A fully mechanized top coal caving support coal caving and dust falling device and coal caving and dust falling system
By installing multi-layer sprayers and dust curtains on the longwall top coal caving support, the problems of nozzle spraying workers and incomplete spraying were solved, achieving efficient dust reduction and water conservation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YUHENG POWER STATION OF SHAANXI HUADIAN YUHENG COAL POWER CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
In the existing fully mechanized top coal caving process, the nozzles are set on the shield beam and tail beam, which causes dust to be sprayed onto the workers. The spraying is incomplete and cannot effectively control the dust near the coal discharge port, affecting the health and safety of the workers.
Main water pipelines and branch water pipelines are installed on the longwall top coal caving support. The first and second branch water pipelines are led out along the direction of the shield beam. The nozzles spray downward and backward, forming a multi-layer dust barrier in combination with the dust curtain, controlling the dust near the coal discharge port and preventing it from entering the workers' activity area.
It effectively reduces dust concentration, reduces water waste, improves the working environment for workers, and prevents nozzles from spraying onto workers, thus achieving efficient dust suppression.
Smart Images
Figure CN224413696U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mine dust removal and ventilation, specifically to a coal release dust suppression device and coal release dust suppression system for a fully mechanized top coal caving support. Background Technology
[0002] The longwall top coal caving process generates a large amount of dust (including coal dust and rock dust) during coal release, which not only seriously endangers the health of workers but also threatens the safe mining of the face. Therefore, the problem of dust control during coal release urgently needs to be solved. To address this technical issue, existing technologies propose installing dust suppression nozzles on the longwall top coal caving support for spraying dust during coal release. However, most of these nozzles are directly installed on the shield beam, tail beam, roof beam, and sidewalls (e.g., patent: a multi-point spray dust suppression device for longwall top coal caving faces). While placing the nozzles on the roof beam and shield beam can compensate for the incomplete dust suppression caused by nozzles on the tail beam and shield beam, the disadvantage is that it sprays dust onto the workers, which is counterproductive. Furthermore, some water mist from the nozzles on the shield beam also sprays onto the workers. The above problems are caused by incomplete dust suppression by the nozzles on the shield beam and tail beam. Therefore, if the setting of the nozzles on the shield beam and tail beam can be optimized, the dust can be controlled near the coal discharge port during the coal discharge process, so that the dust does not enter the workers' activity area. There is no need to set nozzles on the top beam and side plate, which can save water and improve the workers' working environment. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model proposes a dust suppression device for top coal caving supports in fully mechanized top coal caving, comprising a top coal caving hydraulic support and a dust suppression component. The dust suppression component includes a main water pipeline arranged along the width of the hydraulic support in the middle of the shield beam; a first branch water pipeline extending rearward from the main water pipeline along the length of the shield beam; a first valve at the front of the first branch water pipeline and first nozzles spaced apart at the rear of the first branch water pipeline, with the first nozzles spraying downwards; a second branch water pipeline extending vertically downwards from the main water pipeline; a second valve and a second nozzle arranged in the second branch water pipeline, with the second nozzles spraying backwards; and a dust curtain vertically arranged in the middle and rear part of the shield beam.
[0004] Preferably, the top coal caving hydraulic support includes a shield beam, a tail beam, a front connecting rod, and a rear connecting rod. The rear end of the front connecting rod is connected to the front middle part of the shield beam, and the rear end of the rear connecting rod is connected to the middle part of the shield beam. The front ends of the front and rear connecting rods are connected to a base. A hydraulic column is provided on the base, and a top beam is connected to the top of the hydraulic column. The front end of the top beam is connected to the rear end of the front beam, and the rear end is connected to the front end of the shield beam. A tail beam is slidably arranged inside the rear end of the shield beam. A rear scraper conveyor is provided below the rear end of the shield beam and the tail beam.
[0005] Preferably, the main water pipeline is located at the lower part of the connection between the rear connecting rod and the protective beam.
[0006] Preferably, the first branch water pipe is provided with two paths, and the second branch water pipe is provided with two paths, corresponding to the positions of the two first branch water pipes respectively.
[0007] Preferably, the first nozzle is located at the rear end of the shield beam, adjacent to the front of the rear scraper conveyor.
[0008] Preferably, two first nozzles are spaced apart, a second valve is installed at the top of the second branch water pipe, and three second nozzles are spaced apart in height.
[0009] Preferably, the opening degrees of the first valve and the second valve are adjustable, and the dust curtain can be rolled up.
[0010] This utility model proposes a coal release and dust suppression system for a fully mechanized top coal caving support, comprising sequentially adjacent... n Dust suppression device for coal release on top coal caving supports in fully mechanized top coal caving. n The main water pipelines of the top coal caving support dust suppression device are connected sequentially, with the last end connected to the water supply system.
