A type of photovoltaic tile

Abstract

This utility model discloses a photovoltaic tile, belonging to the field of photovoltaic technology, comprising: a left frame, a cover plate, upper mounting components, an equipotential conductor, lower connecting pieces, a right frame, and a photovoltaic module; the left frame is installed on the left side of the photovoltaic module; the cover plate is disposed above the left frame and connected to the left frame; multiple upper mounting components are spaced apart and installed on the top of the photovoltaic module; the equipotential conductor is installed on the top of the photovoltaic module; multiple lower connecting pieces are installed on the back of the photovoltaic module; the right frame is installed on the right side of the photovoltaic module. This utility model's photovoltaic tile optimizes the upper mounting components and lower connecting pieces, simplifies the installation method, and reduces the height difference between the upper and lower photovoltaic tiles; it also optimizes the left frame and cover plate, using a split "F"-shaped water-guiding channel frame, which strengthens the double water-blocking effect while making the frame easier to disassemble and install.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic tile. Background Technology

[0002] Existing photovoltaic (PV) roofing tiles suffer from severe light pollution due to strong reflections from the front glass. The PET (polyethylene terephthalate) backsheet material also exhibits poor fire resistance and mechanical properties. Furthermore, current PV roofing tiles require pre-embedded parts or clamps for secure installation, resulting in complex installation procedures that cannot be easily disassembled and reinstalled independently, leading to high labor and maintenance costs. Additionally, existing PV roofing tiles often have significant gaps between the left and right modules, necessitating the use of weather-resistant sealant or spacers for waterproofing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of PV roofing tile. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this utility model discloses a photovoltaic tile, comprising: a left frame, a cover plate, an upper mounting component, an equipotential conductor, a lower overlapping component, a right frame, and a photovoltaic module;

[0004] The left frame is installed on the left side of the photovoltaic module;

[0005] The cover plate is located above the left frame and is connected to the left frame;

[0006] Multiple mounting components are spaced apart and mounted on top of the photovoltaic module;

[0007] The equipotential conductor is installed on the top of the photovoltaic module;

[0008] Multiple of the aforementioned lower connectors are installed on the back of the photovoltaic module;

[0009] The right frame is installed on the right side of the photovoltaic module;

[0010] The cross-section of the left frame is hook-shaped, with a third positioning groove and a first water guiding groove arranged side by side at one end;

[0011] The cover plate has an overall F-shaped cross-section, and the lower surface is provided with a fourth positioning groove and a fifth positioning groove at intervals; a second water guide groove is provided below the fourth positioning groove;

[0012] The fourth positioning groove engages with the third positioning groove;

[0013] The lower lap joint has a T-shaped cross-section and is provided with a long through hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper mounting component includes a first plate and a second plate that are perpendicular to each other;

[0015] The first plate is provided with a first positioning groove and a threaded hole, with the threaded hole located above the first positioning groove;

[0016] The second plate has a folded edge on one side.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper mounting component is T-shaped overall.

[0018] Furthermore, the right frame is provided with a second positioning groove.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes junction boxes;

[0020] The junction box is located on the back of the photovoltaic module and is connected to the photovoltaic module.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes adhesive strips;

[0022] The adhesive strip is installed on the top of the photovoltaic module, below the equipotential conductor.

[0023] Furthermore, the equipotential conductor is made of copper or galvanized flat steel.

[0024] Furthermore, the substrate of the upper mounting component, lower connecting component, left frame, right frame and cover plate is one of aluminum alloy, steel and fiberglass composite material; a coating is provided on the substrate.

[0025] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module includes, from top to bottom, a glass layer, a first encapsulant layer, a cell array layer, a second encapsulant layer, a first backsheet layer, a third encapsulant layer, and a second backsheet layer.

[0026] Furthermore, the thickness of the glass layer is 1.5~6mm.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0028] 1. The upper mounting components and lower overlapping parts have been optimized, simplifying the installation method and reducing the height difference between the upper and lower photovoltaic tiles;

[0029] 2. The left frame and cover plate have been optimized, and a split "F"-shaped water channel frame has been used, which strengthens the double water blocking while making it easier to disassemble and install the frame; the cover plate covers the gap between the left and right components to achieve excellent waterproof effect.

[0030] 3. By using equipotential conductors to connect the various components and cooperating with the roof metal battens, the potential difference of the photovoltaic roof can be eliminated, avoiding equipment damage or personal injury caused by lightning strikes or operational overvoltages. At the same time, it simplifies the steps of carrying out equipotential and grounding operations after installing photovoltaic modules on the roof.

