A tractor-driven mower and hay collector

Abstract

This utility model discloses a tractor-driven mower and hay collector, comprising a mower, a suspension system, and a hay collection and tipping truck. The mower is connected to the tractor via the suspension system and has a cover underneath. A speed increaser on the cover increases the tractor's power take-off speed by 2.5-5 times to drive the drum. The combined width of the blades on the drum is greater than the center distance of the hinge seats, resulting in overlapping cuts. An L-shaped guide shield above the cover guides the hay to the hay collection and tipping truck. The truck bed is tipped over and unloaded via a tipping cylinder. A movable screen is linked to the truck bed. This device, through speed increase, overlapping blades, and pneumatic conveying, eliminates the need for a blower, integrates cutting and storage, and is suitable for airports and ranches, offering high efficiency and low consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery or site maintenance equipment technology, specifically a tractor-driven, tractor-mounted, blade-type mechanical device that integrates grass cutting, grass chopping, and forage collection. Background Technology

[0002] Whether it's pasture harvesting or airport lawn maintenance, efficient mowing and collection equipment is essential. Existing swivel mowers, such as the one with authorization number CN206923298U, improve weed control by using a combination of Y-shaped and hoe blades, but they only perform the cutting action, leaving the cut grass scattered on the ground, requiring subsequent manual or additional equipment collection. While the one with authorization number CN219893863U achieves fine grass shredding through a fixed blade assembly, it also lacks a collection structure.

[0003] In existing technologies, the collection of grass clippings usually relies on the delivery of a blower, which requires a corresponding power transmission mechanism. This results in complex equipment structure, reduced reliability, increased energy consumption and operating costs. It also requires a combination of three equipment: a lawnmower, a blower, and a transport vehicle. The coordination efficiency between the equipment is low during operation, and the frequent movement of equipment in areas such as airports can easily cause safety hazards. Therefore, an integrated solution is urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mowing and storage machine suitable for large areas such as ranches and airports. It achieves integrated mowing and storage operations by being driven by a tractor, solving the problems of existing technology relying on exhaust fans and having low collection efficiency in airport applications, and meeting the site maintenance needs of high reliability and low maintenance costs.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A tractor-driven mower and grass collector includes a mower that, unlike existing technologies, comprises a rectangular frame. The front of the rectangular frame is connected to the tractor via a suspension device, the rear is fixed to a grass collection dump truck, and a cover is fixed to the bottom. A speed increaser is fixed on the cover. The input shaft of the speed increaser is connected to the power take-off of the tractor via a transmission shaft, and the output shaft of the speed increaser is connected to a rotating drum. The rotating drum is rotated inside the cover, and its axial direction is orthogonal to the forward direction of the tractor. Multiple rows of blades are evenly arranged circumferentially on the drum wall, and multiple blades are evenly arranged axially in each row. The blades are evenly arranged circumferentially on the rotating drum, and multiple blades are evenly arranged axially in each row. The blades are hinged to the rotating drum via blade holders (110), and the width direction of their blades is consistent with the axial direction of the rotating drum. The sum of the blade widths of two adjacent blades in adjacent rows is greater than the center distance of the corresponding blade holders (110). A guide shield is fixed to the top of the cover, and the upper opening of the guide shield extends to the grass inlet of the grass collection dump truck.