[0011] This utility model proposes an intelligent coal release and dust suppression device for a fully mechanized top coal caving support, including the aforementioned coal release and dust suppression device for a fully mechanized top coal caving support, and further including a first fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensor and a second fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensor. The first fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensor is located near a first nozzle, and the second fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensor is located near a second nozzle. The first and second fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensors are of model FBG-DC100. The first and second valves are intrinsically safe intelligent electric ball valves for mining, model Q941F-16C DN100. The first and second fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensors, the first valve, and the second valve are connected to a programmable logic controller (PLC), model Siemens S7-1200 / 1500.
[0012] This utility model proposes an intelligent coal release and dust suppression system for fully mechanized top coal caving supports, comprising sequentially adjacent... n Intelligent coal feeding and dust suppression device for fully mechanized top coal caving supports. n The main water pipeline of the intelligent coal feeding and dust suppression device of the longwall top coal caving support is connected in sequence to the water supply system at the last end.
[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The dust suppression device for top coal caving supports of this utility model has a downward-facing first nozzle at the tail of the shield beam. When spraying, it forms a vertical water curtain, creating the first layer of dust blocking and significantly reducing dust concentration. A dust-blocking curtain is vertically installed in the middle and rear of the shield beam, forming a second layer of dust blocking, allowing only a small amount of dust to pass forward. A second branch water pipe is vertically installed in the middle of the shield beam, with rearward-facing second nozzles spaced along this pipe. These second nozzles spray backward to suppress dust and prevent it from moving forward, forming a third layer of dust blocking, thus preventing dust from entering the area below the top beam where workers are working. This utility model can control dust near the coal discharge port, preventing it from entering the workers' activity area. It eliminates the need for nozzles on the top beam and side panels, thus saving water and improving the working environment for workers. Attached Figure Description
[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0015] Figure 1 A front view of the coal release and dust suppression device for a fully mechanized top coal caving support provided by this utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 Top view of the dust suppression device / dust suppression system for longwall top coal caving support provided by this utility model;
[0017] In the diagram: 1-Front beam; 2-Top beam; 3-Shield beam; 4-Tail beam; 5-Hydraulic column; 6-Rear connecting rod; 7-Front connecting rod; 8-Side guard plate; 9-Base; 10-Front scraper conveyor; 11-Rear scraper conveyor; 12-Main water pipeline; 13-Second branch water pipeline; 14-First branch water pipeline; 15-Second nozzle; 16-First nozzle; 17-Dust curtain; 18-Gange; 19-First valve; 20-Second valve. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. In the illustrated embodiments, the directional representations, such as up, down, left, right, front, and back, are relative and are used to explain the relative structures of different components in this application. These representations are appropriate when the components are in the positions shown in the figures. However, if the description of the component positions changes, then these representations are also considered to change accordingly.
[0019] Example 1
[0020] like Figures 1-2As shown, this utility model discloses a coal caving support dust suppression device, including a top coal caving hydraulic support and a dust suppression component. The top coal caving hydraulic support includes a shield beam 3, a tail beam 4, a front connecting rod 7, and a rear connecting rod 6. The rear end of the front connecting rod 7 is connected to the front middle part of the shield beam 3, and the rear end of the rear connecting rod 6 is connected to the middle part of the shield beam 3. The front ends of the front connecting rod 7 and the rear connecting rod 6 are connected to a base 9. A hydraulic column 5 is provided on the base 9, and a top beam 2 is connected to the top of the hydraulic column 5. The front end of the top beam 2 is connected to the rear end of the front beam 1, and the rear end is connected to the front end of the shield beam 3. The front end of the front beam 1 is also connected to a side guard plate 8. The front end of the base 9 is also connected to a front scraper conveyor 10. A tail beam 4 is slidably disposed inside the rear end of the shield beam 3. The tail beam 4 can slide into or out of the shield beam 3. A rear scraper conveyor 11 is disposed below the rear end of the shield beam 3 and the tail beam 4. The dust suppression assembly includes components disposed in the middle of the shield beam 3 along the width direction of the hydraulic support. The main water pipe 12 is specifically located at the lower part of the connection between the rear connecting rod 6 and the shield beam 3. Two first branch water pipes 14 extend from the main water pipe 12 along the length of the shield beam. A first valve 19 is provided at the front of each first branch water pipe 14, and two first nozzles 16 are spaced apart at the rear. The first nozzles 16 are located at the rear end of the shield beam 3, adjacent to the front of the rear scraper conveyor 11, and the spray direction of the first nozzles 16 is downward. Two second branch water pipes 13 extend vertically downward from the main water pipe 12, corresponding to the positions of the two first branch water pipes 14. A second valve 20 is provided at the top of each second branch water pipe 13, and three second nozzles 15 are spaced apart at the same height. The spray direction of the second nozzles 15 is backward. The opening degree of the first valve 19 and the second valve 20 is adjustable. A dust curtain 17 is vertically provided in the middle and rear part of the shield beam 3. The dust curtain 17 is preferably a rollable dust curtain.
