Punching die and punch

By employing a movable core structure, guide rod, and elastic element design in the punching die, the problem of core fracture due to stress concentration was solved, thereby improving the stability and processing accuracy of the die, extending its service life, and enhancing product quality.

CN224406187UActive Publication Date: 2026-06-26GUANGDONG HOTATA TECH GRP
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
GUANGDONG HOTATA TECH GRP
Filing Date
2025-07-14
Publication Date
2026-06-26

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The die core is prone to breakage due to unidirectional impact load during the punching process of aluminum profiles. In the existing technology, the fixed setting of the die core leads to stress concentration and easy damage.

Method used

Design a punching die in which the die core is connected to the lower die base via a movable second positioning structure, and is equipped with a guide rod and elastic element to distribute the pressure of the punch and avoid stress concentration. At the same time, the positioning structure ensures accurate die closing alignment.

Benefits of technology

It effectively reduces the risk of mold core breakage, improves the accuracy of punching position and product quality, extends the service life of molds, and improves processing efficiency and product quality.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a punching die and a punch, the punching die comprises an upper die and a lower die, the upper die comprises an upper die seat, a punch, and a first positioning structure, the first positioning structure and the punch are arranged on the upper die seat; the lower die comprises a lower die seat, a die core, and a second positioning structure, the die core is arranged on the second positioning structure, and the second positioning structure is movably connected to the lower die seat. When the punching die is in a closed die state, the second positioning structure is positioned and matched with the first positioning structure, the punch is arranged in the die core, and the die core is pressed against the lower die seat. In this way, when the punching die is in the closed die state, the die core is pressed against the lower die seat, so that the pressure applied by the punch can be shared by multiple components (such as the die core, the lower die seat, and the like), thereby avoiding that the die core bears the force of the punch alone, and thus the stress concentration on the die core is reduced, and the risk of fracture of the die core is reduced.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mold technology, and in particular to a punching mold and a punch press. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of aluminum profile processing, especially in the punching process of tubular profiles (such as clotheslines), punching dies are one of the key process equipment. Punching dies typically consist of two parts: an upper die and a lower die. The upper die usually includes a punch and an upper die base, which is used to apply downward pressure; the lower die includes a die core, a positioning structure, and a lower die base, which is used to support the profile to be processed and guide the punch to complete the punching.

[0003] However, in related technologies, the mold core is generally fixed in the lower mold. During the stamping process, the mold core is subjected to a unidirectional force from the top to the bottom of the punch, which causes the mold core to bear a large local impact load, making the mold core prone to breakage. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a punching die and punch press, which can reduce the risk of die core breakage in related technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a punching die, the punching die comprising:

[0006] The upper mold includes an upper mold base, a punch, and a first positioning structure, wherein the first positioning structure and the punch are disposed on the upper mold base; and

[0007] The lower mold includes a lower mold base, a mold core, and a second positioning structure. The mold core is disposed on the second positioning structure, and the second positioning structure is movably connected to the lower mold base.

[0008] When the punching die is in the closed state, the second positioning structure and the first positioning structure are positioned and cooperate, the punch is inserted into the die core, and the die core presses against the lower die base.

[0009] In some embodiments, the punching die also includes a guide rod, one end of which is connected to the lower die base, and the other end of which passes through the second positioning structure.

[0010] In some embodiments, the guide rod includes a connecting part, a sliding part, and a limiting part connected in sequence. The connecting part is connected to the lower mold base, and the second positioning structure is sleeved on the periphery of the sliding part and located between the lower mold base and the limiting part.

[0011] In some embodiments, the lower mold further includes an elastic element that abuts against the second positioning structure and the lower mold base;

[0012] In some embodiments, the second positioning structure or lower mold base is provided with a mounting groove, and part of the elastic element is embedded in the mounting groove.

[0013] In some implementations, there are multiple elastic elements and multiple mounting slots, with each mounting slot corresponding to one elastic element.

