An air quality sampling device

Abstract

This utility model discloses an air quality acquisition device. The output of a DC-DC power conversion circuit is connected to the inputs of a first LDO voltage regulator circuit, a second LDO voltage regulator circuit, and a sensor module. The first LDO voltage regulator circuit provides power to the control circuit only; the second LDO voltage regulator circuit provides power to the sensor module and the communication module. This balances the power supply needs of each module and ensures the power supply safety of the acquisition system. The communication module is divided into a wired communication circuit and a wireless communication circuit. The control circuit is electrically connected to the sensor module and connected to a remote end via the communication module. This allows the controller to select the appropriate method of transmitting data to the remote communication end after receiving data from the sensor module, ensuring data integrity. The remote end can also adjust the sensor parameters through the controller to further ensure data accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of air collection equipment, specifically relating to an air quality collection device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, air quality monitoring devices typically only support wired or wireless transmission after the air sensors collect air quality data, resulting in poor compatibility. When network conditions are unfavorable, data transmission and communication are affected, impacting the device's efficiency. Furthermore, each module requires a separate voltage conversion module, leading to a limited and inefficient power supply. Additionally, air quality sensors generally collect and upload only one or two parameters, typically no more than four types. In practice, if users require collecting multiple types of air parameters, the only solution is to increase the number of sensor transmitters, wasting resources.

[0003] To solve the above problems, a new air quality sampling device is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an air quality collection device to solve the technical problems of poor device compatibility and the single power supply method of the power module in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows:

[0006] An air quality monitoring device includes: a power supply module, a control circuit, a sensor circuit, and a communication module. The control circuit is connected to the power supply module, the sensor circuit, and the communication module. The power supply module includes: a DC-DC power conversion circuit for converting external voltage, a first LDO voltage regulator circuit for further converting the output voltage of the DC-DC power conversion circuit, and a second LDO voltage regulator circuit for further converting the output voltage of the DC-DC power conversion circuit. The communication module includes: a wired communication circuit and a wireless communication circuit for enabling communication between the control circuit and a remote device. The control circuit collects and processes sensor data from the sensor module and adjusts the sensor parameters in the sensor module according to control commands from the remote device. The output terminal of the DC-DC power conversion circuit is connected to the input terminal of the first LDO voltage regulator circuit, the input terminal of the second LDO voltage regulator circuit, and the power supply voltage input terminal of the sensor module. The output terminal of the first LDO voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply voltage input terminal of the control circuit. The output terminal of the second LDO voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply voltage input terminal of the sensor module and the power supply voltage input terminal of the communication module.

[0007] Preferably, the sensor circuit includes: a temperature and humidity sensor circuit, a CO2 sensor circuit, a formaldehyde sensor circuit, a TVOC sensor circuit, a PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuit, a light sensor circuit, and a noise sensor circuit, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor circuit, CO2 sensor circuit, formaldehyde sensor circuit, TVOC sensor circuit, PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuit, light sensor circuit, and noise sensor circuit are respectively connected to the control circuit.

[0008] Preferably, the wired communication circuit includes an RS485 communication circuit and an RS232 communication circuit; the wireless communication circuit includes a LoRa communication circuit and a ZigBee communication circuit, wherein the RS485 communication circuit, RS232 communication circuit, LoRa communication circuit, and ZigBee communication circuit are respectively connected to the control circuit and the remote end.

[0009] Preferably, the DC-DC power conversion circuit includes a DC-DC power chip U1, resistors R1 and R2, capacitor C1, inductor L1, rectifier diode D1, capacitor CD1, and capacitor CD2; pin 4 of the DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R1 and one end of resistor R2, the other end of resistor R1 is electrically connected to the external voltage input terminal, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to digital ground; pin 1 of the DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C1, the other end of capacitor C1 is electrically connected to one end of inductor L1 and one end of rectifier diode D1, and the other end of inductor L1 is connected to the external voltage input terminal, the power supply voltage output terminal, and one end of capacitor CD1. The DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to the following terminals: pin 8 is electrically connected to one end of rectifier diode D1, and the other end of rectifier diode D1 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor CD1 and connected to digital ground; pin 7 of the DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor CD2 and the power supply voltage output terminal, and the other end of capacitor CD2 is connected to digital ground; pins 6 and 9 of the DC-DC power chip U1 are connected to digital ground; the power supply voltage output terminal is the power supply voltage input terminal for the first LDO voltage regulator circuit, the second LDO voltage regulator circuit, the CO2 sensor circuit, the formaldehyde sensor circuit, the TVOC sensor circuit, the PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuits, and the noise sensor circuit.

[0010] The first LDO voltage regulator circuit includes: a first voltage regulator chip U4, capacitor C4, and capacitor C5. Pin 3 of the first voltage regulator chip U4 is electrically connected to the power supply voltage output terminal and one end of capacitor C4, while the other end of capacitor C4 is connected to digital ground. Pins 2 and 4 of the first voltage regulator chip U4 are electrically connected to one end of capacitor C5 and the first power supply voltage output terminal, while the other end of capacitor C5 is connected to digital ground. The first power supply voltage output terminal is the power supply voltage input terminal of the control circuit.

[0011] The second LDO voltage regulator circuit includes: a second voltage regulator chip U7, capacitor C8, and capacitor C9. Pin 3 of the second voltage regulator chip U7 is electrically connected to the power supply voltage output terminal and one end of capacitor C8, while the other end of capacitor C8 is connected to digital ground. Pins 2 and 4 of the second voltage regulator chip U7 are electrically connected to one end of capacitor C9 and the second power supply voltage output terminal, while the other end of capacitor C9 is connected to digital ground. The second power supply voltage output terminal is the power supply voltage input terminal for the temperature and humidity sensor circuit, the light sensor circuit, the RS485 communication circuit, the RS232 communication circuit, the LoRa communication circuit, and the ZigBee communication circuit.

