Multiband antenna

Abstract

A multi-band antenna includes a coaxial cable and two printed circuit boards. The first printed circuit board includes two radiators. The first radiator is located on a first side of the first printed circuit board. The second radiator is located on a second side of the first printed circuit board. The second printed circuit board includes a feed section and multiple frequency adjustment sections. The feed section is located on a third side of the second printed circuit board and coupled to the second radiator. The multiple frequency adjustment sections are located on a fourth side of the second printed circuit board. The first, second, third, and fourth sides are connected by multiple vias. The first radiator, second radiator, and frequency adjustment sections respectively emit a first frequency band, a second frequency band, a third frequency band, and a fourth frequency band. The frequencies are arranged in ascending order as the first, second, third, and fourth frequency bands. This invention provides an antenna structure for a multi-band antenna that can simultaneously radiate multiple frequency bands and possesses excellent antenna radiation characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This case relates to an antenna structure. More specifically, this case relates to an antenna structure for a multi-band antenna. Background Technology

[0002] As mobile communication technology matures, mobile communication networks offer significantly faster transmission speeds. However, this also presents a challenge: the number of frequency bands that wireless communication devices need to support is increasing. Furthermore, the current trend in wireless communication devices is towards smaller, thinner, and more portable designs. To save costs, the industry aims to use a single antenna to support all frequency bands. Therefore, how to utilize a single antenna to support a wide range of frequency bands is a crucial challenge facing this field.

[0003] Therefore, the above-mentioned technologies still have many shortcomings, and it is up to practitioners in this field to develop other suitable multi-band antennas. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application relates to a multi-band antenna. The multi-band antenna includes a coaxial cable, a first printed circuit board (PCB), and a second PCB. The first PCB includes a first radiator and a second radiator. The first radiator is located on a first side of the first PCB. The second radiator is located on a second side of the first PCB. The first side of the first PCB is opposite to the second side. The second PCB includes a feed section and multiple frequency adjustment sections. The feed section is located on a third side of the second PCB and coupled to the second radiator. The multiple frequency adjustment sections are located on a fourth side of the second PCB. The third side of the second PCB is opposite to the fourth side. The first and second sides of the first PCB, and the third and fourth sides of the second PCB are connected by multiple vias. The first radiator, the second radiator, and the multiple frequency adjustment sections are used to excite a first frequency band, a second frequency band, a third frequency band, and a fourth frequency band, respectively. The frequencies are arranged in ascending order as the first frequency band, the second frequency band, the third frequency band, and the fourth frequency band.

[0005] In some embodiments, the first radiator includes a first radiating portion, a second radiating portion, and a third radiating portion. The first radiating portion is generally L-shaped. The second radiating portion is generally h-shaped. The third radiating portion is generally n-shaped. The first radiating portion, the second radiating portion, and the third radiating portion are interconnected.

[0006] In some embodiments, the second radiator includes a fourth radiating portion, a fifth radiating portion, and a sixth radiating portion. The fourth radiating portion is generally L-shaped. The fifth radiating portion is generally straight. The sixth radiating portion is generally straight. The fourth, fifth, and sixth radiating portions are not connected to each other.

[0007] In some embodiments, the plurality of frequency adjustment units include a first frequency adjustment unit, a second frequency adjustment unit, and a third frequency adjustment unit. The first length of the first frequency adjustment unit is greater than the second length of the second frequency adjustment unit. The second length of the second frequency adjustment unit is greater than the third length of the third frequency adjustment unit.

[0008] In some embodiments, the feed section is connected to the fourth radiating section and the fifth radiating section.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first radiating portion, the fourth radiating portion, the fifth radiating portion, and the third frequency adjustment portion partially overlap in the vertical direction. The first radiating portion, the fifth radiating portion, and the third frequency adjustment portion are used to excite the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second radiating section, the sixth radiating section, and the second frequency adjustment section partially overlap in the vertical direction. The first radiating section, the second radiating section, the fourth radiating section, the fifth radiating section, the sixth radiating section, and the second frequency adjustment section are used to excite the second frequency band.

