Concrete permeable brick stone-like surface layer curing mortar treatment device
By combining laser heat conduction welding with high-pressure airflow, the problems of solidified mortar spots and pore blockage after concrete permeable brick molding were solved, achieving a realistic stone-like effect on the surface of the permeable brick and improving its permeability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUXIANG HONGCHEN WANJU ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
Smart Images
Figure CN224425907U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a stone-like surface layer for permeable bricks or slabs, and particularly to a device and method for treating the solidified mortar in the stone-like surface layer of permeable concrete bricks made using a semi-dry method. Background Technology
[0002] With the advancement of sponge cities, permeable bricks have begun to be widely used in public places such as sidewalks on city roads and open squares in parks. In order to create a beautiful ground environment, imitation stone permeable bricks or slabs have emerged. Imitation stone permeable bricks include ceramic, resin and concrete types. Among them, concrete permeable bricks stand out with their low price and cost, becoming the main product in the market. The production of concrete imitation stone permeable bricks generally adopts a semi-dry non-fired pressing molding process and is completed by vibrating press. The specific production process is as follows: (1) First mix (1) For the main material of the brick body, mix the stones, cement and water into a semi-dry material, and then place the mixed semi-dry material into the brick forming mold in the vibratory press. Pre-press it through the pre-press plate on the vibratory press to form the surface layer material space on the top of the brick body; (2) Use white quartz stone (black quartz stone or natural colored stone), add cement (white cement) and reinforcing additives to mix into a surface layer semi-dry material, and add the surface layer semi-dry material into the surface layer material space on the top of the mold; (3) Press the pre-press plate on the vibratory press down to the design pressure for the second time, and at the same time... During the process, the vibrator controls the overall vibration of the brick mold, causing the sand and gravel inside the mold to be tightly bonded together by the adhesive cement, forming a brick with a certain strength. In the above semi-dry method of making concrete imitation stone bricks, the overall vibration of the brick mold is a very critical step. The main purpose of the vibration is to make the sand and gravel particles in the concrete inside the mold more compact, thereby improving the density and strength of the concrete. The vibration time of the mold is generally about 20-30 seconds, and it is judged when the surface of the brick inside the mold no longer sinks significantly and mortar appears on the surface of the brick. Because the stone particles selected in the main material of the brick are relatively large, large-diameter permeable pores will be formed during the above pressing process. However, the thickness of the top surface layer of the brick is relatively thin, generally about 6 mm thick. Therefore, the sand particles selected in the surface layer are relatively small, generally 20-40 mesh. During the above vibration pressing process, the contact points of adjacent sand particles in the surface layer are bonded together by cement through compression. The density of this cement paste that plays the role of bonding adjacent sand particles is relatively high, generally between 2.4 g / cm³ and 2.6 Between g / cm³; where adjacent sand cannot touch, small-diameter permeable pores are formed; the entire permeable brick pressing process must ensure that the brick's strength meets design requirements and that the formed brick is permeable. Therefore, the aforementioned surface mortar on the brick surface is a manifestation of achieving these effects. Existing technology does not have a good method for dealing with the mortar attached after the brick is pressed and vibrated. During the subsequent brick drying process, this surface mortar forms solidified mortar spots on the top of the brick surface, with a thickness of about 100 micrometers, directly affecting the anti-stone effect of the surface layer and reducing the appearance quality of the imitation stone brick; at the same time, some surface mortar flows into the small-diameter permeable pores on the surface layer, clogging the permeable pores after drying. Although the density of this solidified mortar is much lower than that of the cement binding the adjacent sand, it directly causes a significant decrease in the permeability of the permeable brick surface layer; how to scientifically deal with the solidified mortar formed on the surface due to the vibration during brick forming has become a problem that needs to be solved on site. .
