Multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth master alloy electrolysis device. The device includes an electrolysis chamber, a feeding chamber, and x electrode pairs. Each electrode pair includes a cathode and an anode. At least a portion of the cathode and a portion of the anode are disposed within the electrolysis chamber without direct contact. The feeding chamber is laterally disposed on one side of the electrolysis chamber. The top region of the feeding chamber has an overflow port, which communicates with the electrolysis chamber. Electrolyte can flow from the feeding chamber into the electrolysis chamber via the overflow port, where x ≥ 1. This invention separates the feeding area from the electrolysis chamber, which utilizes gradient heating of the raw materials to reduce moisture carried by electrolyte splashing and to prevent refractory impurities from settling and being introduced into the electrolysis chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an apparatus for preparing magnesium rare earth intermediate alloys by molten salt electrolysis of incompletely dehydrated chloride raw materials, and particularly to a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis apparatus, belonging to the field of chloride high-temperature molten salt electrolysis technology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main method for preparing rare earth metals and magnesium-rare earth master alloys by molten salt electrolysis is the high-temperature electrolysis method using a chloride molten salt system. Most rare earth electrolysis plants still use electrolytic cells from Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth High-Tech Co., Ltd., whose cells are lined with integral cylindrical graphite anodes, with tungsten or molybdenum rods as cathodes. Therefore, the scale of this electrolytic cell is limited by the graphite size and electrode spacing, resulting in a small single-cell capacity (mainly 1000-3000A). Due to the cell shape limitations, the electrolytic cell is open, leading to easy heat loss. The intermittent discharge from the electrolytic cell also results in certain energy consumption.

[0003] Other newly designed rare earth electrolytic cells in recent years mainly focus on the electrolysis of oxide raw materials and have made improvements to address capacity issues. However, their designs are not suitable for electrolysis using rare earth chlorides as raw materials. For example, Baotou Ruixin Rare Earth Metal Materials Co., Ltd. designed an electrolytic cell with multiple anode and cathode configurations (CN103290434A). This cell facilitates increasing the capacity of a single cell, and the electrode spacing can be adjusted within a certain range. However, since both the anode and cathode are top-inserted, the electrolytic cell is generally operated in an open manner, resulting in some heat loss. Qinghai Beichen Technology Co., Ltd. has innovated in the electrolytic cell for the electrolysis of magnesium chloride and magnesium metal (CN102534663A). This electrolytic cell is a multi-polar electrolytic cell with a slag storage chamber at the bottom of the electrolysis chamber and a sealed cover on top of the electrolysis chamber. This device for producing magnesium metal from magnesium chloride does not require slag removal operations, greatly reducing labor intensity, improving the working environment, reducing the oxidation loss of liquid magnesium and the amount of magnesium oxide slag generated, and improving the single-cell capacity and electrolysis efficiency. However, due to the temperature requirements of the electrolysis system and the fact that the electrolysis products are floating, unlike the sinking product collection method of rare earth and rare earth magnesium alloy electrolysis, they cannot be directly introduced into the rare earth and rare earth magnesium alloy electrolysis.

[0004] The main problems with the electrolytic devices for preparing magnesium rare earth intermediate alloys by chloride electrolysis include the following aspects: (1) The electrolytic cell is generally configured with a single set of electrodes and has a small capacity; (2) The electrolytic cell is generally open-type, resulting in large heat loss; (3) The feeding area and the electrolysis area are shared, which makes it easy to lose raw materials and some refractory residues are easily mixed into the electrolytic products; (4) In the early stage, the anode of the large-capacity electrolytic cell was connected to the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic cell was prone to leakage at high temperature; (5) The electrolytic products of the single-electrode electrolytic cell are enriched at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, making continuous electrolysis difficult; (6) When hydrous chloride is used as raw material and directly fed into the electrolytic cell, it is easy to cause splashing, reduce the temperature of the electrolysis area, and generate slag. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model includes:

[0007] This utility model provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, which includes: an electrolysis chamber, a feeding chamber, and x electrode pairs. Each electrode pair includes a cathode and an anode. At least a portion of the cathode and a portion of the anode are disposed in the electrolysis chamber and are not in direct contact with the electrolysis chamber. The feeding chamber is arranged laterally on one side of the electrolysis chamber. The top region of the feeding chamber has an overflow port. The feeding chamber is connected to the electrolysis chamber through the overflow port. Electrolyte can enter the electrolysis chamber from the feeding chamber through the overflow port, where x ≥ 1.

