A three-level distribution box for use in construction environments

Abstract

This utility model discloses a three-level power distribution box for use in construction environments, including a box body, a single-phase socket and a three-phase socket installed on one side of the box body, and an outer door and an inner door hinged to one side of the box body, and a changeover switch installed on the back panel of the box body or the inner door; wherein, the changeover switch is connected to the single-phase socket and the three-phase socket respectively through contactor I and contactor II installed on the back panel; the back panel or inner door is also provided with an indicator light group that cooperates with the changeover switch to display the current circuit operating status. This utility model provides a three-level power distribution box for use in construction environments, by setting two types of sockets on the box body to match different types of equipment, and at the same time, in order to ensure its one-machine-one-switch setting mode, a functional changeover switch is set to ensure that only one of the two types of sockets is in the conducting state, thus ensuring the safety of electricity use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrical distribution box structural design. More specifically, this utility model relates to a three-level electrical distribution box for use in construction environments. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing mechanization of construction, the importance of temporary power supply in construction is becoming increasingly prominent. Construction sites have high power demands, weak controllability, and significant safety hazards. Furthermore, construction sites are characterized by a large number of distribution boxes, wide distribution, high application rate, and complex wiring. These characteristics bring about issues of standardized power supply and increase the difficulty of safety management. To improve the safety of temporary power supply at construction sites and prevent accidents such as electric shock and electrical fires, construction site distribution boxes typically adopt a three-level design: main distribution, sub-distribution, and switch boxes. These three levels of distribution provide progressive protection, achieving "one machine, one switch, one leakage protector, one box, one lock." However, as a three-level switch box (also called a three-level distribution box), it is always matched with the specific location of the electrical equipment, using a one-machine-one-switch approach. Each three-level switch box typically only matches one piece of electrical equipment, meaning that existing three-level distribution boxes only provide one type of socket interface, lacking compatibility with other types of socket interfaces on site. This results in a large number of distribution boxes on construction sites, which is not conducive to management. Utility Model Content

[0003] One object of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and / or defects, and to provide the advantages that will be described later.

[0004] In order to achieve these objectives and other advantages of this utility model, a three-level distribution box for use in construction environments is provided, including a box body, a single-phase socket and a three-phase socket installed on one side of the box body, and further including: an outer door and an inner door hinged to one side of the box body, and a changeover switch installed on the back panel or inner door of the box body.

[0005] The changeover switch is connected to a single-phase socket and a three-phase socket respectively via contactors I and II mounted on the back plate;

[0006] The back panel or inner door is also equipped with an indicator light group that works in conjunction with the selector switch to display the current circuit operating status.

[0007] Preferably, the backplate is also provided with circuit breaker I, circuit breaker II, and main circuit breaker for switching the conduction state of each contactor and the corresponding socket, as well as thermal relay I and thermal relay II for connecting each contactor to the single-phase socket and the three-phase socket.

[0008] Preferably, a matching outer door and inner door are hinged to one side of the enclosure;

[0009] The outer door is equipped with mechanical lock I, and the inner door is equipped with mechanical lock II;

[0010] The inner door is also provided with through holes that expose the indicator lights, changeover switches, and circuit breakers.

[0011] Preferably, the enclosure has a heat dissipation mechanism on the side wall opposite to each socket;

[0012] The top surface of the enclosure has at least two inclined surfaces, and the dimensions of the top surface are configured to be larger than the dimensions of the bottom surface.

[0013] Preferably, a bracket is provided at the bottom of the housing in a detachable manner;

[0014] At least one lifting lug and / or mounting lug is provided on the top of the enclosure.

[0015] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, this utility model is equipped with two types of sockets on the housing to match different types of equipment. At the same time, in order to ensure the setting mode of one machine and one switch, a functional conversion switch is provided so that only one of the two types of sockets can be in the conducting state, thus ensuring the safety of electricity use.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a circuit connection diagram of a three-level power distribution box used in the construction environment in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a three-level electrical distribution box used in the construction environment according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-level electrical distribution box used in the construction environment after the outer door is opened, according to one embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal component layout of a three-level power distribution box used in the construction environment in one embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the layout of various components on the back panel of a three-level power distribution box used in the construction environment in one embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 6This is a side view of a three-level electrical distribution box used in the construction environment according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection principle of each circuit component in a three-level power distribution box used in the construction environment in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a connection diagram of the changeover switch and contactor in a three-level distribution box used in the construction environment, according to one embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0026] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0027] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "equipped with", "sleeved / connected", "connected", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] Furthermore, in this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Moreover, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A three-level distribution box for use in construction environments, its structure is as follows: Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes:

[0032] Box 1 is made of cold-rolled steel plate and anti-corrosion treatment, which improves the durability and protection of the distribution box.