[0003] Laser welding is a high-efficiency and precision welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source. The principle of laser welding is as follows: (1) Laser generation: The laser generator generates a high-energy laser beam; (2) Laser beam transmission: The laser beam is transmitted to the working area through transmission elements such as optical fiber or reflector; (3) Focusing: The laser beam is focused by the focusing lens to form a spot with high energy density; (4) Welding process: When the spot irradiates the surface of the material to be welded, the material melts rapidly and forms a weld; (5) At the same time, the laser welding machine is also equipped with a corresponding control system to ensure the precise control and stable output of the laser beam; The principle of laser welding can be divided into laser heat conduction welding and laser deep penetration welding; The principle of heat conduction laser welding is: the laser radiation heats the surface to be processed, and the surface heat diffuses into the interior through heat conduction. The laser itself is a high-frequency energy output, and it can generate extremely high temperatures (at the focal point) through focusing; If the laser directly irradiates the object, the most direct change is that the object's temperature rises. Over a long period of time, objects of different materials will deform, melt, burn, etc.; If the laser is irradiated through the focal point, the object at the focal point will have a temperature rise in a short time. The energy level is very high; most substances will vaporize or carbonize directly at the focal point. Most metals will vaporize at the focal point, creating a molten pit. A small number of metals with high laser reflectivity, such as copper and aluminum, will vaporize very little, leaving only a small spot. Therefore, many laser heads are protected with copper nozzles. If the energy is high enough, the laser at the focal point can vaporize all substances. If the irradiation point is not at the focal point, the only changes in the state of matter caused by the laser are temperature increases and heating. Whether a laser can penetrate an object depends on the object's absorption of the laser. Furthermore, if an object has high transmittance to laser light, then the energy absorbed by the laser when passing through the object will be small enough to allow it to penetrate. For example, glass does not absorb in the visible light band, so lasers can penetrate glass. Similarly, silicon is considered to have no absorption in the communication band (around 1550nm), so lasers can penetrate stone. How to combine the principle of laser heat conduction welding to deal with the solidified mortar formed on the surface of permeable bricks during molding vibration, and to open up the small permeable pores in the permeable brick surface layer that are blocked in this process, has become a new topic worthy of in-depth research. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a device for treating the solidified mortar inside the stone-like surface layer of permeable concrete bricks produced by a semi-dry method. It solves the technical problems of how to scientifically treat the solidified mortar spots formed on the surface of the bricks due to vibration during the brick forming process, and how to open up the small-diameter permeable pores in the blocked permeable brick surface layer.
[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:
[0006] The overall concept of this invention is as follows: The density of the solidified mortar spots on the surface of the permeable concrete brick's stone-like surface layer, and the density of the solidified mortar blocks clogging the permeable pores of the permeable brick's stone-like surface layer, are measured or estimated in advance. A continuous thermally conductive laser emitted from a laser generator is used to focus and heat the solidified mortar, causing it to decompose. An intermittent pulsed airflow and dust extraction system then peels the decomposed solidified mortar particles off the surface layer, thus opening the permeable pores and exposing the stone particles to achieve a realistic stone-like appearance. During this process, the power density of the laser generator is calculated and determined based on the measured or estimated density of the solidified mortar. The pyrolysis force generated by the provided laser density is sufficient to successfully pyrolyze the solidified mortar on the surface or in the permeable pores, but not to pyrolyze the cement paste adhering to adjacent sand on the surface. This ensures that the operation does not reduce the strength of the permeable brick surface layer. Simultaneously, the scanning of the permeable brick surface layer... When determining the laser power density, it is also necessary to avoid burning the surface sand. To achieve this goal, the present invention can continuously scan the permeable brick surface layer in stages. During the first continuous laser scan, the focal point of the laser beam is set in the solidified mortar layer on the surface, and the power and travel time of the scanning laser are determined based on the density of the solidified mortar layer to ensure that the solidified mortar spots are broken down. During the second continuous laser scan, the focal point of the laser beam is set on the blockage solidified mortar block in the permeable pores, and the power and travel time of the scanning laser are determined based on the density of the blockage solidified mortar to ensure that the blockage solidified mortar is broken down quickly. During the above laser scanning process, high-pressure impact gas is intermittently delivered to the surface of the permeable brick at an angle of about 60 degrees to the surface of the permeable brick, so that the broken solidified mortar fragments are separated from the surface layer of the permeable brick. The above process can be repeated multiple times to achieve a better water permeability effect on the surface of the permeable brick and to achieve a realistic stone-like effect.
[0007] A device for treating the solidified mortar inside the semi-dry permeable concrete brick imitation stone surface layer includes an automatic conveyor line for permeable bricks, permeable concrete imitation stone bricks, and a continuous laser generator. A gantry frame for mounting the laser generator is set on the automatic conveyor line for permeable bricks. A continuous laser generator is installed on the crossbeam of the gantry frame for mounting the laser generator. A chain conveyor belt for permeable bricks is set below the gantry frame for mounting the laser generator. Permeable concrete imitation stone bricks are placed on the chain conveyor belt for mounting the permeable concrete bricks. When the permeable concrete imitation stone bricks pass directly under the continuous laser generator, they are irradiated by the continuous laser emitted by the continuous laser generator.
