A heat treatment fixture for alloy steel

Abstract

This utility model discloses a heat treatment fixture for alloy steel, relating to the field of heat treatment technology. The fixture includes a top plate and a bottom plate below it, which are movably connected by a support frame. A limiting plate is provided between the top and bottom plates. This utility model, through its staggered structure and three layers of positioning plates, forces alloy steel workpieces to maintain an inclined or staggered arrangement, directly eliminating the problem of workpieces being tightly stacked. The uniform gaps formed between the workpieces ensure that hot air and radiant energy fully contact all surfaces, eliminating heating blind spots and achieving a uniform temperature field distribution. This fundamentally eliminates structural and performance defects caused by insufficient local heating, ensuring consistent heat treatment quality. Simultaneously, this structure enables three-dimensional multi-layer loading, significantly improving the utilization rate of the fixture space. The vertically distributed workpiece groups increase the single-pass throughput under the same floor space conditions, directly improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of heat treatment technology, specifically to a heat treatment fixture for alloy steel. Background Technology

[0002] Many industrial metal parts, such as bushings, require heat treatment to achieve the desired microstructure and properties. The heat treatment fixtures used in the process, due to the frequent and repeated high-temperature heating and cooling processes and the large number of metal parts they contain, need to possess good structural strength, load-bearing capacity, and resistance to deformation. Simultaneously, the grid-like perforated structure of the fixture must consider the flow of quenching oil during the heat treatment quenching process.

[0003] Currently, traditional heat treatment fixtures only have basket-shaped fixtures. When heating alloy steel, operators can only place the alloy steel together and then heat it, resulting in insufficient heating. In order not to affect the quality, the alloy steel can only be laid flat at the bottom for heat treatment. In order not to affect the processing quality, this utility model has invented a heat treatment fixture with an interlaced structure. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a heat treatment fixture for alloy steel to solve the technical problem of low production efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a heat treatment fixture for alloy steel, comprising a top plate and a bottom plate below the top plate. The bottom plate is movably connected by a support frame. A limiting plate is provided between the top plate and the bottom plate. The top plate and the bottom plate are provided with round holes for engaging alloy steel, and the limiting plate is also provided with round holes, forming an interlaced structure. A baffle is provided below the bottom plate, and the baffle is provided with several small square holes.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the structure, through the staggered design of three layers of circular holes in the top plate, bottom plate and middle limiting plate, forces the alloy steel workpiece to form a non-vertical inclined or staggered arrangement when inserted, which completely avoids the problem of uneven local heating caused by the close stacking of workpieces in traditional tooling. The gaps naturally formed between the workpieces significantly improve the penetration of hot airflow and the efficiency of radiative heat transfer, ensuring the uniformity of surface temperature during heat treatment, and eliminating the defects in microstructure and properties caused by insufficient heating from the root. At the same time, the movable connection of the support frame and the square holes of the baffle work together to enhance the dynamic stability of the structure: the movable support frame can adapt to the positioning requirements of workpieces of different sizes, while the square holes of the baffle can not only constrain the displacement of the bottom end of the workpiece, but also provide an additional flow path for quenching oil, forming a multi-layer three-dimensional cooling channel.

[0007] Furthermore, a gap is formed between the base plate and the baffle.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the gap between the base plate and the baffle forms a buffer and drainage space, allowing quenching oil to rush in at high speed and diffuse in multiple directions along the workpiece surface during the quenching stage. This space can reduce the impact force of the oil flow, avoid deformation or cracking of the workpiece due to stress concentration caused by sudden cooling, and promote the efficient discharge of the oil-gas mixture, preventing gas film from adhering to the workpiece surface and causing soft spot defects. At the same time, the gap structure improves the adaptability to the thermal expansion of the tooling: when the base plate is heated and extended during heat treatment, the gap can absorb the deformation, avoiding structural deformation or stress cracking caused by limited material expansion, and significantly extending the service life of the tooling.