[0011] In some embodiments, the third radiating section and the first frequency adjustment section partially overlap in the vertical direction. The first radiating section, the third radiating section, the fourth radiating section, the fifth radiating section, and the first frequency adjustment section are used to excite a first frequency band.

[0012] In some embodiments, the coaxial cable includes a center conductor layer and an outer conductor layer. The feed section includes a first feed point and a second feed point. The first feed point is coupled to the center conductor layer of the coaxial cable. The second feed point is coupled to the outer conductor layer of the coaxial cable.

[0013] In some embodiments, the frequency adjustment unit includes multiple matching circuits. The multiple matching circuits are used to adjust the first frequency band, the second frequency band, the third frequency band, and the fourth frequency band. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The contents of this document can be better understood by referring to the embodiments described in the following paragraphs and the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-band antenna illustrated according to some embodiments of this case;

[0016] Figure 2 The illustrations are based on some embodiments of this case. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the printed circuit board structure of a multi-band antenna;

[0017] Figure 3 The illustrations are based on some embodiments of this case. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the printed circuit board structure of a multi-band antenna;

[0018] Figure 4The illustrations are based on some embodiments of this case. Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the printed circuit board of a multi-band antenna;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the signal transmission path of a multi-band antenna stimulating a low-frequency band, according to some embodiments of this case.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the signal transmission path of a multi-band antenna stimulating a mid-frequency band, according to some embodiments of this case.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating two signal transmission paths in the high-frequency band generated by a multi-band antenna according to some embodiments of this case;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a graph illustrating the antenna radiation efficiency of a multi-band antenna compared to a conventional antenna, based on some embodiments of this invention.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 100: Multiband Antenna

[0025] B1, B2: Printed Circuit Boards

[0026] C: Coaxial cable

[0027] D: Spacing

[0028] F: Feeding section

[0029] FP1, FP2: Feed points

[0030] G: Guidance Department

[0031] L1, L2, L3: Length

[0032] S1: First side view

[0033] S2: Second side

[0034] RD1, RD2: Radiators

[0035] RP1, RP2, RP3, RP4, RP5, RP6: Radiation section

[0036] S3: Third Side

[0037] S4: Fourth Side

[0038] ZI: Enlarged Partial Image

[0039] FA1, FA2, FA3: Frequency Adjustment Section

[0040] H1, H2, H3, H4, H5: Guide holes

[0041] P1, P2, P3, P4: Signal transmission path

[0042] 200: Antenna radiation efficiency curve

[0043] CV1, CV2: Curves

[0044] X: X-axis

[0045] Y: Y-axis

[0046] Z: Z-axis Detailed Implementation

[0047] The spirit of this case will be clearly explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. Anyone skilled in the art can make changes and modifications based on the technology taught in this case after understanding the embodiments of this case, without departing from the spirit and scope of this case.

[0048] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this work. Singular forms such as “a,” “this,” “this,” “the,” and “the”, as used herein, also include multiple forms.

[0049] The terms "include", "include", "have", "contain", etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning they include but are not limited to.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, the terms used herein generally have their ordinary meaning in the context of the art, the subject matter, and the specific content of this case. Certain terms used to describe this case will be discussed below or elsewhere in this specification to provide additional guidance to those skilled in the art in describing the case.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a multi-band antenna 100 according to some embodiments of this invention. In some embodiments, please refer to... Figure 1 The multi-band antenna 100 includes a printed circuit board B1, a printed circuit board B2, and a coaxial cable C. In one embodiment, the length L1 of the long side of printed circuit board B1 is 50 mm. The length L2 of the wide side of printed circuit board B1 is 8 mm. In one embodiment, the length L3 of the long side of printed circuit board B2 is 140 mm. The length L2 of the wide side of printed circuit board B2 is 50 mm. The spacing D between printed circuit boards B1 and B2 is 5 mm. Printed circuit board B2 includes a feed section F and a guide section G. The feed section F is coupled to the guide section G. The guide section G is coupled to printed circuit board B1. It should be noted that the spacing D between printed circuit boards B1 and B2 is designed to maintain low-frequency impedance. The feed section F includes feed point FP1 and feed point FP2.

