Pantograph supporting and thawing assisted pantograph raising device

Abstract

The utility model relates to electric locomotive pantograph technical field discloses a kind of pantograph support thawing power pantograph device, including rubber cover, emergency thawing stainless steel rope, first screw rod, mandrel, spring, cylinder, screw cap and second screw rod, wherein mandrel and cylinder sliding connection constitute lifting guide mechanism, spring is arranged in cylinder interior and provides elastic supporting force, rubber cover is sleeved in cylinder exterior and is connected first screw rod, second screw rod is fixed in pantograph bogie by penetrating screw cap, in the state of lowering bow, utilize the inclined boss structure of rubber cover and bow head arm pipe contact surface and scatter freezing pressure, the device can effectively break the ice and snow adhesion between bow head arm pipe and bogie, solve the pantograph freezing lock under extreme climate and lead to the pantograph failure problem of rising bow, with antifreeze performance, compact structure, the characteristics that maintenance is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pantograph technology for electric locomotives, specifically a pantograph support and defrosting aid for raising the pantograph. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's science and technology, China's rail transit has achieved remarkable results, and electric locomotives are now deployed throughout the country. The pantograph is an electrical device installed on the roof of an electric locomotive or EMU (Electric Multiple Unit) to obtain electrical energy from the overhead contact line. The pantograph raising process is as follows: compressed air passes through an electro-pneumatic valve, air filter, one-way throttle valve (for raising the pantograph), precision pressure regulating valve, pressure gauge, and safety valve into the air bladder. The air bladder expands, causing the truss to move to the left, which in turn moves the wire rope around an arc plate, pulling up the lower arm. Through the lower guide rod, the upper arm rises, and the pantograph head contacts the overhead contact line.

[0003] In cold climates, electric locomotive pantographs are highly susceptible to malfunctions that prevent them from raising properly. The main cause is that when locomotives are parked or running outdoors in icy, snowy, freezing rain, or high-humidity environments (such as fog or snowfall), icy rain, fog, and snowflakes impact and condense, accumulating on the surface of the pantograph components. This results in a severe layer of ice and snow forming between the pantograph head and the underlying underframe support structure, which then freezes and adheres firmly due to the low temperature. Simultaneously, the pantograph head itself becomes significantly heavier due to the ice buildup. Under these conditions, the initial raising force of the pantograph is insufficient to overcome the enormous resistance created by the ice layer and the additional gravitational pressure from the icy pantograph head, causing the pantograph head to freeze and lock, ultimately preventing the entire pantograph from raising and potentially rendering the electric locomotive inoperable.

[0004] Currently, there are two common methods for thawing and raising the pantograph. One method involves moving the electric locomotive to an area without a power grid or within a contactless network, and manually poking or gently tapping the pantograph head with an insulated wooden pole. Over time, this causes deformation and damage to the pantograph head, increasing costs. This method is ineffective and poses safety hazards to workers. It is also time-consuming and can delay the locomotive's departure from the depot. The other method involves forced, repeated pantograph raising, which can damage the power assist airbag, thus increasing maintenance costs and labor.

[0005] Existing antifreeze devices attempt to prevent freezing by utilizing locomotive vibrations through elastic support structures, such as the pantograph antifreeze device disclosed in Chinese utility model patent CN208198117U. Figure 9As shown, it consists of a base, a spring support, a spring, and a dome plate. The base is fixedly installed on the top of the locomotive. The bottom of the spring support is threaded to the base. The spring support has a boss structure, and the dome plate has an inverted boss structure with an arc-shaped top surface. It is used to support the pantograph in the lowered position. One end of the spring is fitted over the protrusion on the upper part of the spring support, and the other end is fitted over the protrusion on the lower part of the dome plate. Another example is a snow damage anti-freezing and defreezing device for a railway locomotive pantograph disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Patent CN220615495U. Figure 10 As shown, the elastic support assembly includes a spring top plate, a spring, and a base. The spring top plate and the base are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the spring, respectively, and the base is fixed to the pantograph base frame. All of the above products are exposed, posing a safety hazard. In the event of breakage or detachment, it could easily cause a major accident. Utility Model Content

[0006] This invention provides a pantograph support thawing and lifting device, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems, prevents the pantograph from freezing at low temperatures, and enables the pantograph to work normally in low-temperature environments, thereby ensuring the normal operation of electric locomotives in low-temperature environments.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a pantograph support and defrosting assist device, comprising a rubber cover, a first screw, an emergency defrosting stainless steel rope, a mandrel, a spring, a cylinder, a threaded cover, and a second screw. The mandrel is slidably connected to the upper end of the cylinder, and the threaded cover is threadedly connected to the lower end of the cylinder. The spring is disposed inside the cylinder, with its upper end contacting the lower end of the mandrel and its lower end contacting the upper end of the threaded cover. The rubber cover is fitted over the cylinder and is mounted on its upper surface. The first screw is disposed inside the rubber cover and passes through the mandrel, threadedly connected to the mandrel. A second screw is disposed at the lower end of the threaded cover and is mounted on the pantograph base. The lower end of the first screw has a hole drilled in it and the emergency defrosting stainless steel rope is fixed thereon. The other end of the emergency defrosting stainless steel rope passes through the threaded cover, and the other end of the emergency defrosting stainless steel rope is connected to a manual pull ring and placed in the machine compartment.