[0008] Furthermore, a feeding port is provided at the top of the feeding chamber, and at least one baffle is also provided inside the feeding chamber. The baffle is arranged laterally between the feeding port and the overflow port of the feeding chamber. The baffle extends from the top wall of the feeding chamber along the longitudinal direction of the feeding chamber. The bottom end of the baffle is located between the overflow port and the bottom wall of the feeding chamber. At least one baffle configures the top area of ​​the feeding chamber into a meandering structure that allows electrolyte flow. A sedimentation zone is formed between the meandering structure and the bottom wall of the feeding chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the electrolysis chamber is a sealed chamber isolated from the outside world.

[0010] Furthermore, the feeding chamber is a sealed chamber isolated from the outside world.

[0011] In a typical implementation, the multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device includes: an electrolysis generating container, the interior of which has a partition, the partition dividing the internal chamber of the electrolysis generating container into the electrolysis chamber and the feeding chamber, and the overflow port is disposed on the partition, or the overflow port is the gap between the top of the partition and the top wall of the internal chamber of the electrolysis generating container.

[0012] Furthermore, the electrolysis generating container includes an electrolytic cell and a protective cover. The protective cover is sealed to the top of the electrolytic cell, the partition is disposed on the bottom wall of the electrolytic cell, the baffle is disposed on the protective cover, and the protective cover is provided with a sampling port and a monitoring port.

[0013] In another typical embodiment, the multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device includes: an electrolysis generating container and a feeding container, wherein the internal cavity of the electrolysis generating container serves as the electrolysis chamber, and the internal cavity of the feeding container serves as the feeding chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device also includes a heat source, which is thermally connected to the feeding container and is used to heat the electrolytic raw materials in the feeding chamber to form a molten electrolyte and to keep the electrolyte in a molten state.

[0015] Furthermore, the electrolysis generating container includes an electrolytic cell and a protective cover. The protective cover is sealed to the top of the electrolytic cell and is provided with a sampling port and a monitoring port.

[0016] Furthermore, the electrolytic cell body consists of a refractory layer, a seepage-proof layer, and a heat-insulating layer from the inside out, and the refractory layer, the seepage-proof layer, and the heat-insulating layer are all insulating structures.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner surface of the refractory layer of the electrolytic cell is also provided with a graphite layer or a ceramic layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the protective cover has a thermal insulation layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the protective cover also integrates a negative pressure generating mechanism, which is at least used to discharge the gas in the electrolysis chamber and create a negative pressure environment in the electrolysis chamber.

[0020] Furthermore, a product collection tank is also provided in the electrolysis chamber. The product collection tank is located in the bottom area of ​​the electrolysis chamber and is used to collect the electrolyzed products.

[0021] Furthermore, the product collection tank has a fire-resistant structural layer on its wall, or the product collection tank as a whole is a fire-resistant structure.

[0022] Furthermore, the electrolysis chamber has an electrolysis generation zone and a product collection zone arranged sequentially in a transverse direction. The electrode pair is disposed in the electrolysis generation zone, and the product collection tank is disposed in the product collection zone. The bottom wall corresponding to the electrolysis generation zone slopes downward from the electrolysis generation zone towards the product collection zone. The product collection tank is located at the end of the sloped bottom wall, and the opening of the product collection tank is flush with or below the end of the sloped bottom wall. The electrolyzed products formed in the electrolysis generation zone can be collected along the sloped bottom wall into the product collection tank under the action of gravity.

[0023] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the bottom wall corresponding to the electrolysis generation zone is 2°~10°.

[0024] Furthermore, the product collection tank is integrated with the electrolysis chamber, and the product collection tank is a trough-shaped structure disposed on the bottom wall of the electrolysis chamber.

[0025] Furthermore, the anode has a semi-open receiving cavity inside, into which the electrolyte in the electrolysis chamber can be immersed. At least a portion of the cathode is disposed inside the anode, and the cathode and the anode are not in direct contact.

[0026] Furthermore, the distance between the cathode and the anode in the electrode pair is 2cm to 8cm.

[0027] Furthermore, the portion of the anode immersed in the electrolyte is provided with a through-hole structure.

[0028] Furthermore, the perforated structure is provided on the sidewalls and bottom of the anode.