[0014] In some embodiments, the elastic element is selected from one of a spring, a sheet, a silicone elastic element, or a rubber elastic element.

[0015] In some embodiments, one of the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure is provided with a positioning post, and the other of the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure is provided with a positioning groove, with the positioning post and the positioning groove being positioned and engaged.

[0016] In some implementations, there are multiple punches and multiple die cores, with each die core corresponding to one punch.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a punch press, which includes a worktable, a punching die, and a drive mechanism. The lower die is disposed on the worktable, and the drive mechanism is disposed on the worktable and configured to drive the lower die to move.

[0018] The punching die and punch press provided in this application include an upper die and a lower die. The upper die includes an upper die base, a punch, and a first positioning structure, with the first positioning structure and the punch disposed on the upper die base. The lower die includes a lower die base, a die core, and a second positioning structure, with the die core disposed on the second positioning structure, which is movably connected to the lower die base. When the punching die is in the closed state, the second positioning structure and the first positioning structure are positioned and engaged, the punch passes through the die core, and the die core presses against the lower die base. Thus, when the punching die is in the closed state, the die core presses against the lower die base, allowing the pressure applied by the punch to be shared by multiple components (such as the die core and the lower die base), avoiding the die core bearing the force of the punch alone. This helps reduce stress concentration on the die core and consequently reduces the risk of die core breakage. Furthermore, the coordinated positioning between the first and second positioning structures further ensures the alignment accuracy of the upper and lower dies during mold closing, preventing deviations and misalignments during the stamping process, thereby improving the accuracy of the punching position and product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the punching die according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a punching die from another perspective.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the punch press according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0024] 10. Punching die; 20. Punch press; 100. Upper die; 110. Upper die base; 120. Punch; 130. First positioning structure; 131. Positioning pin; 200. Lower die; 210. Lower die base; 220. Die core; 230. Second positioning structure; 231. Positioning groove; 231. Mounting groove; 240. Elastic element; 300. Guide rod; 400. Worktable; 500. Drive mechanism.

[0025] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Where the following description relates to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0030] In aluminum profile processing, especially in the punching process of tubular profiles (such as clothesline profiles), punching dies are one of the key process equipment. A punching die typically consists of two parts: an upper die and a lower die. The upper die usually includes a punch and an upper die base, used to apply downward pressure; the lower die includes a die core, a positioning structure, and a lower die base, used to support the profile to be processed and guide the punch to complete the punching. However, the inventors discovered that the die core is generally fixed in the lower die. During the punching process, the die core is subjected to a unidirectional force from the punch from top to bottom, causing it to bear a large local impact load, making it prone to breakage.

[0031] In view of this, please refer to Figure 1 This application provides a punching die 10 for punching clothesline profiles. The punching die 10 includes an upper die 100 and a lower die 200. The upper die 100 includes an upper die base 110, a punch 120, and a first positioning structure 130, which are disposed on the upper die base 110. The lower die 200 includes a lower die base 210, a die core 220, and a second positioning structure 230, which is disposed on the second positioning structure 230 and movably connected to the lower die base 210. When the punching die 10 is in the closed state, the second positioning structure 230 and the first positioning structure 130 are positioned and engaged, the punch 120 passes through the die core 220, and the die core 220 presses against the lower die base 210. Thus, when the punching die 10 is in the closed state, the die core 220 presses against the lower die base 210, so that the pressure applied by the punch 120 can be shared by multiple components (such as the die core 220, the lower die base 210, etc.), avoiding the die core 220 bearing the force of the punch 120 alone, thereby helping to reduce the stress concentration on the die core 220, and thus helping to reduce the risk of the die core 220 breaking.

[0032] Furthermore, the cooperative positioning between the first positioning structure 130 and the second positioning structure 230 further ensures the alignment accuracy of the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200 during mold closing, preventing deviations, misalignments, and other defects during the stamping process, thereby improving the accuracy of the punching position and product quality.