[0052] In some embodiments, coaxial cable C includes a center conductor layer, a plastic insulation layer, an outer conductor layer, and a protective layer (not shown). The center conductor layer is typically a conductive copper wire. The plastic insulation layer serves as an insulator or dielectric. The outer conductor layer is typically a mesh conductor (e.g., copper or an alloy). The protective layer is typically a material that insulates against external elements. The center conductor layer of coaxial cable C is soldered to feed point FP1 (i.e., inside the circle). The outer conductor layer of coaxial cable C is soldered to feed point FP2 (i.e., outside the circle).

[0053] To make the structure of the multi-band antenna 100 easier to understand, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 . Figure 2 The illustrations are based on some embodiments of this case. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the printed circuit board B1 of the multi-band antenna 100. Figure 2 The upper half of the figure is a schematic diagram of the first side surface S1 of the printed circuit board B1. At the same time, the first side surface S1 of the printed circuit board B1 is a top view of the front of the printed circuit board B1. Figure 2 The lower half of the figure is a schematic diagram of the second side S2 of the printed circuit board B1. At the same time, the second side S2 of the printed circuit board B1 is a bottom view of the reverse side of the printed circuit board B1. Both the first side S1 and the second side S2 include a first end (i.e., the left side of the figure) and a second end (i.e., the right side of the figure).

[0054] Printed circuit board B1 includes a radiator RD1. The radiator RD1 is located on the first side S1 of the printed circuit board B1. The radiator RD1 includes radiating portions RP1, RP2, and RP3. Radiating portions RP1, RP2, and RP3 are interconnected. Figure 2 As shown, the radiating part RP1 is approximately L-shaped. The radiating part RP2 is approximately h-shaped. The radiating part RP3 is approximately η-shaped. The order from the first end to the second end is radiating part RP3, radiating part RP2, and radiating part RP1. Structurally, the tail end of the η-shaped radiating part RP3, the top end of the h-shaped radiating part RP2, and the top end of the L-shaped radiating part RP3 are connected to each other.

[0055] Please continue reading. Figure 2The printed circuit board B1 includes a radiator RD2. The radiator RD2 is located on the second side S2 of the printed circuit board B1. The radiator RD2 includes radiating portions RP4, RP5, and RP6. Radiating portions RP4, RP5, and RP6 are not connected to each other. Radiating portion RP4 is generally L-shaped. Radiating portion RP5 is generally straight and upright. Radiating portion RP6 is generally straight and horizontal. Radiating portions RP5 and RP6 are generally perpendicular to each other. The order from the first end to the second end is radiating portion RP6, RP5, and RP3. It should be noted that the dots used in the attached drawings are pads, for connection with... Figure 1 Connect to the printed circuit board B2.

[0056] Figure 3 The illustrations are based on some embodiments of this case. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the printed circuit board B2 of the multi-band antenna 100. Figure 3 The upper half of the figure is a schematic diagram of the third side S3 of the printed circuit board B2. At the same time, the third side S3 of the printed circuit board B2 is a top view of the front of the printed circuit board B2. Figure 3 The lower half of the figure is a schematic diagram of the fourth side S4 of the printed circuit board B2. Simultaneously, the fourth side S4 of the printed circuit board B2 is a reverse bottom view of the printed circuit board B2. Both the third side S3 and the fourth side S4 include a first end (i.e., the left side of the figure) and a second end (i.e., the right side of the figure).

[0057] Printed circuit board B2 includes a feed section F. The feed section F is coupled to the guide section G. Printed circuit board B2 includes multiple frequency adjustment sections (frequency adjustment section FA1, frequency adjustment section FA2 and frequency adjustment section FA3).