[0008] The focal point of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator is set in the solidified mortar spot on the surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick that passes directly below the continuous laser generator.
[0009] The focal point of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator is set on the solidified mortar in the permeable pores of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick surface that passes directly below the continuous laser generator.
[0010] A pulsed high-pressure impact air pump is installed on the laser generator mounting gantry. The high-pressure impact airflow emitted by the pulsed high-pressure impact air pump has an angle of 60 degrees with the surface of the permeable brick.
[0011] A permeable brick conveying first drive device is set on the left side of the permeable brick chain conveyor belt. The permeable brick conveying first drive device conveys concrete imitation stone permeable bricks onto the permeable brick chain conveyor belt through push rods on it.
[0012] A method for treating the solidified mortar inside the stone-like surface layer of semi-dry permeable concrete bricks includes an automatic conveyor line for permeable bricks, permeable concrete bricks, and a continuous laser generator. A gantry frame for mounting the laser generator is installed on the automatic conveyor line. The continuous laser generator is mounted on the crossbeam of the gantry frame. A chain conveyor belt for permeable bricks is installed below the gantry frame. The method is characterized by the following steps:
[0013] The first step is to measure or estimate the density of the solidified mortar on the surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick imitation stone surface layer, as well as the density of the solidified mortar in the permeable pores of the imitation stone surface layer.
[0014] The second step is to calculate the power of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator based on the measured or estimated density of the solidified mortar on the surface of the imitation stone surface. The power of the emitted laser beam is enough to cause the solidified mortar to crack when heated.
[0015] The third step is to focus the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator onto the solidified mortar layer on the surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick directly below the continuous laser generator.
[0016] The fourth step involves conveying the permeable concrete bricks to the area directly below the continuous laser generator via a permeable brick chain conveyor belt. The continuous laser generator then performs laser scanning and irradiation on the permeable concrete brick surface based on the laser beam power set in the second step and the laser beam focus set in the third step.
[0017] Step 5: After the concrete imitation stone permeable brick is scanned and irradiated by the continuous laser generator, the pulsed high-pressure impact air pump set on the gantry frame of the laser generator emits high-pressure impact airflow to sweep the surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick. The high-pressure impact airflow forms a 60-degree angle with the surface of the permeable brick.
[0018] The third step involves adjusting the focus of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator onto the solidified mortar in the permeable pores of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick surface that passes directly below the continuous laser generator.
[0019] Half or one-third of 2.4 g / cm³ is used as an estimate of the density of the solidified mortar on the surface of the stone-like permeable concrete brick, or as an estimate of the density of the solidified mortar in the permeable pores of the stone-like surface.
[0020] The distance between the focal point of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator and the top surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick should be less than or equal to 1 mm.
[0021] This invention is based on the mechanism of low density of solidified mortar in the stone-like surface layer of permeable concrete bricks produced by the semi-dry method, and draws on the heat conduction characteristics of the focal point of a continuous laser beam. By combining the two ingeniously, while ensuring the strength of the stone-like surface layer of the permeable brick, the invention scientifically and accurately adjusts the focal point of the laser beam and calculates the laser power required to break up the solidified mortar. The solidified mortar is broken up by laser, and pulsed impact air is used to blow it away. This achieves the opening of the permeable pores blocked by the solidified mortar and the removal of the solidified mortar on the surface, allowing the top of the surface stones to be better exposed, thus achieving a realistic stone-like effect on the surface of the permeable brick. This invention has a simple structure and ingenious implementation scheme, and represents an upgrade to the existing stone-like surface layer of permeable concrete bricks produced by the semi-dry method. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0024] A device for treating the solidified mortar in the imitation stone surface layer of a semi-dry permeable concrete brick includes an automatic conveyor line 1 for permeable bricks, a concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2, and a continuous laser generator 6. The concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2 is made by a semi-dry, non-fired pressing process, and all of them are pre-pressed by a vibrating machine. After molding, mortar appears on the surface of the brick. During the subsequent drying process of the brick, the mortar either solidifies on the imitation stone surface layer of the permeable brick to form mortar spots, or flows into the permeable pores in the imitation stone surface layer and solidifies to form mortar blocks. This leads to a decrease in the stone-like appearance of the permeable brick surface and a decrease in the permeability of the stone-like surface layer. A laser generator mounting gantry 3 is installed on the permeable brick automatic conveyor line 1. A continuous laser generator 6 is installed on the crossbeam of the laser generator mounting gantry 3. A permeable brick chain conveyor belt 5 is installed below the laser generator mounting gantry 3. Concrete stone-like permeable bricks 2 are placed on the permeable brick chain conveyor belt 5 with the stone-like surface of the concrete stone-like permeable bricks 2 facing upwards on the permeable brick chain conveyor belt 5. When the concrete stone-like permeable bricks 2 move from the continuous... When the laser passes directly below the laser generator 6, it is irradiated by the continuous laser emitted by the continuous laser generator 6. The focal point of the continuous laser beam is set on the solidified mortar spots, heating the solidified mortar and causing it to crack and break apart, separating it from the surface of the imitation stone. Since these solidified mortar spots solidify in a free-flowing state, their density is low, and they can expand and crack under certain laser heating. However, the density of the cement slurry used to bind adjacent sand particles in the surface of the imitation stone, which is compressed and vibrated, is much higher than the density of the mortar spots solidified in a free-flowing state. Therefore, the laser power used to remove the mortar spots solidified in a free-flowing state is significantly lower. This also ensures that the continuous laser emitted by the continuous laser generator 6 of this invention will not cause pyrolysis of the cement slurry bound in the surface of the imitation stone, thus ensuring that the strength of the surface of the imitation stone is not affected during this process. Of course, if the laser irradiation time of the imitation stone surface is long, it will also heat the sand on the surface of the imitation stone, and even cause the sand to burn. Although the absorption rate of sand to laser is low, the above situation can be avoided by controlling the time for the permeable brick to pass through the scanning laser beam.
[0025] The focal point of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator 6 is set in the solidified mortar spot on the surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2, which passes directly below the continuous laser generator 6. The energy of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator 6 is mainly concentrated at the focal point of the laser beam. The laser heats the irradiated object at the focal point, causing it to expand and crack due to heat, thereby causing the solidified mortar spot to peel off from the imitation stone layer.
[0026] Alternatively, the focal point of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator 6 can be set on the solidified mortar block in the permeable pores of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2, which passes directly below the continuous laser generator 6. This step mainly targets the solidified mortar blocking the permeable pores. This part of the mortar has a low density. As long as the focal point of the laser is adjusted to the permeable pores, this part of the solidified mortar block in the pores will be heated, causing it to expand and crack. After that, it will be blown out of the pores by the pulsed airflow. Since the density of the cement paste with sand adhering to the pores is relatively high, the heating energy of the laser entering the pores cannot cause this part of the cement paste to crack, thus ensuring that the strength of the imitation stone surface is not affected.
[0027] A pulsed high-pressure impact air pump is installed on the laser generator mounting gantry 3. The high-pressure impact airflow emitted by the pulsed high-pressure impact air pump has an angle of 60 degrees with the surface of the permeable brick. The pulsed impact airflow is conducive to the stripping of the cracked solidified mortar in the pores.
[0028] A permeable brick conveying first drive device 4 is provided on the left side of the permeable brick chain conveyor belt 5. The permeable brick conveying first drive device 4 conveys the concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2 onto the permeable brick chain conveyor belt 5 through the push rod on it. The concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2 can be repeatedly passed through the laser scanning area by the control of the permeable brick chain conveyor belt 5.
[0029] A method for treating the solidified mortar inside the semi-dry permeable concrete brick imitation stone surface layer includes an automatic permeable brick conveyor line 1, permeable concrete imitation stone bricks 2, and a continuous laser generator 6. A laser generator mounting gantry 3 is installed on the automatic permeable brick conveyor line 1, and the continuous laser generator 6 is installed on the crossbeam of the laser generator mounting gantry 3. A permeable brick chain conveyor belt 5 is installed below the laser generator mounting gantry 3. Specific steps:
[0030] The first step is to measure or estimate the density of the solidified mortar on the surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2 imitation stone surface layer and the density of the solidified mortar in the permeable pores of the imitation stone surface layer, respectively.
