A biochar preparation device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of biochar production technology and discloses a biochar preparation device, including a carbonization cylinder and a combustion cylinder. The combustion cylinder is nested outside the carbonization cylinder, and a heating cylinder is coaxially arranged in the middle of the carbonization cylinder. A heating ring, coaxially arranged with the carbonization cylinder, is provided on the inner wall of the combustion cylinder. The opening of the heating cylinder faces downward and is connected to the combustion cylinder. Multiple pyrolysis gas recovery pipes are also provided inside the carbonization cylinder. Each pyrolysis gas recovery pipe includes a vertically arranged main ventilation pipe, a first ventilation branch pipe connected to the heating cylinder, and a second ventilation branch pipe connected to the heating ring. The air inlet of the main ventilation pipe is located at the top. An air inlet pipe assembly is also provided on the combustion cylinder. The air inlet pipe assembly includes a corresponding main ventilation pipe to the heating cylinder and a ventilation branch pipe connected to the heating ring. The air inlet pipe assembly is located below the carbonization cylinder. This device effectively utilizes the pyrolysis gas, avoids energy waste, and accelerates the preparation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of biochar production technology, specifically relating to a biochar preparation device. Background Technology

[0002] Biochar is a stable carbon-rich substance produced by the pyrolysis of agricultural and forestry waste (such as kiwifruit branches and straw) under oxygen-free conditions. When applied to the soil as a soil conditioner, biochar can increase soil porosity, improve soil water retention capacity, and enhance the abundance of soil biological communities. Kiwifruit branches, in particular, have a high lignin content and produce a high amount of biochar from pyrolysis, far exceeding that of herbaceous raw materials.

[0003] Existing agricultural biochar preparation devices mostly rely on other wood sources for heat, resulting in extremely high consumption. Furthermore, the treatment of pyrolysis gas is incomplete, leading to insufficient energy utilization. Direct emissions can also cause air pollution.

[0004] In view of this, the inventor conducted in-depth research on the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, which led to the creation of this case. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biochar preparation device that effectively utilizes pyrolysis gas, avoids energy waste, and accelerates the preparation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A biochar preparation apparatus includes a carbonization cylinder and a combustion cylinder. The combustion cylinder is nested outside the carbonization cylinder. A heating cylinder is coaxially arranged in the middle of the carbonization cylinder. A heating ring, coaxially arranged with the carbonization cylinder, is provided on the inner wall of the combustion cylinder. The opening of the heating cylinder faces downward and communicates with the combustion cylinder. The heating ring has an annular side plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the combustion cylinder, an upper top plate at the top of the annular side plate, and a lower top plate at the bottom of the annular side plate. Both the upper and lower top plates are annular and slidably sleeved with the side wall of the carbonization cylinder. The carbonization cylinder also has multiple pyrolysis gas recovery pipes. Each pyrolysis gas recovery pipe includes a vertically arranged main ventilation pipe, a first ventilation branch pipe communicating with the heating cylinder, and a second ventilation branch pipe communicating with the heating ring. The air inlet of the main ventilation pipe is located at the top. The combustion cylinder also has an air inlet pipe assembly, which includes a ventilation main pipe corresponding to the heating cylinder and a ventilation branch pipe communicating with the heating ring. The air inlet pipe assembly is located below the carbonization cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a blower, which is connected to the main ventilation pipe of the air inlet duct assembly; the main ventilation pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the combustion chamber. The blower can accelerate the rate at which air enters.

[0009] Furthermore, the lower top plate has several through holes for a ignition source to enter. These through holes allow the ignition source to ignite the pyrolysis gas within the heating ring more quickly.

[0010] Furthermore, a window for adding wood is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber, and a door is provided at the window; a grate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and a support ring for supporting the carbonization chamber is fixedly connected above the grate via a support rod. The grate ensures that the wood burns more vigorously initially, accelerating the generation of pyrolysis gas.

[0011] Furthermore, the combustion chamber is equipped with a cover, and a spray system is installed at the bottom of the cover. The spray system includes a spray plate and several spray nozzles, and a water inlet pipe is connected to the spray plate. The spray system can be used to quickly cool the biochar inside the carbonization chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the side walls and cover of the combustion cylinder are equipped with heat insulation cotton. This heat insulation cotton reduces heat loss and accelerates carbonization efficiency.

[0013] With the above structure, the biochar preparation device of this utility model, compared with the prior art, first heats the carbonization cylinder with firewood in the combustion cylinder to generate pyrolysis gas. Then, the pyrolysis gas is transported to the heating ring and heating cylinder through the pyrolysis gas recovery pipe. The combustible gas in the pyrolysis gas is mixed with the open flame for combustion. The carbonization cylinder is heated from the middle and the outside at the same time. This not only accelerates the carbonization efficiency but also reduces external fuel consumption. It realizes a partial energy closed loop of converting the "waste gas" generated in the carbonization process into the energy required by itself, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0014] This utility model can be further illustrated by the non-limiting embodiments given in the accompanying drawings;

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Internal structure diagram;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the carbonization cylinder in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cylinder cover and the spraying system of this utility model.