[0012] Preferably, the DC-DC power chip U1 is a BUCK type DC-DC power chip.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature and humidity sensor circuit includes: a temperature and humidity sensor chip U3, a capacitor C2, a resistor R3, and a resistor R4. Pins 2 and 4 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 2 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3, one end of capacitor C2, one end of resistor R3, and one end of resistor R4, respectively. The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to digital ground. The other ends of resistor R3 and resistor R4 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins 2 and 4 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3 on the controller. Pin 3 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3 is connected to digital ground.

[0014] The CO2 sensor circuit includes: CO2 sensor core U2, capacitor C3, the power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 6 of CO2 sensor core U2 and one end of capacitor C3 respectively, the other end of capacitor C3 and pin 7 of CO2 sensor core U2 are connected to digital ground, and pins 3 and 4 of CO2 sensor core U2 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller.

[0015] The formaldehyde sensor circuit includes: a formaldehyde sensor chip U5, a capacitor C7, and the power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 4 of the formaldehyde sensor chip U5 and one end of the capacitor C7, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C7 and pin 3 of the formaldehyde sensor chip U5 are connected to digital ground. Pins 5 and 6 of the formaldehyde sensor chip U5 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller.

[0016] The TVOC sensor circuit includes: a TVOC sensor chip U8 and a capacitor C10. The power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of the TVOC sensor chip U8 and one end of the capacitor C10, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C10 and pin 2 of the TVOC sensor chip U8 are connected to digital ground. Pins 3 and 4 of the TVOC sensor chip U8 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller.

[0017] The PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuits include: PM2.5 sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9, capacitor C11, and the power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of PM2.5 sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9 and one end of capacitor C11, respectively. The other end of capacitor C11 and pin 2 of PM2.5 sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9 are connected to digital ground. Pins 4 and 5 of PM2.5 sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller.

[0018] The noise sensor circuit includes: a noise sensor chip U10 and a capacitor C12. The power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of the noise sensor chip U10 and one end of the capacitor C12, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C12 and pin 5 of the noise sensor chip U10 are connected to digital ground. Pins 2 and 3 of the noise sensor chip U10 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller.

[0019] The light sensor circuit includes: a light sensor chip U6, a capacitor C6, a resistor R5, and a resistor R6. Pins 4 and 5 of the light sensor chip U6 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of the light sensor chip U6, one end of capacitor C6, one end of resistor R5, and one end of resistor R6, respectively. The other end of capacitor C6 is connected to digital ground. The other ends of resistor R5 and resistor R6 are electrically connected to pins 4 and 5 of the light sensor chip U6 at the corresponding pins of the controller. Pin 2 of the light sensor chip U6 is connected to digital ground.

[0020] Preferably, the RS485 communication circuit includes: an RS485 communication conversion chip U16, resistors R13, R17, and R18, electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection devices TVS1, TVS2, and TVS3, fuses F1 and F2, and capacitor C28. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 8 of the RS485 communication conversion chip U16, one end of capacitor C28, and one end of resistor R18. Pin 7 of the RS485 communication conversion chip U16 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R17, one end of resistor R13, one end of ESD protection device TVS1, and one end of fuse F1. Pin 6 of 16 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R18, the other end of resistor R13, the other end of electrostatic discharge device TVS1, one end of electrostatic discharge device TVS2, one end of electrostatic discharge device TVS3, and one end of fuse F2. The other end of capacitor C28, pin 5 of RS485 communication conversion chip U16, the other end of resistor R17, the other end of electrostatic discharge device TVS2, and the other end of electrostatic discharge device TVS3 are connected to digital ground. Pins 1, 4, 2, and 3 of RS485 communication conversion chip U16 are connected and then electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to the remote end.

[0021] The RS232 communication circuit includes: an RS232 communication conversion chip U14, capacitors C21, C22, C23, C24, and C25, and protection devices ESD1 and ESD2. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 16 of the RS232 communication conversion chip U14, one end of capacitor C22, and one end of capacitor C25. Pin 2 of the RS232 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C22. Pin 1 of the RS232 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to pin 3 of the RS232 communication conversion chip U16 via capacitor C21. Pin 4 of the RS232 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to the RS232 communication conversion chip U16 via capacitor C23. Pin 5 of the communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected; pin 6 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is connected to one end of capacitor C24; the other end of capacitor C24, the other end of capacitor C25, and pin 15 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U16 are connected to digital ground; pins 11 and 12 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U14 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller; pin 13 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to one end of the protection device ESD1 and to the remote end; pin 14 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to one end of the protection device ESD2 and to the remote end; the other ends of protection devices ESD1 and ESD2 are connected to digital ground.

[0022] The LoRa communication circuit includes: a LoRa communication chip U15 and a capacitor C27. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 8 of the LoRa communication chip U15 and one end of the capacitor C27. Pins 7, 14, and 16 of the LoRa communication chip U15 and the other end of the capacitor C27 are connected to digital ground. Pins 1, 2, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 of the LoRa communication chip U15 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller.

[0023] The ZigBee communication circuit includes: a ZigBee communication chip U13 and a capacitor C26. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 31 of the ZigBee communication chip U13 and one end of the capacitor C26, respectively. Pins 37, 35, and 30 of the ZigBee communication chip U13 and the other end of the capacitor C26 are connected to digital ground. Pins 12, 15, and 28 of the ZigBee communication chip U13 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller.