[0031] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the structures pointed out in the description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A perspective view of a photovoltaic tile according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 2 A perspective view of a photovoltaic tile with its cover plate and adhesive strip removed, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the right frame according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the left frame according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the upper mounting component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the lower lap joint according to an embodiment of the present utility model is shown;

[0040] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the overlap of the left frame, right frame, and cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the overlapping of photovoltaic tiles according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of disassembling a single photovoltaic tile according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the glass layer according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0045] Figure 13 An equivalent circuit diagram of an equipotential conductor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0046] Reference numerals: 1. Left border; 11. Third positioning groove; 12. First water guide groove;

[0047] 2. Cover plate; 21. Second water guide channel; 22. Fourth positioning channel; 23. Fifth positioning channel;

[0048] 3. Upper mounting components; 31. First positioning groove;

[0049] 4. Equipotential conductor;

[0050] 5. Junction box;

[0051] 6. Adhesive strips;

[0052] 7. Lower overlapping component;

[0053] 8. Right side frame; 81. Second positioning slot;

[0054] 9. Photovoltaic module; 91. Glass layer; 92. First encapsulant layer; 93. Cell array layer; 94. Second encapsulant layer; 95. First backsheet layer; 96. Third encapsulant layer; 97. Second backsheet layer;

[0055] 10. Hanging battens. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0057] Figure 1 A perspective view of a photovoltaic tile according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a photovoltaic tile proposed in this embodiment of the present invention includes: a left frame 1, a cover plate 2, an upper mounting component 3, an equipotential conductor 4, a lower overlapping component 7, a right frame 8, and a photovoltaic module 9;

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the left frame 1 is installed on the left side of the photovoltaic module 9;

[0059] The cover plate 2 is disposed above the left frame 1 and is connected to the left frame 1;

[0060] Multiple mounting components 3 are spaced apart and mounted on the top (back) of the photovoltaic module 9.

[0061] The equipotential conductor 4 is installed on the top (front) of the photovoltaic module 9.

[0062] Multiple of the aforementioned lower connectors 7 are installed on the back of the photovoltaic module 9;

[0063] The right frame is installed on the right side of the photovoltaic module 9;

[0064] like Figure 4 As shown, the cross-section of the left frame 1 is hook-shaped, with a third positioning groove 11 and a first water guiding groove 12 arranged side by side at one end;

[0065] like Figure 5 As shown, the cover plate 2 has an overall F-shaped cross-section, and the lower surface is provided with a fourth positioning groove 22 and a fifth positioning groove 23 at intervals; a second water guide groove 21 is provided below the fourth positioning groove 22;

[0066] The fourth positioning groove 22 engages with the third positioning groove 11; the fifth positioning groove 23 cooperates with the protrusion at the top of the left frame 1;

[0067] like Figure 7 As shown, the lower lap joint 7 has a T-shaped cross-section and is provided with a long through hole.

[0068] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the upper mounting member 3 includes a first plate and a second plate that are perpendicular to each other;

[0069] The first plate is provided with a first positioning groove 31 and a threaded hole, with the threaded hole located above the first positioning groove 31;

[0070] The second plate has a folded edge on one side to form a hook surface. The mounting surface of the second plate has a threaded hole, and the extension surface has a through hole. The mounting surface (located on the right side of the first plate), the extension surface (located on the left side of the first plate), and the hook surface (located on the left side of the extension surface) of the second plate are connected in sequence.

[0071] In some embodiments, the upper mounting member 3 is generally T-shaped.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the right frame 8 has a mounting surface on one side and a second positioning groove 81 on the other side.

[0073] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic tile also includes a junction box 5;

[0074] The junction box 5 is located on the back of the photovoltaic module 9 and is connected to the photovoltaic module 9.

[0075] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic tile further includes an adhesive strip 6;

[0076] The adhesive strip 6 is installed on the top (front) of the photovoltaic module 9, below the equipotential conductor 4.

[0077] The sealing strip 6 is installed on the photovoltaic module 9 using structural adhesive, parallel to the long side and located below the glass through-hole, to block water and prevent water from flowing back onto the roof.

[0078] In some embodiments, the equipotential conductor 4 is made of copper or galvanized flat steel.