[0058] In order to make Figure 3 The multiple frequency adjustment sections (frequency adjustment section FA1, frequency adjustment section FA2, and frequency adjustment section FA3) are easy to understand; please refer to them together. Figure 4 . Figure 4 The illustrations are based on some embodiments of this case. Figure 3 The lower half of the diagram shows a partial enlarged view of the fourth side S4 of the printed circuit board B2 of the multi-band antenna 100.

[0059] Please see Figure 4 Frequency adjustment unit FA1 is used in the low-frequency band (approximately 698MHz to 960MHz). Frequency adjustment unit FA2 is used in the mid-frequency band (approximately 1710MHz to 2690MHz). Frequency adjustment unit FA3 is used in the high-frequency band (approximately 3300MHz to 3800MHz).

[0060] The length of frequency adjustment unit FA1 is greater than the length of frequency adjustment unit FA2. The length of frequency adjustment unit FA2 is greater than the length of frequency adjustment unit FA3.

[0061] The frequency adjustment units FA1, FA2 and FA3 each include multiple matching circuits (i.e., the dotted parts shown in the attached figure) and multiple frequency modulation units (i.e., multiple rectangles shown in the attached figure).

[0062] Multiple matching circuits (shown as dotted areas in the attached diagram) can be configured with inductors and capacitors to adjust the frequency of the radio frequency signal, depending on actual needs. In other words, multiple matching circuits may also be configured without inductors or capacitors, entirely depending on the user's requirements. For example, taking the frequency adjustment unit FA2 applied in the mid-frequency band as an example, if the user's device operates at frequencies lower than 1710MHz, a capacitor will be used to shorten the electrical component length (or equivalent length) to adjust the operating frequency range of the multi-band antenna 100 (described in later paragraphs). If the user's device operates at frequencies higher than 2690MHz, an inductor will be used to increase the electrical component length (or equivalent length) to adjust the operating frequency range of the multi-band antenna 100.

[0063] Please continue reading. Figure 4 If multiple matching circuits do not have inductors and capacitors (i.e., they are short-circuited with zero ohms), the more frequency modulation sections (i.e., multiple rectangles in the attached diagram) there are, the longer their equivalent length will be, which is equivalent to the effect of an inductor.

[0064] The current trend in wireless communication devices is towards smaller, thinner, and more portable designs. To save costs, the industry aims to use a single antenna to support all frequency bands. Therefore, the ability to utilize a single antenna to support a wide range of frequency bands relies on professionals in this field.

[0065] To make the frequency modulation mechanism of the multi-band antenna 100 easier to understand, please refer to the following: Figure 5 Please refer to the following documents separately. Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 . Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission path P1 generated by the multi-band antenna 100 in the low-frequency band according to some embodiments of this case. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission path P2 generated by the multi-band antenna 100 in the intermediate frequency band according to some embodiments of this case. Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the signal transmission paths P3 and P4 of a multi-band antenna 100 emitting a high-frequency band signal according to some embodiments of this invention.

[0066] The multi-band antenna 100 can be used to excite multiple frequency bands in the 5G NR (New Radio) band to support communication services and equipment requirements in different frequency bands. The 5G NR (New Radio) band is mainly divided into low-frequency bands (approximately 600MHz to 900MHz), mid-frequency bands (approximately 1GHz to 2GHz), and high-frequency bands (approximately 3GHz to 6GHz). Low-frequency bands are mainly used to transmit communication signals over longer distances. Mid-frequency and high-frequency bands are mainly used for mission-critical applications and enhanced mobile broadband. Extremely high-frequency bands are mainly used to support extreme bandwidth requirements.