[0007] Furthermore, two upright plates are fixed at the front center of the rectangular frame, and the suspension device includes a cantilever and two suspension cylinders; the rear end of the cantilever, the cylinder body and the drive end of the suspension cylinder are respectively hinged to the upright plate or the cantilever via a pin that is horizontal in the axial direction and perpendicular to the forward direction of the tractor; the two suspension cylinders are supplied with oil through the distribution valve of the tractor's hydraulic system, and their extension and retraction are controlled by the control lever in the cab, realizing stepless adjustment of the mower's working height from 0 to 300 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the overall shape of the flow guide is L-shaped, with its vertical section fixed to the top of the cover and its inclined section extending to the grass inlet of the grass collection tipper. The connection between the vertical section and the inclined section is a rounded transition with a radius of 150-200mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the hay-collecting tipper truck includes a frame with wheels rotatably mounted below it. The rear side of the rectangular frame is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame. The rear end of the frame extends upward to form a hinged bracket. The upper half of the rear baffle of the truck bed is hinged to the hinged bracket by a pin, allowing the truck bed to tip over and unload around the hinge point. A fixed top plate is fixedly mounted on the upper front half of the truck bed, and the front end of the fixed top plate and the front baffle form the hay inlet. A movable mesh plate is hinged to the rear side of the fixed top plate, covering the upper rear half of the truck bed. Forwardly extending swing rods are fixedly mounted on both sides of the movable mesh plate, and the free ends of the swing rods are connected by pins. One end of the hinged connecting rod is connected to the rear end of the frame via a pin; the cylinder bodies of the two tipping cylinders are hinged to the rear end of the frame via pins, and the drive ends are hinged to both sides of the middle of the bucket via pins; the tipping cylinders are supplied with oil through the distribution valve of the tractor's hydraulic system, and their extension and retraction are controlled by the control lever in the cab; when the bucket is tipped over for unloading, the tipping cylinders push the bucket to tilt upwards around the hinged bracket, and at the same time pull the swing arm through the connecting rod, so that the movable mesh plate tilts upwards and opens synchronously; when the bucket is reset, the tipping cylinders retract, causing the bucket to descend, and the connecting rod pushes the swing arm to reset the movable mesh plate and cover the upper rear half of the bucket.

[0010] Furthermore, the speed increaser is a gear speed increaser box, used to increase the output speed of the tractor's power take-off to the working speed of the cutting tool.

[0011] Furthermore, the blade is made of wear-resistant special steel, and its blade surface is twisted 90° to the hinge surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the angle between the inclined section and the vertical section of the flow guide is 100°-120°, and the inner surface of the inclined section is provided with flow guide ribs to guide the hay into the hay collection dump truck along a set trajectory.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable mesh plate is made of metal woven mesh with a mesh size of 5-10mm, and the surface of the mesh plate is treated with anti-static spraying, with a coating resistance value ≤10 Ω. 9Ω, suitable for anti-static scenarios such as airports.

[0014] Furthermore, the working pressure of the suspension cylinder is 12-16MPa, which, in conjunction with the tractor's hydraulic system, enables stepless adjustment of the lawnmower's working height.

[0015] Furthermore, the two ends of the rotating drum are mounted to the cover via self-aligning roller bearings, and a labyrinth seal structure is provided on the outside of the bearings with a sealing gap of 0.2-0.5mm to prevent grass clippings from entering the bearing cavity.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant beneficial technical effects:

[0017] Quiet operation and low failure rate: Abandoning the traditional exhaust fan design, the operating noise is controlled below 75dB, meeting the Civil Aviation Administration's noise standards for airport equipment; at the same time, the number of vulnerable parts of the fan is reduced, and the equipment failure rate is reduced by 40%, avoiding runway maintenance delays caused by equipment failure.

[0018] Zero grass clipping leakage safety guarantee: Through the arc transition design of the sealed grass clipping dump truck and the deflector, combined with the automatic sealing function of the movable mesh plate, the amount of grass clipping leakage is almost zero, effectively preventing grass clipping from entering the runway and causing the risk of aircraft engine ingestion, which meets the airport's stringent safety operation standards.

[0019] Highly efficient mobile operation: Based on the tractor-mounted suspension connection, it can quickly switch to areas such as airport runways and aprons within 10 minutes, improving the operation efficiency by 60% compared to the traditional multi-equipment combination method, meeting the airport's high-frequency, short-time maintenance needs.

[0020] All-terrain dynamic adaptability: Relying on the stable power output of the tractor, it can maintain stable operation in complex terrains such as pastures, hills, wetlands (slope ≤30°) and flat airport sites. The hydraulic suspension device enables stepless adjustment from 0-300mm, expanding the terrain adaptability range by 50%.

[0021] Integrated and efficient operation: The innovative integrated design of mowing, grass collection and transportation reduces two operation links compared to the traditional combination of "mower + fan + transport vehicle", improving the efficiency of pasture grass collection by 80% and airport grass clipping removal by 70%.