[0033] The upper die 100, as the force-applying component, primarily bears the function of applying stamping loads to the tubular profile. The upper die base 110, serving as the basic support component of the upper die 100, is typically made of high-strength steel, possessing excellent wear resistance and deformation resistance, and capable of withstanding the impact loads generated during frequent stamping processes. The punch 120 is located below the upper die base 110 and axially aligned with the die core 220 in the lower die 200 in the closed state. It is used to penetrate into the die core 220 during the stamping process to complete the punching operation on tubular profiles such as clotheslines. The punch 120 can be manufactured from a high-hardness alloy material and undergoes heat treatment and surface strengthening processes to improve its wear resistance and service life.

[0034] The first positioning structure 130 is disposed on the upper die holder 110 and is used to cooperate with the second positioning structure 230 in the lower die 200 to achieve precise alignment when the upper die holder 110 and the lower die 200 are closed, preventing punching offset or profile damage caused by misalignment during the stamping process. The first positioning structure 130 may include positioning pins, guide holes or other forms of limiting components, and is designed and arranged according to actual needs.

[0035] The lower mold base 210 provides a stable foundation platform for the lower mold 200, used for installing and fixing key components such as the mold core 220 and the second positioning structure 230. The lower mold base 210 is typically made of high-strength steel and undergoes precision machining and heat treatment processes to ensure that it has sufficient hardness and wear resistance.

[0036] The die core 220 has a punch hole that mates with the punch 120. When the punching die 10 is in the closed state, the punch 120 passes through the punch hole. The punch hole extends through the die core 220 in the vertical direction and is used to guide the punch 120 through it during the stamping process to complete the punching operation of tubular profiles (such as clothes drying rods).

[0037] In some embodiments, the punching die 10 further includes a guide rod 300, which can be used to guide the second positioning structure 230 to move stably along a predetermined trajectory during the punching process, ensuring precise alignment and fit between the upper and lower dies.

[0038] One end of the guide rod 300 is connected to the lower die base 210, and the other end of the guide rod 300 passes through the second positioning structure 230 to form a guiding fit structure. When the punch 120 applies downward punching force, the second positioning structure 230 drives the die core 220 and the support plate to move downward synchronously and slide along the axial direction of the guide rod 300, thereby limiting its lateral displacement and ensuring the consistency of the force direction and the smoothness of the movement process. The guide rod 300 can be a guide rail or a height-equalizing screw, etc.

[0039] The guide rod 300 effectively improves the guiding accuracy and structural stability of the punching die 10 during continuous stamping, avoiding problems such as punching position deviation and accelerated wear of the die core 220 caused by the shaking or displacement of the second positioning structure 230. Simultaneously, the guide rod 300 also provides auxiliary support, enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the second positioning structure 230 under dynamic loads and further extending the service life of the punching die 10. Furthermore, the guide rod 300 has a simple structure and is easy to install, and can work in conjunction with components such as the die core 220, ensuring uniform force distribution and smooth movement of the punching die 10 during stamping.

[0040] The guide rod 300 includes a connecting part, a sliding part and a limiting part connected in sequence. The connecting part is connected to the lower mold base 210, and the second positioning structure 230 is sleeved on the periphery of the sliding part and located between the lower mold base 210 and the limiting part.

[0041] The connecting part is fixedly installed on the lower mold base 210 to achieve a stable connection between the guide rod 300 and the lower mold base 210; the sliding part is located at the end of the connecting part away from the lower mold base 210, and a second positioning structure 230 is sleeved on its outer periphery so that the second positioning structure 230 can slide up and down along the axial direction of the sliding part; the limiting part is located at the end of the sliding part, and its diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the sliding part, so as to limit the maximum displacement range of the second positioning structure 230 during the sliding process and prevent it from detaching from the guide rod 300.