[0024] Preferably, the control circuit includes: a controller U11, a crystal oscillator Y1, capacitors C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, and C19, resistors R7, R8, and R9, an SWD debugging interface J1, and a crystal oscillator Y2. The first power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pins 6, 17, 30, 32, 33, 39, 52, 62, 72, 84, 95, 108, 121, and 131 of the controller U11, one end of capacitor C16, pin 4 of the crystal oscillator Y2, one end of resistor R7, pin 1 of the SWD debugging interface J1, one end of capacitor C19, one end of resistor R8, and one end of resistor R9. Pins 16, 31, 38, 51, 61, 83, 94, 107, 120, and 130 of controller U11, the other end of capacitor C16, pin 2 of crystal oscillator Y2, pin 2 of SWD debugging interface J1, and the other end of capacitor C19 are connected to digital ground; pins 71 and 106 of controller U11 are connected to capacitors C18 and C13 respectively, and then connected to digital ground; pins 8 and 9 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 1 and 2 of crystal oscillator Y1 respectively, and pins 1 and 2 of crystal oscillator Y1 are connected to capacitors C14 and C15 respectively, and then connected to digital ground; pins 10 and 11 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 4 and 5 of light sensor chip U6, and pins 18 and 19 of controller U11 are connected to PM2.Pins 4 and 5 of the sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9 are electrically connected. Pin 23 of the controller U11 is electrically connected to pin 3 of the crystal oscillator Y2. Pin 25 of the controller U11 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R7 and one end of capacitor C17, with the other end of capacitor C17 connected to digital ground. Pin 3 of the SWD debugging interface J1 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R8 and pin 109 of the controller U11. Pin 4 of the SWD debugging interface J1 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R9 and pin 105 of the controller U11. Pins 35, 36, and 37 of the controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 1, 4, 2, and 3 of the RS485 communication conversion chip U16, respectively. Pins 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, and 47 of the controller U11 are connected to pins 13, 12, 11, 10, 1, and 2 of the LoRa communication chip U15, respectively. Pins 9 and 4 are electrically connected. Pins 46, 69, and 70 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 28, 15, and 12 of ZigBee communication chip U13, respectively. Pins 96 and 97 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 3 and 4 of TVOC sensor chip U8, respectively. Pins 101 and 102 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 11 and 12 of RS332 communication conversion chip U14, respectively. Pins 111 and 112 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 4 and 3 of CO2 sensor chip U2, respectively. Pins 113 and 116 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 5 and 6 of formaldehyde sensor chip U5, respectively. Pins 139 and 140 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 5 and 4 of light sensor chip U6, respectively. Pins 141 and 142 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 3 and 2 of noise sensor chip U10, respectively. Pins 48 and 138 of controller U11 are the start pins, and pin 46 of controller U11 is the wireless transmission pin.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting up a DC-DC power conversion circuit, a first LDO voltage regulator circuit, and a second LDO voltage regulator circuit; the output terminal of the DC-DC power conversion circuit is connected to the input terminals of the first and second LDO voltage regulator circuits, and the sensor circuit, respectively; the output terminal of the first LDO voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply voltage input terminal of the control circuit, so that the voltage output by the first LDO voltage regulator circuit only provides power to the control circuit; the output terminal of the second LDO voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply voltage input terminals of the sensor module and the communication module, respectively, providing them with power supply voltage; thus, the power supply requirements of each module are balanced, ensuring the power supply safety of the data acquisition system. The communication module is configured with both wired and wireless communication circuits; after receiving data from the sensor module, the controller can select the appropriate method to send data to the remote communication terminal based on the site conditions, ensuring data integrity. The remote end can also adjust the sensor parameters through the controller, further ensuring data accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the various modules of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the DC-DC power conversion circuit in the power module of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the first LDO voltage regulator circuit in the power module of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the second LDO voltage regulator circuit in the power module of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the temperature and humidity sensor circuit in the sensor module of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the CO2 sensor circuit in the sensor module of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the formaldehyde sensor circuit in the sensor module of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the TVOC sensor circuit in the sensor module of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuits in the sensor module of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 10This is a circuit diagram of the noise sensor circuit in the sensor module of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of the light sensor circuit in the sensor module of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a circuit diagram of the RS485 communication circuit in the communication module of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a circuit diagram of the RS232 communication circuit in the communication module of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a circuit diagram of the LoRa communication circuit in the communication module of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a circuit diagram of the ZigBee communication circuit in the communication module of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 16 This is a circuit diagram of the control circuit in the control circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model discloses an air quality acquisition device, including: a power supply module, a control circuit, a sensor circuit, and a communication module. The control circuit is connected to the power supply module, the sensor circuit, and the communication module respectively. The power supply module includes: a DC-DC power conversion circuit for converting external voltage, a first LDO voltage regulator circuit for further converting the output voltage of the DC-DC power conversion circuit, and a second LDO voltage regulator circuit for further converting the output voltage of the DC-DC power conversion circuit. The control circuit acquires and processes sensor data in the sensor module and adjusts the sensor parameters in the sensor module according to remote control commands. The output terminal of the DC-DC power conversion circuit is divided into... The first LDO voltage regulator is not connected to the input terminals of the first LDO voltage regulator circuit, the second LDO voltage regulator circuit, or the power supply voltage input terminal of the sensor module. The output terminal of the first LDO voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply voltage input terminal of the control circuit. The output terminal of the second LDO voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply voltage input terminals of the sensor module and the communication module, respectively, so that the voltage output by the first LDO voltage regulator circuit only provides power to the control circuit. The output terminal of the second LDO voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply voltage input terminals of the sensor module and the communication module, respectively, to provide them with power supply voltage. This balances the power supply needs of each module and ensures the power supply safety of the data acquisition system. The communication module includes: a wired communication circuit and a wireless communication circuit for communication between the control circuit and the remote end. After receiving data sent by the sensor module, the controller can select the method of sending data to the remote communication end according to the field conditions to ensure data integrity. The remote end can also adjust the sensor parameters through the controller to further ensure data accuracy.