[0009] Furthermore, the heat treatment fixture is provided with an outer frame on the outside, and one side of the outer frame has an open structure.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the open outer frame design allows the heat treatment fixture to slide in and out as a whole, simplifying the loading and unloading process and reducing the safety risks of high-temperature operation. As an independent load-bearing structure, the outer frame disperses all mechanical tension during hoisting through a rigid skeleton, preventing the fixture basket carrying the workpiece from undergoing plastic deformation or cracking due to direct force, especially protecting the weak connection parts after high-temperature softening. At the same time, the outer frame forms multi-directional constraints on the fixture, resisting the shaking caused by oil flow impact during the oil quenching stage, maintaining the orderly arrangement of workpieces, and preventing surface damage caused by displacement and collision of tilted workpieces.

[0011] Furthermore, a hinge is provided on the open side of the outer frame, and the open side of the outer frame is movably connected to the other two sides through a locking mechanism.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the combination of hinge and locking mechanism realizes efficient opening and closing of the door on one side of the outer frame: the hinge provides a stable rotation fulcrum, while the locking mechanism realizes rapid locking, so that the sealing operation before the tooling is transferred to the quenching tank can be completed within a few seconds, which greatly shortens the exposure time of high-temperature workpieces and reduces the risk of oxidation and decarburization. At the same time, the movable connection design of the locking mechanism has the ability to resist thermal deformation. When the outer frame is heated and undergoes slight deformation, the movable parts can adaptively adjust the locking position to avoid mechanical jamming or locking failure.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a connecting rod, a rotating shaft is provided on the left side of the connecting rod to fix one side to realize the circumferential rotation of the connecting rod, a slot is provided on one side of the connecting rod, and a locking block with an internal spring is provided on the other side of the outer frame. The locking block is locked onto the slot on the surface of the connecting rod by the extension and retraction of the internal pressure spring to fix one side of the outer frame.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the lever-type operation principle of the locking mechanism allows the operator to complete the locking with a small lever arm from a safe distance, avoiding the risk of burns from the high-temperature frame. The deformation-locking design of the spring-driven locking block and the slot provides adaptive locking force. Even if the frame experiences dimensional fluctuations due to thermal expansion and contraction, the spring pressure can still maintain an effective engagement depth to prevent accidental disengagement. At the same time, the mechanism has fail-safe protection characteristics: if a sudden external force impacts the connecting rod during quenching, the locking block can temporarily disengage from the slot by compressing the spring to release stress and prevent hard breakage of the mechanism. After the impact is eliminated, the spring automatically resets and locks.

[0015] Furthermore, both the support frame and the limiting plate are provided with mortises, and mounting holes are provided above the mortises. The downward movement of the support frame and the limiting plate is achieved by pressing the top plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the support frame with mortise and tenon and the limiting plate realize the modular height adjustment function. When pressing the top plate, the mortise and tenon are driven to move down through the mounting hole, and the limiting structure of each layer descends synchronously. It can adapt to the clamping requirements of workpieces of different lengths. Production batches can be quickly switched without changing tooling. At the same time, the mechanical cooperation between the mortise and tenon and the mounting hole forms multi-point distributed support, avoiding local overload caused by single-point pressure.

[0017] Furthermore, a spring is provided inside the mortise and tenon, so that the support frame and the limiting plate can be moved upward by pressing the mortise and tenon.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the mortise and tenon with built-in spring endows the support frame and limiting plate with bidirectional adaptive displacement capability: when pressed, the spring compresses to achieve downward positioning, and after releasing the pressure, the spring rebounds to drive the limiting structure to return to its initial height. This feature allows the tooling to automatically compensate for workpiece length tolerances, ensuring that each alloy steel piece is stably clamped in three directions, avoiding clamping looseness or skewness caused by dimensional fluctuations. At the same time, the elastic buffering effect of the spring can absorb the slight displacement caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the workpiece during the quenching stage.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has the following main advantages:

