A replaceable four-axis tooling for machining centers

Abstract

This invention provides a replaceable four-axis tooling for a machining center, including a fixed axis and a quick-change component detachably connected to the fixed axis to carry a part. The quick-change component is equipped with mounting bolts for connecting to the part. This invention is simple to operate; the detachable connection between the fixed axis and the quick-change component eliminates the need for frequent disassembly of the fixed axis. Only the quick-change component carrying the part needs to be disassembled and reassembled. It features high repeatability positioning accuracy, achieves efficient part clamping and switching, and ensures the required form and position tolerances and dimensional tolerances of the part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining, and in particular to a replaceable four-axis tooling for machining centers. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry, the requirements for machining accuracy and efficiency are increasing. A four-axis machining center is a high-precision process testing instrument used in the field of mechanics, with main functions including metal cutting and data programming. This equipment adopts a CNC system and has the capability for four-axis simultaneous CNC machining (X, Y, Z, A).

[0003] In the machining process of a four-axis machining center, the machining of the feature elements of shaft or plate parts is generally completed through the four axes of the machining center. The process clamping method is usually to use a general-purpose three-jaw chuck and a rotating center to form a "one clamp and one center" for shaft parts, and a four-axis bridge plate clamping method for plate parts. For the machining of the feature elements of plate and irregularly shaped parts, the machining is generally completed through the three axes of the machining center. The process clamping method is usually to use a general-purpose vise or a three-jaw chuck. For small batches of parts, adjustable fixtures or combination fixtures are usually used for clamping. For the machining of large batches of parts, corresponding special fixtures are designed.

[0004] However, whether it is a general-purpose fixture, an adjustable fixture, a combination fixture, or a special-purpose fixture, each has obvious advantages and disadvantages. General-purpose fixtures have the highest utilization rate, but only when the parts have usable clamping surfaces. Adjustable fixtures are similar to combination fixtures, and their operation is relatively cumbersome. Special-purpose fixtures have the highest production cost. These fixtures cannot complete the processing of several parts surfaces in one clamping operation. They require a large number of clamping operations, resulting in low efficiency and difficulty in ensuring the form and position tolerances of the parts. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a replaceable four-axis tooling for machining centers to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] This utility model provides a replaceable four-axis tooling for a machining center, including a fixed axis, wherein the fixed axis is detachably connected to a quick-change component that carries a part, and the quick-change component is provided with mounting bolts for connecting to the part.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixed shaft consists of a clamping journal and a shoulder, with the clamping journal located at the end of the shoulder away from the quick-change component.

[0008] Furthermore, a shaft head is provided on the shoulder near the quick-change component, and the shaft head is detachably connected to the quick-change component.

[0009] Furthermore, the shaft head is provided with an assembly groove that matches the end of the quick-change component, and a reference surface is provided on the shaft head.

[0010] Furthermore, a first threaded hole is provided on the reference surface, and a second threaded hole corresponding to the first threaded hole is provided at the position where the quick-change part is embedded in the assembly groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole are connected by a connecting bolt.

[0012] Furthermore, a first pin hole is provided on the reference surface, and a second pin hole corresponding to the first pin hole is provided at the position where the quick-change part is embedded in the assembly groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the first pin hole and the second pin hole are penetrated by a positioning pin and connected by the positioning pin.

[0014] Furthermore, the quick-change component has a hollowed-out through hole in the middle.

[0015] Furthermore, the top surface of the quick-change component has a countersunk groove located at the edge of the through hole, and the bottom surface of the countersunk groove has a third threaded hole corresponding to the mounting screw hole of the component, and the mounting bolt is disposed in the third threaded hole.