[0044] Among them, such as Figure 2As shown, the DC-DC power conversion circuit includes a DC-DC power chip U1, resistors R1 and R2, capacitor C1, inductor L1, rectifier diode D1, capacitor CD1, and capacitor CD2. The DC-DC power chip U1 is a BUCK-type DC-DC power chip. Pin 4 of the DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R1 and one end of resistor R2. The other end of resistor R1 is electrically connected to the external voltage input terminal, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to digital ground. Resistors R1 and R2 form a sampling circuit, which divides and samples the voltage output by the DC-DC power chip U1 before inputting it to pin 4 of the DC-DC power chip U1 to provide feedback regulation voltage for U1. Pin 1 of the DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C1. The other end of capacitor C1 is electrically connected to one end of inductor L1 and one end of rectifier diode D1. Capacitor C1 is a filter capacitor used to reduce voltage fluctuations between pins 1 and 8 of the DC-DC power chip U1. The other end of inductor L1 is electrically connected to the external voltage input terminal, the power supply voltage output terminal, and one end of capacitor CD1. Pin 8 of the DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of rectifier diode D1, and the other end of rectifier diode D1 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor CD1 and connected to digital ground. Rectifier diode D1 and the internal switching transistor of DC-DC power chip U1 form the loop of the entire BUCK circuit. Pin 7 of DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor CD2 and the power supply voltage output terminal, and the other end of capacitor CD2 is connected to digital ground. Pins 6 and 9 of DC-DC power chip U1 are connected to digital ground. The power supply voltage output terminal is the power supply voltage input terminal for the first LDO voltage regulator circuit, the second LDO voltage regulator circuit, the CO2 sensor circuit, the formaldehyde sensor circuit, the TVOC sensor circuit, the PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuits, and the noise sensor circuit. Capacitors CD1 and CD2 are the output and output filter capacitors, respectively. The DC-DC power conversion circuit reduces the external voltage to a stable DC 5V DC voltage, with a maximum output current of 3A.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the first LDO voltage regulator circuit includes: a first voltage regulator chip U4, capacitor C4, and capacitor C5. Pin 3 of the first voltage regulator chip U4 is electrically connected to the power supply voltage output terminal and one end of capacitor C4, while the other end of capacitor C4 is connected to digital ground. Pins 2 and 4 of the first voltage regulator chip U4 are electrically connected to one end of capacitor C5 and the first power supply voltage output terminal, while the other end of capacitor C5 is connected to digital ground. The first power supply voltage output terminal is the power supply voltage input terminal of the control circuit. The first LDO voltage regulator circuit converts DC5V voltage into 3.3V power.

[0046] like Figure 4As shown, the second LDO voltage regulator circuit includes: a second voltage regulator chip U7, capacitor C8, and capacitor C9. Pin 3 of the second voltage regulator chip U7 is electrically connected to the power supply voltage output terminal and one end of capacitor C8, while the other end of capacitor C8 is connected to digital ground. Pins 2 and 4 of the second voltage regulator chip U7 are electrically connected to one end of capacitor C9 and the second power supply voltage output terminal, while the other end of capacitor C9 is connected to digital ground. The second power supply voltage output terminal is the power supply voltage input terminal for the temperature and humidity sensor circuit, the light sensor circuit, the RS485 communication circuit, the RS232 communication circuit, the LoRa communication circuit, and the ZigBee communication circuit. The first LDO voltage regulator circuit converts the DC5V voltage to a 3.3V power supply.

[0047] The sensor circuit includes: a temperature and humidity sensor circuit, a CO2 sensor circuit, a formaldehyde sensor circuit, a TVOC sensor circuit, a PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuit, a light sensor circuit, and a noise sensor circuit. The temperature and humidity sensor circuit and the light sensor circuit use I2C communication, while the CO2 sensor circuit, the formaldehyde sensor circuit, the TVOC sensor circuit, the PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuit, and the noise sensor circuit use serial communication. The temperature and humidity sensor circuit, the CO2 sensor circuit, the formaldehyde sensor circuit, the TVOC sensor circuit, the PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuit, the light sensor circuit, and the noise sensor circuit are all connected to the control circuit.

[0048] Specifically: such as Figure 5 As shown, the temperature and humidity sensor circuit includes: a temperature and humidity sensor chip U3, a capacitor C2, a resistor R3, and a resistor R4. It is a high-precision temperature and humidity sensor, model SHT20, capable of measuring ambient temperature and humidity with high accuracy. Pins 2 and 4 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 2 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3, one end of capacitor C2, one end of resistor R3, and one end of resistor R4. The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to digital ground. The other ends of resistors R3 and R4 are electrically connected to pins 2 and 4 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3 on the corresponding pins of the controller. Pin 3 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3 is connected to digital ground. Capacitor C2 is a filter capacitor for the 3.3V power supply of the sensor module, and resistors R3 and R4 are pull-up resistors for the I2C signal.

[0049] like Figure 6As shown, the CO2 sensor circuit includes: a CO2 sensor core U2 and a capacitor C3. The CO2 sensor uses a non-dispersive infrared absorption (NDIR) sensor, which features high accuracy and high stability. The power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 6 of the CO2 sensor core U2 and one end of the capacitor C3, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C3 and pin 7 of the CO2 sensor core U2 are connected to digital ground. Pins 3 and 4 of the CO2 sensor core U2 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. Capacitor C3 is a filter capacitor for the 5V power supply of the sensor module.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown, the formaldehyde sensor circuit includes: a formaldehyde sensor chip U5 and a capacitor C7. The formaldehyde sensor chip U5 is an electrochemical formaldehyde sensor with high sensitivity to formaldehyde. The power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 4 of the formaldehyde sensor chip U5 and one end of the capacitor C7, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C7 and pin 3 of the formaldehyde sensor chip U5 are connected to digital ground. Pins 5 and 6 of the formaldehyde sensor chip U5 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The capacitor C7 is a filter capacitor for the 5V power supply of the sensor module.

[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, the TVOC sensor circuit includes: a TVOC sensor chip U8 and a capacitor C10. The TVOC sensor chip U8 is model SGP30, which has the advantages of high precision and high sensitivity. The power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of the TVOC sensor chip U8 and one end of the capacitor C10. The other end of the capacitor C10 and pin 2 of the TVOC sensor chip U8 are connected to digital ground. Pins 3 and 4 of the TVOC sensor chip U8 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The capacitor C10 is a filter capacitor for the 5V power supply of the sensor module.