[0031] The second step is to calculate the power of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator 6 based on the measured or estimated density of the solidified mortar on the surface of the imitation stone surface. The power of the emitted laser beam is enough to cause the solidified mortar to crack after being heated. Alternatively, the appropriate laser beam power can be determined by repeated on-site experiments and comparison of the effects of the treated imitation stone surface.
[0032] The third step is to focus the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator 6 onto the solidified mortar spot on the surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2 directly below the continuous laser generator 6.
[0033] The fourth step is to transport the concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2 to the direct under the continuous laser generator 6 via the permeable brick chain conveyor belt 5. The continuous laser generator 6 performs laser scanning irradiation on the imitation stone surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2 according to the laser beam power set in the second step and the laser beam focus set in the third step.
[0034] Step 5: After the concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2 is scanned and irradiated by the continuous laser generator 6, the pulsed high-pressure impact air pump set on the gantry frame 3 of the laser generator emits high-pressure impact airflow to blow the surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2. The high-pressure impact airflow forms a 60-degree angle with the surface of the permeable brick; the high-pressure impact airflow can also be designed to be angle-adjustable to facilitate the peeling of the solidified mortar.
[0035] The third step involves adjusting the focus of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator 6 onto the solidified mortar in the permeable pores of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick 2 that passes directly below the continuous laser generator 6. During this process, the amount of solidified mortar in the permeable pores can be estimated in advance, and the laser energy can be designed based on the estimated amount.
[0036] The density of the cement mortar used to bind adjacent sand in the stone-like surface layer of the semi-dry concrete permeable brick is 2.4 g / cm³. This value can be used as a reference value. Half or one-third of 2.4 g / cm³ can be used as the estimated value of the density of the solidified mortar on the surface of the stone-like permeable brick 2, or as the estimated value of the density of the solidified mortar in the permeable pores of the stone-like surface layer. This saves the time of measurement and tedious calculation. The empirical value can be obtained through repeated experiments on site.
[0037] The distance between the focal point of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator 6 and the top surface of the concrete permeable brick 2 should be less than or equal to 1 mm. Since the thickness of the solidified mortar on the concrete permeable brick surface made by the semi-dry method is 100 micrometers, while the thickness of the surface layer is 6 mm, 1 mm can be used as the limit position of the focal point of the laser beam.
Claims
1. A device for processing the setting mortar in the stone-like surface layer of a semi-dry method made concrete permeable brick, comprising an automatic permeable brick conveying line (1), a concrete stone-like permeable brick (2) and a continuous laser generator (6), characterized in that, A laser generator mounting gantry (3) is installed on the permeable brick automatic conveyor line (1). A continuous laser generator (6) is installed on the crossbeam of the laser generator mounting gantry (3). A permeable brick chain conveyor belt (5) is installed below the laser generator mounting gantry (3). A concrete imitation stone permeable brick (2) is installed on the permeable brick chain conveyor belt (5). When the concrete imitation stone permeable brick (2) passes directly below the continuous laser generator (6), it is irradiated by the continuous laser emitted by the continuous laser generator (6).
2. A device for processing the setting mortar in the stone-like surface layer of a semi-dry-method-made concrete permeable brick according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focal point of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator (6) is set in the solidified mortar spot on the surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick (2) that passes directly below the continuous laser generator (6).
3. A device for treating the setting mortar in the stone-like surface layer of a semi-dry-method manufactured concrete permeable brick according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focal point of the laser beam emitted by the continuous laser generator (6) is set on the solidified mortar in the permeable pores of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick (2) that passes directly below the continuous laser generator (6).
4. A device for treating the inner setting mortar of a stone-like surface layer of a semi-dry process manufactured concrete water-permeable brick according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, A pulsed high-pressure impact air pump is installed on the laser generator mounting gantry (3). The high-pressure impact airflow emitted by the pulsed high-pressure impact air pump has an angle of 60 degrees with the surface of the concrete imitation stone permeable brick (2).
5. A device for treating the setting mortar in the stone-like surface layer of a semi-dry-method manufactured concrete permeable brick according to claim 4, characterized in that, A permeable brick conveying first drive device (4) is provided on the left side of the permeable brick chain conveyor belt (5). The permeable brick conveying first drive device (4) conveys concrete imitation stone permeable bricks (2) to the permeable brick chain conveyor belt (5) through the push rod on it.