[0020] The symbols for the main components are explained as follows: Carbonization cylinder 1, Combustion cylinder 2, Window 21, Chamber door 22, Grate 23, Support ring 231, Heating cylinder 3, Heating ring 4, Annular side plate 41, Upper top plate 42, Lower top plate 43, Through hole 431, Pyrolysis gas recovery pipe 5, Main ventilation pipe 51, First ventilation branch pipe 52, Second ventilation branch pipe 53, Air inlet pipe assembly 6, Main ventilation pipe 61, Ventilation branch pipe 62, Blower 7, Cylinder cover 8, Spray system 9, Spray disc 91, Spray nozzle 92, Water inlet pipe 93. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that similar or identical parts are referred to by the same reference numerals in the drawings or description. Implementations not shown or described in the drawings are forms known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "up," "down," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," "front," and "back," are only for reference to the directions in the drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-5As shown, this utility model relates to a biochar preparation device, which includes a carbonization cylinder 1 and a combustion cylinder 2. The combustion cylinder 2 is nested outside the carbonization cylinder 1. A window 21 for adding wood is opened on the side wall of the combustion cylinder 2. A door 22 is provided at the window 21. The door 22 is hinged to the side wall of the combustion cylinder 2, so that the window 21 can be closed. A grate 23 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the combustion cylinder 2. A support ring 231 for supporting the carbonization cylinder 1 is fixedly connected above the grate 23 by a support rod. The grate 23 can ensure that the wood burns more vigorously at the beginning and accelerate the generation of pyrolysis gas. A heating cylinder 3 is coaxially arranged in the middle of the carbonization cylinder 1. A heating ring 4, coaxially arranged with the carbonization cylinder 1, is provided on the inner wall of the combustion cylinder 2. The opening of the heating cylinder 3 faces downward and communicates with the combustion cylinder 2. The heating ring 4 has an annular side plate 41 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the combustion cylinder 2, an upper top plate 42 located at the top of the annular side plate 41, and a lower top plate 43 located at the bottom of the annular side plate 41. Both the upper top plate 42 and the lower top plate 43 are annular and slidably sleeved with the side wall of the carbonization cylinder 1. Specifically, the annular side plate 41 can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the combustion cylinder 2 by welding. A lifting lug is provided on the outer side of the top of the carbonization cylinder 1. When placing or removing the carbonization cylinder 1, it can be lifted by the lug. The carbonization cylinder 1 is removed. Multiple pyrolysis gas recovery pipes 5 are installed inside the carbonization cylinder 1, arranged in a ring-shaped array along its axis. Each pyrolysis gas recovery pipe 5 includes a vertically arranged main ventilation pipe 51, a first ventilation branch pipe 52 connected to the heating cylinder 3, and a second ventilation branch pipe 53 connected to the heating ring 4. The air inlet of the main ventilation pipe 51 is located at the top. Anti-backfire valves are installed on the first and second ventilation branch pipes 52 and 53. An air inlet pipe assembly 6 is also provided on the combustion cylinder 2. The air inlet pipe assembly 6 includes a corresponding main ventilation pipe 61 connected to the heating cylinder 3 and a ventilation branch pipe 62 connected to the heating ring 4. The air inlet pipe assembly 6 is located below the carbonization cylinder 1. Specifically, the main ventilation pipe 61 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the combustion cylinder 2 and is connected to a blower 7, which can be powered by a battery. Initially, wood is added to the combustion chamber 2, and the combustion of the wood heats the carbonization chamber 1 for carbonization. During the carbonization process, a large amount of pyrolysis gas (mainly CO, H2, CH4, tar vapor, etc.) is gradually generated. When the ventilation pipe group ventilates the heating chamber 3 and the heating ring 4, a negative pressure is formed, which absorbs the pyrolysis gas into the heating chamber 3 and the heating ring 4. It is used as auxiliary fuel and mixed with the open flame for combustion, which can significantly enhance the heating capacity and reduce external fuel consumption.

[0023] In this embodiment, a plurality of through holes 431 are formed on the lower top plate 43 for the entry of a fire source. The through holes 431 allow the fire source to ignite the pyrolysis gas in the heating ring 4 more quickly.

