A river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to bridges
By using a combination of reinforced concrete bottom protection, permeable structures, and gabion slope protection at the skewed intersection of the bridge and the river, the problems of small angle between the bridge and the river and non-targeted protection were solved, thus achieving the safety and stability of the bridge and the river.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEBEI JISHUI PLANNING & DESIGN CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
The existing bridges have a small angle with the river channel, and the bridge piers are located on the embankment slope, which affects the safety of flood discharge in the river channel and the safety of the bridges themselves. In addition, the protection measures for the bridges crossing the river channel are not targeted, which leads to the risk of seepage damage and affects the normal flood discharge safety of the river channel.
The system employs a combination of reinforced concrete bottom and slope protection, permeable structures, and gabion stone cage bottom and slope protection, combined with geomembrane and KS adhesive bonding, to form multi-layer protection under the bridge and on both sides of the bridge, suitable for skewed flood discharge of bridges.
It effectively reduces the risk of flooding in river channels, protects the safety of bridges and river embankments, ensures normal flood discharge in river channels, and prevents seepage damage.
Smart Images
Figure CN224431359U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of river protection technology, and more specifically to a river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to a bridge. Background Technology
[0002] Flood discharge refers to the process of safely releasing floodwaters downstream or into flood storage areas through natural or artificial waterways during the flood season. The purpose is to prevent floodwaters from overflowing and inundating surrounding areas and to ensure flood control safety.
[0003] Currently, many bridges across rivers are not designed and constructed to meet the flood control requirements of the water resources department. The main problems include: the bridges have a small angle with the river channel; some bridge piers are located on the embankment slope, affecting the safety of flood discharge and the bridges themselves, necessitating remedial and protective measures. Furthermore, current flood control and remedial projects for the rivers crossed by bridges lack specificity; a single form of protection is often used both upstream and downstream, and bridge piers located on the embankment slope are generally not specially treated, posing a risk of seepage damage to the embankment and affecting the normal flood discharge safety of the river.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to bridges. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to bridges, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows.
[0007] A river protection structure suitable for oblique flood discharge with a bridge includes an under-bridge protection structure located within the bridge's projection area, and upstream and downstream protection structures located on both sides of the bridge. The upstream and downstream protection structures have the same structure. The under-bridge protection structure includes a reinforced concrete bottom protection set in the river channel, and reinforced concrete slope protection set on the water-facing side of the riverbanks on both sides of the river channel. A permeable structure is set on the back side of the riverbank in the under-bridge protection structure, and a medium-coarse sand cushion layer is set under the permeable structure. A geomembrane is set under the medium-coarse sand cushion layer, and the geomembrane is bonded with KS adhesive at the contact point between the bridge pier and the under-bridge protection structure. The upstream protection structure includes an upstream gabion bottom protection set in the river channel, and upstream gabion slope protection set on the water-facing side of the riverbanks on both sides of the river channel. The back side of the riverbank in the upstream protection structure is an earth slope.
[0008] To further optimize the technical solution, the permeable structure is a slope protection composed of gabion stone cages or dry-laid stone, and the thickness of the slope protection is 300-500mm.
[0009] To further optimize the technical solution, the reinforced concrete bottom protection and reinforced concrete slope protection include 300mm thick reinforced concrete, and below the reinforced concrete are 100mm thick C20 plain concrete cushion layer and 200g / 0.3mm / 200g geomembrane.
[0010] The technical solution was further optimized, and the reinforced concrete was C25W6F150 reinforced concrete.
[0011] The technical solution has been further optimized. The upstream gabion bottom protection and the upstream gabion slope protection have the same structure. The upstream gabion bottom protection includes a 400mm thick gabion, and below the gabion is a 100mm medium sand cushion layer and a 400g / m³ sand layer. 2 Geotextile.
[0012] The technological advancements achieved by this utility model are as follows, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions.
[0013] This utility model provides a river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to a bridge. It provides different forms of protection for the bridge's projected area and its upstream and downstream locations. The riverbed under the bridge and the upstream slope of the riverbank are protected with reinforced concrete and geomembrane, while the downstream slope of the riverbank uses a permeable structure to facilitate seepage and stability of the riverbank under the bridge. Gabion stone cages are used for protection on the upstream and downstream upstream and downstream riverbanks. This utility model can provide remedial protection for bridges that were not designed and constructed according to flood control requirements, reducing the risk of river flooding and protecting the safety of both the bridge and the riverbank. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the present invention;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0016] Among them: 1. River channel, 3. Upstream protection structure, 31. Earth slope, 32. Upstream gabion slope protection, 33. Upstream gabion bottom protection, 4. Bridge protection structure, 41. Permeable structure, 42. Reinforced concrete slope protection, 43. Reinforced concrete bottom protection, 5. Downstream protection structure. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0018] A river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to bridges, combined with Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the structure includes an upstream protective structure 3, a bridge under-bridge protective structure 4, and a downstream protective structure 5. The bridge under-bridge protective structure 4 is located within the bridge's projection area. The upstream protective structure 3 and the downstream protective structure 5 are located on both sides of the bridge, and their mechanisms are identical.
[0019] The upstream protection structure 3 includes an earth slope 31, an upstream gabion slope protection 32, and an upstream gabion bottom protection 33; the under-bridge protection structure 4 includes a permeable structure 41, a reinforced concrete slope protection 42, and a reinforced concrete bottom protection 43.