[0029] Furthermore, the anode is a cylindrical structure with open ends.

[0030] Furthermore, the anode is a graphite electrode.

[0031] Furthermore, the cathode is a tungsten rod or a molybdenum rod.

[0032] Furthermore, the axial directions of the cathode and the anode are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the electrolytic cell.

[0033] Furthermore, the bottom wall of the electrolysis chamber is provided with multiple insulating blocks, and the bottom of the anode is disposed on the insulating blocks.

[0034] Furthermore, the top of the cathode and the anode are provided with terminals for connecting to a power source.

[0035] Furthermore, the anode is entirely disposed inside the electrolysis chamber, and the anode is electrically connected to the anode busbar via a terminal. The anode busbar is disposed outside the electrolysis chamber and is used for electrical connection to a power source.

[0036] Furthermore, the cathode is electrically connected to a cathode bus via a terminal block, the cathode bus being disposed outside the electrolysis chamber, and the cathode bus being used for electrical connection to a power source.

[0037] Furthermore, x ≥ 2, x anodes are arranged in parallel, and x cathodes are arranged in parallel.

[0038] In a typical implementation, the multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device further includes: an anode lifting mechanism, which is driven by x anodes and is used to drive the anodes to move up and down along the depth of the electrolysis chamber.

[0039] In a typical implementation, the multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device further includes a cathode lifting mechanism, which is driven by x cathodes and used to drive the cathodes to move up and down along the depth of the electrolysis chamber.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model include:

[0041] This utility model provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, which mainly consists of an electrolysis zone (electrolysis chamber), a feeding zone (feeding chamber), and a product collection zone (product collection tank). By separating the collection zone from the electrolysis zone, the electrolyte flow in the collection zone is reduced, which can stabilize and concentrate the electrolysis products and effectively reduce the secondary reaction of the metal, thereby realizing continuous production. In addition, by separating the feeding zone from the electrolysis zone, the temperature of the feeding zone can be appropriately reduced, the risk of splashing of water-containing materials can be reduced, and refractory impurities can be appropriately settled, avoiding the problem of temperature reduction in the electrolysis zone caused by directly feeding materials into the electrolysis zone.

[0042] The present invention provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, which reduces energy loss and facilitates the discharge of electrolysis tail gas by setting up a heat-insulating protective cover, thus being more conducive to environmental protection and production environment maintenance.

[0043] The present invention provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, wherein the exhaust gas outlet is concentrated and appropriately moved backward, which can effectively reduce the energy loss in the exhaust gas absorption process.

[0044] This utility model provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device. Each electrode pair is self-contained, making it easy to maintain and expand in sections. In addition, the lower region of the anode has an opening to facilitate electrolyte flow. The electrolysis generation area heats up quickly and the flow field is more uniform.

[0045] This utility model provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, in which the cathode, anode and conductive busbar are all connected at the top, making the connection more stable, facilitating maintenance and preventing leakage of the electrolysis cell. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device provided in a typical embodiment of this utility model;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the anode structure in a typical embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0048] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventor of this case, through long-term research and extensive practice, has proposed the technical solution of this utility model. The following will further explain the technical solution, its implementation process and principle in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation examples. Unless otherwise specified, the cathode, anode, motor, power supply, heat source, etc. set in the embodiments of this utility model can all be obtained by commercial purchase or by processing with processes known in the art, and their specific dimensions, models, etc. are not limited here.

[0049] In a more typical implementation scheme, please refer to Figure 1 A multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device includes: an electrolysis generating container and x electrode pairs. The electrolysis generating container has an independent electrolysis chamber 11 and a feeding chamber 2. The top of the feeding chamber 2 is provided with a feeding port 3. The electrolysis chamber 11 and the feeding chamber 2 are arranged sequentially in the transverse direction and are controllably connected. The x electrode pairs are arranged in the electrolysis chamber 11. The electrolysis chamber 11 is used to contain electrolyte (electrolyte) and provide an environment for electrolysis. The feeding chamber 2 is used to replenish electrolyte into the electrolysis chamber 11. x ≥ 1.