[0024] In this embodiment, the combustion cylinder 2 is equipped with a cylinder cover 8, and a spray system 9 is installed at the bottom of the cylinder cover 8. The spray system 9 includes a spray plate 91 and several spray nozzles 92. Both the spray nozzles 92 and the spray plate 91 are made of high-temperature resistant material. A water inlet pipe 93 is connected to the spray plate 91, and the water inlet pipe 93 can be connected to a high-pressure water pump. The spray system 9 can be used to quickly cool the biochar in the carbonization cylinder 1.

[0025] Alternatively, a crushing mechanism can be installed on the combustion cylinder 2. The crushing mechanism can be snapped into the top of the combustion cylinder 2. Specifically, the crushing mechanism can include a mounting ring that snaps into the combustion cylinder 2. The mounting ring is equipped with crushing blades and a motor that drives the crushing blades. The mounting ring is covered with a feed shell. During operation, dried kiwi branches or other branches can be directly inserted through the feed shell. The branches are crushed directly by the crushing blades. Then, the crushing mechanism can be disassembled, and finally the cylinder cover can be installed.

[0026] In this embodiment, heat insulation cotton is provided on the side wall and the cover of the combustion cylinder 2. The heat insulation cotton can reduce heat loss and accelerate the carbonization efficiency.

[0027] The method of using this utility model is as follows: First, cut or crush the dried kiwi branches or other branches, then put them into the carbonization cylinder 1, and place the carbonization cylinder 1 into the combustion cylinder 2, and cover it with the cylinder cover 8. Next, put the wood into the grate 23 of the combustion cylinder 2 through the window 21 and ignite it. Then, turn on the blower 7 to continuously blow air inward. After the wood has been burning for a period of time, the branches in the carbonization cylinder 1 will gradually generate a large amount of pyrolysis gas during the carbonization process. The pyrolysis gas is transported into the heating cylinder 3 and the heating ring 4 through the pyrolysis gas recovery pipe 5 for combustion. The carbonization cylinder 1 is heated from the middle and the outside at the same time, thereby accelerating the carbonization efficiency. After the carbonization is completed, the carbonization cylinder 1 is quickly cooled by the spray system 9, and then the carbonization cylinder 1 is taken out.

[0028] The above provides a detailed description of the biochar preparation apparatus provided by this utility model. The specific embodiments are described only to aid in understanding the method and core concept of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A biochar preparation apparatus, characterized in that: The device includes a carbonization cylinder (1) and a combustion cylinder (2). The combustion cylinder (2) is nested outside the carbonization cylinder (1). A heating cylinder (3) is coaxially arranged in the middle of the carbonization cylinder (1). A heating ring (4) is coaxially arranged with the carbonization cylinder (1) on the inner wall of the combustion cylinder (2). The opening of the heating cylinder (3) faces downward and is connected to the combustion cylinder (2). The heating ring (4) has an annular side plate (41) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the combustion cylinder (2), an upper top plate (42) located at the top of the annular side plate (41), and a lower top plate (43) located at the bottom of the annular side plate (41). Both the upper top plate (42) and the lower top plate (43) are annular. It is slidably sleeved with the side wall of the carbonization cylinder (1); the carbonization cylinder (1) is also provided with a plurality of pyrolysis gas recovery pipes (5), the pyrolysis gas recovery pipes (5) include a vertically arranged main ventilation pipe (51), a first ventilation branch pipe (52) connected to the heating cylinder (3) and a second ventilation branch pipe (53) connected to the heating ring (4); the air inlet of the main ventilation pipe (51) is located at the top; the combustion cylinder (2) is also provided with an air inlet pipe group (6), the air inlet pipe group (6) includes a ventilation main pipe (61) corresponding to the heating cylinder (3) and a ventilation branch pipe (62) connected to the heating ring (4); the air inlet pipe group is located below the carbonization cylinder (1).

2. A device for producing biochar according to claim 1, characterised in that: It also includes a blower (7), which is connected to the ventilation main pipe (61) of the air inlet pipe group (6); the ventilation main pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the combustion cylinder (2).

3. A device for producing biochar according to claim 2, characterised in that: The lower top plate (43) has several through holes (431) for the entry of a fire source.

4. A device for producing biochar according to claim 3, characterised in that: The combustion cylinder (2) has a window (21) for adding wood on its side wall, and a door (22) is provided at the window (21); a grate (23) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the combustion cylinder (2), and a support ring (231) for supporting the carbonization cylinder is fixedly connected above the grate (23) by a support rod.

5. A device for producing biochar according to claim 4, characterised in that: The combustion cylinder (2) is provided with a cylinder cover (8), and a spray system (9) is installed at the bottom of the cylinder cover (8). The spray system (9) includes a spray plate (91) and several spray nozzles (92). A water inlet pipe (93) is connected to the spray plate (91).

6. A device for producing biochar according to claim 5, characterised in that: The side wall of the combustion cylinder (2) and the cylinder cover (8) are both provided with heat insulation cotton.

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