[0020] The bridge protection structure 4 includes a reinforced concrete bottom protection 43 installed in the river channel 1, and reinforced concrete slope protection 42 installed on the upstream side of the riverbanks on both sides of the river channel. The reinforced concrete bottom protection 43 and the reinforced concrete slope protection 42 have the same structure. The reinforced concrete bottom protection 43 consists of 300mm thick reinforced concrete, which is C25W6F150 reinforced concrete. Below the reinforced concrete is a 100mm thick C20 plain concrete cushion layer and a 200g / 0.3mm / 200g geomembrane. A permeable structure 41 is installed on the downstream side of the riverbank in the bridge protection structure 4. The permeable structure 41 is a slope protection composed of gabion stones or dry-laid stones, and the thickness of the slope protection is 300-500mm. A medium-coarse sand cushion layer is installed under the permeable structure 41, and a geomembrane is installed below the medium-coarse sand cushion layer. The geomembrane is bonded with KS adhesive at the contact points between the bridge piers and the bridge protection structure 4.
[0021] The upstream protection structure 3 includes an upstream gabion gabion bottom protection 33 installed in the river channel 1, and upstream gabion gabion slope protection 32 installed on the upstream side of the riverbank on both sides of the river channel; the downstream side of the riverbank located in the upstream protection structure 3 is an earth slope 31. The upstream gabion bottom protection 33 and the upstream gabion slope protection 32 have the same structure. The upstream gabion bottom protection 33 includes a 400mm thick gabion gabion, and below the gabion gabion is a 100mm medium sand cushion layer and a 400g / m³ sand core layer. 2 Geotextile.
[0022] Before being applied to river channel 1 protection, this utility model involves clearing the riverbed, primarily through surface clearing and site leveling. The clearing area is determined based on the actual conditions, generally 30-50cm. The riverbed and embankment slopes are determined based on upstream and downstream conditions, generally with a ratio less than 1:1.5. The upstream and downstream protection distances are determined according to the river channel 1 classification.
[0023] Before construction, geotextiles should be inspected. Products with defects such as tearing, deformation, aging, or excessive thinness should not be used. Geotextiles are laid manually. Before on-site laying, clear debris and level the foundation. The geotextile should be rolled smoothly and with appropriate tension, adhering tightly to the ground to avoid folds or wrinkles. The overlap width should be approximately 400mm. Care should be taken during construction to protect the geotextile from scratches and punctures; any damage should be repaired promptly. The main purpose is to prevent the erosion of the underlying soil from the gabion, which could affect the stability of the gabion slope protection.
[0024] Medium sand cushion layers are laid using methods such as vibration compaction, water compaction, tamping, and rolling. After the cushion layer is completed, the next construction process should be carried out in a timely manner; otherwise, barriers and temporary coverings should be erected, and the surface should be frequently moistened with water.
[0025] Pre-made gabion cages are used. After arranging the gabion cages, they are connected and tied together: each of the four corners of adjacent gabion cages is tied once at the top and bottom; the top and bottom frame lines or fold lines of adjacent gabion cages are tied every 20cm to 25cm. After the connection is completed, wooden poles or steel pipes of more than 6 meters in length can be used to temporarily fix the gabion cages along the edges to ensure that the edges are straight and smooth.
[0026] During the construction of the protective structure 4 under the bridge, the 200g / 0.3mm / 200g geomembrane is 200g / m³. 2 Geotextile, 0.3mm thick polyethylene (PE) geomembrane, 200g / m 2 The geotextile composite membrane. When laying the geomembrane, the goal is to minimize weld seams, with an overlap width of no less than 10cm between membranes. Typically, the weld seams are arranged parallel to the maximum slope, i.e., along the slope direction. Then, the plain concrete cushion layer is poured. During pouring, the joint filling meets all requirements, followed by the pouring of reinforced concrete. When the permeable structure 41 is composed of dry-laid stone, the medium-coarse sand cushion layer is compacted before construction. Filling is done in layers from bottom to top, with larger stones placed at the bottom and the flatter side exposed, appropriately elongated. Appropriately sized stones are used to fill the grooves and joints, and the stones are hammered in place to ensure the slope is stable.
Claims
1. A river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to a bridge, characterized in that: The structure includes a bridge protection structure (4) located within the bridge projection area, and an upstream protection structure (3) and a downstream protection structure (5) located on both sides of the bridge. The upstream protection structure (3) and the downstream protection structure (5) have the same structure. The bridge protection structure (4) includes a reinforced concrete bottom protection (43) set in the river channel (1), and reinforced concrete slope protection (42) set on the water-facing side of the riverbank on both sides of the river channel. A permeable structure (41) is set on the back side of the riverbank in the bridge protection structure (4), and a medium-coarse sand cushion layer is set under the permeable structure (41). A geomembrane is set under the medium-coarse sand cushion layer, and the geomembrane at the contact position between the bridge pier and the bridge protection structure (4) is bonded with KS adhesive. The upstream protection structure (3) includes an upstream gabion bottom protection (33) set in the river channel (1), and upstream gabion slope protection (32) set on the water-facing side of the riverbank on both sides of the river channel. The back side of the riverbank in the upstream protection structure (3) is a soil slope (31).
2. A river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to a bridge, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The permeable structure (41) is a slope protection composed of gabion stone cages or dry-laid stone, and the thickness of the slope protection is 300-500mm.
3. A river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to a bridge, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforced concrete bottom protection (43) and reinforced concrete slope protection (42) include 300mm thick reinforced concrete, and below the reinforced concrete are 100mm thick C20 plain concrete cushion layer and 200g / 0.3mm / 200g geomembrane.
4. A river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to a bridge, as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforced concrete is C25W6F150 reinforced concrete.
5. A river protection structure suitable for flood discharge at an angle to a bridge, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream gabion bottom protection (33) and the upstream gabion slope protection (32) have the same structure. The upstream gabion bottom protection (33) includes a 400mm thick gabion, and below the gabion is a 100mm medium sand cushion layer and a 400g / m³ sand layer. 2 Geotextile.