A comb-type forklift handling structure

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of forklift technology, and in particular to a comb-type forklift handling structure, including a lifting mast and comb-type forks mounted on the lifting mast for lifting. The comb-type forks include: a main body plate mounted on the lifting mast; and multiple fork teeth, which are evenly distributed and slidably connected to the main body plate; and also include an equidistant adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spacing of the fork teeth at equal intervals. In this utility model, the equidistant adjustment mechanism realizes the equidistant adjustment of the fork tooth spacing, adapting to goods of different widths and different storage locations with stationary comb plates, making it convenient to use and widely applicable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of forklift technology, specifically relating to a comb-type forklift handling structure. Background Technology

[0002] Forklifts are a high-efficiency loading and unloading tool with a large turnover capacity. They can be used for loading, unloading, stacking and short-distance transportation. Electric forklifts, in particular, have advantages such as zero emissions and low noise. They have gradually replaced traditional internal combustion forklifts and are increasingly widely used in places such as stations, ports, freight yards, warehouses and workshops.

[0003] Among them, the comb forklift is a special handling equipment designed for scenarios such as automated parking garages. Its core feature is that it achieves precise exchange and handling of vehicles or goods through a comb-like structure. Its advantage is that it does not require a pallet. It directly achieves the handover of vehicles or goods through the cross-positioning of the comb teeth and the stationary fork plate in the warehouse, saving space and improving efficiency.

[0004] However, in practical applications, it has been found that for traditional comb-type forklifts, the fork teeth are usually welded and fixed to the main body plate of the comb-type forks, making it impossible to adjust the fork teeth at equal intervals according to the actual application scenario, and failing to meet the needs of goods of different widths and different warehouse location stationary comb plates.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a comb-type forklift handling structure. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a comb-type forklift handling structure, which is convenient to use, easy to adjust, and has a wide range of applications.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a comb-type forklift handling structure, comprising a lifting mast and comb-tooth forks disposed on the lifting mast for lifting, wherein the comb-tooth forks include:

[0008] Main body plate, the main body plate being disposed on the lifting gantry; and

[0009] Multiple fork teeth, the multiple fork teeth being equally spaced and slidably connected to the main body plate; also includes

[0010] An equidistant adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the spacing of the fork teeth at equal intervals.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes:

[0012] A guide slider is fixed to one end of the fork tooth, and a guide hole is provided on the main body plate for the guide slider to pass through. The guide slider slides along the length direction of the guide hole.

[0013] Preferably, the equidistant adjustment mechanism includes:

[0014] A movable block fixed to one end of the guide slider;

[0015] A fixed shaft fixed to the moving block;

[0016] Multiple flip-connecting rods, with the fixed shaft passing through the middle of the flip-connecting rods to form a rotating structure, and the ends of adjacent flip-connecting rods pivotally connected to form a “V”-shaped telescopic structure;

[0017] Two symmetrical fixing plates fixed to the main body plate;

[0018] A bidirectional threaded screw is rotatably mounted between the two fixed plates, the bidirectional threaded screw being threadedly engaged with two symmetrically distributed movable blocks; and

[0019] A servo motor drives the bidirectional threaded screw to rotate, and the servo motor is fixed to the fixing plate.

[0020] Preferably, the end face of the fork tooth is attached to the main body plate.

[0021] Preferably, the outer wall of the guide slider is fitted to the inner wall of the guide hole.

[0022] Preferably, it further includes:

[0023] The roller has a mounting cavity inside the guide slider, and the roller is rotatably mounted in the mounting cavity. The outer wall of the roller has a groove that fits against the inner wall of the guide sliding hole, and the width of the groove is equal to the thickness of the main plate.

[0024] Preferably, it further includes:

[0025] Two fixed wing plates are symmetrically fixed to the outer side end of the fork tooth and fixedly connected to the guide slider, and threaded holes are machined on the fixed wing plates.

[0026] Preferably, the lifting gantry includes:

[0027] A three-stage telescopic gantry combined with a telescopic structure; and

[0028] A hydraulic power unit for driving the extension and retraction of the three-stage telescopic gantry.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0030] In this invention, the equidistant adjustment mechanism enables the equidistant adjustment of the fork tooth spacing, adapting to goods of different widths and different storage locations with static fork comb plates. It is convenient to use and has a wide range of applications.