[0052] like Figure 9 As shown, the PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuits include: a PM2.5 sensor and a PM10 sensor chip U9, and a capacitor C11. The power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of the PM2.5 sensor and the PM10 sensor chip U9, and one end of the capacitor C11, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C11 and pin 2 of the PM2.5 sensor and the PM10 sensor chip U9 are connected to digital ground. Pins 4 and 5 of the PM2.5 sensor and the PM10 sensor chip U9 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The capacitor C11 is a filter capacitor for the 5V power supply of the sensor module.

[0053] like Figure 10As shown, the noise sensor circuit includes: a noise sensor chip U10 and a capacitor C12. The noise sensor chip U10 is a ZWIN-YC06-N, which has high measurement accuracy. The power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of the noise sensor chip U10 and one end of the capacitor C12. The other end of the capacitor C12 and pin 5 of the noise sensor chip U10 are connected to digital ground. Pins 2 and 3 of the noise sensor chip U10 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The capacitor C12 is a filter capacitor for the 5V power supply of the sensor module.

[0054] like Figure 11 As shown, the light sensor circuit includes: a light sensor chip U6, a capacitor C6, a resistor R5, and a resistor R6. The light sensor chip U6 is a silicon photovoltaic light sensor. Pins 4 and 5 of the light sensor chip U6 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of the light sensor chip U6, one end of capacitor C6, one end of resistor R5, and one end of resistor R6, respectively. The other end of capacitor C6 is connected to digital ground. The other ends of resistors R5 and R6 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins 4 and 5 of the light sensor chip U6 on the controller. Pin 2 of the light sensor chip U6 is connected to digital ground. Capacitor C6 is a filter capacitor for the 3.3V power supply of the sensor module. Resistors R5 and R6 are pull-up resistors for I2C signals.

[0055] The communication module includes wired communication circuits: RS485 communication circuit and RS232 communication circuit; wireless communication circuits include LoRa communication circuit and ZigBee communication circuit. The RS485 communication circuit, RS232 communication circuit, LoRa communication circuit, and ZigBee communication circuit are respectively connected to the control circuit and the remote end.

[0056] like Figure 12As shown, the RS485 communication circuit includes: RS485 communication conversion chip U16, resistors R13, R17, and R18, electrostatic discharge protection devices TVS1, TVS2, and TVS3, fuses F1 and F2, and capacitor C28. Resistor R13 is the terminating resistor of RS485 communication conversion chip U16, resistors R18 and R17 are pull-up and pull-down resistors respectively, fuses F1 and F2 are used for overcurrent protection of RS485 communication, and capacitor C28 is the filter capacitor for the 3.3V power supply of RS485 communication conversion chip U16. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 8 of the RS485 communication conversion chip U16, one end of capacitor C28, and one end of resistor R18. Pin 7 of the RS485 communication conversion chip U16 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R17, one end of resistor R13, one end of electrostatic discharge (ESD) device TVS1, and one end of fuse F1. Pin 6 of the RS485 communication conversion chip U16 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R18, the other end of resistor R13, the other end of ESD device TVS1, and the ESD device TVS... One end of capacitor C2, one end of electrostatic discharge protection device TVS3, and one end of fuse F2 are electrically connected. The other end of capacitor C28, pin 5 of RS485 communication conversion chip U16, the other end of resistor R17, the other end of electrostatic discharge protection device TVS2, and the other end of electrostatic discharge protection device TVS3 are connected to digital ground. Pins 1, 4, 2, and 3 of RS485 communication conversion chip U16 are connected and then electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to the remote end.

[0057] like Figure 13As shown, the RS232 communication circuit includes: an RS232 communication conversion chip U14, capacitors C21, C22, C23, C24, and C25, and protection devices ESD1 and ESD2. C21 is the boost capacitor for the backup charge pump, providing the forward voltage for RS232 communication; C23 is the boost capacitor for the reverse charge pump, providing the reverse voltage for RS232 communication; C22 and C24 are the positive and negative charging capacitors for the RS232 communication conversion chip U14, respectively; C25 is the filter capacitor for the 3.3V power supply of the RS232 communication conversion chip U14; and protection devices ESD1 and ESD2 are ESD protection devices for the RS232 communication pins. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 16 of RS332 communication conversion chip U14, one end of capacitor C22, and one end of capacitor C25, respectively. Pin 2 of RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C22. Pin 1 of RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to pin 3 of RS332 communication conversion chip U16 through capacitor C21. Pin 4 of RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to pin 5 of RS332 communication conversion chip U14 through capacitor C23. Pin 6 of RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to capacitor C25. One end of C24 is connected, the other end of capacitor C24, the other end of capacitor C25, and pin 15 of RS332 communication conversion chip U16 are connected to digital ground; pins 11 and 12 of RS332 communication conversion chip U14 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller; pin 13 of RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to one end of protection device ESD1 and to the remote end; pin 14 of RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to one end of protection device ESD2 and to the remote end; the other ends of protection device ESD1 and protection device ESD2 are connected to digital ground.

[0058] like Figure 14As shown, the LoRa communication circuit includes: a LoRa communication chip U15 and a capacitor C27. The output terminal of the second power supply voltage is electrically connected to pin 8 of the LoRa communication chip U15 and one end of capacitor C27, respectively. Pins 7, 14, and 16 of the LoRa communication chip U15 and the other end of capacitor C27 are connected to digital ground. Pins 1, 2, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 of the LoRa communication chip U15 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. Pins 10, 11, 12, and 13 are used for communication. Pin 9 is connected to PB0 of the controller U11 to implement the module reset function. Pin 1 is connected to PC4 of the controller U11 to implement the read enable function. Pin 2 is connected to PC5 of the controller U11 to implement the write function. Pin 4 is connected to PB1 of the controller U11 to implement the busy state read function. Capacitor C27 is a filter capacitor for the 3.3V power supply of the LoRa communication chip U15.