[0020] This invention, through its staggered structure and three-layer positioning plates, forces alloy steel workpieces to maintain an inclined or staggered arrangement, directly eliminating the problem of workpieces being tightly packed together. The uniform gaps formed between the workpieces ensure that hot air and radiant energy fully contact all surfaces, eliminating heating blind spots and achieving a uniform temperature field distribution. This fundamentally eliminates structural and performance defects caused by insufficient local heating, ensuring consistent heat treatment quality. Simultaneously, this structure enables three-dimensional multi-layer loading, significantly improving tooling space utilization. The vertically distributed workpiece groups increase the single-batch processing capacity under the same floor space conditions, directly improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1This is a frontal three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of A in the middle.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Heat treatment fixture; 2. Support frame; 3. Top plate; 4. Bottom plate; 5. Limiting plate; 6. Mortise and tenon; 7. Mounting hole; 8. Baffle; 9. Outer frame; 10. Hinge; 11. Engaging mechanism; 111. Rotating shaft; 112. Connecting rod; 113. Locking block; 114. Locking groove. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In this embodiment:

[0028] A heat treatment fixture for alloy steel, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the heat treatment fixture 1 includes a top plate 3 and a bottom plate 4 below the top plate 3. The bottom plate 4 is movably connected by a support frame 2. A limiting plate 5 is provided between the top plate 3 and the bottom plate 4. The top plate 3 and the bottom plate 4 are provided with round holes for engaging alloy steel, and the limiting plate 5 is also provided with round holes, forming an interlaced structure. A baffle 8 is provided below the bottom plate 4, and the baffle 8 is provided with several small square holes. This structure, through the interlaced design of the three layers of round holes of the top plate 3, the bottom plate 4 and the intermediate limiting plate 5, forces the alloy steel workpiece to form a non-vertical inclined or interlaced arrangement when inserted, completely avoiding the problem of uneven local heating caused by the close stacking of workpieces in traditional fixtures. The naturally formed gaps between workpieces significantly improve the permeability of hot airflow and the efficiency of radiative heat transfer, ensuring the uniformity of surface temperature during heat treatment and eliminating structural and performance defects caused by insufficient heating at the source. At the same time, the movable connection of the support frame 2 and the square holes of the baffle 8 work together to enhance the dynamic stability of the structure: the movable support frame can adapt to the positioning requirements of workpieces of different sizes, while the square holes of the baffle can not only constrain the displacement of the bottom end of the workpiece, but also provide an additional flow path for quenching oil, forming a multi-layer three-dimensional cooling channel. This composite design ensures high loading density while taking into account both sufficient heating and uniform cooling, significantly improving the consistency of heat treatment quality.

[0029] See Figure 1, Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 Furthermore, a gap is formed between the base plate 4 and the baffle 8, creating a buffer and drainage space. During the quenching stage, quenching oil is allowed to flow in at high speed and diffuse in multiple directions along the workpiece surface. This space can reduce the impact force of the oil flow, preventing deformation or cracking of the workpiece due to stress concentration caused by sudden cooling. At the same time, it promotes the efficient discharge of the oil-gas mixture, preventing gas film from adhering to the workpiece surface and causing soft spot defects. Meanwhile, the gap structure improves the adaptability to the thermal expansion of the tooling: when the base plate is heated and extended during heat treatment, the gap can absorb the deformation, avoiding structural deformation or stress cracking caused by limited material expansion, significantly extending the service life of the tooling. This design optimizes the flow efficiency of the quenching medium while providing redundant space for the tooling to resist thermal deformation, ensuring the geometric accuracy stability under long-term high-temperature conditions.