[0031] Other additional advantages and benefits of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the comb-tooth fork in this utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the equidistant adjustment mechanism in the diagram;

[0036] Figure 4 This is an isometric structural diagram of the guide slider in this utility model.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Lifting gantry; 11. Three-stage telescopic gantry; 12. Hydraulic power unit; 2. Comb-type forks; 21. Main body plate; 211. Guide slide hole; 22. Fork teeth; 3. Equidistant adjustment mechanism; 31. Moving block; 32. Fixed shaft; 33. Tilting connecting rod; 34. Fixed plate; 35. Two-way threaded screw; 36. Servo motor; 4. Guide slider; 41. Mounting cavity; 5. Roller; 51. Slot; 6. Fixed wing plate; 61. Threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0039] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a comb-type forklift handling structure, including a lifting mast 1 and a comb-type fork 2 disposed on the lifting mast 1 for lifting. The comb-type fork 2 includes a main body plate 21 and a plurality of fork teeth 22, and also includes an equidistant adjustment mechanism 3.

[0040] Furthermore, by Figures 1-3As shown in this embodiment, the main body plate 21 is mounted on the lifting mast 1, and multiple fork teeth 22 are evenly distributed and slidably connected to the main body plate 21. The equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 is used to adjust the spacing of the fork teeth 22 at equal intervals. With the above scheme, when in use, the lifting mast 1 is mounted at the front end of the forklift body or the front end of the AGV. When the comb-type forklift handling structure is started, the lifting mast 1 first achieves vertical lifting movement through the built-in lifting drive device, thereby driving the main body plate 21 mounted on it to lift synchronously, so that the comb-type forks 2 reach the bottom height of the target goods.

[0041] Before picking up goods of different specifications, the spacing of the fork teeth 22 needs to be adjusted by the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 according to the size of the goods and the distribution of the fork holes. The core working principle of the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 is that it can ensure that multiple fork teeth 22 slide synchronously and equidistantly on the main plate 21 to form a uniformly distributed spacing of fork teeth 22.

[0042] After the spacing of the fork teeth 22 is adjusted, the lifting gantry 1 moves again, so that the fork teeth 22 of the comb-type fork 2 are inserted into the fork holes or bottom gaps of the goods. Since the fork teeth 22 are slidably connected to the main plate 21 and the spacing is kept uniform by the equal distance adjustment mechanism 3, the weight of the goods can be evenly borne, avoiding the goods from tilting or being damaged due to uneven force.

[0043] When goods need to be moved, the lifting gantry 1 lifts the goods to a certain height, and then the moving mechanism of the handling equipment (such as the chassis drive system of a forklift or AGV) transports the goods to the designated location. Throughout the handling process, the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 always keeps the spacing of the fork teeth 22 stable, ensuring the balance and safety of the goods during transportation.

[0044] When it is necessary to unload the goods, the lifting gantry 1 descends to the goods placement surface, separating the fork teeth 22 from the goods. Then, the spacing of the fork teeth 22 is adjusted by the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 to adapt to the needs of handling different goods in the next operation.

[0045] In summary, this comb-type forklift handling structure achieves height adjustment through the lifting gantry 1 and uses the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 to flexibly and uniformly adjust the spacing of the fork teeth 22, thereby enabling efficient and stable forklift handling of goods of different specifications. It is also suitable for static forklift comb plates in different storage locations, significantly improving the versatility and practicality of the handling equipment.

[0046] Preferably, by Figures 1-3As shown, this embodiment also includes: a guide slider 4, which is fixed to one end of the fork tooth 22. A guide sliding hole 211 is provided on the main body plate 21 for the guide slider 4 to pass through. The guide slider 4 slides along the length direction of the guide sliding hole 211. With the above solution, when the fork tooth 22 is driven to slide on the main body plate 21 by the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3, the guide slider 4 moves linearly along the length direction of the guide sliding hole 211 (i.e., the movement direction of the fork tooth 22 spacing adjustment).