[0033] The single-phase socket 10 and three-phase socket 11 are located on one side of the enclosure 1. The enclosure 1 also includes a changeover switch 9 on the back plate 14. The changeover switch 9 is a low-voltage switch that switches multiple circuits. Multiple moving contacts are welded on the shaft. When the shaft rotates, the moving contacts connect or disconnect with the stationary contacts in sequence, switching the circuit and changing the electrical appliances from one set of connections to another. In this solution, the changeover switch 9 adopts a left-right rotating planar operation. It has the advantages of multiple contacts, multiple positions, small size, reliable performance, convenient operation, and flexible installation. It matches the dual-path selection design of the distribution box in this solution. Compared with the existing distribution boxes that only use circuit breakers as switches, the use of the changeover switch 9 reduces the risk of electric shock and arcing caused by closing and closing the switch while it is energized. It is simpler to use electricity. When the power is used up, the switch is rotated to the stop state so that the socket is no longer energized, which further improves safety. It is used to solve the problem that traditional distribution boxes cannot effectively manage and control the power load when the temporary power demand is high and the controllability is weak at the construction site. There are also non-standard operations such as multiple machines in one box, which increases the potential safety hazards of electricity use.

[0034] The changeover switch 9 is connected to a single-phase socket 10 and a three-phase socket 11 via two contactors 8 (the contactors act as switching devices in the circuit, controlling the main circuit to open and close; this solution mainly utilizes the advantages of contactors, such as strong current interruption capability, rapid action, safe operation, frequent operation, and remote control) mounted on the back panel 14 of the enclosure 1. These sockets are waterproof industrial type. In practical applications, due to the use of a three-phase five-wire system, a matching ground busbar 15 and neutral busbar 16 are also required inside the distribution box. (In practical applications, the ground busbar is directly connected to the distribution box, and the neutral busbar is connected to the distribution box through insulation measures. The positions of the ground busbar 15 and neutral busbar 16 can be adjusted according to the size of the enclosure.) (Adjustments are made to accommodate the different component layouts on the back panel 14). In terms of safety, the power distribution system adopts a three-phase five-wire system and is repeatedly grounded at the three-level box. The ground busbar 15 and the neutral busbar 16 are reliably connected to the grounding electrode through the grounding busbar, forming an electrical path with the earth, effectively preventing leakage accidents. At the same time, according to the power of the electrical equipment, the current setting value of the thermal relay 13 connected to the single-phase socket 10 and the three-phase socket 11 can be adjusted, which can effectively prevent accidents caused by power line damage and mechanical overload. The application of the thermal relay 13 makes it possible to adjust the current setting value according to the power of the electrical equipment, effectively preventing circuit break accidents caused by power line damage and mechanical overload, and improving overall electrical safety.

[0035] The back panel 14 is also equipped with an indicator light group 12 that works in conjunction with the changeover switch 9 to display the current circuit operating status. The indicator light group 12 includes: a power indicator light 25, a single-phase circuit working indicator light 26, and a three-phase circuit working indicator light 27. The power indicator light on the three-phase box can clearly indicate whether the distribution box is energized, warn workers of the danger of electricity, and ensure electrical safety.

[0036] The back panel 14 of the enclosure 1 is also equipped with two circuit breakers 17 and a main circuit breaker 24 for switching the conduction states of each contactor 8 and each socket. (The circuit breaker and contactor are used together as commonly used components in low-voltage power distribution. As long as the current exceeds its set value, it will trip. The time effect is almost negligible. This solution mainly uses it to achieve short-circuit protection. The connection method of the circuit breaker, contactor and other components is existing technology, so it will not be described here.) This solution comprehensively improves the safety of electricity use by using a three-phase five-wire system and repeated grounding, adjusting the current setting value of the thermal relay 13, using waterproof industrial sockets and multi-functional changeover switches, and setting a main circuit breaker and circuit breakers (also known as leakage current protectors).