[0022] Economical and reliable design: After the structural simplification, the number of core components is reduced by 30%, and the annual maintenance cost is reduced by 50,000 yuan; the pneumatic grass conveying design that combines the blade and the fan saves the independent energy consumption of the exhaust fan, reducing the operating energy consumption by 35%, and is more suitable for long-term continuous operation scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circumferential arrangement of the blades in the rotating drum of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swivel blade of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] In actual operation scenarios, the tractor-driven grass cutter and grass collector of this utility model achieves efficient grass cutting, grass collection and unloading through the coordinated operation of various components. The working principle and implementation process are explained in detail below with specific parameters and operation procedures.

[0028] I. Overall Structure and Connections

[0029] Taking the operation on the grass beside an airport runway as an example, the lawnmower is quickly connected to the tractor via a suspension device 300. Two upright plates 108 at the front center of the rectangular frame 101 serve as key connecting structures. The rear end of the cantilever 301 is hinged to the lower end of the upright plates 108 via a pin with its axis horizontal and perpendicular to the tractor's forward direction, forming a stable swing fulcrum. The cylinder bodies of the two suspension cylinders 302 are hinged to the middle of the upright plates 108, and the drive ends are hinged to both sides of the middle of the cantilever 301. When the driver observes weeds of varying heights on the grass ahead and needs to adjust the working height, they can operate the control lever in the cab. The tractor's hydraulic system supplies oil to the suspension cylinders 302 via a distribution valve. For example, extending the piston rod of the suspension cylinder 302 by 150mm causes the cantilever 301 to swing, raising the working height of the lawnmower 100 from the initial 100mm to 250mm to accommodate weeds of different heights.

[0030] The rectangular frame 101 is securely bolted to the front of the frame 201 of the hay dump truck 200 via high-strength bolts. Wheels 202 are rotatably mounted under the frame 201, ensuring the hay dump truck 200 can move flexibly with the tractor. The rear end of the frame 201 extends upwards to form an articulated bracket, and the upper half of the rear baffle of the bucket 203 is hinged to this bracket via a pin. When the bucket 203 is full of hay and needs to be unloaded, such as in a designated hay collection area at an airport, the driver operates a lever to activate the tipping cylinder 209. The cylinder body of the tipping cylinder 209 is hinged to the rear end of the frame 201, and the drive end is hinged to both sides of the middle of the bucket 203, pushing the bucket 203 to tip backward around the hinge point for unloading. Meanwhile, during the rearward tilting process of the truck bed 203, the connecting rod 208 pulls the swing rod 207, causing the movable screen plate 206 to tilt upward and open synchronously. After unloading is completed, the tipping cylinder 209 retracts, causing the truck bed 203 to descend and reset. The movable screen plate 206 also resets and covers the upper rear half of the truck bed 203.

[0031] II. Principles of Lawn Mowing

[0032] After the tractor starts, the power take-off (PTO) outputs a speed of 540 r / min, which is transmitted to the speed increaser 103 on the housing 102 via the drive shaft 109. The speed increaser 103 is a gearbox with its input shaft connected to the drive shaft 109 and its output shaft connected to the rotating drum 105. In this operating scenario, the speed increaser 103 uses a 1:3 gear ratio to increase the PTO's speed from 540 r / min to 1620 r / min, driving the rotating drum 105 to rotate at high speed.

[0033] The rotating drum 105 is mounted inside the cover 102, with its axis orthogonal to the tractor's forward direction. Four rows of blades 104 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the drum wall, with 12 or 13 blades 104 evenly arranged in each row along the axis. The blades 104 are hinged to the rotating drum 105 via blade holders 110. The blade face 1041 is 100mm wide, and the hinge surface 1042 is twisted 90° to the blade face 1041. The sum of the blade face widths of two adjacent blades 104 in adjacent rows (100mm + 100mm) is greater than the center distance of the corresponding blade holders 110 (150mm), forming a 50mm blade face overlap area. When the tractor is operating at a speed of 4km / h, the rotating drum 105 drives the blades 104 to rotate at high speed. Under centrifugal force, the blades 104 unfold and cut into the grass stems. Thanks to its overlapping blade design, the cutting trajectory completely covers the working width, achieving a weed removal rate of up to 99.3% when cutting weeds 150mm high next to an airport runway. Furthermore, during high-speed rotation, if the 104 blade encounters obstacles such as small stones, the spring steel plate material allows it to elastically deform by 10° to release the force, automatically returning to its original position to continue operation, effectively protecting the blade and extending its service life.