[0050] Specifically, the bottom areas of the electrolysis chamber 11 and the feeding chamber 2 are isolated from each other, while their top areas are interconnected. It should be noted that the bottom and top areas are defined by the depth of the electrolysis generating vessel / electrolysis chamber 11 / feeding chamber 2, and the top area refers to the space near the top wall of the electrolysis chamber 11 / feeding chamber 2. Specifically, the top area between the electrolysis chamber 11 and the feeding chamber 2 has an overflow port, which connects the two chambers. Electrolyte can flow from the feeding chamber 2 into the electrolysis chamber 11 via the overflow port. Essentially, molten electrolyte is first injected into the feeding chamber 2, and after overflowing, it flows into the electrolysis chamber 11 through the overflow port. This design allows sufficient time for the electrolyte to settle after entering the feeding chamber 2, preventing insoluble impurities from entering the electrolysis chamber 11. Furthermore, the temperature of the electrolyte in the feeding chamber 2 is lower than that in the electrolysis chamber 11. This lower feeding temperature relative to the electrolysis zone reduces the splashing of water-containing materials. Generally, the temperature of the electrolyte in the feeding chamber 2 is 400~700℃.

[0051] Specifically, in order to further reduce the splashing problem caused by the addition of water-containing materials in the feeding chamber 2, and to further reduce the content of insoluble impurities in the electrolyte entering the electrolysis chamber 11, at least one baffle is provided on the top wall of the feeding chamber 2. The baffle is arranged transversely between the feeding port 3 and the overflow port of the feeding chamber 2. The baffle extends from the top wall of the feeding chamber 2 along the longitudinal direction of the feeding chamber 2. The bottom end of the baffle is located between the overflow port and the bottom wall of the feeding chamber 2. At least one baffle configures the top area of ​​the feeding chamber 2 into a meandering structure that allows electrolyte flow. The meandering structure and the bottom wall of the feeding chamber 2 form a sedimentation zone 4. It can be understood that the baffle separates the top space between the feeding port 3 and the overflow port, preventing the electrolyte from flowing directly from the feeding port 3 to the overflow port, extending the electrolyte flow path, and reducing the flow rate of electrolyte replenished from the outside, thereby allowing the insoluble impurities in the electrolyte to settle fully in the feeding chamber 2.

[0052] Specifically, the electrolysis generating container has internal partitions that divide the internal chambers into horizontally independent electrolysis chambers 11 and feeding chambers 2. An overflow port is located at the top of the partition, or the overflow port is the gap between the top surface of the partition and the top wall of the internal chamber of the electrolysis generating container. Specifically, the baffles and partitions are spaced apart and parallel, and the baffles, partitions, and electrolysis generating container are of equal width.

[0053] It should be noted that the electrolysis chamber 11 is the main functional area, and its volume is the same as that of the feeding chamber 2. For example, the width of the feeding chamber 2 is 10cm to 50cm.

[0054] As a specific implementation scheme, the electrolysis generating container includes an electrolytic cell 1 and a protective cover 5. The protective cover 5 is sealed and closed on the top of the electrolytic cell 1. A partition is set inside the electrolytic cell 1, and the partition is sealed and fitted with the cell wall of the electrolytic cell 1. The electrolytic cell 1, the protective cover 5, and the partition together form an electrolysis chamber 11 and a feeding chamber 2 that are isolated from the outside. The gap between the top of the partition and the protective cover 5 serves as an overflow port. A baffle is fixedly set on the protective cover 5, and the side of the baffle is sealed and fitted with the cell wall of the electrolytic cell 1, or some gaps are left.

[0055] Specifically, the electrolytic cell 1 consists of a refractory layer, a seepage-proof layer, and a thermal insulation layer from the inside out. All three layers are composed of refractory, thermal insulation, and insulating materials. More specifically, the inner surface of the refractory layer of the electrolytic cell 1 is further provided with a graphite layer or a ceramic layer. For example, the electrolytic cell 1 is constructed using high-temperature refractory bricks, or the bottom of the electrolytic cell 1 is a high-temperature ceramic plate, the side walls are high-temperature refractory bricks, and the inner lining is a graphite plate.

[0056] Specifically, the protective cover 5 is equipped with sampling ports and monitoring ports, and is also connected to a flue gas collection device. Specifically, the protective cover 5 has a thermal insulation layer to reduce heat loss. Specifically, the protective cover 5 includes a main structure and a thermal insulation layer wrapped around the surface of the main structure. The main structure can be an iron component, a corrosion-resistant metal, or an alloy component, etc. More specifically, the protective cover 5 also integrates a negative pressure generating mechanism. This mechanism is used at least to exhaust the gas in the electrolysis chamber 11 and create a negative pressure environment within the electrolysis chamber 11, which not only facilitates the discharge of electrolysis tail gas but also reduces raw material loss.

