A device for demulsifying and dehydrating sludge and oil.

Abstract

This utility model relates to a highly efficient integrated oil demulsification and dehydration device, applicable to the field of oil pollution treatment equipment technology. The device includes a pretreatment unit, a demulsification unit, a separation unit, and an intelligent control system. The pretreatment unit removes solid impurities through a filter assembly and a buffer tank; the demulsification unit employs heating, a high-voltage electric field, and a chemical dosing system to collaboratively demulsify; the separation unit utilizes a spiral separator to achieve efficient oil-water stratification and includes a reflux mechanism. The controller dynamically adjusts parameters such as temperature, electric field strength, chemical dosage, and flow rate to adapt to oil pollution with different degrees of emulsification. This device solves the problems of low efficiency and high energy consumption in traditional demulsification and dehydration methods, achieving automated, low-energy, and highly stable oil pollution treatment, suitable for industrial oil pollution recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of oil pollution treatment equipment, specifically to an oil pollution demulsification and dehydration device. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production, oil contamination (such as machinery oil and refining waste oil) often forms stable oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions due to emulsification. The water in these emulsions is difficult to separate directly, which not only affects the recycling of oil contamination but also increases the difficulty and cost of subsequent treatment. Existing oil demulsification and dehydration devices mostly employ single heating, chemical dosing, or electric field treatment methods, which have the following problems:

[0003] Single methods cannot effectively disrupt emulsion stability, resulting in low dehydration rates; heating or electric field treatment requires continuous high-power operation, resulting in higher energy consumption than integrated devices; lack of intelligent control means that parameters cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the degree of oil emulsification (such as oil-water ratio and viscosity), leading to unstable effects when treating oils of different properties; although some combined devices combine multiple methods, the lack of coordination between units (such as asynchronous dosing and heating) requires manual intervention, increasing operational risks.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an oil demulsification and dehydration device that integrates multiple demulsification methods, can be synergistically controlled, and is highly efficient and stable. This invention provides an innovative solution to the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the problems in the related technologies, this utility model proposes a sludge demulsification and dehydration device to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0006] Therefore, the specific technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] An oily waste demulsification and dewatering device includes a pretreatment unit, a demulsification unit, a separation unit, and a conveying mechanism connecting the units. The outlet of the pretreatment unit is connected to the inlet of the demulsification unit through the conveying mechanism, and the outlet of the demulsification unit is connected to the inlet of the separation unit through the conveying mechanism. The pretreatment unit includes a treatment tank, a filter plate, a piston plate, and a pulsator plate. The demulsification unit includes a cylinder, a spiral heating tube, a stirring rod, a metering pump, and an electric field generator. The conveying mechanism includes a liquid pump and a conveying pipeline.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model, an inlet is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the processing tank, an outlet is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the processing tank, a solenoid valve is installed on the inlet, and a sealing plate is installed at the front end of the processing tank.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a vertical rod is slidably installed on the inner side of the upper end of the processing tank, a piston plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical rod, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the vertical rod, and a hydraulic cylinder is installed at the bottom end of the fixing rod.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a geared motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the processing tank, and a pulsator plate is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the geared motor.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a servo motor is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the cylinder, a stirring rod is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the servo motor, and a metering pump is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a spiral heating tube is installed in the inner wall of the cylinder, and an electric field generator is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the separation unit includes a separation tank, an oil drain port is installed on the upper right side of the separation tank, and a drain outlet is installed on the lower right side of the separation tank.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] This invention improves the demulsification rate and significantly shortens the oil-water separation time through the multi-functional synergy of pretreatment and demulsification units (heating, electric field, and chemical dosing). The controller (such as a PLC) monitors and adjusts parameters (temperature, electric field strength, and chemical dosage) in real time, reducing manual intervention and energy consumption. For example, the spiral heating tube and the electric field generator work together to automatically optimize energy distribution based on the viscosity of the oil. The intelligent control system adapts to oils with different emulsification levels (e.g., a stronger electric field is needed for highly emulsified oils, while chemical dosing is reduced for low-emulsified oils). The reflux mechanism of the separation unit ensures that incompletely demulsified liquids are reprocessed, resulting in high stability. The piston plate and impeller plate of the pretreatment unit can automatically clean the filter plate, reducing clogging. The overall modular design facilitates disassembly and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sludge demulsification and dehydration device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pretreatment unit of a sludge demulsification and dehydration device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the reduction motor and impeller plate of a sludge demulsification and dewatering device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the hydraulic cylinder and the fixing rod of a sludge demulsification and dehydration device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the demulsification unit of a sludge demulsification and dehydration device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] 1. Pretreatment unit; 2. Demulsification unit; 3. Separation unit; 4. Conveying mechanism; 101. Processing tank; 102. Inlet; 103. Outlet; 104. Filter plate; 105. Gear motor; 106. Impeller plate; 107. Piston plate; 108. Vertical rod; 109. Fixing rod; 110. Hydraulic cylinder; 111. Sealing plate; 21. Cylinder; 22. Spiral heating tube; 23. Servo motor; 24. Stirring rod; 25. Metering pump; 26. Electric field generator; 31. Separation tank; 32. Oil drain port; 33. Drain port. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention. These drawings are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are usually used to represent similar components.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for demulsifying and dehydrating sludge and oil is provided.