[0016] This invention is simple to operate. Through the detachable connection between the fixed shaft and the quick-change component, there is no need to frequently disassemble the fixed shaft. Only the quick-change component carrying the parts needs to be disassembled and assembled. It has high repeatability positioning accuracy, realizes high-efficiency part clamping and switching, and ensures the required form and position tolerances and dimensional tolerances of the parts. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a front view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed shaft structure of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the quick-change component structure in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 This is the second schematic diagram of the quick-change component structure in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] In the diagram: 1-Fixed shaft, 11-Shaft head, 12-Shaft shoulder, 13-Clamping journal, 14-Thrust plane, 15-Assembly slot, 16-Reference surface, 17-First threaded hole, 18-Connecting bolt, 19-Positioning pin, 2-Quick change part, 21-Through hole, 22-Counter groove, 23-Boss, 3-Part, 31-Mounting screw hole, 32-Mounting bolt, 41-Mounting hole, 42-Spring, 43-Top block, 51-Guide block, 52-Guide groove, 53-Conical opening; Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figures 1-4 As shown:

[0033] A replaceable machining center four-axis fixture includes a fixed axis 1, which consists of a shaft head 11, a shaft shoulder 12, and a clamping journal 13. The shaft shoulder 12 has a thrust plane 14 on the end face of the clamping journal 13. The fixed axis 1 is clamped by a universal three-jaw chuck, and the clamping journal 13 is held by the three-jaw chuck. The thrust plane 14 prevents axial displacement of the part 3 during machining.

[0034] The shaft head 11 of the fixed shaft 1 is detachably connected to the quick-change part 2 that carries the load-bearing part 3.

[0035] The shaft head 11 has an assembly groove 15 that matches the end of the quick-change part 2. The outer circumferential surface of the shaft head 11 has two symmetrically arranged reference surfaces 16, which are parallel to the assembly groove 15.

[0036] The datum plane 16 determines the angular relationship between the tooling and the four axes, while ensuring the angular relationship with the quick-change part 2.

[0037] A first threaded hole 17 is provided on the reference surface 16, and a second threaded hole corresponding to the first threaded hole 17 is provided at the position where the quick-change part 2 is embedded in the assembly groove 15. The first threaded hole 17 and the second threaded hole are connected by a connecting bolt 18.

[0038] A first pin hole is provided on the reference surface 16, and a second pin hole corresponding to the first pin hole is provided at the position where the quick-change part 2 is embedded in the assembly groove 15. The first pin hole and the second pin hole are connected by a positioning pin 19.

[0039] The quick-change part 2 has a hollowed-out through hole 21 in the middle. The top surface of the quick-change part 2 has a groove 22 located at the edge of the through hole 21. The groove 22 matches the outer surface of the part 3 where the mounting screw hole 31 is located. The bottom surface of the groove 22 has a third threaded hole corresponding to the mounting screw hole 31 of the part 3. The mounting bolt 32 passes through the third threaded hole and the mounting screw hole 31 to connect the two and realize the installation and fixation of the part 3.

[0040] The through hole 21 facilitates the machining of the bottom of part 3, enabling multi-angle machining.

[0041] In this embodiment, the fixed shaft 1 is made of 45# steel or 30CrMnSi (chromium manganese silicon alloy steel with a carbon content of about 0.30%) to prevent deformation caused by cutting force during processing; the quick-change part 2 is made of aluminum alloy materials such as 2A12 and 6061 to reduce manufacturing costs while ensuring lightweight, which is suitable for multi-variety small-batch production scenarios.

[0042] In use, part 3 is placed into the through hole 21 and the countersunk groove 22. The mounting bolt 32 is passed through the mounting screw hole 31 and the third threaded hole and tightened with a torque wrench to fix part 3 onto the quick-change part 2, ensuring that part 3 is not loose. The quick-change part 2 is inserted into the assembly slot 15, and the quick-change part 2 is initially positioned with the fixed shaft 1 by the locating pin 19. Then, the quick-change part 2 is fixed to the fixed shaft 1 by the connecting bolt 18. The tooling is installed on the machine tool, and the clamping journal 13 of the fixed shaft 1 is inserted into the three-jaw chuck, with the end of the three-jaw chuck abutting the thrust plane 14. When machining part 3, the through hole 21 of the quick-change part 2 is used to complete the machining of 5 sides in one clamping. After the machining of part 3 is completed, there is no need to disassemble the fixed shaft 1. Only the quick-change part 2 carrying part 3 needs to be removed, and the quick-change part 2 with another part 3 installed on it needs to be installed on the fixed shaft 1.

[0043] For shaft-type parts 3, quick-change parts 2 with V-grooves can be customized, and radial machining can be achieved through the cooperation of double ejector pins; for irregularly shaped parts 3, the clamping height can be adjusted by adding or removing shims.