[0037] The back panel 14 of the enclosure 1 is also equipped with two thermal relays 13 that connect each contactor to a single-phase socket and a three-phase socket. In terms of safety, the application of thermal relays makes it possible to adjust the current setting value according to the power of the electrical equipment, effectively preventing circuit break accidents caused by damage to the power line and mechanical overload, and improving the overall electrical safety.

[0038] The layout of the components in the three-stage enclosure is as follows: Figures 5-6 As shown, where, Figure 5 Point A indicates the location of the main circuit breaker 24, point B indicates the location of the circuit breaker 17, mark 8 indicates the location of the AC contactor, mark 13 indicates the location of the thermal relay circuit, mark 15 indicates the ground busbar, and mark 16 indicates the neutral busbar. Figure 5 Point C in the middle is the rain cover installed on the outside of the single-phase socket and the three-phase socket. Figure 6 Point D in the middle indicates the location of single-phase and three-phase sockets. The routing direction of each component in the diagram is consistent with the routing direction in the existing three-phase box, adhering to the principle of horizontal and vertical alignment, and minimizing intersections and overlaps between them.

[0039] The connection principles of each component in the distribution box are as follows: Figure 7As shown, a DZ47-63A miniature circuit breaker is used as the main circuit breaker 24 in the circuit connection to protect the power distribution line from overload and short circuit damage. A DZ47LE-40A residual current circuit breaker is used as the circuit breaker 17 for single-phase and three-phase sockets. A YJV3×25+2×16 low-voltage armored aluminum core cable is used as the input cable for the main circuit breaker 24. One of the circuit breakers 17 uses a BV-6mm² cable. 2 The PVC insulated wires are connected to the subsequent AC contactor (CJ20-40220V), thermal relay circuit (JR36-6328-40A), and three-phase socket; another circuit breaker 17 uses BV-4mm² wires. 2 The PVC insulated wire is connected to the subsequent AC contactor (CJ20-16220V), thermal relay circuit (JR36-2010-16A), and single-phase socket. The choice of which of the two circuits in the single-phase socket or three-phase socket is connected is achieved by controlling the contactor through a changeover switch. In actual applications, all circuit breakers are in the connected state, which is achieved through the changeover switch.

[0040] Working Principle: In practical applications, this solution sets each circuit breaker to a normally open state, while a transfer switch 9 with a visible breaking point is installed in the three-phase box. Single-phase and three-phase contactors are installed respectively, and wired to correspond one-to-one with single-phase and three-phase waterproof sockets, such as... Figure 8 As shown, by rotating the changeover switch (NP2-BD33 three-position locking) to different positions, the circuit is placed in a non-conducting state (the red HR power indicator light is off, but the power indicator light illuminates after the distribution box is powered on), or by rotating it to make contacts 1, 2, 3, and 4 make contact, selecting one of the circuits in the three-phase or single-phase waterproof socket (the corresponding green indicator lights HG1 and HG2 illuminate), thus interlocking the two circuits in the three-level distribution box, allowing only one circuit to operate at a time, ensuring safe and reliable power use. Furthermore, single-phase and three-phase sockets 11 are distinguished by different colors, ensuring one switch per device for safe power use. During use, it is necessary to ensure that the power of the electrical equipment matches the allowable power of the distribution box; and to ensure that three-phase socket 11 and single-phase socket 10 cannot be used simultaneously. The specific implementation process of the three-level distribution box is divided into user operation procedures and professional electrician operation procedures.

[0041] In terms of power supply, this distribution box can simultaneously support 220V and 380V electrical equipment, making power use more convenient, safe, and reliable. It also meets the power needs of different voltage levels, optimizing on-site power management. The new three-level distribution box incorporates a contactor 8, and through the use of a changeover switch 9, it achieves interlocking between the three-phase socket 11 and the single-phase socket 10, ensuring only one circuit is available at a time. This solves the problem of multiple devices in one box and ensures the compliance with the standard requirement of one switch and one leakage current circuit per device. Simultaneously, indicator lights 12 clearly display the circuit's operating status, ensuring electrical safety.

[0042] Users need to follow these steps during operation:

[0043] First, verify that the power of the electrical equipment is less than or equal to the allowable power of the distribution box, check that the main switch is closed, and confirm that the indicator light is on to ensure that the distribution box has power.