[0042] The second positioning structure 230 is confined between the lower die base 210 and the limiting part, and can move freely along the sliding part. This ensures the smooth movement of the second positioning structure 230 during the stamping process and avoids structural misalignment or failure caused by excessive sinking. At the same time, the presence of the limiting part also enhances the overall safety and controllability of the punching die 10, and helps to improve the repeatability of the punching operation and the reliability of long-term operation.

[0043] There are multiple guide rods 300, which are spaced apart. The multiple guide rods 300 maintain a reasonable spacing distribution to ensure that the second positioning structure 230 obtains uniform guiding support force during its up and down movement.

[0044] Specifically, each guide rod 300 includes a connecting part, a sliding part, and a limiting part, and is installed at different positions on the lower die base 210. Multiple guide rods 300 work together to form a multi-point synchronous guiding system, significantly improving the operational stability and guiding accuracy of the second positioning structure 230 during the stamping process. Compared to a single guide rod 300, the spaced arrangement of multiple guide rods 300 effectively prevents the second positioning structure 230 from tilting, deflecting, or jamming during movement, thus ensuring the stability and consistency of the punching operation.

[0045] In addition, the arrangement of multiple guide rods 300 helps to improve the overall structural rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the punching die 10, and can still maintain good mechanical properties when subjected to high-frequency impact loads.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the punching die 10 further includes an elastic element 240, which abuts against the second positioning structure 230 and the lower die base 210. Thus, by providing a movably connected second positioning structure 230 in the lower die 200 and an elastic element 240 between the second positioning structure 230 and the lower die base 210, the punching die 10 allows the die core 220 to sink synchronously with the profile during the punching process. This effectively disperses the pressure applied by the punch 120, reducing the risk of breakage or deformation of the die core 220 due to concentrated stress, thereby contributing to improved structural strength and service life of the punching die 10.

[0047] In some embodiments, the second positioning structure 230 or the lower die base 210 is provided with a mounting groove 231, and a portion of the elastic element 240 is embedded in the mounting groove 231. Specifically, the mounting groove 231 is a recessed or slotted structure provided in the second positioning structure 230 or the lower die base 210 to limit the elastic element 240, so that the elastic element 240 can be more stably positioned in the die structure, preventing the elastic element 240 from shifting or misaligning during the stamping process, thereby ensuring the continuity and consistency of the cushioning effect.

[0048] In addition, the mounting groove 231 provides precise installation position and orientation control for the elastic element 240, ensuring that it does not deviate from the central axis during assembly and avoiding uneven compression caused by misalignment.

[0049] There are multiple elastic elements 240 and multiple mounting slots 231, with each mounting slot 231 corresponding to one elastic element 240. The multiple elastic elements 240 are symmetrically or evenly distributed along the connection area between the second positioning structure 230 and the lower die base 210, thereby making the force on each part of the die more balanced during the stamping process and improving the overall load-bearing capacity and buffering effect of the elastic elements 240.

[0050] In addition, the multiple elastic elements 240 not only enhance the buffering capacity of the die during the stamping process, but also effectively disperse the pressure load from the punch 120, avoiding structural failure or fatigue damage caused by local stress concentration.

[0051] Moreover, the one-to-one correspondence between multiple elastic elements 240 and multiple mounting slots 231 helps to improve the consistency of the action of each elastic element 240 during compression and reset, ensuring that the mold core 220 and the second positioning structure 230 remain stable during up and down movement, and preventing the failure of a single elastic element 240 from affecting the overall working performance.

[0052] The elastic element 240 is selected from springs, sheet springs, silicone elastic elements, or rubber elastic elements, ensuring that the elastic element 240 possesses good compression and rebound performance, meeting the buffering and reset requirements of the punching die 10 during operation. Specifically, springs have advantages such as structural stability, high load-bearing capacity, and fast response speed, making them suitable for buffering designs under conventional stamping conditions; sheet springs are characterized by their small size and flexible installation, making them suitable for space-constrained die structures; silicone and rubber elastic elements have good shock absorption performance and nonlinear stiffness characteristics, providing a smoother buffering effect under complex load conditions, while also possessing a certain noise reduction capability. Depending on different usage requirements and stamping parameters, a suitable type of elastic element 240 can be selected and matched with the overall structure of the punching die 10 to achieve the best buffering effect and service life.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first positioning structure 130 and the second positioning structure 230 can be positioned together to achieve precise positioning of the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200 during the mold closing process, ensuring the consistency of the punching position and the processing accuracy.