[0059] like Figure 15 As shown, the ZigBee communication circuit includes: a ZigBee communication chip U13 and a capacitor C26. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 31 of the ZigBee communication chip U13 and one end of capacitor C26, respectively. Pins 37, 35, and 30 of the ZigBee communication chip U13 and the other end of capacitor C26 are connected to digital ground. Pins 12, 15, and 28 of the ZigBee communication chip U13 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. Pins 12 and 15 are used for communication, and pin 28 is connected to the PB0 pin of the controller to realize the module reset function. Capacitor C26 is a filter capacitor for the 3.3V power supply of the ZigBee communication chip U13.

[0060] like Figure 16As shown, the control circuit includes: controller U11, crystal oscillator Y1, capacitors C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, and C19, resistors R7, R8, and R9, SWD debugging interface J1, and crystal oscillator Y2. Controller U11 performs sensor data acquisition and data upload functions. Resistor R7 and capacitor C17 form a reset circuit for the reset delay of controller U11 upon power-up. Capacitors C13 and C18 are decoupling capacitors for the internal voltage of controller U11, and capacitor C19 is a 3.3V filter capacitor for debugging. The first power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pins 6, 17, 30, 32, 33, 39, 52, 62, 72, 84, 95, 108, 121, and 131 of controller U11, one end of capacitor C16, pin 4 of crystal oscillator Y2, one end of resistor R7, pin 1 of SWD debugging interface J1, one end of capacitor C19, one end of resistor R8, and one end of resistor R9; pins 16, 31, 38, 51, 61, 83, and 9 of controller U11 are also connected to the first power supply voltage output terminal. 4. Pins 107, 120, and 130, the other end of capacitor C16, pin 2 of crystal oscillator Y2, pin 2 of SWD debugging interface J1, and the other end of capacitor C19 are connected to digital ground; pins 71 and 106 of controller U11 are connected to capacitors C18 and C13 respectively and then connected to digital ground; pins 8 and 9 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 1 and 2 of crystal oscillator Y1 respectively, and pins 1 and 2 of crystal oscillator Y1 are connected to capacitors C14 and C15 respectively and then connected to digital ground. Crystal oscillator Y1 is a low-speed crystal oscillator, and capacitors C14 and C15 are low-speed crystal oscillator matching capacitors. Pins 10 and 11 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 4 and 5 of light sensor chip U6. Pins 18 and 19 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 4 and 5 of PM2.5 sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9. Pin 23 of controller U11 is electrically connected to pin 3 of crystal oscillator Y2. Crystal oscillator Y2 is the main crystal oscillator, and capacitor C16 is the filter capacitor for powering the main crystal oscillator. Pin 25 of controller U11 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R7 and one end of capacitor C17. The other end of capacitor C17 is connected to digital ground. Pin 3 of SWD debugging interface J1 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R8 and pin 109 of controller U11. Pin 4 of SWD debugging interface J1 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R9 and pin 105 of controller U11. Resistors R8 and R9 are pull-up resistors.Pins 35, 36, and 37 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 1, 4, 2, and 3 of RS485 communication conversion chip U16, respectively. Pins 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, and 47 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 13, 12, 11, 10, 1, 2, 9, and 4 of LoRa communication chip U15, respectively. Pins 46, 69, and 70 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 28, 15, and 12 of ZigBee communication chip U13, respectively. Pins 96 and 97 of controller U11 are electrically connected to TV... Pins 3 and 4 of the OC sensor chip U8 are electrically connected. Pins 101 and 102 of the controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 11 and 12 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U14, respectively. Pins 111 and 112 of the controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 4 and 3 of the CO2 sensor chip U2, respectively. Pins 113 and 116 of the controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 5 and 6 of the formaldehyde sensor chip U5, respectively. Pins 139 and 140 of the controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 5 and 4 of the light sensor chip U6, respectively. Pins 141 and 142 of the controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 3 and 2 of the noise sensor chip U10, respectively. Pins 48 and 138 of the controller U11 are the start pins, and pin 46 of the controller U11 is the wireless transmission pin.

[0061] The specific working process is as follows: After the air quality acquisition device is powered on, the controller U11 resets and begins communicating with each module. It sequentially reads the current parameters of the sensors according to the pre-set reading intervals, saves the data after reading, and uploads the data to the remote end via the communication module. Uploading can be configured using RS485, ZigBee, or LoRa communication methods depending on the actual situation. The RS232 communication interface is a debugging interface, enabling functions such as updating the controller program, querying sensor values, and selecting and configuring communication modules. The sensor acquisition parameters and acquisition thresholds can also be set through the communication module.

[0062] Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An air quality acquisition device, comprising: a power supply module, a control circuit, a sensor circuit, and a communication module, wherein the control circuit is connected to the power supply module, the sensor circuit, and the communication module respectively, characterized in that: The power supply module includes: a DC-DC power conversion circuit for converting external voltage, a first LDO voltage regulator circuit for further converting the output voltage of the DC-DC power conversion circuit, and a second LDO voltage regulator circuit for further converting the output voltage of the DC-DC power conversion circuit; the communication module includes: a wired communication circuit and a wireless communication circuit for realizing communication between the control circuit and a remote end; the control circuit collects and processes sensor data in the sensor module and adjusts the sensor parameters in the sensor module according to the control commands from the remote end; the output terminal of the DC-DC power conversion circuit is connected to the input terminal of the first LDO voltage regulator circuit, the input terminal of the second LDO voltage regulator circuit, and the power supply voltage input terminal of the sensor module, respectively; the output terminal of the first LDO voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply voltage input terminal of the control circuit; the output terminal of the second LDO voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power supply voltage input terminal of the sensor module and the power supply voltage input terminal of the communication module, respectively.