[0079] The equipotential conductor 4 is a metal strip with low resistance characteristics. Its material is typically low-resistance metal such as pure copper wire (cross-sectional area greater than or equal to 6 square millimeters) or galvanized flat steel. The equipotential conductor 4 has three through holes, which are connected to the left frame 1, right frame 8, and upper mounting component 3 respectively using metal screws. After the photovoltaic tiles are installed onto the metal roofing strips 10 using self-tapping screws, the equipotential of the entire photovoltaic roof is achieved.

[0080] like Figure 13 As shown, one end of the power supply is connected to one end of the equivalent resistor, the other end of the equivalent resistor is connected to the upper end of the capacitor and the upper end of the load resistor, and the lower end of the capacitor and the lower end of the load resistor are connected to the other end of the power supply. The capacitor and the load resistor are connected in parallel.

[0081] Power supply (V) SM (R): Represents lightning current or the power supply of electrical equipment. Equivalent resistance (R) eq 4. Represents the connection resistance between the metal components of the photovoltaic tile. Using a low-resistance equipotential conductor 4 can reduce the connection resistance between the metal components of the photovoltaic tile, ensuring the reliability of the electrical connection. Capacitance (C1): Represents the capacitance between the roof metal components and the ground. In the event of a lightning strike, the capacitor can provide some protection, preventing lightning current from directly passing through the roof metal components. Load resistance (R) i ): Represents the connection resistance between the roof metal components and the grounding system. I sm V represents current. eq This is the equivalent voltage.

[0082] In some embodiments, the substrate of the upper mounting member 3, the lower overlapping member 7, the left frame 1, the right frame 8 and the cover plate 2 is one of aluminum alloy, steel and fiberglass composite materials.

[0083] A protective coating is applied to the substrate, and the coating process includes at least one of anodizing, electrophoretic coating, liquid coating, powder coating, and water-based coating. The color of the coating is basically consistent with that of the photovoltaic module 9.

[0084] like Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 9 includes, from top to bottom, a glass layer 91, a first encapsulant layer 92, a cell array layer 93, a second encapsulant layer 94, a first backsheet layer 95, a third encapsulant layer 96, and a second backsheet layer 97.

[0085] The first back panel layer 95 is made of PET; the second back panel layer 97 is made of metal.

[0086] By employing a dual-stage constant-pressure lamination technique to encapsulate the above structure, a photovoltaic module 9 is produced. The dual-stage constant-pressure lamination technique ensures that the module will not warp due to the rapid thermal shrinkage of the metal backsheet layer.

[0087] like Figure 12 As shown, the glass layer 91 is one of acid-etched rain pattern glass, matte anti-glare flat glass, or photovoltaic patterned / float glass, with a thickness between 1.5 and 6 mm. There are through holes with a diameter of 4 to 8 mm on the upper side of the glass to assemble the mounting component 3 and the equipotential conductor 4.

[0088] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0089] 1. The upper mounting component 3 and the lower overlapping component 7 have been optimized, simplifying the installation method and reducing the height difference between the upper and lower photovoltaic tiles;

[0090] 2. The left frame 1 and cover plate 2 have been optimized and a split "F"-shaped water channel frame has been used, which strengthens the double water blocking while making it easier to disassemble and install the frame; the cover plate covers the gap between the left and right components to achieve excellent waterproof effect.

[0091] 3. By using equipotential conductors 4 to connect the components and cooperating with the roof metal battens 10, the potential difference of the photovoltaic roof can be eliminated, avoiding equipment damage or personal injury caused by lightning strikes or operational overvoltages. At the same time, it simplifies the steps of carrying out equipotential and grounding operations after installing photovoltaic modules 9 on the roof.

[0092] For example, after the left frame 1 and right frame 8 are coated with foam and structural adhesive on their mounting surfaces, they are attached tightly to the back of the photovoltaic module 9, respectively, and installed on the left and right short sides of the photovoltaic module 9, aligned with the top and bottom ends of the photovoltaic module 9. The left frame 1 and right frame 8 have concealed chamfers, which allow the adhesive strip 6 to cover the mounting surfaces of the left frame 1 and right frame 8 after the photovoltaic tile is installed, achieving a visually hidden mounting surface effect. In this structure, the structural adhesive can be replaced by photovoltaic silicone.