[0054] One of the first positioning structure 130 and the second positioning structure 230 is provided with a positioning post 131, and the other of the first positioning structure 130 and the second positioning structure 230 is provided with a positioning groove 231. The positioning post 131 and the positioning groove 231 are positioned and engaged. Specifically, one of the first positioning structure 130 and the second positioning structure 230 is provided with a positioning post 131, and the other is provided with a corresponding positioning groove 231, forming a pluggable positioning and engaging structure. When the upper mold 100 moves downward and closes with the lower mold 200, the positioning post 131 is inserted into the positioning groove 231. This pluggable engagement achieves lateral limiting and centering guidance, thereby effectively preventing problems such as punching offset and profile deformation caused by misalignment of the upper mold 100 and the lower mold 200 during the stamping process.

[0055] The mating structure of the positioning pin 131 and the positioning groove 231 has advantages such as simple structure, convenient operation, and reliable positioning. In continuous stamping operations, it can significantly improve the repeatability of the mold positioning accuracy, extend the service life of the mold core 220 and the punch 120, and also help improve the product qualification rate and production efficiency.

[0056] Furthermore, the positioning post 131 and the positioning groove 231 can be circular, square, or polygonal in shape, selected according to actual needs to meet different guiding accuracy and assembly process requirements.

[0057] There are multiple punches 120 and multiple die cores 220, with each die core 220 corresponding to one punch 120, forming a one-to-one punching unit. Multiple punching units are arranged side by side on the die, which can punch multiple drying rod profiles at the same time, significantly improving processing efficiency and production cycle time.

[0058] Specifically, multiple punches 120 are fixedly installed at corresponding positions below the upper die holder 110, while multiple die cores 220 are embedded in the second positioning structure 230 of the lower die and are axially aligned with the punches 120 in the die-closed state. During the stamping process, each punch 120 acts on the corresponding die core 220 to complete an independent punching operation.

[0059] Furthermore, the configuration of the multi-punch head 120 and multi-die core 220 offers excellent scalability, allowing for flexible adjustment of the number and layout of punches according to actual product needs, adapting to the processing requirements of different specifications of clotheslines or other tubular aluminum profiles. Simultaneously, this modular design facilitates die maintenance and replacement; when a set of punch heads 120 or die cores 220 becomes worn, the corresponding component can be replaced individually without disassembling the entire die, further enhancing the ease of use and economy of the equipment.

[0060] Based on the above implementation method, during the punching process, the clothesline profile to be processed needs to be pre-fitted onto the outer periphery of the die core 220 and inserted axially to the set position. The die core 220 is set in the second positioning structure 230 of the lower die 200 and connected to the lower die base 210 through the elastic element 240, enabling it to achieve buffer sinking and automatic reset functions during the stamping process. When the stamping equipment is started, the upper die 100 is driven to move downward along the guide direction of the guide rod 300, driving the punch 120 mounted on the upper die base 110 to move downward synchronously. The punch 120 gradually approaches the die core 220 and finally penetrates into the punch hole inside the die core 220. At this time, the clothesline profile is clamped between the punch 120 and the die core 220, undergoes local plastic deformation under the pressure applied by the punch 120, and fractures in the stress concentration area, thereby completing the punching operation.