[0008] A further aspect of this invention is that the top of the inside of the rubber cover is provided with a receiving cavity, and a fixing disc is provided on the internal hexagonal screw head at the top of the first screw, and the fixing disc and the internal hexagonal screw head are disposed in the receiving cavity.

[0009] A further aspect of this invention is that the fixed disc is provided with a circular array of holes, and the accommodating cavity is provided with a corresponding cylinder, which is embedded in the circular hole.

[0010] A further aspect of this invention is that a copper sleeve is nested above the cylinder, and the spindle passes through the copper sleeve and is slidably connected to the cylinder.

[0011] A further aspect of this invention is that the top of the rubber cover is an inclined boss structure, and when the pantograph is in the lowered state, the pantograph head arm tube contacts the top of the rubber cover.

[0012] A further aspect of this invention is that the bottom end of the mandrel is provided with a step to limit the sliding stroke of the mandrel inside the cylinder, so that the mandrel will not slide out of the cylinder.

[0013] A further aspect of this invention is that four second screws are provided, and the four second screws are arranged in a circumferential array on the threaded cap.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] This invention integrates a rubber cover for sealing and protection, a spring-driven dynamic support, and a mechanical assistance structure. In the lowered state, the contact surface between the inclined boss on the top of the rubber cover and the bow head tube disperses rainwater and snow pressure and facilitates frictional de-icing. In the raising state, an emergency defrosting stainless steel rope immediately removes ice from the bow head, thus helping to overcome the resistance during the most difficult initial raising stage of the original system, especially the additional weight from the large amount of ice buildup on the bow head structure, enabling smooth raising. The sliding pair structure of the cylinder and copper sleeve reduces frictional loss; the internal cavity of the rubber cover conceals key connecting structures to prevent external impacts; and the removable threaded cover facilitates spring replacement and maintenance. Compared to traditional manual de-icing and passive anti-freezing devices, this solution combines active defrosting and mechanical assistance, significantly improving the reliability of the pantograph in low-temperature and high-humidity environments while ensuring safety, reducing maintenance costs, and enabling the pantograph to operate normally in low-temperature environments. This ensures the normal operation of electric locomotives in low-temperature environments and improves operational efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support and defrosting assist bow lifting device according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a reference diagram showing the pantograph of this utility model in its lowered state during use;

[0019] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber cover of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first screw and the fixed disc of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the threaded cap and the second screw of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support and defrosting assist bow lifting device according to Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a reference diagram showing the pantograph of this utility model in its raised state during use;

[0025] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pantograph antifreeze device in the prior art. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pantograph antifreeze device in the prior art. Figure 2 .

[0027] In the diagram, 1. Rubber cover; 2. First screw; 3. Spindle; 4. Cylinder; 5. Spring; 6. Threaded cap; 7. Second screw; 8. Fixing disc; 9. Copper sleeve; 10. Accommodating cavity; 11. Pantograph base frame; 12. Pantograph head arm tube; 13. Round hole; 14. Cylinder; 15. Emergency thawing stainless steel rope. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1-6As shown, this application proposes a pantograph support and defrosting assistance device, including a rubber cover 1, a first screw 2, a spindle 3, a spring 5, a cylinder 4, a threaded cap 6, and a second screw 7. The spindle 3 is slidably connected to the upper end of the cylinder 4, and the threaded cap 6 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the cylinder 4. The spring 5 is disposed inside the cylinder 4, with its upper end contacting the lower end of the spindle 3 and its lower end contacting the upper end of the threaded cap 6. The rubber cover 1 is fitted over the cylinder 4, and the first screw 2 is disposed inside the rubber cover 1, passing through the spindle 3 and threadedly connected to it. The second screw 7 is disposed at the lower end of the threaded cap 6 and is mounted on the pantograph base 11.

[0031] The shape of the cylinder 4 is not limited, and the cross-section of the cylinder 4 can be circular, triangular, prismatic, quadrilateral, or polygonal, with circular being preferred.

[0032] The rubber cover 1 can be made of weather-resistant rubber material. The first screw 2 can be made of Q235 steel, and its threaded connection can use fine threads to enhance connection stability. A lubricating coating can be applied to the sliding connection between the spindle 3 and the cylinder 4 to reduce frictional resistance. The spring 5 can be made of stainless steel, and its stiffness coefficient can be adjusted according to actual load requirements. The cylinder 4 can be machined from stainless steel tubing. The threaded cap 6 can be manufactured using Q235 casting technology. The second screw 7 can be made of Q235 steel, and its installation method can be threaded connection.

