A self-wrapping safety and explosion-proof lamp with air pressure sensing

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of air pressure response self-wrapping type safety explosion-proof luminaire, including explosion-proof shell, light source module, phase-change heat dissipation system, flow guide component, light beam control structure and protection structure. Phase-change heat dissipation system is constituted heat cycle loop by the heat storage unit of encapsulation gas-liquid phase change working medium and heat conduction structure, and heat is conducted to shell outside;The drive mechanism of flow guide component changes the deflection movement of flow guide vane into the internal pressure change of heat storage unit;Light beam control structure controls prism array deformation by thermal responsive material layer, and when heat conduction temperature exceeds threshold value, make light beam by focusing into scattering;Protection structure includes cover shell, air pressure response piston and guide rail, and when the overpressure in shell is triggered buckle unlocking, cover is along guide rail sliding and wraps explosion-proof shell. The utility model fuses phase-change heat transfer, intelligent flow guide, optical control and double-layer explosion-proof design, with the advantages of efficient heat dissipation and safe and reliable, the stability and safety of luminaire are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of lighting technology, and relates to an explosion-proof lamp for engineering use, and more particularly to a pressure-sensitive self-enclosed safety explosion-proof lamp. Background Technology

[0002] Explosion-proof lights are used in hazardous locations where flammable gases and dust may be present. They prevent potential arcs, sparks, and high temperatures generated inside the lamp from igniting flammable gases and dust in the surrounding environment, thus meeting explosion-proof requirements. Due to their application characteristics, explosion-proof lights are commonly used in special fields such as public security, fire protection, military, power, railway, petroleum, and chemical industries.

[0003] Due to the complex working environments, such as mines and flour mills, traditional explosion-proof lights often rely on passive heat dissipation (e.g., metal fins) or forced air cooling. This makes it difficult to quickly dissipate the heat generated by the high heat flux density of the light source in a sealed, explosion-proof environment, easily leading to overheating of the light source module and shortening its lifespan. Furthermore, their cooling systems cannot adjust their cooling capacity in real time according to temperature changes; for example, the airflow structure of air-cooled lights is fixed and difficult to match the cooling requirements under different working conditions. Existing explosion-proof lights rely heavily on mechanical switches or electronic sensors for beam control, which have delayed response in high-temperature faults and lack a physical-level thermal triggering scattering mechanism. This poses a risk of beam focusing exacerbating localized overheating. Therefore, traditional explosion-proof lights lack coordination between heat dissipation, explosion protection, and light control modules, resulting in low collaborative efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a pressure-sensitive self-enclosing safety explosion-proof lamp, which addresses the above-mentioned defects in the existing technology.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A pressure-sensitive self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp includes: an explosion-proof housing with an internal cavity;

[0007] A light source module is disposed in the accommodating cavity;

[0008] The phase change heat dissipation system includes a phase change heat storage unit disposed within the explosion-proof housing and a heat-conducting structure surrounding the light source module. The phase change heat storage unit encapsulates a gas-liquid phase change working fluid and a thermal circulation loop with the heat-conducting structure. The phase change heat storage unit transfers the heat of the light source module to the outside of the explosion-proof housing through gas-liquid phase change.

[0009] The flow guiding assembly includes flow guiding blades disposed outside the explosion-proof housing and a drive mechanism connected to the phase change thermal storage unit, wherein the drive mechanism can convert the pressure change inside the phase change thermal storage unit into mechanical displacement to adjust the spatial orientation of the flow guiding blades.

[0010] The beam control structure includes a thermally responsive material layer coupled to the thermally conductive structure and a prism array embedded therein, wherein:

[0011] The deformation temperature T1 of the thermally responsive material layer is higher than the rated operating temperature T2 of the light source module but lower than its safe temperature threshold T3.

[0012] The temperature conducted by the heat-conducting structure is T4. When T4 is less than T1, the prism array maintains the preset prism arrangement to focus the light beam. When T4 is greater than T1, the thermally responsive material layer shrinks due to heat, the spacing between adjacent prisms in the prism array decreases and / or the prism surface undergoes buckling deformation, causing the light beam to change from a focused state to a scattered state.

[0013] The protective structure includes an outer housing, a pressure-sensing piston, and a guide rail structure. The outer housing is connected to the explosion-proof housing via the guide rail structure. The pressure-sensing piston is disposed inside the outer housing and the explosion-proof housing, and a buckle is provided at the guide rail structure to limit the explosion-proof housing to an initial position. When the pressure received by the pressure-sensing piston exceeds a threshold, the buckle separates from the outer housing, and the outer housing slides along the guide rail structure to wrap around the explosion-proof housing.

[0014] Preferably, the phase change thermal storage unit includes a sealed shell and an evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber disposed therein. The evaporation chamber is tightly connected to the heat-conducting structure, and the condensation chamber extends to the outer wall of the explosion-proof shell. After the liquid phase change working fluid in the evaporation chamber is heated and evaporated, it enters the condensation chamber and condenses into a liquid, releasing heat. The liquid phase change working fluid returns to the evaporation chamber through the reflux channel.