2. The air quality acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor circuit includes: a temperature and humidity sensor circuit, a CO2 sensor circuit, a formaldehyde sensor circuit, a TVOC sensor circuit, a PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuit, a light sensor circuit, and a noise sensor circuit. The temperature and humidity sensor circuit, CO2 sensor circuit, formaldehyde sensor circuit, TVOC sensor circuit, PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuit, light sensor circuit, and noise sensor circuit are respectively connected to the control circuit.

3. The air quality acquisition device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wired communication circuit includes an RS485 communication circuit and an RS232 communication circuit; the wireless communication circuit includes a LoRa communication circuit and a ZigBee communication circuit, wherein the RS485 communication circuit, RS232 communication circuit, LoRa communication circuit, and ZigBee communication circuit are respectively connected to the control circuit and the remote end.

4. The air quality acquisition device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The DC-DC power conversion circuit includes a DC-DC power chip U1, resistors R1 and R2, capacitor C1, inductor L1, rectifier diode D1, capacitor CD1, and capacitor CD2. Pin 4 of the DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R1 and one end of resistor R2. The other end of resistor R1 is electrically connected to the external voltage input terminal, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to digital ground. Pin 1 of the DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of capacitor C1. The other end of capacitor C1 is electrically connected to one end of inductor L1 and one end of rectifier diode D1. The other end of inductor L1 is electrically connected to the external voltage input terminal, the power supply voltage output terminal, and one end of capacitor CD1. The connection is as follows: pin 8 of the DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of the rectifier diode D1, and the other end of the rectifier diode D1 is electrically connected to the other end of the capacitor CD1 and connected to digital ground; pin 7 of the DC-DC power chip U1 is electrically connected to one end of the capacitor CD2 and the power supply voltage output terminal, and the other end of the capacitor CD2 is connected to digital ground; pins 6 and 9 of the DC-DC power chip U1 are connected to digital ground; the power supply voltage output terminal is the power supply voltage input terminal of the first LDO voltage regulator circuit, the second LDO voltage regulator circuit, the CO2 sensor circuit, the formaldehyde sensor circuit, the TVOC sensor circuit, the PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuits, and the noise sensor circuit; The first LDO voltage regulator circuit includes: a first voltage regulator chip U4, capacitor C4, and capacitor C5. Pin 3 of the first voltage regulator chip U4 is electrically connected to the power supply voltage output terminal and one end of capacitor C4, while the other end of capacitor C4 is connected to digital ground. Pins 2 and 4 of the first voltage regulator chip U4 are electrically connected to one end of capacitor C5 and the first power supply voltage output terminal, while the other end of capacitor C5 is connected to digital ground. The first power supply voltage output terminal is the power supply voltage input terminal of the control circuit. The second LDO voltage regulator circuit includes: a second voltage regulator chip U7, capacitor C8, and capacitor C9. Pin 3 of the second voltage regulator chip U7 is electrically connected to the power supply voltage output terminal and one end of capacitor C8, while the other end of capacitor C8 is connected to digital ground. Pins 2 and 4 of the second voltage regulator chip U7 are electrically connected to one end of capacitor C9 and the second power supply voltage output terminal, while the other end of capacitor C9 is connected to digital ground. The second power supply voltage output terminal is the power supply voltage input terminal for the temperature and humidity sensor circuit, the light sensor circuit, the RS485 communication circuit, the RS232 communication circuit, the LoRa communication circuit, and the ZigBee communication circuit.

5. The air quality acquisition device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The DC-DC power chip U1 is a BUCK type DC-DC power chip.

6. The air quality acquisition device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity sensor circuit includes: a temperature and humidity sensor chip U3, a capacitor C2, a resistor R3, and a resistor R4. Pins 2 and 4 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 2 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3, one end of capacitor C2, one end of resistor R3, and one end of resistor R4, respectively. The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to digital ground. The other ends of resistor R3 and resistor R4 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins 2 and 4 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3 on the controller. Pin 3 of the temperature and humidity sensor chip U3 is connected to digital ground. The CO2 sensor circuit includes: CO2 sensor core U2, capacitor C3, the power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 6 of CO2 sensor core U2 and one end of capacitor C3 respectively, the other end of capacitor C3 and pin 7 of CO2 sensor core U2 are connected to digital ground, and pins 3 and 4 of CO2 sensor core U2 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The formaldehyde sensor circuit includes: a formaldehyde sensor chip U5, a capacitor C7, and the power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 4 of the formaldehyde sensor chip U5 and one end of the capacitor C7, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C7 and pin 3 of the formaldehyde sensor chip U5 are connected to digital ground. Pins 5 and 6 of the formaldehyde sensor chip U5 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The TVOC sensor circuit includes: a TVOC sensor chip U8 and a capacitor C10. The power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of the TVOC sensor chip U8 and one end of the capacitor C10, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C10 and pin 2 of the TVOC sensor chip U8 are connected to digital ground. Pins 3 and 4 of the TVOC sensor chip U8 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The PM2.5 and PM10 sensor circuits include: PM2.5 sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9, capacitor C11, and the power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of PM2.5 sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9 and one end of capacitor C11, respectively. The other end of capacitor C11 and pin 2 of PM2.5 sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9 are connected to digital ground. Pins 4 and 5 of PM2.5 sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The noise sensor circuit includes: a noise sensor chip U10 and a capacitor C12. The power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of the noise sensor chip U10 and one end of the capacitor C12, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C12 and pin 5 of the noise sensor chip U10 are connected to digital ground. Pins 2 and 3 of the noise sensor chip U10 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The light sensor circuit includes: a light sensor chip U6, a capacitor C6, a resistor R5, and a resistor R6. Pins 4 and 5 of the light sensor chip U6 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 1 of the light sensor chip U6, one end of capacitor C6, one end of resistor R5, and one end of resistor R6, respectively. The other end of capacitor C6 is connected to digital ground. The other ends of resistor R5 and resistor R6 are electrically connected to pins 4 and 5 of the light sensor chip U6 at the corresponding pins of the controller. Pin 2 of the light sensor chip U6 is connected to digital ground.