[0093] After fixing the left frame 1 and the right frame 8, align the through hole of the equipotential conductor 4 with the through hole of the glass layer 91 and the upper threaded hole of the left frame 1. The left frame 1 has a threaded hole, and the cover plate 2 has a through hole. After aligning the fourth positioning groove 22 of the cover plate 2 with the third positioning groove 11 of the left frame 1, use screws to fix the cover plate 2 to the left frame 1. After assembly, the first water guide groove 12 of the left frame 1 and the second water guide groove 21 of the cover plate 2 will combine into a split "F"-shaped water guide groove. Through the double water guide design, the waterproof performance of the product for the roof is increased.

[0094] Each photovoltaic tile product includes two sets of upper mounting components 3. The upper mounting components 3 are fixed to the photovoltaic module 9 using screws through the threaded holes on the mounting surface of the upper mounting components 3, with the mounting surface of the upper mounting components 3 in close contact with the back of the photovoltaic module 9.

[0095] The lower overlap 7 is fixed to the photovoltaic module 9 using foam and structural adhesive, and its position is located in the lower area on the back of the photovoltaic module 9. In this structure, the structural adhesive can be replaced by photovoltaic silicone.

[0096] like Figure 9 As shown, after the installation of the water-guiding strips and tile strips 10 on the photovoltaic roof, the photovoltaic tiles are installed. Between the upper and lower layers of photovoltaic tiles, the long through hole of the lower overlap member 7 of the current photovoltaic tile and the screw of the upper mounting member 3 of the lower photovoltaic tile are connected to each other. Then, the upper mounting member 3 of the lower photovoltaic tile is installed on the tile strip 10 using screws.

[0097] like Figure 8 As shown, between the left and right photovoltaic tiles, the first water guide groove 12 of the left frame 1 of this photovoltaic tile overlaps with the second positioning groove 81 of the right frame 8 of the left photovoltaic tile to form a double "F"-shaped water guide groove.

[0098] like Figure 10 As shown, when it is necessary to remove a single photovoltaic tile, simply remove the screws and adhesive strips 6 connecting the photovoltaic module 9 of this photovoltaic tile to the upper mounting component 3, and at the same time remove the screws on the lower overlapping part 7 of the lower photovoltaic tile. Then, move the photovoltaic tile downwards to remove the photovoltaic tile.

[0099] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic tile, characterized in that, include: Left frame (1), cover plate (2), upper mounting component (3), equipotential conductor (4), lower overlap (7), right frame (8) and photovoltaic module (9); The left frame (1) is installed on the left side of the photovoltaic module (9); The cover plate (2) is disposed above the left frame (1) and is connected to the left frame (1); Multiple mounting components (3) are spaced apart and mounted on the top of the photovoltaic module (9); The equipotential conductor (4) is installed on the top of the photovoltaic module (9); Multiple of the aforementioned lower connectors (7) are mounted on the back of the photovoltaic module (9); The right frame is installed on the right side of the photovoltaic module (9); The cross-section of the left frame (1) is hook-shaped, with a third positioning groove (11) and a first water guide groove (12) arranged side by side at one end. The cover plate (2) has an overall F-shaped cross section, and the lower surface is provided with a fourth positioning groove (22) and a fifth positioning groove (23) at intervals; a second water guide groove (21) is provided below the fourth positioning groove (22); The fourth positioning groove (22) engages with the third positioning groove (11); The lower lap joint (7) has a T-shaped cross section and is provided with a long through hole.

2. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper mounting component (3) includes a first plate and a second plate that are perpendicular to each other; The first plate is provided with a first positioning groove (31) and a threaded hole, with the threaded hole located above the first positioning groove (31); The second plate has a folded edge on one side.

3. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The upper mounting component (3) is T-shaped as a whole.

4. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The right frame (8) is provided with a second positioning groove (81).

5. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the junction box (5); The junction box (5) is located on the back of the photovoltaic module (9) and is connected to the photovoltaic module (9).

6. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes adhesive strips (6); The adhesive strip (6) is installed on the top of the photovoltaic module (9) and located below the equipotential conductor (4).

7. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipotential conductor (4) is made of copper or galvanized flat steel.

8. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrates of the upper mounting component (3), lower lap joint (7), left frame (1), right frame (8) and cover plate (2) are one of aluminum alloy, steel and fiberglass composite materials; and the substrates are coated.

9. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module (9) includes, from top to bottom, a glass layer (91), a first encapsulant layer (92), a cell array layer (93), a second encapsulant layer (94), a first backsheet layer (95), a third encapsulant layer (96), and a second backsheet layer (97).

10. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the glass layer (91) is 1.5~6mm.

Images