[0015] Preferably, the thermally conductive structure includes a thermally conductive substrate and a conductive core. The surface of the thermally conductive substrate is attached to the light source module, and the conductive core is disposed on the thermally conductive substrate. The conductive core has a three-dimensional interconnected mesh structure inside, and the thermally conductive substrate is connected to the evaporation cavity through a heat pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the aperture of the conductive core decreases from the side furthest from the light source module to the side closest to it, and the surface of the conductive core is provided with a working fluid guide groove to guide the liquefied phase change working fluid backflow. In the initial state, at least part of the structure of the gas-liquid phase change working fluid is located in the evaporation chamber, and the remaining part of the structure is located in the mesh structure.

[0017] Preferably, the outer wall of the condensation cavity is provided with a radially extending array of heat dissipation fins, the fins extending in a direction that is not parallel to the axial direction of the explosion-proof housing, the heat dissipation fin array being distributed in a gradient along the axial direction of the condensation cavity, and the fin density increasing from the side closest to the explosion-proof housing outwards, wherein the fin surface of the heat dissipation fin array is provided with a groove structure.

[0018] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a pressure sensing membrane and a crank-slider mechanism linked thereto. The pressure sensing membrane generates axial displacement in response to changes in vapor pressure within the phase change thermal storage unit, which is converted into rotational motion by the crank-slider mechanism, driving the guide vanes to deflect around their axis. The deflection direction of the guide vanes has a specific angle with the fin extension direction of the heat dissipation fin array. When the vaporization pressure of the gas-liquid phase change working fluid increases, the deflection of the guide vanes guides the airflow to flow along the direction of the groove structure.

[0019] Preferably, the number of guide vanes is set to multiple groups, which are spaced a certain distance apart from each other. The multiple groups of guide vanes are connected to the crank-slider mechanism through a linkage rod. The crank-slider mechanism drives the multiple groups of guide vanes to deflect synchronously by rotating.

[0020] Preferably, the drive mechanism is provided with a damping buffer device, which includes a pressure chamber connected to the phase change thermal storage unit, an output rod connected to the guide vane, and a throttling structure disposed in the pressure chamber. When the internal pressure of the phase change thermal storage unit changes, the air pressure in the pressure chamber drives the output rod to move, and the deflection motion of the guide vane is controlled by the damping effect of the throttling structure.

[0021] Preferably, the prism array is provided with an anti-adhesion structure, which includes protrusions and an anti-adhesion coating on the contact surfaces of adjacent prisms. When the thermally responsive material layer shrinks due to heat, reducing the prism spacing, the protrusions are used to restrict the movement of adjacent prisms so that subsequent prisms can be reset.

[0022] Preferably, the explosion-proof housing includes a light source cavity, a buffer cavity, and an explosion-proof barrier. The light source cavity is used to house the light source module, and the buffer cavity is used to house the phase change heat dissipation system, the flow guiding component, and part of the beam control structure.

[0023] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0024] This invention achieves efficient heat conduction through a phase change heat dissipation system (gas-liquid phase change working fluid circulation), and automatically optimizes the airflow path with a dynamic flow guiding component (pressure-driven flow guide blade deflection), significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency. Simultaneously, it employs a temperature-sensitive beam control structure (thermally responsive material layer and prism array linkage) to actively switch the beam from focused to scattered when overheated, avoiding the risk of localized high temperatures. The explosion-proof housing, through its compartmentalized isolation design (light source cavity, buffer cavity, and explosion-proof barrier) and the non-contact heat transfer characteristics of phase change heat dissipation, fundamentally eliminates the possibility of explosion propagation. Further optimizations in details such as the gradient grid of the conductive core, the grooved structure of the heat dissipation fins, and the anti-adhesion prism array further ensure the system's reliability and long lifespan in high-temperature and flammable environments. The protective structure can monitor the gas pressure inside the explosion-proof housing and, in case of abnormal pressure, enclose the explosion-proof housing within the outer casing, forming double-layer protection to suppress explosion leakage. This comprehensive approach achieves synergistic optimization of heat dissipation performance, safety protection, and adaptive adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a front view of a pressure-sensitive self-wrapping safety explosion-proof lamp according to this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of a pressure-sensitive self-enclosing safety explosion-proof lamp of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pressure-sensitive self-enclosing explosion-proof safety lamp according to this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the crank-slider mechanism and guide vanes of a pressure-sensitive self-enclosing explosion-proof safety lamp according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the explosion-proof housing and protective structure of a pressure-sensitive self-enclosing explosion-proof safety lamp according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the buckle of a pressure-sensitive self-wrapping explosion-proof safety lamp according to this utility model.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the damping buffer device and the air pressure sensing membrane of a pressure-sensitive self-enclosing safety explosion-proof lamp according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the light source module of a pressure-sensitive self-enclosing explosion-proof safety lamp according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the phase change heat storage unit of a pressure-sensitive self-enclosed safety explosion-proof lamp according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the conductive core of a pressure-sensitive self-enclosing explosion-proof safety lamp according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the beam control structure of a pressure-sensitive self-enclosing explosion-proof safety lamp according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 This diagram shows the positional relationship between the beam control structure and the phase change heat dissipation system of a pressure-sensitive self-enclosing explosion-proof safety lamp according to this utility model.