[0057] Specifically, the electrolysis chamber 11 is also equipped with a product collection tank, which is located at the bottom of the electrolysis chamber 11 and is used to collect electrolyzed products. Specifically, the product collection tank can be located at the end of the electrolysis chamber 11 opposite to the feeding chamber 2. The tank wall is provided with a refractory structural layer, or the entire product collection tank is a refractory structure. More specifically, the exterior of the product collection tank is constructed of refractory materials, insulation materials, etc., and may also be lined with graphite plates or ceramic plates. For example, the width of the product collection tank is 10 cm to 50 cm, and the depth is 10 cm to 50 cm.

[0058] Specifically, the electrolysis chamber 11 has an electrolysis generation zone and a product collection zone arranged sequentially along the transverse direction. Electrode pairs are disposed in the electrolysis generation zone, and a product collection tank is disposed in the product collection zone. The bottom wall corresponding to the electrolysis generation zone slopes downwards from the electrolysis generation zone towards the product collection zone. The product collection tank is located at the end of the sloped bottom wall, with its opening flush with or below the end of the sloped bottom wall. The electrolytic products formed in the electrolysis generation zone can collect along the sloped bottom wall into the product collection tank under gravity. By setting the inclined slope structure, the electrolytic products can be collected in a timely manner, and secondary metal remelting can be prevented. Specifically, the inclination angle of the bottom wall corresponding to the electrolysis generation zone is 2°~10°. Alternatively, the product collection tank can be integrated with the electrolysis chamber 11, and the product collection tank is a trough-shaped structure disposed on the bottom wall of the electrolysis chamber 11.

[0059] Please refer to the following for details. Figure 1 Union Figure 2Each electrode pair includes a cathode 6 and an anode 9. The anode 9 has an electrolysis generating chamber inside, which is located within an electrolysis chamber 11. The electrolyte in the electrolysis chamber 11 can be immersed in the receiving chamber. At least a portion of each cathode 6 is correspondingly disposed within the electrolysis generating chamber of an anode 9. The cathode 6, anode 9, and electrolysis chamber 11 are not in direct contact. Specifically, the anode 9 is a cylindrical structure open at both ends, and the cathode 6 is coaxially disposed inside the anode. For example, the distance between the cathode 6 and anode 9 in the electrode pair is 2cm to 8cm. To facilitate the immersion of the electrolyte into the receiving chamber inside the anode 9, and to allow the electrolytic product formed by electrolysis to be discharged through the perforated structure on the anode 9, the perforated structure is disposed on the sidewall and bottom of the anode 9. For example, the perforated structure can be circular or square holes. The anode 9 can be a graphite electrode, and the cathode 6 can be a tungsten rod or a molybdenum rod. As a preferred embodiment, the axial direction of the cathode 6 and anode 9 is parallel to the depth direction of the electrolytic cell.

[0060] Specifically, the bottom wall of the electrolysis chamber 11 is also provided with multiple insulating blocks 10, and the bottom of the anode 9 is set on the insulating block 10, so that the anode 9 is electrically isolated from the electrolysis chamber 11.

[0061] Specifically, the tops of the cathode 6 and anode 9 are provided with terminals for connecting to a power source. The anode 9 is completely located inside the electrolysis chamber 11, or the tops of the cathode 6 and anode 9 protrude from the protective cover 5. The anode 9 is electrically connected to the anode conductive bus 8 via the terminals. The anode conductive bus 8 is located outside the electrolysis chamber 11 and is used for electrical connection to a power source. The cathode is electrically connected to the cathode conductive bus 7 via the terminals. The cathode conductive bus 7 is located outside the electrolysis chamber 11 and is used for electrical connection to a power source. When x ≥ 2, x anodes 9 are connected in parallel, and x cathodes 6 are connected in parallel.

[0062] Specifically, the multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device also includes: an anode lifting mechanism and a cathode lifting mechanism. The anode lifting mechanism is driven and cooperates with x anodes and is used to drive the anodes 9 to move up and down along the depth direction of the electrolysis chamber 11. The cathode lifting mechanism is driven and cooperates with x cathodes 6 and is used to drive the cathodes 6 to move up and down along the depth direction of the electrolysis chamber 11. By driving the anodes and cathodes to generate relative movement along their own axial direction, the effective working area between the anodes and cathodes can be changed.