[0033] The device provides initial pantograph raising assistance through the preload of spring 5. The rubber cover 1 is designed to prevent rainwater and snow from directly entering the device, while its elastic properties buffer the impact between the pantograph head and the device. The detachable connection between the threaded cap 6 and the cylinder 4 facilitates the maintenance and replacement of spring 5, and the arrangement of the second screw 7 ensures reliable fixation between the device and the pantograph base 11. Compared with existing technologies, this device has advantages such as compact structure, simple operation, and low maintenance costs, and can effectively solve the technical problem of pantographs failing to rise normally due to icing in cold climates.

[0034] Furthermore, this application also proposes that a cavity 10 is provided at the top inside the rubber cover 1, and a fixing disc 8 is provided on the internal hexagonal screw head at the top of the first screw 2, with the fixing disc 8 and the internal hexagonal screw head disposed inside the cavity 10.

[0035] The receiving cavity 10 is a groove structure formed on the inner side of the top of the rubber cover 1, used to accommodate the fixing disc 8 and the socket head cap screw. The fixing disc 8 is a circular metal plate, fixed to the top of the socket head cap screw by welding or threaded connection. The socket head cap screw has a standard hexagonal bolt head structure for tool tightening operations. The diameter of the fixing disc 8 is larger than the circumscribed circle diameter of the socket head cap screw, forming a limiting structure. The depth of the receiving cavity 10 is slightly larger than the total height of the fixing disc 8 and the socket head cap screw, ensuring complete accommodation.

[0036] Specifically, this technical solution involves creating a cavity 10 inside the rubber cover 1 to completely enclose the fixing disc 8 and the internal hexagonal screw head of the first screw 2. This protects the screw connection structure and prevents rainwater and snow from directly adhering to the screw head. The combination of the fixing disc 8 and the internal hexagonal screw head ensures both connection strength and ease of installation and maintenance.

[0037] Specifically, the fixed disc 8 and the internal hexagonal screw head are positioned and fitted through circumferentially distributed circular holes 13. The circular holes 13 are evenly arranged in a ring on the fixed disc 8, and their number can be set to 3-8 according to actual needs. The corresponding cylinders 14 in the accommodating cavity 10 are installed by interference fit with the circular holes 13.

[0038] This technical solution effectively prevents the fixed disk 8 from rotating circumferentially relative to the internal hexagonal screw head through the interlocking structure of the cylinder 14 and the circular hole 13. In practical applications, when the first screw 2 is subjected to torque, the torque is transmitted through the mating surface of the cylinder 14 and the circular hole 13, avoiding stress concentration at the threaded connection.

[0039] Furthermore, this application also proposes that a copper sleeve 9 is nested above the cylinder 4, and the spindle 3 passes through the copper sleeve 9 and is slidably connected to the cylinder 4.

[0040] The copper sleeve 9 is made of wear-resistant copper alloy. This technical solution effectively solves the wear problem caused by direct metal-to-metal friction by setting the copper sleeve 9 between the cylinder 4 and the spindle 3. Compared with the structure without the copper sleeve 9, this design increases the service life of the sliding pair. The copper sleeve 9 can be replaced after wear, while the cylinder 4 and spindle 3, as the main load-bearing components, are protected, significantly reducing maintenance costs.

[0041] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the bottom end of the spindle 3 is provided with a step to limit the sliding stroke of the spindle 3 within the cylinder 4.

[0042] Specifically, the stepped structure is formed by machining an annular flange with a sudden change in diameter at the bottom of the spindle 3, which forms a limiting fit with the inner wall of the cylinder 4.

[0043] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the top of the rubber cover 1 is an inclined boss structure, and when the pantograph is in the lowered state, the pantograph head arm tube 12 contacts the top of the rubber cover 1.

[0044] The inclined boss structure on the top of the rubber cover 1 can adopt a slope design of 30° to 60° to prevent rainwater and snow from directly adhering to it, causing snow-like ice to accumulate and freeze. The specific inclination angle can be adjusted according to the contact surface shape of the pantograph head arm tube 12. The boss structure can be made of wear-resistant rubber material, and its surface can be provided with anti-slip texture to increase the coefficient of friction. As a preferred embodiment, the edge of the boss structure can be provided with a rounded transition to avoid stress concentration when in contact with the pantograph head arm tube. The rubber cover 1 and the boss can be manufactured by an integral molding process, or they can be connected by adhesive or mechanical fixing.