[0037] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 1. Explosion-proof housing; 101. Receptacle; 102. Light source cavity; 103. Buffer cavity; 104. Explosion-proof barrier; 2. Light source module; 3. Phase change heat dissipation system; 301. Phase change heat storage unit; 302. Thermally conductive structure; 303. Sealed housing; 304. Evaporation cavity; 305. Condensation cavity; 306. Return channel; 307. Thermally conductive substrate; 308. Conductive core; 309. Mesh structure; 310. Heat pipe; 311. Working fluid guide channel; 312. Heat dissipation fin array; 313. Groove structure; 4. 401. Flow guiding assembly; 402. Flow guiding blade; 403. Drive mechanism; 404. Pressure sensing membrane; 405. Crank-slider mechanism; 406. Linkage rod; 407. Damping buffer device; 408. Pressure chamber; 409. Output rod; 4000. Throttling structure; 5. Beam control structure; 501. Thermally responsive material layer; 502. Prism array; 503. Anti-adhesion structure; 504. Protrusion; 505. Anti-adhesion coating; 6. Protective structure; 601. Outer housing; 602. Pressure sensing piston; 603. Guide rail structure; 604. Buckle. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0039] Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] As attached Figures 1 to 12 The illustrated air pressure sensing self-enclosed safety explosion-proof lamp includes an explosion-proof housing 1, with an internal accommodating cavity 101.

[0042] Light source module 2 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 101;

[0043] The phase change heat dissipation system 3 includes a phase change heat storage unit 301 disposed inside the explosion-proof housing 1 and a heat conduction structure 302 surrounding the light source module 2. The phase change heat storage unit 301 encapsulates a gas-liquid phase change working fluid and a heat circulation loop with the heat conduction structure 302. The phase change heat storage unit 301 transfers the heat of the light source module 2 to the outside of the explosion-proof housing 1 through gas-liquid phase change.

[0044] The flow guiding assembly 4 includes a flow guiding blade 401 disposed outside the explosion-proof housing 1 and a drive mechanism 402 connected to the phase change thermal storage unit 301. The drive mechanism 402 can convert the pressure change inside the phase change thermal storage unit 301 into mechanical displacement to adjust the spatial orientation of the flow guiding blade 401.

[0045] The beam control structure 5 includes a thermally responsive material layer 501 coupled to the thermally conductive structure 302 and a prism array 502 embedded therein, wherein:

[0046] The deformation temperature T1 of the thermally responsive material layer 501 is higher than the rated operating temperature T2 of the light source module 2 and lower than its safe temperature threshold T3.

[0047] The temperature conducted by the heat-conducting structure 302 is T4. When T4 is less than T1, the prism array 502 maintains the preset prism arrangement to focus the light beam. When T4 is greater than T1, the thermally responsive material layer 501 shrinks due to heat, the spacing between adjacent prisms of the prism array 502 decreases and / or the prism surface undergoes buckling deformation, causing the light beam to change from a focused state to a scattered state.

[0048] The explosion-proof housing 1 adopts a multi-layer composite explosion-proof design. Its internal accommodating cavity 101 is divided into a light source cavity 102 and a buffer cavity 103 by a high-strength explosion-proof structure. The inner wall of the light source cavity 102 is provided with a high-reflectivity functional layer, matching the optical output characteristics of the light source module 2, and also integrating a thermal expansion compensation mechanism to prevent temperature deformation from affecting the optical path. The explosion-proof barrier 104 adopts a composite structure of microporous pressure relief and metal mesh attenuation, and is located within the buffer cavity 103, serving as an isolation barrier between the light source cavity 102 and the external environment, effectively isolating explosions and fire.

[0049] The light source module 2 is fixed at the center of the light source cavity 102 by a three-dimensional adjustment bracket. Its power supply line is connected to the intelligent power distribution system of the buffer cavity 103 using explosion-proof connectors. The module substrate and the heat-conducting substrate 307 of the heat-conducting structure 302 achieve zero-gap thermal coupling through a liquid metal interface material to ensure efficient heat dissipation. The light source module 2 includes a light source end and a power supply end. The power supply end is used to supply power to the light source end. A separation structure is set between the two, so that in the event of an accidental explosion and fire at the light source end, the fire can be effectively isolated, preventing flames from escaping from the explosion-proof housing 1, thus improving safety and stability. The separation structure will not affect the heat transfer of the light source module 2.