7. The air quality acquisition device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The RS485 communication circuit includes: an RS485 communication conversion chip U16, resistors R13, R17, and R18, electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection devices TVS1, TVS2, and TVS3, fuses F1 and F2, and capacitor C28. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 8 of the RS485 communication conversion chip U16, one end of capacitor C28, and one end of resistor R18. Pin 7 of the RS485 communication conversion chip U16 is electrically connected to one end of resistor R17, one end of resistor R13, one end of ESD protection device TVS1, and one end of fuse F1. The RS485 communication conversion chip U16... Pin 6 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R18, the other end of resistor R13, the other end of electrostatic discharge device TVS1, one end of electrostatic discharge device TVS2, one end of electrostatic discharge device TVS3, and one end of fuse F2. The other end of capacitor C28, pin 5 of RS485 communication conversion chip U16, the other end of resistor R17, the other end of electrostatic discharge device TVS2, and the other end of electrostatic discharge device TVS3 are connected to digital ground. Pins 1, 4, 2, and 3 of RS485 communication conversion chip U16 are connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to the remote end. The RS232 communication circuit includes: an RS232 communication conversion chip U14, capacitors C21, C22, C23, C24, and C25, and protection devices ESD1 and ESD2. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 16 of the RS232 communication conversion chip U14, one end of capacitor C22, and one end of capacitor C25. Pin 2 of the RS232 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to the other end of capacitor C22. Pin 1 of the RS232 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to pin 3 of the RS232 communication conversion chip U16 via capacitor C21. Pin 4 of the RS232 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to the RS232 communication conversion chip U16 via capacitor C23. Pin 5 of the communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected; pin 6 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is connected to one end of capacitor C24; the other end of capacitor C24, the other end of capacitor C25, and pin 15 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U16 are connected to digital ground; pins 11 and 12 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U14 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller; pin 13 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to one end of the protection device ESD1 and to the remote end; pin 14 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U14 is electrically connected to one end of the protection device ESD2 and to the remote end; the other ends of protection devices ESD1 and ESD2 are connected to digital ground. The LoRa communication circuit includes: a LoRa communication chip U15 and a capacitor C27. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 8 of the LoRa communication chip U15 and one end of the capacitor C27. Pins 7, 14, and 16 of the LoRa communication chip U15 and the other end of the capacitor C27 are connected to digital ground. Pins 1, 2, 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 of the LoRa communication chip U15 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller. The ZigBee communication circuit includes: a ZigBee communication chip U13 and a capacitor C26. The second power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pin 31 of the ZigBee communication chip U13 and one end of the capacitor C26, respectively. Pins 37, 35, and 30 of the ZigBee communication chip U13 and the other end of the capacitor C26 are connected to digital ground. Pins 12, 15, and 28 of the ZigBee communication chip U13 are electrically connected to the corresponding pins of the controller.

8. The air quality acquisition device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control circuit includes: a controller U11, a crystal oscillator Y1, capacitors C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, and C19, resistors R7, R8, and R9, an SWD debugging interface J1, and a crystal oscillator Y2. The first power supply voltage output terminal is electrically connected to pins 6, 17, 30, 32, 33, 39, 52, 62, 72, 84, 95, 108, 121, and 131 of the controller U11, one end of capacitor C16, pin 4 of the crystal oscillator Y2, one end of resistor R7, pin 1 of the SWD debugging interface J1, one end of capacitor C19, one end of resistor R8, and one end of resistor R9. Pins 16, 31, 38, 51, 61, 83, 94, 107, 120, 130, the other end of capacitor C16, pin 2 of crystal oscillator Y2, pin 2 of SWD debugging interface J1, and the other end of capacitor C19 are connected to digital ground; pins 71 and 106 of controller U11 are connected to capacitors C18 and C13 respectively, and then connected to digital ground; pins 8 and 9 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 1 and 2 of crystal oscillator Y1 respectively, and pins 1 and 2 of crystal oscillator Y1 are connected to capacitors C14 and C15 respectively, and then connected to digital ground; pins 10 and 11 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 4 and 5 of light sensor chip U6, and pins 18 and 19 of controller U11 are connected to PM2.Pins 4 and 5 of the sensor and PM10 sensor chip U9 are electrically connected. Pin 23 of the controller U11 is electrically connected to pin 3 of the crystal oscillator Y2. Pin 25 of the controller U11 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R7 and one end of capacitor C17, with the other end of capacitor C17 connected to digital ground. Pin 3 of the SWD debugging interface J1 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R8 and pin 109 of the controller U11. Pin 4 of the SWD debugging interface J1 is electrically connected to the other end of resistor R9 and pin 105 of the controller U11. The controller U11's pins 35, 36, and 37 are electrically connected to pins 1, 4, 2, and 3 of the RS485 communication conversion chip U16, respectively. The controller U11's pins 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, and 47 are electrically connected to pins 13, 12, 11, 10, 1, 2, 9, and 4 of the LoRa communication chip U15, respectively. Pin 4 of the controller U11...

6. Pins 69 and 70 are electrically connected to pins 28, 15, and 12 of the ZigBee communication chip U13, respectively. Pins 96 and 97 of the controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 3 and 4 of the TVOC sensor chip U8, respectively. Pins 101 and 102 of the controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 11 and 12 of the RS332 communication conversion chip U14, respectively. Pins 111 and 112 of the controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 4 and 5 of the CO2 sensor chip U2, respectively.

3. Electrical connections: Pins 113 and 116 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 5 and 6 of formaldehyde sensor chip U5, respectively; pins 139 and 140 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 5 and 4 of light sensor chip U6, respectively; pins 141 and 142 of controller U11 are electrically connected to pins 3 and 2 of noise sensor chip U10, respectively; pins 48 and 138 of controller U11 are the start pins, and pin 46 of controller U11 is the wireless transmission pin.

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