[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides a coal release and dust suppression system for a fully mechanized top coal caving support, including sequentially adjacent... n Dust suppression device for coal release on top coal caving supports in fully mechanized top coal caving. n The main water pipes 12 of the dust suppression device of the longwall top coal caving support are connected in sequence, and the main water pipe 12 of the dust suppression component of the longwall top coal caving support at one end is connected to the water supply system; in the dust suppression system, all the first branch water pipes 14 and the second branch water pipes 13 are set at equal intervals along the width direction of the hydraulic support.
[0022] The usage method of Example 1 is as follows: When it is necessary to release coal from a certain top coal caving hydraulic support, the tail beam 4 is retracted to the shield beam 3 to start releasing coal. The released coal is transported out by the rear scraper conveyor 11. At the same time, the first valve 19 and the second valve 20 in the dust suppression component on the top coal caving hydraulic support are opened. The first nozzle 16 sprays downward to suppress dust, reducing the movement of dust forward and forming the first layer of dust blocking, which greatly reduces the dust concentration. The dust that cannot be blocked moves forward, and then the dust curtain 17 forms the second layer of dust blocking. Due to the impact of coal release, the dust curtain 17 will move, and the dust curtain 17 cannot achieve absolute sealing, that is, the dust blocking amount 17 cannot completely block the dust, but only a small amount of dust continues to move forward through the dust blocking amount 17. The second nozzle 15 sprays backward to suppress dust and block the dust from moving forward, thereby preventing the dust from entering below the top beam 2 where the workers are working. This achieves the goal of controlling the dust near the coal release port, so that the dust no longer enters the workers' activity area. There is no need to install nozzles on the top beam and the side plate, which can save water and improve the workers' working environment. Finally, coal discharge is stopped, and the tail beam 4 extends out of the shield beam 3 to block the gangue 18 outside the hydraulic support for top coal discharge. It should be noted that since the dust concentration at the first nozzle 16 is much higher than that at the second nozzle 15, the spray volume at the second nozzle 15 can be controlled to be less than that at the first nozzle 16. This is specifically achieved by controlling the opening degree of the first valve 19 and the second valve 20.
[0023] Example 2
[0024] Based on Embodiment 1, this utility model further provides an intelligent coal release and dust suppression device for a fully mechanized top coal caving support. In addition to the coal release and dust suppression device for a fully mechanized top coal caving support as described in Embodiment 1, it also includes a first fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensor and a second fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensor. The first fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensor is located near the first nozzle 16, and the second fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensor is located near the second nozzle 15, preferably at the lowest point of the second nozzle 15. The first and second fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensors are of model FBG-DC100. In this embodiment, the first valve 19 and the second valve 20 are intrinsically safe intelligent electric ball valves for mining, model Q941F-16C. DN100; the first fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensor and the second fiber Bragg grating dust concentration sensor; the first valve 19 and the second valve 20 are connected to a programmable logic controller (PLC) (Siemens S7-1200 / 1500). The PLC controller sets the spray dust suppression concentration or spray dust suppression pressure corresponding to different dust concentrations; for example, when the dust concentration is less than or equal to 5 mg / m³... 3 When the valve opening is set to 50%, the corresponding nozzle water pressure is 1.6 MPa; when the dust concentration is greater than or equal to 10 mg / m³ 3When the valve opening is set to 80%, the corresponding nozzle water pressure is 3.1 MPa; when the dust concentration is 5~10 mg / m³ 3 When the dust concentration is between 5 mg / m³, set the dust concentration to 5 mg / m³. 3 For every additional 1 mg / m 3 The valve opening is increased in increments of 6% from 50%, and the nozzle water pressure is increased in increments of 0.3 MPa from 1.6 MPa (see Table 1 below for details). The above settings only require inputting the minimum and maximum target dust concentrations, valve opening, and the increments at which the valve is open into the PLC controller interface.
[0025] Table 1. Utility model opening degree and spray dust suppression pressure corresponding to different dust concentrations.
[0026]
[0027] This embodiment also provides an intelligent coal release and dust suppression system for fully mechanized top coal caving supports, comprising sequentially adjacent... n Intelligent coal feeding and dust suppression device for fully mechanized top coal caving supports. n The main water pipes 12 of the intelligent coal feeding and dust suppression device of the fully mechanized top coal caving support are connected in sequence, and the main water pipe 12 of the coal feeding and dust suppression component of the fully mechanized top coal caving support at one end is connected to the water supply system; in the dust suppression system, all the first branch water pipes 14 and the second branch water pipes 13 are set at equal intervals along the width direction of the hydraulic support.