[0050] The phase change heat dissipation system 3 consists of a phase change heat storage unit 301 and a heat conduction structure 302. The heat conduction structure 302 adopts a tree-like fractal layout, and its heat conduction substrate 307 is closely attached to the light source module 2 for heat exchange. The overall shape of the heat conduction substrate 307 can be an irregular structure to better fit the light source module 2. The gas-liquid phase change working fluid can be hydrofluoric acid ether, water, or a water-ethanol mixture, etc. The gradient porous structure of the conductive core 308 forms a capillary pressure difference, driving the phase change working fluid to directional circulation. The liquefied working fluid near the light source module 2 absorbs heat and vaporizes, thereby reducing the temperature of the light source module 2. The vaporized working fluid enters the condensation chamber 305 and the extended heat dissipation fin array 312, and after heat exchange, it condenses and returns to the evaporation chamber 304 through the return channel 306, forming a closed-loop thermal cycle. When the heat from the light source is conducted to the evaporation chamber 304, the working fluid vaporizes and releases heat in the condensation chamber 305. It then exchanges heat with the outside through the heat dissipation fin array 312, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect on the light source module 2.

[0051] The guide vanes 401 of the flow guiding assembly 4 are dynamically deflected by the drive mechanism 402. The drive mechanism 402 includes a pressure sensing diaphragm 403 and a crank-slider mechanism 404, which can convert the change in vapor pressure of the phase change thermal storage unit 301 into vane angle adjustment. When the system temperature rises, the vapor pressure pushes the pressure sensing diaphragm 403 to move, which drives the guide vanes 401 to deflect through the crank-slider mechanism 404. The number of guide vanes 401 can be set to multiple sets, so that the vanes guide the gas one-to-one or one-to-many pairs of heat dissipation fins, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. The linkage 405 is connected to the crank-slider mechanism 404 by means of gears or hinges, thereby fixing multiple guide vanes 401 into a whole for synchronous deflection. The damping buffer device 406, through the synergistic effect of the air pressure chamber 407 and the throttling structure 409, ensures that the guide vane 401 moves smoothly without impact. The setting of the guide assembly 4 facilitates the adjustment of the deflection direction of the guide vane 401 by using steam pressure. The purpose of the deflection direction is to guide the external airflow along the heat dissipation fin array 312, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0052] The beam control structure 5 is based on thermally deformable intelligent materials. The deformation temperature T1 of its thermally responsive material layer 501 is set between the rated temperature T2 and the safety threshold T3 of the light source module 2. The prism array 502 embedded in the thermally responsive material layer 501 maintains precise arrangement under normal conditions (T4 < T1), focusing the light beam to meet the lighting requirements. When the temperature rises (T4 > T1), the thermally responsive material layer 501 shrinks, resulting in a decrease in the prism spacing. At the same time, controllable buckling deformation occurs on the prism surface, and the light beam changes from focusing to scattering. The anti-sticking structure 503 ensures the complete reset of the prism after deformation through the synergistic effect of the bumps 504 and the anti-sticking coating 505. The beam control structure (5) realizes temperature-adaptive dynamic adjustment of the light beam through the synergistic effect of the thermally responsive material layer 501 and the prism array 502: during normal operation, it maintains a focused light beam to provide efficient lighting. When the lamp overheats (T4 ≥ T1), the thermally responsive material layer 501 shrinks, forcing the prism spacing to decrease or causing buckling deformation, automatically switching to a scattering state, thereby reducing the local heat density and expanding the heat dissipation area to prevent safety hazards caused by high temperatures. The advantages are passive triggering (without external control), fast response (precisely matching the temperature threshold), and reliable reset (anti-sticking design), which not only ensures the intrinsic safety in the explosion-proof environment but also optimizes the balance between heat dissipation and energy efficiency;

[0053] The protection structure 6 includes an outer cover housing 601, a pneumatic induction piston 602, a guide rail structure 603, and a buckle 604. The inner diameter of the outer cover housing 601 is larger than the outer wall diameter of the explosion-proof housing 1. Moreover, the setting of the outer cover housing 601 does not affect the heat dissipation fin array 312 and the guide vane 401. An insulating coating is provided on the inner wall of the outer cover housing 601 for fire isolation, and a positioning fluorescent strip is provided on the outer side of the housing to facilitate alignment during post-explosion means reset;

[0054] The pneumatic induction piston 602 converts the internal air pressure change of the explosion-proof housing 1 into a linear displacement, thereby triggering the buckle 604. The pneumatic induction piston 602 uses a dual-threshold trigger to unlock. The first-level trigger (low pressure): a slight displacement of the piston triggers an alarm signal (such as a warning light flashing); the second-level trigger (high pressure): the piston completely unlocks the buckle 604, and the buckle 604 is completely separated from the outer cover housing 601. The outer cover housing 601 wraps the explosion-proof housing 1, and a buzzer alarm is provided at the buckle 604. When the buckle 604 is separated from the outer cover housing 601, the buzzer alarm gives an alarm in the form of sound.