[0067] In some embodiments, the multi-band antenna 100 of this invention is mainly applied to the low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency bands in the 5G NR band. In some embodiments, the low-frequency band excited by the multi-band antenna 100 is approximately between 698MHz and 960MHz. The mid-frequency band excited by the multi-band antenna 100 is approximately between 1710MHz and 2690MHz. The high-frequency band excited by the multi-band antenna 100 is mainly divided into two modes, one lower mode close to 3300MHz and the other higher mode close to 3800MHz. The order of frequencies from smallest to largest is: low-frequency band, mid-frequency band, lower mode of the high-frequency band, and higher mode of the high-frequency band.

[0068] Please see Figure 5 The low-frequency excitation mechanism of the multi-band antenna 100 mainly involves transmitting radio frequency signals along the low-frequency signal transmission path P1. The signal transmission path P1 originates from a coaxial cable (not shown) and is fed in from the feed section F, then along the guide section G to the radiating section RP5. The signal then travels along the Z-axis through guide holes H1 and H2 to the radiating section RP1, where it resonates with the radiating section RP4. Next, the signal travels along the radiating section RP1 to the radiating section RP3, and then along guide holes H4 and H5 to the frequency adjustment section FA1. The radiating sections RP1, RP3, RP4, RP5, and the frequency adjustment section FA1 are used to excite the low-frequency band.

[0069] Please see Figure 6 The mid-frequency (IF) band excitation mechanism of the multi-band antenna 100 primarily involves transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals along the IF band signal transmission path P2. The signal transmission path P2 originates from a coaxial cable (not shown) fed into the feed section F, and then along the guide section G to the radiator RP5. It then travels along the Z-axis through guide holes H1 and H2 to the radiator RP1, where it resonates with the radiator RP4. Next, it travels along the radiator RP1 to the radiator RP2, and then along the guide hole H3 to the frequency adjustment section FA2, where it resonates with the radiator RP2. The radiators RP1, RP2, RP4, RP5, RP6, and the frequency adjustment section FA2 are used to excite the IF band.

[0070] Please see Figure 7 The high-frequency excitation mechanism of the multi-band antenna 100 mainly transmits radio frequency signals along the signal transmission paths P3 (mainly applied to 3300MHz) and P4 (mainly applied to 3800MHz). Both signal transmission paths P3 and P4 originate from a coaxial cable (not shown in the figure), are fed in from the feed section F, and are fed along the guide section G to the radiating section RP5. At this point, signal transmission paths P3 and P4 diverge. Next, the radio frequency signal travels along signal transmission path P3 through the guide hole H1 down one layer along the Z-axis to the frequency adjustment section FA3, causing the frequency adjustment section FA3 to resonate with the radiating section RP1. Simultaneously, the radio frequency signal travels along signal transmission path P4 in the Y-axis direction, causing the radiating section RP5 to resonate with the radiating section RP1. The radiating sections RP1 and RP5, and the frequency adjustment section FA3 are used to excite two modes in the high-frequency band (i.e., 3300MHz and 3800MHz).

[0071] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In one of these cases, radiating sections RP1, RP4, RP5, and frequency adjustment section FA3 partially overlap in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). Radiating sections RP2, RP6, and frequency adjustment section FA2 partially overlap in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). Radiating section RP3 and frequency adjustment section FA1 partially overlap in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0072] Figure 8 A graph 200 illustrates the antenna radiation efficiency of a multi-band antenna 100 compared to a conventional antenna, based on some embodiments of this invention. Please refer to... Figure 5 The multi-band antenna 100 of this invention exhibits a radiation efficiency of approximately 60% to 75% in the low-frequency band (698-960MHz), with an average radiation efficiency of approximately 65%. In the mid-frequency band (1710-2690MHz), the radiation efficiency is approximately 45% to 72%, with an average radiation efficiency of approximately 61%. In the high-frequency band (3300-3800MHz), the radiation efficiency is approximately 51% to 63%, with an average radiation efficiency of approximately 55%. Compared to existing antennas (corresponding to curve CV1), the multi-band antenna 100 of this invention (corresponding to curve CV2) exhibits a radiation efficiency greater than 50% in the aforementioned frequency bands, demonstrating excellent antenna radiation characteristics.