[0045] This technical solution utilizes an inclined boss structure to create a stable contact surface between the pantograph head arm tube and the rubber cover 1 when the pantograph is lowered. The inclined angle of the boss structure is optimized to ensure sufficient contact area for transmitting the lifting force while avoiding excessive contact resistance.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, as Figure 7 As shown, there are four second screws 7 arranged in a circumferential array on the threaded cover 6.

[0048] Specifically, the four second screws 7 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the threaded cover 6, forming a symmetrical arrangement. The threaded cover 6 has matching internal threaded holes machined at corresponding positions. The four second screws 7 can simultaneously pass through the mounting holes of the pantograph base 11, achieving stable support through evenly distributed force.

[0049] This technical solution significantly improves the connection strength and stability between the device and the pantograph base frame 11 by employing four second screws 7 arranged in a circular array.

[0050] This device is also equipped with an emergency thawing stainless steel rope. One end of the emergency thawing stainless steel rope is fixed to the head of the first screw and passes through a hole through a threaded cover, cylinder, or second screw. The position of the emergency thawing stainless steel rope exiting from the threaded cover is not limited. The other end is placed at the roof window of the locomotive or passes through a hole into the engine room. In winter, when the temperature is low, the pantograph of the electric locomotive is prone to failure to raise. The pantograph head and arm tube and the pantograph base below are covered with snow-like ice, frozen and stuck together, and the pantograph head is severely iced. The initial pantograph raising force is simply unable to overcome the weight of the adhesion and ice, causing the pantograph to fail to raise normally, affecting the normal operation of trains. At this time, the emergency safety rope can be opened. Pull and release the emergency safety rope forcefully more than 3 times. This will drive the spindle to compress the spring. When the spring is compressed to its limit, the elastic potential energy stored in the spring is converted into an instantaneous impact force, which quickly releases the safety rope. The spring rebounds and pushes the spindle upward to reset, driving the first screw and rubber cover and applying a vertical impact force to the pantograph head and arm tube, breaking the ice layer adhesion. Repeatedly pulling the safety rope causes the mandrel to vibrate at high frequency and amplitude. This vibration is transmitted through the rubber cover to the bow head tube, further breaking down the ice layer. This effectively overcomes the resistance of ice adhesion and the weight of snow accumulation at the bow head during the initial bow raising stage. It immediately removes ice between the bow head tube and the pantograph base, thus helping to overcome the resistance of the most difficult initial bow raising stage of the original system, especially the additional weight of a large amount of ice accumulation on the bow head structure, enabling a smooth bow raising. This device is low in cost and easy to install.

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pantograph supporting de-icing assisted raising device, characterized by: The assembly includes a rubber cover (1), a first screw (2), an emergency defrosting stainless steel rope (15), a mandrel (3), a spring (5), a cylinder (4), a threaded cap (6), and a second screw (7). The mandrel (3) is slidably connected to the upper end of the cylinder (4), and the threaded cap (6) is threadedly connected to the lower end of the cylinder (4). The spring (5) is located inside the cylinder (4), with its upper end contacting the lower end of the mandrel (3) and its lower end contacting the upper end of the threaded cap (6). The rubber cover (1) is fitted over the outside of the cylinder (4). The rubber cover (1) is provided with a first screw (2), which passes through the spindle (3) and is threadedly connected to the spindle (3). The lower end of the threaded cover (6) is provided with a second screw (7), which is installed on the pantograph base frame (11). The head of the lower end of the first screw (2) is drilled and fixed with an emergency thawing stainless steel rope (15). The other end of the emergency thawing stainless steel rope (15) passes through the threaded cover (6), the cylinder (4), or the second screw (7). The other end of the emergency thawing stainless steel rope (15) is connected to a manual pull ring.

2. A pantograph supporting de-icing assisted lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the rubber cover (1) is provided with a cavity (10), and a fixed disc (8) is provided on the hexagonal head at the top of the first screw (2). The fixed disc (8) and the hexagonal head are located in the cavity (10).

3. The pantograph support thawing and lifting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed disc (8) is provided with a circular array of holes (13), and the cavity (10) is provided with a corresponding cylinder (14), which is embedded in the circular hole (13).

4. The pantograph support thawing and lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A copper sleeve (9) is nested above the cylinder (4), and the spindle (3) passes through the copper sleeve (9) and is slidably connected to the cylinder (4).

5. The pantograph support thawing and lifting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom end of the spindle (3) is provided with a step to limit the sliding stroke of the spindle (3) in the cylinder (4).

6. A pantograph support thawing and lifting device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The top of the rubber cover (1) is an inclined boss structure. When the pantograph is in the lowered state, the pantograph head arm tube (12) contacts the top of the rubber cover (1).

7. The pantograph support thawing and lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second screw (7) is provided in four parts, and the four second screws (7) are arranged in a circumferential array on the threaded cap (6).

8. The pantograph support thawing and lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the cylinder (4) is circular or polygonal.

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