[0055] The protective structure 6 achieves intelligent switching between dynamic explosion protection and efficient heat dissipation through an innovative design that triggers the sliding closure of the outer cover by air pressure sensing: under normal conditions, a heat dissipation channel is formed between the outer cover and the shell, and the airflow is optimized by the guide vanes 401; during an explosion, the internal air pressure rises sharply, triggering the buckle to unlock, and the outer cover slides to form a double-layer protective barrier. Its purely mechanical triggering mechanism does not require external energy, and its reliability and maintainability are ensured by a self-resetting guide rail and a multi-level buffer design. At the same time, it works seamlessly with the original heat dissipation and airflow guidance system of the lamp, providing dual safety guarantees of active protection and passive explosion isolation in extreme environments.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Based on Embodiment 1, the solution in Embodiment 1 will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific working method, such as... Figures 1 to 12 As shown below, see details:

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the phase change thermal storage unit 301 includes a sealed housing 303 and an evaporation chamber 304 and a condensation chamber 305 disposed therein. The evaporation chamber 304 is tightly connected to the heat-conducting structure 302, and the condensation chamber 305 extends to the outer wall of the explosion-proof housing 1. After the liquid phase change working fluid in the evaporation chamber 304 is heated and evaporated, it enters the condensation chamber 305 and condenses into a liquid, releasing heat. The liquid phase change working fluid returns to the evaporation chamber 304 through the reflux channel 306. Furthermore, the sealed housing 303 adopts a multi-layer composite explosion-proof structure design to set the evaporation chamber 304 and the condensation chamber 305 independently from the explosion-proof housing 1. The purpose of this design is to ensure that the gas-liquid phase change working fluid will not leak during the evaporation and condensation process, and that the internal pressure increases during evaporation and vaporization. The sealed housing 303 can withstand pressure fluctuations well, avoiding direct pressure action on the explosion-proof housing 1, resulting in higher stability and safety. The reflux channel 306 adopts a biomimetic capillary structure design and is coated with a superhydrophilic coating to facilitate the reflux of the phase change working fluid. After the phase change working fluid is heated and vaporized in the evaporation chamber 304, the vapor enters the condensation chamber 305 through the flow channel. After efficient heat exchange with the external environment on the outer wall of the condensation chamber 305, it liquefies. Under the action of capillary force, the liquid working fluid returns to the evaporation chamber 304 along the reflux channel 306, forming a closed loop. The entire phase change thermal storage unit 301 achieves the characteristics of rapid response, efficient heat transfer and stable operation through multi-physics field collaborative design, meeting the stringent requirements of explosion-proof lighting fixtures for the heat dissipation system.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the heat-conducting structure 302 includes a heat-conducting substrate 307 and a conductive core 308. The surface of the heat-conducting substrate 307 is attached to the light source module 2, and the conductive core 308 is disposed on the heat-conducting substrate 307. The conductive core 308 has a three-dimensional interconnected mesh structure 309 formed inside it. The heat-conducting substrate 307 is connected to the evaporation chamber 304 via a heat pipe 310. Furthermore, the heat-conducting substrate 307 is made of a special composite material and is precision-machined to ensure close contact with the light source module 2, forming a primary heat-conducting layer, thereby improving the heat exchange effect. The light source module 2 includes a light source end and a power supply end. The heat-conducting substrate 307 can have an irregular shape to ensure close contact with the light source module 2. For heat exchange, the three-dimensional mesh structure 309 of the conductive core 308 exhibits a gradient change, and its surface undergoes special treatment to enhance the wettability of the working fluid and the heat exchange efficiency. The conductive core 308 is encased in a U-shaped or cage-like structure within the heat-conducting substrate 307 and the light source module 2 to form a secondary heat-conducting layer. The heat pipe 310 adopts an innovative internal structure design, combined with a high-performance phase change working fluid, to achieve maximum heat transfer capacity within a compact space. Seamless thermal coupling is achieved between the components through optimized connection technology. The entire system is optimized through a carefully designed heat flow path, enabling it to quickly respond to changes in heat load and achieve uniform heat distribution. It maintains stable heat dissipation performance during long-term use, fully meeting the stringent requirements of explosion-proof lighting systems for efficient heat dissipation and reliability.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the pore size of the conductive core 308 decreases from the side furthest from the light source module 2 to the side closest to it. The surface of the conductive core 308 is provided with working fluid guide grooves 311 to guide the liquefied phase change working fluid backflow. Initially, at least a portion of the gas-liquid phase change working fluid is located within the evaporation chamber 304, and the remaining portion is located within the mesh structure 309. Furthermore, the conductive core 308 is made of a gradient porous metal material, with the pore size gradually decreasing from 500 μm furthest from the light source side to 100 μm closest to the light source side, and the porosity correspondingly decreasing from 60% to 30%, forming a capillary pressure gradient. The purpose of this arrangement is that the pore size is smaller on the side closest to the light source, and the small-pore mesh structure 309 generates… Stronger capillary force actively adsorbs and liquefies the working fluid, causing it to flow back to the high-temperature zone (near the light source), while the vapor naturally flows towards the large-aperture side (low-pressure zone), thus forming a directional circulation that facilitates heat exchange. The working fluid guide channel 311 is designed as a spiral microgroove structure, and its surface is treated with a superhydrophilic coating to ensure a contact angle of less than 10 degrees. The working fluid guide channel 311 ensures that there is always liquefied working fluid within the pores of the grid structure 309 near the light source, preventing dry burning. The working fluid distribution in the evaporation chamber 304 and the grid structure 309 is optimized through computational fluid dynamics to ensure that, under the combined effect of gravity, capillary force, and vapor pressure, the liquid working fluid can quickly flow back to the evaporation area along the working fluid guide channel 311. The entire system can ensure stable working fluid circulation and has high heat transfer efficiency.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the condensation cavity 305 is provided with a radially extending heat dissipation fin array 312. The fins extend in a direction that is not parallel to the axial direction of the explosion-proof housing 1. The heat dissipation fin array 312 is spirally arranged around the explosion-proof housing 1, and the pitch decreases from the light source side of the explosion-proof housing 1 to the non-light source side. The fins of the heat dissipation fin array 312 are inclined, and their surfaces are provided with groove structures 313. Furthermore, the heat dissipation fin array 312 is spirally arranged around the explosion-proof housing 1. The spiral arrangement ensures that the condensation cavity 305 is in full contact with the heat dissipation fin array 312, avoiding local heat accumulation. The spiral structure can prolong the airflow contact time, enhance turbulence, and expand the heat dissipation area, achieving uniform heat dissipation in a limited space. The inclined design reduces wind resistance through directional airflow guidance and works in conjunction with the guide vanes 401 to control the airflow direction and prevent hot air backflow. The combination of the two can improve heat dissipation efficiency, while also having the advantages of anti-dust accumulation and natural convection optimization, making it particularly suitable for the high safety requirements and space constraints of explosion-proof lighting fixtures. The groove structure 313 can further improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the driving mechanism 402 includes a pressure-sensing membrane 403 and a crank-slider mechanism 404 linked thereto. The pressure-sensing membrane 403 generates axial displacement in response to changes in vapor pressure within the phase change thermal storage unit 301, which is converted into rotational motion by the crank-slider mechanism 404, driving the guide vanes 401 to deflect around their axis. The deflection direction of the guide vanes 401 has a specific angle with the fin extension direction of the heat dissipation fin array 312. When the vaporization pressure of the gas-liquid phase change working fluid increases, the deflection of the guide vanes 401 guides the airflow along the direction of the groove structure 313. Furthermore, the pressure-sensing membrane 403 adopts a multi-layer composite structure, including a polyimide-based membrane, a carbon nanotube conductive layer, and a metal reinforcing mesh, with a thickness of 0.01 mm / s. With a sensitivity of MPa and a fatigue life of over 100,000 cycles, the crank-slider mechanism 404 incorporates a precision linear guide and a double eccentric wheel design, amplifying and converting the linear displacement of the pressure sensing diaphragm 403 into a rotational angle output of 30-90 degrees. A magnetorheological fluid damper is installed at the shaft of the guide vane 401, which can adjust the rotational resistance in real time according to the rate of change of air pressure, ensuring smooth and shock-free movement. When the system pressure varies within the range of 0.1-0.8 MPa, the guide vane 401 can automatically maintain an optimal guide angle of 15-75 degrees with the heat dissipation fins, causing the airflow to form turbulence along the groove structure 313, resulting in high heat dissipation efficiency, while keeping airflow noise below 65 decibels. The entire drive system uses pressure-angle closed-loop control with a response time of less than 200 ms, meeting the requirements of explosion-proof lighting fixtures for rapid heat dissipation adjustment.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the number of guide vanes 401 is set in multiple groups, spaced apart from each other at a certain distance. The multiple groups of guide vanes 401 are connected to the crank-slider mechanism 404 via a connecting rod 405. The crank-slider mechanism 404 rotates, thereby driving the multiple groups of guide vanes 401 to deflect synchronously. Furthermore, the multiple groups of guide vanes 401 can improve the heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation fin array 312. The spaced arrangement at a certain distance can simultaneously guide the gas flow to the heat dissipation fins at different positions, thereby effectively improving the heat dissipation capacity of the heat dissipation fin array 312. The connecting rod 405 includes a rod body and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is the core structure connected to the crank center structure of the crank-slider mechanism 404. The two are connected by gear meshing or a chain. When the crank rotates, the rotating shaft rotates synchronously. The rotating shaft is located at the center of the rod body. When the rotating shaft rotates, the rod body deflects, thereby driving the guide vanes 401 to deflect as a whole, thereby adjusting the guiding direction and angle to facilitate heat dissipation.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the drive mechanism 402 is provided with a damping buffer device 406. The damping buffer device 406 includes a pressure chamber 407 communicating with the phase change thermal storage unit 301, an output rod 408 connected to the guide vane 401, and a throttling structure 409 disposed in the pressure chamber 407. When the internal pressure of the phase change thermal storage unit 301 changes, the air pressure in the pressure chamber 407 pushes the output rod 408 to move. The damping effect of the throttling structure 409 controls the deflection motion of the guide vane 401. Furthermore, the pressure chamber 407 is integrally formed from high-strength aluminum alloy, and the inner wall is anodized to form a wear-resistant layer. It is also provided with a spiral guide groove to optimize airflow distribution. A fast-response pressure sensor and a temperature compensation module are respectively provided at both ends of the chamber for real-time... The system monitors internal operating conditions. The output rod 408 adopts a hollow titanium alloy structure with integrated displacement feedback fiber optics and an external PTFE wear-resistant layer. The connection between the rod and the guide vane 401 uses a universal joint structure. The throttling structure 409 consists of an adjustable cone valve and a multi-stage damping orifice plate. The cone valve is driven by a shape memory alloy to achieve adaptive opening adjustment, and the damping orifice plate adopts a gradient aperture design to form a progressive damping effect. The entire damping buffer device 406 is intelligently adjusted through a digital hydraulic control system. It can automatically adjust the damping coefficient according to the pressure change rate of the phase change working fluid and the movement speed of the guide vane 401, maintaining stable buffering performance within the working pressure range. The response time is controlled within 80ms. It also has an overpressure protection function. When the pressure exceeds the threshold, the position of the output rod 408 is locked to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the system.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the prism array 502 is provided with an anti-adhesion structure 503. The anti-adhesion structure 503 includes protrusions 504 on the contact surfaces of adjacent prisms and an anti-adhesion coating 505. When the thermally responsive material layer 501 shrinks due to heat, reducing the prism spacing, the protrusions 504 restrict the movement of adjacent prisms to facilitate subsequent prism repositioning. Furthermore, the anti-adhesion structure 503 prevents adjacent prisms from sticking together, thereby preventing optical performance degradation and thermal management runaway risks. The anti-adhesion structure 503 includes a dual protection mechanism of physical limiting mechanism and chemical protective coating. In terms of physical positioning, the bumps 504 are precision-machined from high-hardness silicon nitride ceramic material and are evenly distributed in a pyramid-shaped array on the prism contact surface. Each bump 504 has a nano-level lubrication groove on its top. In terms of chemical protection, the anti-stick coating 505 is a multi-layer composite structure, consisting of a bottom tungsten carbide transition layer, a middle molybdenum disulfide lubrication layer, and a surface fluorocarbon polymer hydrophobic layer, which are sequentially deposited and formed by magnetron sputtering. In addition, the anti-sticking structure 503 also includes a temperature-responsive micro-spring assembly, which automatically provides reverse support force when the prism spacing reaches a critical value, effectively preventing prism adhesion.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the explosion-proof housing 1 includes a light source cavity 102, a buffer cavity 103, and an explosion-proof barrier 104. The light source cavity 102 houses the light source module 2, and the buffer cavity 103 houses the phase change heat dissipation system 3, the flow guiding component 4, and part of the beam control structure 5. Furthermore, the explosion-proof barrier 104 is located within the buffer cavity 103 and employs a multi-layer composite structure design, including a ceramic heat insulation layer, a metal mesh attenuation layer, and a microporous pressure relief membrane, integrally formed through a sintering process. The inner wall of the light source cavity 102 is coated with a high-reflectivity nano-coating and integrates a temperature-deformation self-compensation mechanism to prevent thermal expansion. The optical path deflection caused by the buffer cavity 103 is designed as a multi-stage eddy current guiding structure. Its inner surface is arranged with a hybrid heat dissipation array of phase change energy storage units and thermoelectric cooling chips arranged alternately. The heat dissipation mode is dynamically adjusted by an intelligent control system. An adaptive explosion-proof filter element is set at the interface between the buffer cavity 103 and the outside. The composite filter material is made of shape memory alloy skeleton. Under normal conditions, the gas exchange is unobstructed. When subjected to high temperature impact, the pore structure is automatically adjusted. The explosion-proof shell 1 adopts a mechanical optimization design as a whole. A gradient intensity transition zone is formed between the light source cavity 102 and the buffer cavity 103 to achieve graded dissipation of explosion energy and synergistic optimization of heat dissipation efficiency.