[0044] This utility model is simple to operate. Through the detachable connection between the fixed shaft 1 and the quick-change part 2, there is no need to frequently disassemble the fixed shaft 1. Only the quick-change part 2 carrying the part 3 needs to be disassembled and assembled. It has high repeatability positioning accuracy, realizes high-efficiency clamping and switching of part 3, and ensures the required form and position tolerances and dimensional tolerances of part 3.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the inner wall of the assembly groove 15 is provided with an installation hole 41 opened along the disassembly and assembly direction of the quick-change part 2, and the installation hole 41 is provided with an ejection mechanism to push out the quick-change part 2.

[0047] The pop-out mechanism includes a spring 42 disposed in the mounting hole 41. A top block 43 is provided at one end of the spring 42 near the quick-change part 2. A boss 23 corresponding to the top block 43 is provided at the end of the quick-change part 2. The size of the boss 23 is not greater than the size of the mounting hole 41.

[0048] When installing quick-change part 2, quick-change part 2 is inserted into the assembly slot 15, with the boss 23 corresponding to the top block 43. As quick-change part 2 gradually engages with the assembly slot 15, the boss 23 pushes the top block 43 to gradually compress the spring 42 until quick-change part 2 and assembly slot 15 are fully engaged. At this time, the boss 23 enters the mounting hole 41. Then, the positioning pin 19 is placed and the connecting bolt 18 is installed to complete the installation of quick-change part 2.

[0049] When disassembling quick-change part 2, remove connecting bolt 18 and positioning pin 19. Under the reset force of spring 42, top block 43 pushes boss 23, thereby pushing quick-change part 2 to disengage from assembly slot 15, achieving quick disassembly.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] like Figures 6-8 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a guide block 51 is installed in the assembly slot 15, and a guide slot 52 corresponding to the guide block 51 is provided on the quick-change part 2, which facilitates the quick installation and introduction of the quick-change part 2.

[0052] Furthermore, the end of the guide groove 52 near the guide block 51 is provided as a tapered opening 53.

[0053] The guide block 51 and guide groove 52 can also prevent incorrect installation direction, avoid the scrapping of part 3 due to reverse installation of quick change part 2, and assist the positioning pin 19 in pre-positioning. When quick change part 2 is installed, there is no need to visually align the pin hole. It can be initially aligned by the guide, thus improving clamping efficiency.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A replaceable machining center four-axis tooling, characterized in that: It includes a fixed shaft, which is detachably connected to a quick-change component that carries a component, and the quick-change component is provided with mounting bolts that connect to the component.

2. The changeable machining center four-axis tooling of claim 1, wherein: The fixed shaft consists of a clamping journal and a shoulder, with the clamping journal located at the end of the shoulder away from the quick-change component.

3. The changeable machining center four-axis tooling of claim 2, wherein: A shaft head is provided on the shoulder near the quick-change component, and the shaft head is detachably connected to the quick-change component.

4. The changeable machining center four-axis tooling of claim 3, wherein: The shaft head has an assembly groove that matches the end of the quick-change component, and the shaft head also has a reference surface.

5. The interchangeable machining center four-axis tooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first threaded hole is provided on the reference surface, and a second threaded hole corresponding to the first threaded hole is provided at the position where the quick-change part is embedded in the assembly groove.

6. The changeable machining center four-axis tooling of claim 5, wherein: The first threaded hole and the second threaded hole are connected by a connecting bolt.

7. The changeable machining center four-axis tooling of claim 4, wherein: A first pin hole is provided on the reference surface, and a second pin hole corresponding to the first pin hole is provided at the position where the quick-change part is embedded in the assembly groove.

8. The changeable machining center four-axis tooling of claim 7, wherein: The first pin hole and the second pin hole are connected by a locating pin.

9. The changeable machining center four-axis tooling of claim 1, wherein: The quick-change component has a hollowed-out design in the middle to form a through hole.

10. The changeable machining center four-axis tooling of claim 9, wherein: The top surface of the quick-change part has a groove located at the edge of the through hole, and the bottom surface of the groove has a third threaded hole corresponding to the mounting screw hole of the part. The mounting bolt is disposed in the third threaded hole.

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