[0047] Optionally, by Figures 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 includes: a moving block 31 fixed to one end of the guide slider 4, a fixed shaft 32 fixed to the moving block 31, multiple flip connecting rods 33, two fixed plates 34 symmetrically fixed to the main body plate 21, a bidirectional threaded screw 35 rotatably installed between the two fixed plates 34, and a servo motor 36 driving the bidirectional threaded screw 35 to rotate. The fixed shaft 32 passes through the middle of the flip connecting rod 33 to form a rotating structure. The ends of adjacent flip connecting rods 33 are pivotally connected to form a "V"-shaped telescopic structure. The bidirectional threaded screw 35 is threadedly engaged with two symmetrically distributed moving blocks 31. The servo motor 36 is fixed to the fixed plate 34. With the above scheme, when it is necessary to adjust the spacing of the fork teeth 22, the servo motor 36 starts, and the output shaft of the servo motor 36 drives the bidirectional threaded screw 35 to rotate. The two ends of the bidirectional threaded screw 35 are respectively machined with left-hand and right-hand threads, and the thread lead is consistent to ensure that the movement speed and displacement of the moving blocks 31 on both sides are completely symmetrical.

[0048] Two symmetrical moving blocks 31 (preferably located at the leftmost and rightmost ends of the entire array of fork teeth 22) that are threaded into the bidirectional threaded screw 35 move in the opposite direction along the axis of the guide slide hole 211 when the bidirectional threaded screw 35 rotates.

[0049] Each moving block 31 is connected to the flipping connecting rod 33 via a fixed shaft 32. The included angle between any two adjacent flipping connecting rods 33 changes dynamically with the displacement of the moving block 31, always maintaining geometric symmetry.

[0050] It should be noted that when there is an even number of fork teeth 22, they are divided into two groups, left and right, with the number of teeth in both groups being exactly the same, and the two groups of fork teeth 22 move at equal distances; when there is an odd number of fork teeth 22, the middle fork tooth 22 always remains stationary, and the number of fork teeth 22 on both sides is the same, and they move at equal distances. The fork teeth 22 shown in this utility model are an even number.

[0051] When the two end moving blocks 31 move outward, the outermost flip connecting rod 33 (connected to the two end moving blocks 31) flips around the fixed axis 32, pulling the adjacent flip connecting rods 33 to unfold synchronously, forming a "V" expansion. Since the length of each flip connecting rod 33 is consistent and the pivot points are equidistantly distributed, the middle moving block 31 will move synchronously in proportion to the displacement of the two end moving blocks 31, ultimately achieving a uniform increase in the spacing of all fork teeth 22, and vice versa.

[0052] When the fork 22 is under load, the weight of the cargo is transmitted to the moving block 31 through the guide slider 4, and then distributed to the fixed plates 34 and the bidirectional threaded screw 35 at both ends through the hinge point of the flip connecting rod 33, forming a symmetrical force transmission path, avoiding overload on a single drive component and improving the mechanism's resistance to eccentric loads.

[0053] Preferably, by Figures 1-3 As shown in this embodiment, the end face of the fork tooth 22 is attached to the main body plate 21. After adopting the above solution, the shaking or vibration caused by the gap in the traditional sliding connection is eliminated during use. The contact surface is usually sprayed with a self-lubricating coating (such as polytetrafluoroethylene coating) to achieve friction reduction and wear resistance, and ensure smooth sliding.

[0054] When the fork 22 is under load, the weight of the cargo is evenly transferred to the main plate 21 through the entire mating surface, avoiding stress concentration caused by single-point force. Through large-area rigid constraint, the rotational freedom of the fork 22 around its axis is restricted, ensuring stability and safety.

[0055] Preferably, by Figures 1-3 As shown in this embodiment, the outer wall of the guide slider 4 fits against the inner wall of the guide slide hole 211. With the above solution, during use, the inner wall of the guide slide hole 211 and the outer contour of the guide slider 4 are precisely matched, which restricts the degree of freedom of the fork teeth 22 in the direction perpendicular to the sliding direction (such as up and down swaying or lateral offset), ensuring that all fork teeth 22 only move parallel along the preset spacing adjustment direction. This rigid guide structure effectively avoids the fork teeth 22 from skewing or jamming due to uneven force during the adjustment process, and ensures the accuracy and smoothness of the equidistant adjustment.

[0056] When the fork 22 is inserted into the cargo and carries it, the weight of the cargo is transferred through the fork 22 to the contact surface between the guide slider 4 and the guide hole 211. The rigid support of the guide slider 4 can effectively disperse the vertical and lateral loads on the fork 22.