[0044] Next, when choosing a socket, you should select a suitable socket according to the requirements of the electrical equipment.

[0045] Then, rotate the rotary selector switch 9 to the corresponding voltage setting of the electrical equipment to illuminate the corresponding indicator light 12, thus connecting the power supply. Ensure that the entire operation is performed strictly in accordance with regulations to guarantee a safe and reliable electrical environment.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This second embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and its specific structure is as follows: Figure 1-4 As shown, it discloses the following improvements based on implementation method 1:

[0048] The enclosure 1 is hinged to one side with a matching outer door 5 and an inner door 6. The double-door design ensures that only the handles of the circuit breakers, contactors 8 and other components inside the distribution box are exposed, and all live components are completely enclosed. Electricians can only open the outer door to operate the equipment and do not come into contact with live parts, which can effectively prevent electric shock accidents.

[0049] The outer door 5 is equipped with a mechanical lock I4, and the inner door 6 is equipped with a mechanical lock II23. Both the inner and outer doors are mechanical locks. The outer door is a lever lock. General operators can hold the outer door key, while the inner door key is managed independently and specially. This means that only authorized personnel can take the key to open the inner door, limiting the ability of only professional electricians to open the inner door.

[0050] The inner door 6 is also provided with through holes 18 that expose the indicator light group 12, the changeover switch 9, and each circuit breaker. This allows the components that need to be operated to be exposed without opening the inner door 6. In practical applications, the changeover switch 9 and the indicator light group 12 can be installed on the inner door as needed, and their connection lines are connected to the components on the back panel in a redundant manner (e.g., ...). Figure 3 As shown in the figure, depending on the size of the enclosure, the changeover switch 9 and indicator light group 12 can be placed on the back panel, and corresponding windows can be opened on the inner door to make the indicator light group 12, changeover switch 9 and each circuit breaker visible, so as to facilitate operation by the staff.

[0051] In terms of enclosure 1, the new three-level distribution box for construction, designed for easy inspection, adopts a new structure and new materials, with optimized and improved structural layout. Enclosure 1 is made of cold-rolled steel plate and treated with anti-corrosion coating to ensure its robustness and durability. The distribution box features a double-door design. The inner door 6 is secured with corresponding locks and / or bolts, and non-electricians are strictly prohibited from opening it to ensure the safety of internal components. The outer door 5 is unlocked during use and can be quickly opened in emergencies to ensure the safety of operators. The double-door design completely encloses components such as switches and contactors 8, preventing users from coming into contact with live parts and improving electrical safety.

[0052] Working principle: When a double-door design is adopted, after verifying that the power of the electrical equipment is less than or equal to the allowable power of the distribution box, the corresponding operation can be performed by opening the outer door 5 of the distribution box;

[0053] When a professional electrician operates the equipment, they must open the inner door 6 of the distribution box according to regulations (non-electricians are strictly prohibited from opening it). They then perform a series of inspections, wiring checks, and tests, including checking for loose internal wiring and testing the sensitivity of the residual current device (RCD). Based on the power consumption of the electrical equipment, the setting value of the thermal relay 13 is adjusted to ensure the safe operation of the equipment.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] This third embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and its specific structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it discloses the following improvements based on implementation method 1:

[0056] The enclosure 1 has a heat dissipation mechanism 3 on the side wall opposite to each socket. It can adopt a perforated structure design or a grid structure design to solve the problem of insufficient heat dissipation inside the enclosure 1, which can accelerate the aging of electrical equipment and overload the circuit, and easily cause electrical fires.

[0057] The top surface 2 of the enclosure 1 has at least two inclined surfaces, and the size of the top surface 2 is configured to be larger than the size of the bottom surface. The three-level distribution box has rainproof, waterproof and splashproof functions to solve the problem of insufficient protection performance of the distribution box and easy to be intruded by rainwater, which may lead to short circuits and other dangers.

[0058] Working principle: The top 2 of the enclosure 1 in this design is sloping to ensure the enclosure 1's rainproof performance and to add ventilation holes 3. The heat dissipation mechanism improves the durability, waterproofness, and heat dissipation performance of the distribution box, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces the occurrence of failures and accidents.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] This embodiment 4 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and its specific structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it discloses the following improvements based on implementation method 1:

[0061] The box 1 is provided with a detachable bracket 22 at the bottom. The detachable design allows the distribution box to be separated from the bracket when it needs to be installed off the ground, reducing interference between the distribution box and other external equipment or creating safety hazards.