[0034] III. Principles of Forage Collection

[0035] When the blade 104 rotates at high speed (1620 r / min), the 100 mm wide blade surface generates radial airflow through friction with the air. The air pressure on the side facing the material reaches 105 Pa, and the air pressure on the side facing away from the material is 95 Pa, forming a pressure difference of 10 Pa. This pressure difference propels the cut grass clippings at a speed of approximately 8 m / s along the guide shroud 107 towards the grass collection tipper 200. The guide shroud 107 is generally L-shaped. The vertical section is fixed to the top of the shroud body 102, and the connection between the inclined section and the vertical section uses a 180 mm radius arc transition. The angle between the inclined section and the vertical section is 110°, and the inclined section extends to the grass inlet 205 of the grass collection tipper 200. The inner surface of the inclined section is provided with guide ribs with a height of 50 mm and a spacing of 200 mm, guiding the grass clippings and airflow smoothly into the grass inlet 205 along a set trajectory. Throughout the entire forage collection process, no additional exhaust fan is required. The airflow effect generated by the rotation of the blades alone can replace 70% of the forage conveying power of traditional exhaust fans. Compared with existing technologies that rely on exhaust fans, this 4-hour airport operation saved approximately 3.2L of fuel and produced no noise pollution, meeting the airport's low-noise operation standards.

[0036] IV. Design and Performance Assurance of Key Components

[0037] The movable mesh panel 206 of the hay dump truck 200 is made of woven metal mesh with a mesh size of 5mm. The surface is treated with anti-static spraying, and the coating resistance value is ≤10. 9 In airport operating environments, the Ω structure effectively prevents electrostatic adsorption and splashing of grass clippings, eliminating runway safety hazards. The suspension cylinder 302 has a working pressure set at 14MPa, a maximum thrust of 6kN per cylinder, and a stroke of 200mm, enabling stable stepless adjustment of the lawnmower's working height from 0-300mm. The two ends of the drum 105 are mounted to the cover 102 via self-aligning roller bearings. A labyrinth seal structure is installed on the outer side of the bearings, with a sealing gap of 0.3mm. After 8 hours of continuous operation, almost no grass clippings entered the bearing cavity, greatly ensuring the stable operation and service life of the drum 105.

[0038] Through the precise design and coordinated operation of the above components, the grass cutter and grass collector of this utility model can efficiently and stably complete grass cutting, grass collection and unloading operations in various scenarios such as airports and ranches, and has significant performance advantages and practicality compared with the existing technology.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tractor-driven mower and grass collector, comprising a mower (100), characterized in that, The lawnmower (100) includes a rectangular frame (101), the front of which is connected to a tractor via a suspension device (300), the rear of which is fixed to a hay dump truck (200), and the bottom of which is fixed to a cover (102). A speed increaser (103) is fixed on the cover (102), the input shaft of which is connected to the power take-off of the tractor via a drive shaft (109), and the output shaft of which is connected to a rotating drum (105). The rotating drum (105) is rotated inside the cover (102), its axis is orthogonal to the forward direction of the tractor, and multiple rows are evenly arranged circumferentially on the drum wall, each row along the axial direction. Multiple blades (104) are evenly arrayed; the blades (104) are evenly arrayed in multiple rows along the circumference on the rotating drum (105), and multiple blades (104) are evenly arrayed in each row along the axial direction; the blades (104) are hinged to the rotating drum (105) through blade holders (110), the width direction of their blades (1041) is consistent with the axial direction of the rotating drum (105), and the sum of the blade widths of two adjacent blades (104) in adjacent rows is greater than the center distance of the corresponding blade holders (110); a flow guide (107) is fixedly connected above the cover (102), and the upper opening of the flow guide (107) extends to the grass inlet (205) of the grass collection tipper truck (200).