[0057] Preferably, by Figures 1-4As shown, this embodiment also includes: a roller 5, a mounting cavity 41 in the guide slider 4, the roller 5 being rotatably mounted in the mounting cavity 41, the outer wall of the roller 5 having a groove 51 that fits against the inner wall of the guide sliding hole 211, and the width of the groove 51 being equal to the thickness of the main body plate 21. With the above scheme, in use, the groove-type rolling cooperation design between the roller 5 and the guide sliding hole 211 replaces sliding friction with rolling friction and constructs a three-dimensional constraint guide, achieving low resistance and high rigidity motion control during the adjustment and load-bearing process of the fork tooth 22.

[0058] The outer wall groove 51 of the roller 5 is usually "U" or "V" shaped (designed according to the cross-section of the guide slide hole 211). Its width is strictly equal to the thickness of the main body plate 21, so that the roller 5 is engaged between the two side walls of the guide slide hole 211, restricting the lateral displacement of the guide slider 4 in the direction perpendicular to the sliding direction (i.e. the thickness direction of the main body plate 21), and ensuring that the fork tooth 22 always moves along a straight trajectory.

[0059] The mounting cavity 41 of the guide slider 4 provides rotation space for the roller 5. Its inner wall is clearance-fitted with the shaft of the roller 5, which ensures that the roller 5 can rotate flexibly and restricts its axial movement through the shaft shoulder.

[0060] Preferably, by Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment also includes: two fixed wing plates 6, which are symmetrically fixed to the outer side end of the fork tooth 22 and fixedly connected to the guide slider 4. The fixed wing plates 6 are machined with threaded holes 61. With the above solution, when in use, one end of the fixed wing plate 6 is fixed to the outer side end of the fork tooth 22 by welding, and the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the guide slider 4 by welding or bolts (through the reserved threaded holes 61).

[0061] The two fixed wing plates 6 further increase the contact area between the fork tooth 22 and the guide slider 4, which can further disperse the vertical and lateral loads on the fork tooth 22.

[0062] Optionally, by Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, the lifting gantry 1 includes: a three-stage telescopic gantry 11 combined into a telescopic structure and a hydraulic power unit 12 for driving the telescopic extension and retraction of the three-stage telescopic gantry 11. After adopting the above scheme, in use, the three-stage telescopic gantry 11 and the hydraulic power unit 12 of the lifting gantry 1 constitute a multi-stage linkage lifting system, and the vertical positioning of the comb-type fork 2 is achieved through precise control of hydraulic pressure.

[0063] The three-stage telescopic gantry 11 consists of an outer gantry, a middle gantry, and an inner gantry, arranged from the outside in. It is made of rectangular steel pipes or H-shaped steel welded together. Each stage of the gantry is guided by rollers or sliders to ensure straightness during telescopic movement.

[0064] The lifting mast 1 is a very common forklift mast in the prior art. Its specific composition and working principle can be referred to in the prior art (such as the Chinese utility model patent "A Three-Level Fully Free Forklift Mast" with authorization announcement number CN206720673U). It will not be elaborated on further in this article.

[0065] It should be noted that the servo motor 36 is a commercially available standard device with a built-in power switch. Those skilled in the art can make conventional selections according to their needs. Its working principle is common knowledge known to those skilled in the art and has been fully disclosed in existing technology, so it will not be elaborated further in this article.

[0066] The circuit connection involved in this utility model is a common method used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through a limited number of experiments. It belongs to the widely used prior art.

[0067] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0068] The working principle and usage process of this utility model: When using the comb-type forklift handling structure of this utility model, the lifting mast 1 is located at the front end of the forklift body or the front end of the AGV vehicle. When the comb-type forklift handling structure is started, the lifting mast 1 first achieves vertical lifting movement through the built-in lifting drive device, thereby driving the main plate 21 installed on it to lift synchronously, so that the comb-type forks 2 reach the bottom height of the target goods.

[0069] Before picking up goods of different specifications, the spacing of the fork teeth 22 needs to be adjusted by the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 according to the size of the goods and the distribution of the fork holes. The core working principle of the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 is that it can ensure that multiple fork teeth 22 slide synchronously and equidistantly on the main plate 21 to form a uniformly distributed spacing of fork teeth 22.