[0026] Please refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figure 1-5According to an embodiment of the present invention, an oily waste demulsification and dehydration device includes a pretreatment unit 1, a demulsification unit 2, a separation unit 3, and a conveying mechanism 4 connecting each unit. The outlet of the pretreatment unit 1 is connected to the inlet of the demulsification unit 2 through the conveying mechanism 4, and the outlet of the demulsification unit 2 is connected to the inlet of the separation unit 3 through the conveying mechanism 4. The pretreatment unit 1 includes a treatment tank 101, a filter plate 104, a piston plate 107, and a pulsator plate 106. The demulsification unit 2 includes a cylinder 21, a spiral heating tube 22, a stirring rod 24, a metering pump 25, and an electric field generator 26. The conveying mechanism 4 includes a liquid pump 41 and a conveying pipe 42.

[0027] Filter components (such as metal mesh or filter cartridges) are used to remove solid particulate impurities from oil stains to prevent impurities from affecting the subsequent demulsification effect.

[0028] In one embodiment, please refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1-5 As a further embodiment of this utility model, an inlet 102 is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the processing tank 101, an outlet 103 is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the processing tank 101, a solenoid valve is installed on the inlet 102, and a sealing plate 111 is installed at the front end of the processing tank 101.

[0029] The treatment tank 101 is equipped with a liquid level sensor and a temperature sensor, which can monitor the oil level and initial temperature in real time.

[0030] In one embodiment, please refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1-5 As a further embodiment of this utility model, a vertical rod 108 is slidably installed on the inner side of the upper end of the processing tank 101, a piston plate 107 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical rod 108, a fixing rod 109 is fixedly connected to the top end of the vertical rod 108, and a hydraulic cylinder 110 is installed at the bottom end of the fixing rod 109.

[0031] The hydraulic cylinder 110 drives the piston plate 107 to filter the sludge oil and quickly remove impurities.

[0032] In one embodiment, please refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1-5 As a further embodiment of this utility model, a reduction motor 105 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the processing tank 101, and a pulsator plate 106 is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the reduction motor 105.

[0033] This allows the liquid to ripple and flush the filter plate 104, preventing clogging.

[0034] In one embodiment, please refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1-5As a further embodiment of this utility model, a servo motor 23 is fixedly connected to the center of the top end of the cylinder 21, a stirring rod 24 is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the servo motor 23, and a metering pump 25 is fixedly connected to the top end of the cylinder 21.

[0035] A dosing pipe is connected to the outside of the metering pump, and the dosing pipe is connected to the demulsifier storage tank, which can precisely control the amount of demulsifier added. The rotation of the stirring rod allows the sludge oil to be fully mixed with the demulsifier.

[0036] In one embodiment, please refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1-5 As a further embodiment of this utility model, a spiral heating tube 22 is installed in the inner wall of the cylinder 21, and an electric field generator 26 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 21.

[0037] The spiral heating tube is used to regulate the temperature of the oil to reduce its viscosity. The electric field generating component includes parallel positive and negative plates. The plates are connected to a high-voltage power supply (which can provide 0-50kV voltage), and the spacing between the plates can be adjusted to accommodate oil with different emulsification levels.

[0038] In one embodiment, please refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1-5 As a further embodiment of this utility model, the separation unit 3 includes a separation tank 31, an oil drain port 32 is installed on the upper right side of the separation tank 31, and a drain port 33 is installed on the lower right side of the separation tank 31.

[0039] The separator is equipped with a spiral separation plate, which accelerates oil-water separation through a combination of centrifugal force and gravity. The bottom of the separator is equipped with a drain outlet, and the top is equipped with a clean oil outlet. Both the drain outlet and the clean oil outlet are equipped with solenoid valves, which can control the drainage and oil discharge respectively.

[0040] This device also needs to be equipped with a controller (such as a PLC controller). The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor of the pretreatment unit, the heating jacket of the demulsification unit (to control the temperature), the electric field generating component (to control the voltage), the metering pump (to control the dosage), the stirring component (to control the speed), and the solenoid valve and reflux pump of the separation unit to achieve automated control.

[0041] Example 1: Preprocessing Unit Operation

[0042] Oily waste enters the treatment tank 101 through inlet 102, where a solenoid valve controls the flow rate. A filter plate 104 (such as a metal mesh) removes solid impurities; simultaneously, a geared motor 105 drives a pulsator plate 106 to rotate, generating eddies to prevent clogging. Figure 3As shown, the structure of the impeller plate 106 optimizes the liquid flow and ensures the sedimentation of impurities. The hydraulic cylinder 110 drives the piston plate 107 to move up and down through the vertical rod 108, squeezing the sludge to accelerate filtration. The treated sludge is discharged from the outlet 103. The controller adjusts the speed of the solenoid valve and the motor according to the liquid level sensor data to adapt to high impurity oil.