[0067] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.

[0068] Secondly, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this utility model only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this utility model. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0069] Finally, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pressure-sensing self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp, characterized in that, include: The explosion-proof housing (1) has an internal cavity (101). The light source module (2) is disposed in the accommodating cavity (101); The phase change heat dissipation system (3) includes a phase change heat storage unit (301) disposed in the explosion-proof housing (1) and a heat conduction structure (302) surrounding the light source module (2). The phase change heat storage unit (301) contains a gas-liquid phase change working fluid and a heat circulation loop of the heat conduction structure (302). The phase change heat storage unit (301) transfers the heat of the light source module (2) to the outside of the explosion-proof housing (1) through gas-liquid phase change. The flow guiding assembly (4) includes a flow guiding blade (401) disposed outside the explosion-proof housing (1) and a drive mechanism (402) connected to the phase change thermal storage unit (301). The drive mechanism (402) can convert the pressure change inside the phase change thermal storage unit (301) into mechanical displacement to adjust the spatial orientation of the flow guiding blade (401). The beam control structure (5) includes a thermally responsive material layer (501) coupled to the thermally conductive structure (302) and a prism array (502) embedded therein, wherein: The deformation temperature T1 of the thermally responsive material layer (501) is higher than the rated operating temperature T2 of the light source module (2) and lower than its safe temperature threshold T3. The temperature conducted by the heat-conducting structure (302) is T4. When T4 is less than T1, the prism array (502) maintains the preset prism arrangement to focus the beam. When T4 is greater than T1, the thermally responsive material layer (501) shrinks due to heat, the spacing between adjacent prisms of the prism array (502) decreases and / or the prism surface undergoes buckling deformation, causing the beam to change from a focused state to a scattered state. The protective structure (6) includes an outer housing (601), a pressure-sensing piston (602), and a guide rail structure (603). The outer housing (601) is connected to the explosion-proof housing (1) through the guide rail structure (603). The pressure-sensing piston (602) is disposed inside the outer housing (601) and the explosion-proof housing (1). A buckle (604) is provided at the guide rail structure (603) to limit the explosion-proof housing (1) to the initial position. When the air pressure received by the pressure-sensing piston (602) exceeds the threshold, the buckle (604) separates from the outer housing (601), and the outer housing (601) slides along the guide rail structure (603) to wrap the explosion-proof housing (1).