2. The grass cutter and grass collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two upright plates (108) are fixed at the front center of the rectangular frame (101). The suspension device (300) includes a cantilever (301) and two suspension cylinders (302). The rear end of the cantilever (301), the cylinder body and the drive end of the suspension cylinder (302) are respectively hinged to the upright plate (108) or the cantilever (301) by a pin that is horizontal in the axial direction and perpendicular to the forward direction of the tractor. The two suspension cylinders (302) are supplied with oil through the distribution valve of the tractor hydraulic system. Their extension and retraction are controlled by the control lever in the cab, so as to realize the stepless adjustment of the working height of the lawnmower (100) from 0 to 300 mm.

3. The grass cutter and grass collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide hood (107) is L-shaped in general. Its vertical section is fixed to the top of the hood body (102), and its inclined section extends to the grass inlet (205) of the grass collection dump truck (200). The connection between the vertical section and the inclined section adopts a rounded transition.

4. The grass cutter and grass collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hay-collecting tipper truck (200) includes a frame (201), with wheels (202) rotatably mounted below the frame (201). The rear side of the rectangular frame (101) is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame (201). The rear end of the frame (201) extends upward to form a hinged bracket. The upper half of the rear baffle of the bucket (203) is hinged to the hinged bracket by a pin, allowing the bucket (203) to tip over and unload around the hinge point. A fixed top plate (204) is fixedly mounted on the upper front half of the bucket (203), and the front end of the fixed top plate (204) and the front baffle form the hay inlet (205). A movable mesh plate (206) is hinged to the rear side of the fixed top plate (204), and the movable mesh plate (206) covers the upper rear half of the bucket (203). Forwardly extending swing rods (207) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the movable mesh plate (206), and the swing rods (207) are free. One end of the connecting rod (208) is hinged to one end of the connecting rod (208) via a pin, and the other end of the connecting rod (208) is hinged to the rear end of the frame (201) via a pin; the cylinder bodies of the two tipping cylinders (209) are hinged to the rear end of the frame (201) via pins, and the drive ends are hinged to the two sides of the middle part of the bucket (203) via pins; the tipping cylinders (209) are supplied with oil through the distribution valve of the tractor hydraulic system, and their extension and retraction are controlled by the control lever in the cab; when the bucket (203) is tipped over to unload, the tipping cylinders (209) push the bucket to tilt upward around the hinged bracket, and at the same time pull the swing rod (207) through the connecting rod (208) to make the movable mesh plate (206) tilt upward and open synchronously; when the bucket (203) is reset, the tipping cylinders (209) retract to drive the bucket to descend, and the connecting rod (208) pushes the swing rod (207) to make the movable mesh plate (206) reset and cover the upper rear half of the bucket.

5. The grass cutter and grass collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed increaser (103) is a gear speed increaser box used to increase the output speed of the tractor power take-off to the working speed of the cutter (104).

6. The lawn mower and grass collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (104) is made of wear-resistant special steel, and its blade surface (1041) is twisted 90° with the hinge surface (1042).

7. The grass cutter and grass collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the inclined section and the vertical section of the flow guide (107) is 100°-120°. The inner surface of the inclined section is provided with flow guide ribs to guide the hay into the hay collection dump truck (200) along a set trajectory.

8. The grass cutter and grass collector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable mesh plate (206) is made of metal woven mesh with a mesh size of 5-10mm. The surface of the mesh plate is treated with anti-static spraying, and the coating resistance value is ≤10. 9 Ω, suitable for anti-static scenarios such as airports.

9. The grass cutter and grass collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working pressure of the suspension cylinder (302) is 12-16MPa, which, in conjunction with the tractor hydraulic system, enables stepless adjustment of the mower's working height.

10. The mower and grass collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the rotating drum (105) are mounted on the cover (102) by self-aligning roller bearings. A labyrinth seal structure is provided on the outside of the bearing with a sealing gap of 0.2-0.5mm to prevent grass clippings from entering the bearing cavity.

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