Photovoltaic and sound-absorbing integrated substrate

Abstract

This utility model relates to an integrated photovoltaic and sound-absorbing substrate, belonging to the field of sound absorption. The substrate, along its thickness direction, comprises: a panel; a double-layer sound-absorbing material layer, including a first sound-absorbing layer, a second sound-absorbing layer, and an adhesive film layer, the adhesive film layer being sandwiched between the first and second sound-absorbing layers, both of which are irregularly perforated sound-absorbing material layers; a supporting base, which has an internal cavity structure, the cavity structure and the irregular perforations forming an acoustic resonance cavity; and a back plate, fixedly connected to the supporting base. When the panel is a microporous sound-absorbing plate, the back plate is a solar panel; when the panel is a solar panel, the back plate is a microporous sound-absorbing plate, and the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate are coupled through a thermally conductive adhesive layer. This integrated photovoltaic and sound-absorbing substrate, by constructing a three-dimensional acoustic system of a microporous sound-absorbing plate, a double-layer sound absorber, and a cavity base, achieves broadband sound wave coverage and prevents interface delamination between the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sound absorption, and in particular to a photovoltaic and sound absorption integrated substrate. Background Technology

[0002] Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is rapidly developing towards multi-functional integration. Traditional BIPV and sound-absorbing substrates typically use conventional porous sound-absorbing material matrices (such as mineral wool boards or aluminum foam) directly laminated with solar panels. While this achieves basic functional integration, the rigid connection between the sound-absorbing matrix and the solar panel allows vibration energy to be transmitted through the rigid connection, causing thermal expansion mismatch between the solar panel and the sound-absorbing matrix, leading to interface delamination. Furthermore, conventional porous sound-absorbing material matrices are prone to failure in the extreme frequency bands below 200Hz and above 4kHz. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic and sound-absorbing integrated substrate to address the problem that due to the rigid connection between the sound-absorbing substrate and the solar panel, vibration energy is transmitted through the rigid connection, causing thermal expansion mismatch between the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate, which leads to interface delamination. At the same time, conventional porous sound-absorbing material substrates are prone to failure in two extreme frequency bands: below 200Hz and above 4kHz.

[0004] This utility model provides a photovoltaic and sound-absorbing integrated substrate, which comprises, along the thickness direction, the following components:

[0005] panel;

[0006] The double-layer sound-absorbing material layer includes a first sound-absorbing layer, a second sound-absorbing layer, and an adhesive film layer. The adhesive film layer is sandwiched between the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer. Both the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer are irregularly perforated sound-absorbing material layers.

[0007] The support base has an internal cavity structure, which, together with the irregular through holes, forms an acoustic resonant cavity.

[0008] The back plate is fixedly connected to the support base;

[0009] When the panel is a microporous sound-absorbing panel, the back panel is a solar panel; when the panel is a solar panel, the back panel is a microporous sound-absorbing panel; the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate are coupled through a thermally conductive adhesive layer.

[0010] In one embodiment, the pore structures of the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer are asymmetrically distributed, and there is an angle between the through-hole axes of the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer.

[0011] In one embodiment, the adhesive film layer is a transparent acrylic film.

[0012] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the through-hole in the irregular through-hole sound-absorbing material layer has a concave-convex structure.

[0013] The aforementioned photovoltaic and sound-absorbing integrated substrate constructs a three-dimensional acoustic system consisting of a microporous sound-absorbing panel, a double-layer sound absorber, and a cavity base. This allows the microporous sound-absorbing panel to precisely control high-frequency sound waves above 4000Hz, the double-layer sound-absorbing material layer to cover mid-frequency sound waves from 200 to 4000Hz, and the acoustic resonant cavity to cover low-frequency sound waves below 200Hz, thereby achieving wideband sound wave coverage and improving the sound absorption effect. At the same time, the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate are coupled through a thermally conductive adhesive layer, which can eliminate the thermal stress between the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate, thereby preventing the interface delamination phenomenon between the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a photovoltaic and sound-absorbing integrated substrate in one embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a photovoltaic and sound-absorbing integrated substrate in one embodiment;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a double-layer sound-absorbing material structure in one embodiment.

[0019] Figure label:

[0020] 100. Panel; 110. Recess; 120. Protrusion; 200. Double-layer sound-absorbing material; 210. First sound-absorbing layer; 220. Second sound-absorbing layer; 230. Adhesive film layer; 300. Support base; 310. Cavity structure; 400. Back panel; 410. Thermally conductive adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this specification belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] The following is combined Figures 1-4 This invention describes an integrated photovoltaic and sound-absorbing substrate.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, a photovoltaic and sound-absorbing integrated substrate includes, in sequence along the thickness direction, a panel 100, a double-layer sound-absorbing material layer 200, a support base 300, and a back plate 400.

[0028] See Figure 4 The double-layer sound-absorbing material layer 200 includes a first sound-absorbing layer 210, a second sound-absorbing layer 220, and an adhesive film layer 230. The adhesive film layer 230 is sandwiched between the first sound-absorbing layer 210 and the second sound-absorbing layer 220. Both the first sound-absorbing layer 210 and the second sound-absorbing layer 220 are irregularly perforated sound-absorbing material layers.

[0029] It should be noted that the adhesive film layer 230 is a transparent acrylic film with a temperature resistance of ≥300℃. The thickness of the adhesive film layer 230 is 0.5-2.0mm. After heat aging at 300℃ for 1000h, the peel strength of the adhesive layer 230 is ≥8N / mm, and the amount of toxic gas released during combustion is <1mg / g, which facilitates the assurance of stability under high temperature conditions.