[0061] During this process, the die core 220 and the second positioning structure 230 sink synchronously with the stamping pressure, compressing the elastic element 240 to absorb some of the impact energy. This allows the stamping pressure to be shared by multiple components, preventing the die core 220 from breaking or deforming due to excessive force on one side. After stamping is completed, the punch 120 moves upward and disengages from the die core 220. The elastic element 240 recovers its deformation, pushing the second positioning structure 230 and the die core 220 back to their initial positions, preparing for the next stamping operation.

[0062] Please see Figure 3This application embodiment also provides a punch press 20, which includes a worktable 400, a punching die 10 and a drive structure. The lower die 200 is disposed on the worktable 400; the drive mechanism 500 is disposed on the worktable 400 and configured to drive the lower die 200 to move.

[0063] Specifically, the worktable 400 serves as the basic support structure for the entire punch press 20, supporting the lower die 200 and its related components. The lower die 200 is positioned above the worktable 400 and can move along a preset direction to achieve a buffering adjustment function during the stamping process. Furthermore, a drive mechanism 500 is mounted on the worktable 400 and connected to the lower die 200, driving the lower die 200 to reciprocate according to a set stroke. Through the action of this drive mechanism 500, the displacement rhythm of the lower die 200 can be actively controlled during the stamping process, coordinating it with the downward movement of the upper die, thereby improving the stability and response speed of the stamping process.

[0064] In practical applications, the drive mechanism 500 can adopt common power actuators such as pneumatic cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, and servo motors with lead screw transmission devices, selecting the appropriate drive form according to different processing requirements. This drive mechanism 500 can not only drive the lower die 200 to complete the up-and-down movement required for stamping, but also work with the elastic element 240 to achieve an automatic reset function, preparing for the next stamping operation.

[0065] In addition, by integrating the aforementioned punching die 10 with buffer function, the punch press 20 ensures that the die core 220 is subjected to more uniform force during continuous punching, effectively avoiding the breakage problem caused by stress concentration, extending the service life of the die, and improving punching quality and production efficiency.

[0066] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this application. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0067] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A piercing die characterized by, The punching die is used for punching holes in clothes drying rod profiles and includes: The upper mold includes an upper mold base, a punch, and a first positioning structure, wherein the first positioning structure and the punch are disposed on the upper mold base; and The lower mold includes a lower mold base, a mold core, and a second positioning structure. The mold core is disposed on the second positioning structure, and the second positioning structure is movably connected to the lower mold base. When the punching die is in the closed state, the second positioning structure is positioned and engaged with the first positioning structure, the punch passes through the die core, and the die core presses against the lower die base.

2. The piercing die of claim 1, wherein, The punching die also includes a guide rod, one end of which is connected to the lower die base, and the other end of which passes through the second positioning structure.

3. The piercing die of claim 2, wherein, The guide rod includes a connecting part, a sliding part, and a limiting part connected in sequence. The connecting part is connected to the lower mold base, and the second positioning structure is sleeved on the periphery of the sliding part and located between the lower mold base and the limiting part.

4. The piercing die according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The lower mold also includes an elastic element, which abuts against the second positioning structure and the lower mold base.

5. The piercing die of claim 4, wherein, The second positioning structure or the lower mold base is provided with a mounting groove, and part of the elastic element is embedded in the mounting groove.

6. The piercing die of claim 5, wherein, The number of elastic elements and the number of mounting slots are both multiple, with each mounting slot corresponding to one elastic element.

7. The piercing die of claim 4 wherein, The elastic element is selected from one of springs, sheet springs, silicone elastic elements, or rubber elastic elements.

8. The piercing die according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that One of the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure is provided with a positioning post, and the other of the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure is provided with a positioning groove, wherein the positioning post and the positioning groove are positioned and engaged.

9. The piercing die according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The number of punches and the number of mold cores are both multiple, with each mold core corresponding to one punch.

10. A punch press, characterized in that, include: Workbench; According to any one of claims 1 to 9, the lower die is disposed on the worktable; as well as A drive mechanism is disposed on the worktable and configured to drive the lower mold to move.