[0028] The usage method of Example 2 is as follows: When it is necessary to release coal from a certain top coal caving hydraulic support, the tail beam 4 is retracted into the shield beam 3 to start releasing coal. The released coal is transported out by the rear scraper conveyor 11. At the same time, the first valve 19 and the second valve 20 in the dust suppression component on the top coal caving hydraulic support are opened. The first nozzle 16 sprays downward to suppress dust, reducing the movement of dust forward and forming the first layer of dust blocking, which greatly reduces the dust concentration. The dust that cannot be blocked moves forward, and then the dust curtain 17 forms the second layer of dust blocking. Due to the impact of coal release, the dust curtain 17 will move, and the dust curtain 17 cannot achieve absolute sealing, that is, the dust blocking amount 17 cannot completely block the dust, but only a small amount of dust continues to move forward through the dust blocking amount 17. The second nozzle 15 sprays backward to suppress dust and block the dust from moving forward, thereby preventing the dust from entering below the top beam 2 where the workers are working. This achieves the goal of controlling the dust near the coal release port, so that the dust no longer enters the workers' activity area. There is no need to install nozzles on the top beam and the side plate, which can save water and improve the workers' working environment. Finally, coal discharge is stopped, and the tail beam 4 is extended beyond the shield beam 3 to block the gangue 18 outside the hydraulic support for top coal discharge. During the coal discharge process, the first fiber optic dust concentration sensor and the second fiber optic dust concentration sensor respectively collect the dust concentration at their respective locations. When the dust concentration does not exceed 5 mg / m³, 3At that time, the valve opening was 50%, and the nozzle water pressure was 1.6 MPa; the dust concentration was equal to or greater than 10 mg / m³. 3 At that time, the valve opening was 80%, and the nozzle water pressure was 3.1 MPa; the dust concentration was 5~10 mg / m³. 3 Between these times, for every 1 mg / m³ increase in dust concentration 3 The valve opening increases in increments of 6%, and the corresponding nozzle water pressure increases in increments of 0.3 MPa.
[0029] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible implementations of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent implementations or modifications made without departing from the spirit of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A fully mechanized top coal caving support coal caving dust falling device, comprising a top coal caving hydraulic support and a dust falling assembly; characterized in that, The dust suppression assembly includes a main water pipe arranged along the width of the hydraulic support in the middle of the shield beam; a first branch water pipe extending rearward from the main water pipe along the length of the shield beam; a first valve at the front of the first branch water pipe and first nozzles spaced apart at the rear of the first branch water pipe, with the first nozzles spraying downwards; a second branch water pipe extending vertically downwards from the main water pipe; a second valve and a second nozzle arranged on the second branch water pipe, with the second nozzle spraying backwards; and a dust curtain vertically arranged in the middle and rear part of the shield beam.
2. The coal caving and dust falling device of the fully mechanized top coal caving support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top coal caving hydraulic support includes a shield beam, a tail beam, a front connecting rod, and a rear connecting rod. The rear end of the front connecting rod is connected to the front middle part of the shield beam, and the rear end of the rear connecting rod is connected to the middle part of the shield beam. The front ends of the front and rear connecting rods are connected to a base. A hydraulic column is installed on the base, and a top beam is connected to the top of the hydraulic column. The front end of the top beam is connected to the rear end of the front beam, and the rear end is connected to the front end of the shield beam. A tail beam is slidably installed inside the rear end of the shield beam. A rear scraper conveyor is installed below the rear end of the shield beam and the tail beam.
3. The dust suppression device for longwall top coal caving supports according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main water pipeline is located at the lower part of the connection between the rear connecting rod and the protective beam.
4. The dust suppression device for top coal caving supports in fully mechanized mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first branch water pipe has two paths, and the second branch water pipe has two paths, corresponding to the positions of the two first branch water pipes respectively.
5. The dust suppression device for longwall top coal caving supports according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first nozzle is located at the rear end of the shield beam, adjacent to the front of the rear scraper conveyor.
6. The dust suppression device for longwall top coal caving supports according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The first nozzle is set in two at intervals, a second valve is set at the top of the second branch water pipe, and three second nozzles are set at intervals in height.
7. The dust suppression device for longwall top coal caving supports according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening degrees of the first valve and the second valve are adjustable, and the dust curtain can be rolled up.
8. A dust suppression system for longwall top coal caving supports, characterized in that, Including adjacent ones n The dust suppression device for longwall top coal caving supports as described in any one of claims 1-7 n The main water pipelines of the top coal caving support dust suppression device are connected sequentially, with the last end connected to the water supply system.