2. The pressure-sensing self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change thermal storage unit (301) includes a sealed shell (303) and an evaporation chamber (304) and a condensation chamber (305) disposed therein. The evaporation chamber (304) is tightly connected to the heat-conducting structure (302). The condensation chamber (305) extends to the outer wall of the explosion-proof shell (1). The liquid phase change working fluid in the evaporation chamber (304) evaporates after being heated and enters the condensation chamber (305) to condense into a liquid and release heat. The liquid phase change working fluid returns to the evaporation chamber (304) through the reflux channel (306).

3. The pressure-sensing self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermally conductive structure (302) includes a thermally conductive substrate (307) and a conductive core (308). The surface of the thermally conductive substrate (307) is attached to the light source module (2). The conductive core (308) is disposed on the thermally conductive substrate (307). A three-dimensional interconnected mesh structure (309) is formed inside the conductive core (308). The thermally conductive substrate (307) is connected to the evaporation chamber (304) through a heat pipe (310).

4. The pressure-sensing self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aperture of the conductive core (308) decreases from the side away from the light source module (2) to the side closer to it. The surface of the conductive core (308) is provided with a working fluid guide groove (311) to guide the liquefied phase change working fluid backflow. In the initial state, at least part of the structure of the gas-liquid phase change working fluid is located in the evaporation chamber (304), and the remaining part is located in the grid structure (309).

5. The pressure-sensing self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the condensation chamber (305) is provided with a radially extending heat dissipation fin array (312), the fin extension direction of which is not parallel to the axial direction of the explosion-proof housing (1). The heat dissipation fin array (312) is arranged in a spiral around the explosion-proof housing (1), and the pitch decreases from the light source side of the explosion-proof housing (1) to the non-light source side. The fins of the heat dissipation fin array (312) are inclined, and the surface of the fin array (312) is provided with a groove structure (313).

6. The pressure-sensing self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp according to claim 5, characterized in that, The driving mechanism (402) includes a pressure sensing membrane (403) and a crank-slider mechanism (404) linked thereto. The pressure sensing membrane (403) generates axial displacement in response to the change of steam pressure in the phase change heat storage unit (301), which is converted into rotational motion by the crank-slider mechanism (404) to drive the guide vane (401) to deflect around its axis. The deflection direction of the guide vane (401) has a specific angle with the fin extension direction of the heat dissipation fin array (312). When the vaporization pressure of the gas-liquid phase change working fluid increases, the guide vane (401) deflects to guide the airflow to flow along the direction of the groove structure (313).

7. The pressure-sensing self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of the guide vanes (401) is set to multiple groups, which are spaced a certain distance apart from each other. The multiple groups of guide vanes (401) are connected to the crank-slider mechanism (404) through the linkage rod (405). The crank-slider mechanism (404) drives the multiple groups of guide vanes (401) to deflect synchronously by rotating.

8. The pressure-sensing self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (402) is provided with a damping buffer device (406). The damping buffer device (406) includes a pressure chamber (407) connected to the phase change heat storage unit (301), an output rod (408) connected to the guide vane (401), and a throttling structure (409) disposed in the pressure chamber (407). When the internal pressure of the phase change heat storage unit (301) changes, the air pressure in the pressure chamber (407) pushes the output rod (408) to move. The deflection motion of the guide vane (401) is controlled by the damping effect of the throttling structure (409).

9. The pressure-sensing self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prism array (502) is provided with an anti-adhesion structure (503), which includes protrusions (504) and an anti-adhesion coating (505) on the contact surfaces of adjacent prisms. When the thermally responsive material layer (501) shrinks due to heat, causing the distance between adjacent prisms to decrease, the protrusions (504) are used to restrict the movement of adjacent prisms so that the prisms can be reset later.

10. The pressure-sensing self-enclosed explosion-proof safety lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof housing (1) includes a light source cavity (102), a buffer cavity (103) and an explosion barrier (104). The light source cavity (102) is used to house the light source module (2), and the buffer cavity (103) is used to house the phase change heat dissipation system (3), the flow guiding component (4) and part of the beam control structure (5).

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