[0030] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 Furthermore, an outer frame 9 is provided on the outside of the heat treatment fixture 1, and one side of the outer frame 9 has an open structure. The open outer frame 9 design allows the heat treatment fixture 1 to slide in and out as a whole, simplifying the loading and unloading process and reducing the safety risks of high-temperature operation. As an independent load-bearing structure, the outer frame disperses all mechanical tension through a rigid skeleton during hoisting, preventing the fixture basket loaded with workpieces from plastic deformation or cracking due to direct force, especially protecting the weak connection parts after high-temperature softening. At the same time, the outer frame forms multi-directional constraints on the fixture, resisting the shaking caused by oil flow impact during the oil quenching stage, maintaining the orderly arrangement of workpieces, and preventing surface damage caused by displacement and collision of tilted workpieces. This structure separates the core function of the fixture from its mechanical load-bearing function, significantly improving system reliability and operational safety.

[0031] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 A hinge 10 is provided on the open side of the outer frame 9. The open side of the outer frame 9 is movably connected to the other two sides through a locking mechanism 11. The combination of the hinge 10 and the locking mechanism 11 realizes the efficient opening and closing of the door on one side of the outer frame: the hinge provides a stable rotation fulcrum, while the locking mechanism realizes rapid locking, so that the closing operation before the tooling is transferred to the quenching tank can be completed within a few seconds, which greatly shortens the exposure time of high-temperature workpieces and reduces the risk of oxidation and decarburization. At the same time, the movable connection design of the locking mechanism has the ability to resist thermal deformation. When the outer frame undergoes slight deformation due to heat, the movable parts can adaptively adjust the locking position to avoid mechanical jamming or locking failure, ensuring that the frame always remains closed during the quenching process. This dynamic locking mechanism maintains reliable locking under harsh thermal cycling conditions, providing continuous and stable external protection for the tooling.

[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The locking mechanism 11 includes a connecting rod 112. A rotating shaft 111 is provided on the left side of the connecting rod 112 to fix one side and enable the connecting rod 112 to rotate circumferentially. A slot 114 is provided on one side of the connecting rod 112, and a locking block 113 with an internal spring is provided on the other side of the outer frame 9. The locking block 113 is telescopically locked onto the slot 114 on the surface of the connecting rod 112 by an internal pressure spring, thereby fixing one side of the outer frame 9. The lever-type operation principle of the locking mechanism 11 allows the operator to lock the mechanism with a small lever arm from a safe distance, avoiding the risk of burns from the high-temperature frame. The deformation engagement design of the spring-driven locking block 113 and the slot 114 provides adaptive locking force. Even if the frame experiences dimensional fluctuations due to thermal expansion and contraction, the spring pressure can still maintain an effective engagement depth to prevent accidental disengagement. At the same time, the mechanism has fail-safe characteristics: if a sudden external force impacts the connecting rod during quenching, the locking block can temporarily disengage from the slot by compressing the spring to release stress and prevent hard breakage of the mechanism. After the impact is eliminated, the spring automatically resets and locks, maintaining the integrity of the system. This design integrates ease of operation, thermal deformation tolerance, and mechanical robustness, optimizing human-machine interaction safety.

[0033] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 Furthermore, both the support frame 2 and the limiting plate 5 are equipped with mortises 6, and mounting holes 7 are provided above the mortises 6. The support frame 2 and the limiting plate 5 move downward by pressing the top plate 3. The support frame 2 and the limiting plate 5 with mortises 6 realize modular height adjustment function. When the top plate 3 is pressed, the mortises are driven to move downward through the mounting holes 7, and the limiting structures of each layer descend synchronously. This can adapt to the clamping requirements of workpieces of different lengths, and production batches can be quickly switched without changing the tooling. At the same time, the mechanical cooperation between the mortises and the mounting holes forms multi-point distributed support, avoiding local overload caused by single-point pressure, and protecting the structural integrity of the tooling under frequent pressing operations. This design combines workpiece positioning accuracy with tooling reconfigurability, significantly improving the flexibility of the production line and shortening the tooling adjustment time.