[0030] The thickness of the first sound-absorbing layer 210 and the second sound-absorbing layer 220 is 6-13mm, and the aperture of the through holes on the first sound-absorbing layer 210 and the second sound-absorbing layer 220 is 0.1-3mm. The 6-13mm thickness ensures that the sound absorption coefficient at 125Hz is >0.6, and the 0.1-3mm aperture extends the high-frequency cutoff frequency to 6000Hz.

[0031] The double-layered material is bonded with high-quality film, which can achieve a 1+1>2 effect in terms of physical properties, mechanical properties and sound insulation performance, and is particularly outstanding in sound insulation performance.

[0032] See Figure 3 The support base 300 has a cavity structure 310 inside, and the cavity structure 310 and the irregular through hole 240 form an acoustic resonance cavity.

[0033] Among them, see Figure 2 When panel 100 is a microporous sound-absorbing panel, back panel 400 is a solar panel, see [reference]. Figure 1 When the panel 100 is a solar panel, the back panel 400 is a microporous sound-absorbing panel, and the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate are coupled through a thermally conductive adhesive layer 410.

[0034] It should be further noted that the pinhole density of the microporous sound-absorbing panel is 80-120 pins / cm², which can capture ultra-high frequency sound waves of 6000-8000Hz. Simultaneously, the sound absorption coefficient for 6000-8000Hz reaches 0.85. This photovoltaic and sound-absorbing integrated substrate constructs a three-dimensional acoustic system consisting of a microporous sound-absorbing panel, a double-layer sound absorber, and a cavity base. This allows the microporous sound-absorbing panel to precisely control high-frequency sound waves above 4000Hz, the double-layer sound-absorbing material layer 200 to cover mid-frequency sound waves of 200-4000Hz, and the acoustic resonant cavity to cover low-frequency sound waves below 200Hz, thus achieving wideband sound wave coverage and improving sound absorption. Furthermore, the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate are coupled through a thermally conductive adhesive layer 410, which eliminates thermal stress between the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate, thereby preventing interface delamination.

[0035] In this embodiment, the density of the irregular through-hole sound-absorbing material layer is 0.1-0.4 times that of metallic aluminum. Therefore, the density of the irregular through-hole sound-absorbing material layer is less than that of metallic aluminum, and the sound insulation coefficient is ≥0.8 in the sound wave frequency range of 200–4000Hz.

[0036] It should be added that the irregularly shaped through-hole sound-absorbing material layer can withstand a high temperature of 1000℃ without melting or deformation, and its combustion performance meets the GB8624 Class A fireproof standard.

[0037] Therefore, irregularly shaped porous sound-absorbing materials have low layer density, high temperature resistance, fire resistance, corrosion resistance, sound insulation and noise reduction, low thermal conductivity, and excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties as well as recyclability.

[0038] In this embodiment, the pore structure of the first sound-absorbing layer 210 and the second sound-absorbing layer 220 is asymmetrically distributed, and there is an angle between the through-hole axes of the first sound-absorbing layer 210 and the second sound-absorbing layer 220, which is 15°-75°.

[0039] By designing the pore structure of the first sound-absorbing layer 210 and the second sound-absorbing layer 220 to be asymmetrically distributed, the sound wave coherence condition can be disrupted, the 500-1000Hz sound insulation trough can be eliminated, and the average sound insulation in the mid-frequency band can be increased to 35dB.

[0040] In this embodiment, the microporous sound-absorbing plate has a recessed portion 110 and a raised portion 120, with the recessed portion 110 and the raised portion 120 arranged at intervals, so that sound waves form an interface of abrupt change in acoustic impedance between the recessed portion 110 and the raised portion 120.

[0041] It should be noted that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive adhesive layer 410 is ≥5W / (m·K), which facilitates the formation of an efficient thermal management channel. The contact surface between the thermally conductive adhesive layer 410 and the solar panel is provided with a wavy heat dissipation groove, which can increase the effective heat conduction area and at the same time, facilitate the reduction of contact thermal resistance.

[0042] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the through holes in the irregular through-hole sound-absorbing material layer is provided with a concave-convex structure. The concave-convex structure forms an acoustic impedance gradient layer, so that the sound waves are continuously reflected in the channel.

[0043] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0044] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic and sound absorbing integrated substrate, characterized by, Along the thickness direction, it includes, in sequence: panel; The double-layer sound-absorbing material layer includes a first sound-absorbing layer, a second sound-absorbing layer, and an adhesive film layer. The adhesive film layer is sandwiched between the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer. Both the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer are irregularly perforated sound-absorbing material layers. The support base has an internal cavity structure, which, together with the irregular through holes, forms an acoustic resonant cavity. The back plate is fixedly connected to the support base; When the panel is a microporous sound-absorbing panel, the back panel is a solar panel; when the panel is a solar panel, the back panel is a microporous sound-absorbing panel; the solar panel and the sound-absorbing substrate are coupled through a thermally conductive adhesive layer.

2. The photovoltaic and sound absorbing integrated substrate of claim 1, wherein, The pore structures of the first and second sound-absorbing layers are asymmetrically distributed, and there is an angle between the through-hole axes of the first and second sound-absorbing layers.

3. The photovoltaic and absorptive integrated substrate according to claim 2, wherein, The adhesive film layer is a transparent acrylic film.

4. The photovoltaic and absorptive integrated substrate according to claim 3, wherein, The inner wall of the through holes in the irregular through-hole sound-absorbing material layer has a concave-convex structure.

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