[0043] Example 2: Collaborative processing of demulsification unit

[0044] The pretreated sludge enters the cylinder 21 via the conveying mechanism 4 (liquid pump 41 and conveying pipe 42). A metering pump 25 adds a demulsifier (such as a surfactant), and a servo motor 23 drives a stirring rod 24 to mix evenly. A spiral heating tube 22 is embedded in the inner wall of the cylinder 21, and the heating temperature (40-80℃) is adjustable to reduce the viscosity of the sludge; an electric field generator 26 applies a high-voltage electric field (0-50kV) to break down the emulsion film. Figure 5 As shown, the controller dynamically adjusts parameters according to the degree of oil emulsification: it increases the electric field strength when the oil is highly emulsified and reduces the dosage when the oil is poorly emulsified.

[0045] When in use, the workflow of this device is as follows, expanded based on the component and function descriptions in the document to ensure completeness and operability:

[0046] Pretreatment stage: Sludge enters the treatment tank 101 through inlet 102. A solenoid valve controls the initial flow rate; filter plate 104 removes large particles of impurities, and impeller plate 106 rotates to prevent clogging (driven by geared motor 105). Simultaneously, hydraulic cylinder 110 pushes piston plate 107 to compress the sludge, accelerating filtration. The treated sludge is discharged through outlet 103.

[0047] Demulsification stage: Waste oil enters the cylinder 21 of demulsification unit 2 via conveying pipe 42 and liquid pump 41. The controller initiates coordinated demulsification based on sensor data (such as temperature and emulsification degree): spiral heating tube 22 heats to the set temperature (50-70℃); metering pump 25 adds an appropriate amount of demulsifier; electric field generator 26 applies a high-voltage electric field (20-40kV); stirring rod 24 ensures uniform mixing. Parameters are optimized in real time throughout the process.

[0048] Separation stage: The demulsifier is conveyed to the separator 31. The spiral separator plate causes the oil and water to separate rapidly: the light oil floats to the top and is discharged from the oil outlet 32; the aqueous phase sinks to the bottom and is discharged from the drain outlet 33. The controller monitors the separation effect. If the oil-water interface is blurred, a portion of the mixture is sent back to the demulsifier unit through the reflux mechanism (conveyor 4).

[0049] Intelligent control throughout the process: The PLC controller integrates data from various units (such as pretreatment liquid level, demulsification temperature, and separation efficiency) and dynamically adjusts the flow rate, dosage, and electric field strength to achieve fully automated operation. The unit automatically shuts down upon completion of treatment.

[0050] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for breaking and dewatering emulsion of oil, comprising a pretreatment unit (1), a breaking unit (2), a separation unit (3) and a conveying mechanism (4) connecting the units, characterized in that: The outlet of the pretreatment unit (1) is connected to the inlet of the demulsification unit (2) through the conveying mechanism (4), and the outlet of the demulsification unit (2) is connected to the inlet of the separation unit (3) through the conveying mechanism (4). The pretreatment unit (1) includes a treatment tank (101), a filter plate (104), a piston plate (107), and a pulsator plate (106); The demulsification unit (2) includes a cylinder (21), a spiral heating tube (22), a stirring rod (24), a metering pump (25), and an electric field generator (26); The conveying mechanism (4) includes a liquid pump (41) and a conveying pipe (42).

2. The sludge demulsification and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inlet (102) is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the treatment tank (101), and an outlet (103) is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the treatment tank (101). A solenoid valve is installed on the inlet (102), and a sealing plate (111) is installed at the front end of the treatment tank (101).

3. The sludge demulsification and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical rod (108) is slidably installed on the inner side of the upper end of the processing tank (101). A piston plate (107) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical rod (108). A fixing rod (109) is fixedly connected to the top end of the vertical rod (108). A hydraulic cylinder (110) is installed at the bottom end of the fixing rod (109).

4. The sludge demulsification and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the processing tank (101) is fixedly connected to a geared motor (105), and the end of the main shaft of the geared motor (105) is fixedly connected to a pulsator plate (106).

5. The sludge demulsification and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A servo motor (23) is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the cylinder (21), a stirring rod (24) is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the servo motor (23), and a metering pump (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder (21).

6. The sludge demulsification and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral heating tube (22) is installed in the inner wall of the cylinder (21), and an electric field generator (26) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (21).

7. The sludge demulsification and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation unit (3) includes a separation tank (31), an oil drain port (32) is installed on the upper right side of the separation tank (31), and a drain outlet (33) is installed on the lower right side of the separation tank (31).

Images