[0062] At least one lifting lug 7 and / or mounting lug is provided on the top of the box 1. The addition of the lifting lug to the structure of the box 1 solves the problem of not being able to place the distribution box when working at height. With the lifting lug, it can be suspended on the wall or steel structure, making the use of electricity more standardized, practical and safe. The design of the mounting lug allows the distribution box to be fixed to the wall or steel structure by a fixing mechanism (such as screws or fixing pins) when it needs to be suspended for a long time.

[0063] Working Principle: In terms of installation, the new three-level distribution box for construction, which facilitates inspection, adopts both ground-mounted and suspended installation methods, flexibly adapting to different construction environments. The ground-mounted bracket is at least 0.8 meters high, effectively preventing rainwater splashing in and ensuring the safe operation of the equipment. The distribution box body 1 is equipped with hooks 7, facilitating suspension on walls or steel structures, solving the placement problem during high-altitude operations, making power distribution more flexible and safer, and reducing limitations on equipment placement and installation.

[0064] This utility model's three-level distribution box comprehensively upgrades the traditional distribution box in terms of door structure, power supply method, and safety protection measures, and has the following effects:

[0065] Firstly, the three-level distribution box is rainproof, waterproof, and splashproof, ensuring adequate grounding protection for exposed conductive parts and complete enclosure of all live parts.

[0066] Secondly, the changeover button replaces the traditional on / off operation, achieving physical isolation and effectively preventing electric shock and arcing injuries, making operation more convenient, safe, and reliable. These improvements effectively prevent electrical accidents and achieve standardized and regulated electricity use at the construction site.

[0067] Thirdly, the double-door design and corresponding different locks ensure the safety of internal components and avoid the risk of electric shock.

[0068] Fourth, by adding contactors to the power supply system, interlocking between three-phase and two-phase sockets is achieved, supporting the use of devices with multiple voltages and ensuring electrical safety. Through a three-phase five-wire system and repeated grounding, adjusting the current setting value of thermal relays, using waterproof industrial sockets and multi-functional switches, and installing a main circuit breaker and residual current device, electrical safety is comprehensively improved.

[0069] Therefore, through these improvements, the new three-level distribution box has significantly enhanced safety, reliability, and intelligent management, effectively preventing various electrical accidents.

[0070] The above solutions are merely illustrative examples of preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. When implementing this invention, appropriate substitutions and / or modifications can be made according to the user's needs.

[0071] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for the purpose of simplifying the description of this utility model. Applications, modifications, and variations of this utility model will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0072] Although embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. Other modifications can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this utility model is not limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A three-level distribution box for use in construction environments, comprising a box body, a single-phase socket and a three-phase socket disposed on one side of the box body, characterized in that, Also includes: The outer and inner doors are hinged to one side of the enclosure, and a selector switch is installed on the back panel or inner door of the enclosure. The changeover switch is connected to a single-phase socket and a three-phase socket respectively via contactors I and II mounted on the back plate; The back panel or inner door is also equipped with an indicator light group that works in conjunction with the selector switch to display the current circuit operating status.

2. The three-level distribution box for use in the construction environment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The back panel is also equipped with circuit breakers I, II, and a main circuit breaker for switching the conduction state of each contactor and its corresponding socket, as well as thermal relays I and II for connecting each contactor to a single-phase socket and a three-phase socket.

3. The three-level distribution box for use in the construction environment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer door is equipped with mechanical lock I, and the inner door is equipped with mechanical lock II; The inner door is also provided with multiple through holes that expose the indicator light group, the changeover switch and / or each circuit breaker.

4. The three-level distribution box for use in the construction environment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure has a heat dissipation mechanism on the side wall opposite to each socket; The top surface of the enclosure has at least two inclined surfaces, and the dimensions of the top surface are configured to be larger than the dimensions of the bottom surface.

5. The three-level distribution box for use in the construction environment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A detachable support is provided at the bottom of the box. At least one lifting lug and / or mounting lug is provided on the top of the enclosure.

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