[0063] It should be noted that the above describes the case where the electrolysis chamber and the feeding chamber are integrated in the same electrolysis generating container. As mentioned above, the electrolysis chamber can be located in the electrolysis generating container, and the feeding chamber can be located in a separate feeding container. This solution will not be elaborated on here.

[0064] The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth master alloy electrolysis device in this embodiment of the invention employs a multi-cathode configuration with parallel anode and cathode arrangements. The anode is cylindrical (made of graphite), and the cathode is rod-shaped (made of tungsten or molybdenum). This design satisfies the requirements of low anode current density and high cathode current density during the electrolysis of magnesium rare earth master alloys. Furthermore, both the anode and cathode are connected to the top, allowing for simultaneous electrolysis and alloy collection. This facilitates the sealing of the electrolysis chamber, prevents leakage, and enables continuous operation.

[0065] In this embodiment of the utility model, the multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device uses a bottomless cylindrical anode, which facilitates the alloy entering the product collection tank from the bottom of the anode, reduces secondary metal reactions, and improves current efficiency.

[0066] The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device in this embodiment of the invention separates the feeding zone from the electrolysis zone. This utilizes the gradient heating of the raw materials to reduce the amount of moisture carried by the electrolyte due to splashing, while also preventing refractory impurities from settling and being introduced into the electrolysis chamber. Furthermore, this invention employs a closed structure for the electrolysis chamber and the feeding chamber. By introducing a protective cover, it effectively solves the problems of tail gas collection and heat loss from open electrolysis cells, while also facilitating the emission of chlorine gas from anode electrolysis.

[0067] In this embodiment of the multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, the cathodes are concentrated on a single cathode lifting device. This allows for easy adjustment of the cathode height to control the contact area between the anode and cathode, thereby controlling the cell voltage and temperature. During electrolysis production, the current can be kept constant, which is also beneficial for increasing the capacity of the electrolysis cell and improving the single-cell capacity and labor productivity.

[0068] The following will provide further explanation of the technical solution, its implementation process, and its principles, using specific implementation cases as examples.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device in this embodiment has two electrode pairs, and the capacity of the electrolytic cell is 2500-5000 A. The anode is a graphite barrel, and the cathode is a tungsten rod. The two cathodes are connected in parallel to the conductive busbar of the cathode lifting device, and the two anodes are stacked side by side on a conductive graphite plate. A product collection tank with a depth of 15 cm and a width of 15 cm is built at one end of the bottom of the electrolytic cell. The innermost side of the electrolytic cell is built with a seepage-proof layer (high-density refractory bricks), and insulation bricks are built below the seepage-proof layer. The outer side of the electrolytic cell is built with rectangular insulation bricks, and the inner side is built with rectangular refractory bricks. The top of the electrolytic cell is covered with a protective cover made of 304 stainless steel plate and refractory insulation material to prevent heat loss, and the tail gas outlet on the protective cover is directly connected to the tail gas absorption system to treat the harmful gases generated during electrolysis. The sampling port is located above the sample collection tank, and there are two feeding ports. The feeding point is located in the protective cover area corresponding to the feeding chamber.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device in this embodiment has three electrode pairs, and the capacity of the electrolytic cell is 4000-8000 A. The anode is graphite, and the cathode is a molybdenum rod. The three cathodes are connected in parallel to the conductive busbar of the cathode lifting device, and the three anodes are stacked side by side on the conductive graphite plate. A product collection trough 20 cm deep and 15 cm wide is built at one end of the bottom of the electrolytic cell. The innermost side of the electrolytic cell is built with a seepage-proof layer (high-density refractory bricks), and insulation bricks are built below the seepage-proof layer. The outer side of the electrolytic cell is built with rectangular insulation bricks, and the inner side is built with rectangular refractory bricks. The top of the electrolytic cell is covered with a protective cover made of 304 stainless steel plate and refractory insulation material to prevent heat loss. The exhaust gas outlet of the protective cover is directly connected to the exhaust gas absorption system to treat the harmful gases generated during electrolysis. The feeding points are located on the protective cover, and there are four feeding ports, which correspond to the feeding chamber.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device in this embodiment has four electrode pairs, and the capacity of the electrolytic cell is 6000-10000 A. The anode is graphite, and the cathode is a molybdenum rod. The four cathodes are connected in parallel to the conductive busbar of the cathode lifting device, and the four anodes are stacked side by side on the conductive graphite plate. A product collection tank with a depth of 20 cm and a width of 20 cm is built at one end of the bottom of the electrolytic cell. The innermost side of the electrolytic cell is built with a seepage-proof layer (high-density refractory bricks), and insulation bricks are built below the seepage-proof layer. Rectangular insulation bricks are built on the outside of the electrolytic cell, and rectangular refractory bricks are built on the inside. The top of the electrolytic cell is covered with a protective cover made of 304 stainless steel plate and refractory insulation material to prevent heat loss. The exhaust gas outlet of the protective cover is directly connected to the exhaust gas absorption system to treat the harmful gases generated during electrolysis. The feeding point is located on the protective cover, and the sampling port is located above the sample collection tank. There are four feeding ports, and the feeding points correspond to the feeding chamber.