[0070] After the spacing of the fork 22 is adjusted, the lifting gantry 1 moves again, so that the fork 22 of the comb-type fork 2 is inserted into the fork hole or bottom gap of the goods. Since the fork 22 is slidably connected to the main plate 21 and the spacing is kept uniform by the equal distance adjustment mechanism 3, it can bear the weight of the goods evenly and avoid the goods from tilting or being damaged due to uneven force.

[0071] When goods need to be moved, the lifting gantry 1 lifts the goods to a certain height, and then the moving mechanism of the handling equipment (such as the chassis drive system of a forklift or AGV) transports the goods to the designated location. Throughout the handling process, the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 always keeps the spacing of the fork teeth 22 stable, ensuring the balance and safety of the goods during transportation.

[0072] When it is necessary to unload the goods, the lifting gantry 1 descends to the goods placement surface, so that the fork teeth 22 are separated from the goods. Then, the spacing of the fork teeth 22 is adjusted by the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 to adapt to the needs of handling different goods in the next operation.

[0073] In summary, this comb-type forklift handling structure achieves height adjustment through the lifting gantry 1 and uses the equidistant adjustment mechanism 3 to flexibly and uniformly adjust the spacing of the fork teeth 22, thereby enabling efficient and stable forklift handling of goods of different specifications. It is also suitable for static forklift comb plates in different storage locations, significantly improving the versatility and practicality of the handling equipment.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A comb type fork take delivery structure comprising a lifting portal (1) and a comb tooth type fork (2) provided in the lifting portal (1) to be lifted, characterized in that, The comb-tooth fork (2) includes: Main body plate (21), said main body plate (21) is disposed on the lifting gantry (1); and Multiple fork teeth (22) are evenly spaced and slidably connected to the main body plate (21); It also includes... An equidistant adjustment mechanism (3) is used to equidistantly adjust the spacing of the fork teeth (22).

2. The comb-type forklift handling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The guide slider (4) is fixed to one end of the fork tooth (22). A guide hole (211) is provided on the main body plate (21) for the guide slider (4) to pass through. The guide slider (4) slides along the length direction of the guide hole (211).

3. A comb fork pick-up and handling structure according to claim 2, characterised in that: The equidistant adjustment mechanism (3) includes: A movable block (31) fixed to one end of the guide slider (4); Fixed shaft (32) fixed to the moving block (31); Multiple flip-connecting rods (33), the fixed shaft (32) passes through the middle of the flip-connecting rods (33) to form a rotating structure, and the ends of adjacent flip-connecting rods (33) are pivotally connected to form a "V"-shaped telescopic structure; Two fixing plates (34) are symmetrically fixed to the main body plate (21); A bidirectional threaded screw (35) is rotatably mounted between the two fixed plates (34), the bidirectional threaded screw (35) being threadedly engaged with two symmetrically distributed movable blocks (31); and A servo motor (36) drives the bidirectional threaded screw (35) to rotate, and the servo motor (36) is fixed to the fixing plate (34).

4. A comb fork pick-up and handling structure according to claim 1, wherein: The end face of the fork tooth (22) is attached to the main body plate (21).

5. A comb fork pick-up and handling structure according to claim 2, wherein: The outer wall of the guide slider (4) is attached to the inner wall of the guide slide hole (211).

6. A comb fork pick-up and carry structure according to claim 2, wherein: Also includes: The roller (5) has an installation cavity (41) inside the guide slider (4). The roller (5) is rotatably installed in the installation cavity (41). The outer wall of the roller (5) has a groove (51) that fits the inner wall of the guide sliding hole (211). The width of the groove (51) is equal to the thickness of the main plate (21).

7. The comb-type forklift handling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: Two fixed wing plates (6) are symmetrically fixed to the outer side end of the fork tooth (22) and fixedly connected to the guide slider (4), and threaded holes (61) are machined on the fixed wing plates (6).

8. A comb fork handling structure according to claim 1, wherein: The lifting gantry (1) includes: The three-stage telescopic gantry (11) is combined into a telescopic structure; and Hydraulic power unit (12) for driving the extension and retraction of the three-stage telescopic gantry (11).

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