[0034] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4Furthermore, a spring is installed inside the mortise 6. Pressing the mortise 6 moves the support frame 2 and the limiting plate 5 upwards. The spring inside the mortise 6 gives the support frame 2 and the limiting plate 5 a two-way adaptive displacement capability: when pressed, the spring compresses to achieve downward positioning; after releasing the pressure, the spring rebounds to drive the limiting structure back to its initial height. This feature allows the tooling to automatically compensate for workpiece length tolerances, ensuring that each alloy steel piece is stably clamped in three directions, avoiding clamping loosening or misalignment caused by dimensional fluctuations. At the same time, the elastic buffering effect of the spring can absorb the slight displacement caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the workpiece during the quenching stage, eliminating internal stress caused by rigid constraints. This protects the surface quality of the workpiece and reduces structural fatigue damage to the tooling. This two-way dynamic adjustment mechanism significantly improves the tooling's adaptability to fluctuations in working conditions and changes in part dimensions.

[0035] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: the alloy steel workpiece is inserted vertically into the round holes of the top plate 3, the limiting plate 5 and the bottom plate 4 in sequence, and the limiting plate 5 is provided below the bottom plate 4. The limiting plate 5 is provided with several square small holes, which can fully heat the alloy steel while stabilizing it. The workpiece is fixed by the three-layer structure. Because the round holes of the limiting plate 5 are staggered with the upper and lower layers, the workpiece is forced to be tilted or staggered to avoid sticking and stacking. After the heating is completed, the heat treatment fixture 1 is placed in the outer frame 9, and the opening and closing side is closed by the locking mechanism 11. Then the hook is fixed on the outer frame 9 to prevent the heat treatment fixture 1 from deforming due to tension after heating. Then quenching is performed.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, provided that such modifications, substitutions, and variations are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A heat treatment fixture for an alloy steel characterized by: The equipment includes a heat treatment fixture (1), which includes a top plate (3) and a bottom plate (4) below the top plate (3). The bottom plate (4) is movably connected by a support frame (2). A limiting plate (5) is provided between the top plate (3) and the bottom plate (4). The top plate (3) and the bottom plate (4) are provided with round holes for engaging alloy steel, and the limiting plate (5) is also provided with round holes, forming an interlaced structure. A baffle (8) is provided below the bottom plate (4), and the baffle (8) is provided with several square holes.

2. The heat treatment set-up of alloy steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein: A gap is formed between the base plate (4) and the baffle (8).

3. The heat treating fixture for alloy steel of claim 1, wherein: The heat treatment fixture (1) is provided with an outer frame (9) on the outside, and one side of the outer frame (9) has an open structure.

4. The heat treatment of alloy steel work package of claim 3, wherein: The outer frame (9) is provided with a hinge (10) on one open side, and the open side of the outer frame (9) is movably connected to the other two sides through a locking mechanism (11).

5. The heat treating fixture for alloy steel of claim 4, wherein: The locking mechanism (11) includes a connecting rod (112). A rotating shaft (111) is provided on the left side of the connecting rod (112) to fix one side and realize the circumferential rotation of the connecting rod (112). A slot (114) is provided on one side of the connecting rod (112). A locking block (113) with an internal spring is provided on the other side of the outer frame (9). The locking block (113) is locked onto the slot (114) on the surface of the connecting rod (112) by the extension and retraction of the internal pressure spring, thereby fixing one side of the outer frame (9).

6. The heat treating fixture for alloy steels of claim 1, wherein: Both the support frame (2) and the limiting plate (5) are provided with mortises (6), and an installation hole (7) is provided above the mortises (6). The support frame (2) and the limiting plate (5) can be moved downward by pressing the top plate (3).

7. The heat treating fixture for alloy steel of claim 6, wherein: The mortise (6) is equipped with a spring, and the support frame (2) and the limiting plate (5) can be moved upward by pressing the mortise (6).

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