[0075] This utility model provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, which mainly consists of an electrolysis zone (electrolysis chamber), a feeding zone (feeding chamber), and a product collection zone (product collection tank). By separating the collection zone from the electrolysis zone, the electrolyte flow in the collection zone is reduced, which can stabilize and concentrate the electrolysis products and effectively reduce the secondary reaction of the metal, thereby realizing continuous production. In addition, by separating the feeding zone from the electrolysis zone, the temperature of the feeding zone can be appropriately reduced, the risk of splashing of water-containing materials can be reduced, and refractory impurities can be appropriately settled, avoiding the problem of temperature reduction in the electrolysis zone caused by directly feeding materials into the electrolysis zone.

[0076] The present invention provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, which reduces energy loss and facilitates the discharge of electrolysis tail gas by setting up a heat-insulating protective cover, thus being more conducive to environmental protection and production environment maintenance.

[0077] The present invention provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, wherein the exhaust gas outlet is concentrated and appropriately moved backward, which can effectively reduce the energy loss in the exhaust gas absorption process.

[0078] This utility model provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device. Each electrode pair is self-contained, making it easy to maintain and expand in sections. In addition, the lower region of the anode has an opening to facilitate electrolyte flow. The electrolysis generation area heats up quickly and the flow field is more uniform.

[0079] This utility model provides a multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, in which the cathode, anode and conductive busbar are all connected at the top, making the connection more stable, facilitating maintenance and preventing leakage of the electrolysis cell.

[0080] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device, characterized by, include: An electrolysis chamber, a feeding chamber, and x electrode pairs, each electrode pair including a cathode and an anode, wherein at least a portion of the cathode and a portion of the anode are disposed within the electrolysis chamber and are not in direct contact with the electrolysis chamber. The feeding chamber is laterally disposed on one side of the electrolysis chamber, and the top region of the feeding chamber has an overflow port. The feeding chamber is connected to the electrolysis chamber through the overflow port, and electrolyte can flow from the feeding chamber into the electrolysis chamber through the overflow port, where x ≥ 1.

2. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the feeding chamber is provided with a feeding port, and the interior of the feeding chamber is also provided with at least one baffle. The baffle is arranged laterally between the feeding port and the overflow port of the feeding chamber. The baffle extends from the top wall of the feeding chamber along the depth direction of the feeding chamber. The bottom end of the baffle is located between the overflow port and the bottom wall of the feeding chamber. At least one baffle configures the top area of ​​the feeding chamber into a meandering structure that allows electrolyte flow. The meandering structure and the bottom wall of the feeding chamber form a sedimentation zone.

3. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The electrolysis chamber is a sealed chamber isolated from the outside world; and / or the feeding chamber is a sealed chamber isolated from the outside world.

4. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 2, wherein include: An electrolysis generating container has an internal partition that divides the internal chamber of the electrolysis generating container into an electrolysis chamber and a feeding chamber. An overflow port is disposed on the partition, or the overflow port is the gap between the top of the partition and the top wall of the internal chamber of the electrolysis generating container.

5. The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth master alloy electrolysis device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electrolysis generating container includes an electrolytic cell and a protective cover. The protective cover seals the top of the electrolytic cell. The partition is disposed on the bottom wall of the electrolytic cell. The baffle is disposed on the protective cover. The protective cover is provided with a sampling port and a monitoring port.

6. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device includes an electrolysis generating container and a feeding container, wherein the internal cavity of the electrolysis generating container serves as the electrolysis chamber, and the internal cavity of the feeding container serves as the feeding chamber.

7. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device also includes a heat source, which is thermally connected to the feeding container and is used to heat the electrolytic raw materials in the feeding chamber to form a molten electrolyte and to keep the electrolyte in a molten state.

8. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrolysis generating container includes an electrolytic cell and a protective cover. The protective cover is sealed to the top of the electrolytic cell and has a sampling port and a monitoring port.

9. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell consists of a refractory layer, a seepage-proof layer, and a heat insulation layer from the inside out. The refractory layer, the seepage-proof layer, and the heat insulation layer are all insulating structures.

10. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner surface of the refractory layer of the electrolytic cell is also provided with a graphite layer or a ceramic layer.

11. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The protective cover has a heat insulation layer.

12. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The protective cover also integrates a negative pressure generating mechanism, which is at least used to discharge the gas in the electrolysis chamber and create a negative pressure environment in the electrolysis chamber.

13. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, characterized in that: The electrolysis chamber is also equipped with a product collection tank, which is located in the bottom area of ​​the electrolysis chamber and is used to collect electrolyzed products.

14. The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth master alloy electrolysis apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that: The product collection tank has a fire-resistant structural layer on its wall, or the product collection tank as a whole is a fire-resistant structure.

15. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that: The electrolysis chamber has an electrolysis generating zone and a product collection zone arranged sequentially in a transverse direction. The electrode pair is arranged in the electrolysis generating zone, and the product collection tank is arranged in the product collection zone. The bottom wall corresponding to the electrolysis generating zone slopes downward from the electrolysis generating zone towards the product collection zone. The product collection tank is located at the end of the sloped bottom wall, and the opening of the product collection tank is flush with or below the end of the sloped bottom wall. The electrolyzed products formed in the electrolysis generating zone can be collected along the sloped bottom wall into the product collection tank under the action of gravity.

16. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the bottom wall corresponding to the electrolysis generation zone is 2°~10°.

17. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that: The product collection tank is integrated with the electrolysis chamber, and the product collection tank is a trough-shaped structure set on the bottom wall of the electrolysis chamber.

18. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode has a semi-open containment cavity inside, into which the electrolyte in the electrolysis chamber can be immersed. At least a portion of the cathode is disposed inside the anode, and the cathode and the anode are not in direct contact.

19. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that: The distance between the cathode and the anode in the electrode pair is 2cm to 8cm.

20. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 18, wherein: The portion of the anode immersed in the electrolyte also has a through-hole structure.

21. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 20, wherein: The perforated structure is provided on the sidewalls and bottom of the anode.

22. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 18, wherein: The anode is a cylindrical structure with open ends.

23. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 18, wherein: The anode is a graphite electrode.

24. The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that: The cathode is a tungsten rod or a molybdenum rod.

25. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus of claim 18, wherein: The axial direction of the cathode and the anode is parallel to the depth direction of the electrolytic cell.

26. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus of claim 18, wherein: The bottom wall of the electrolysis chamber is also provided with multiple insulating blocks, and the bottom of the anode is disposed on the insulating blocks.

27. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The top of the cathode and the anode are provided with terminals for connecting to a power source.

28. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 27, wherein: The anode is completely disposed inside the electrolysis chamber. The anode is electrically connected to the anode busbar via a terminal. The anode busbar is disposed outside the electrolysis chamber and is used for electrical connection to a power source.

29. The multi-electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus according to claim 28, wherein: The cathode is electrically connected to the cathode bus via a terminal block. The cathode bus is located outside the electrolysis chamber and is used for electrical connection to a power source.

30. The multiple electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus of claim 27 wherein: x≥2, x anodes are arranged in parallel, and x cathodes are arranged in parallel.

31. The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 or 27, characterized in that, Also includes: An anode lifting mechanism is provided, which is in cooperation with x anodes and is used to drive the anodes to move up and down along the depth of the electrolysis chamber.

32. The multiple electrode magnesium-rare earth intermediate alloy electrolytic apparatus of claim 31 wherein: The multi-electrode magnesium rare earth intermediate alloy electrolysis device further includes: a cathode lifting mechanism, which is driven by x cathodes and is used to drive the cathodes to move up and down along the depth direction of the electrolysis chamber.

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