[0073] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this invention provides an antenna structure for a multi-band antenna that can simultaneously radiate multiple frequency bands and has good antenna radiation characteristics.

[0074] Although detailed embodiments have been disclosed above, this application does not exclude other possible implementations. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the appended claims and not by the foregoing embodiments.

[0075] For those skilled in the art, various modifications and refinements can be made to this case without departing from its spirit and scope. Based on the foregoing embodiments, all modifications and refinements made to this case are also covered within the protection scope of this case.

Claims

1. A multi-band antenna, characterized by, Include: Coaxial cable; The first printed circuit board includes: A first radiator is located on a first side of the first printed circuit board; and A second radiator is located on a second side of the first printed circuit board, wherein the first side of the first printed circuit board is opposite to the second side; and The second printed circuit board includes: The feed section is located on the third side of the second printed circuit board and is coupled to the second radiator; as well as Multiple frequency adjustment units are located on the fourth side of the second printed circuit board, wherein the third side of the second printed circuit board is opposite to the fourth side. The first side and the second side of the first printed circuit board are connected to the third side and the fourth side of the second printed circuit board through multiple vias. The first radiator, the second radiator, and the frequency adjustment units are used to excite a first frequency band, a second frequency band, a third frequency band, and a fourth frequency band, respectively. The frequencies are arranged in ascending order as the first frequency band, the second frequency band, the third frequency band, and the fourth frequency band.

2. The multi-band antenna of Claim 1, wherein, The first radiator includes: The first radiating section is roughly L-shaped; The second radiating section is roughly h-shaped; and The third radiating part is generally η-shaped, wherein the first radiating part, the second radiating part, and the third radiating part are interconnected.

3. The multi-band antenna of Claim 2, wherein, The second radiator includes: The fourth radiating section is roughly L-shaped; The fifth radiating section is roughly in the shape of a straight bar; and The sixth radiating part is roughly in the shape of a straight strip, wherein the fourth, fifth and sixth radiating parts are not connected to each other.

4. The multi-band antenna of Claim 3, wherein, The frequency adjustment units include a first frequency adjustment unit, a second frequency adjustment unit, and a third frequency adjustment unit, wherein the first length of the first frequency adjustment unit is greater than the second length of the second frequency adjustment unit, and the second length of the second frequency adjustment unit is greater than the third length of the third frequency adjustment unit.

5. The multi-band antenna of Claim 3, wherein, The feed section is connected to the fourth radiating section and the fifth radiating section.

6. The multi-band antenna of Claim 4, wherein, The first radiating part, the fourth radiating part, the fifth radiating part, and the third frequency adjustment part partially overlap in the vertical direction, wherein the first radiating part, the fifth radiating part, and the third frequency adjustment part are used to excite the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band.

7. The multi-band antenna as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second radiating part, the sixth radiating part, and the second frequency adjustment part partially overlap in the vertical direction, wherein the first radiating part, the second radiating part, the fourth radiating part, the fifth radiating part, the sixth radiating part, and the second frequency adjustment part are used to excite the second frequency band.

8. The multi-band antenna of Claim 7, wherein, The third radiating part and the first frequency adjustment part partially overlap in the vertical direction, wherein the first radiating part, the third radiating part, the fourth radiating part, the fifth radiating part and the first frequency adjustment part are used to excite the first frequency band.

9. The multi-band antenna of Claim 1, wherein, The coaxial cable includes a central conductor layer and an outer conductor layer, wherein the feed section includes: The first feed point is coupled to the center conductor layer of the coaxial cable; and The second feed point is coupled to the outer conductor layer of the coaxial cable.

10. The multi-band antenna of Claim 1, wherein, The frequency adjustment unit includes multiple matching circuits, which are used to adjust the first frequency band, the second frequency band, the third frequency band, and the fourth frequency band.

Images