A precast long pile driving machine for tidal flats

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of static pile driving equipment technology, and discloses a tidal flat pile driving machine for precast long piles, which includes an excavator carrier and an integrated pile clamping and driving device. The excavator carrier includes an excavator and a support boom, and the integrated pile clamping and driving device is hinged to the front end of the support boom. The integrated pile clamping and driving device includes a telescopic and pile-grabbing mechanism and a pile-driving mechanism. The telescopic and pile-grabbing mechanism is used to clamp the middle section of the precast long pile and rotate the precast long pile from a horizontal state in the air to a vertical state. The pile-driving mechanism is used to drive the precast long pile into the soft mud foundation. This utility model greatly simplifies the structural design of the pile driving machine. The excavator carrier and the integrated pile clamping and driving device work together to independently complete each operation step of the precast long pile. It has the advantages of high construction efficiency, accurate pile verticality, stable equipment, and low overall cost, and can effectively solve the pile driving problem in photovoltaic power generation projects on soft mud foundations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of static pile driving equipment technology, and in particular to a tidal flat pile driving machine for precast long piles. Background Technology

[0002] The implementation of "photovoltaic + tidal flat" projects using existing technologies faces numerous technical challenges. In current technologies, different pile-driving equipment is used for land and tidal flats, making them incompatible. Particular difficulties arise in the pile-driving of precast long piles in soft mud foundations such as swamps, shallow water areas, and coastal tidal flats. This typically requires the use of pile-driving vessels, cranes, pile frames, and other auxiliary equipment, resulting in numerous pieces of equipment, complex pile-driving processes, and high overall costs. Taking coastal tidal flats as an example, at least three technical challenges must be overcome simultaneously during the pile foundation construction of "photovoltaic + tidal flat" projects: First, the harsh natural environment and poor site conditions, coupled with the daily ebb and flow of tides, cause the tidal flat surface to be in a state of constant wet and dry alternation. The soil is loose and fluid, with low bearing capacity. Furthermore, the complex and varied terrain of the tidal flats, with its uneven surface and numerous pits and waterlogged areas, necessitates precise control of the pile-driving process (especially verticality and horizontal displacement) and the top elevation of each pipe pile. Simultaneously, precast cement piles with a single length of over 25 meters are required for pile foundation construction to form a stable and reliable support foundation, meeting engineering requirements such as horizontal force control of pile top displacement and pull-out force. Secondly, existing photovoltaic pile foundation construction equipment in tidal flat areas has poor adaptability. Most existing tidal flat pile foundation construction uses water-based pile driving vessels for hammering (CN115538435A). However, for construction sites on land or in shallow wetland areas, water-based pile driving vessels are difficult to move. Therefore, CN215165551U has also emerged as a solution. The publicly disclosed fully hydraulic intelligent amphibious self-propelled multi-functional pile driver can only perform pile driving operations and cannot independently perform other operations such as pile lifting and verticality control. It requires the simultaneous deployment of other auxiliary equipment such as cranes and pile frames, resulting in poor environmental adaptability and its inability to be applied to pile driving construction on soft mud foundations, leading to low equipment utilization. Thirdly, the adaptability and reliability of the construction methods are poor, resulting in unstable construction quality. Conventional pile driving equipment and methods, which rely on conventional precast cement piles (the length of a single precast cement pile is typically 2 to 15 meters), struggle to reliably control the horizontal displacement, verticality, and pile top elevation of long piles (20 meters or more), while ensuring the safety of the long piles themselves during construction (preventing breakage, deformation, etc.). CN117845918A discloses a photovoltaic pile foundation construction method for tidal flat areas, introducing some technical difficulties and solutions; however, it also fails to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0003] In the existing pile driving equipment mentioned above, the carrier often has only one function and cannot move amphibiously on land, in shallow water, or on tidal flats, requiring the deployment of auxiliary equipment such as cranes. None of them can provide a fast and effective multi-level adjustment mechanism for controlling the horizontal displacement or verticality of the pile. When using cranes to lift and adjust the angle of long piles, there is a lack of protective measures for the precast long piles. Under the combined action of its own weight and vibration, the middle part of the pile is subjected to excessive stress and is prone to breakage or deformation, resulting in material waste and construction delays. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a novel amphibious long pile driving machine. Through structural improvements, this machine utilizes an excavator-mounted vehicle capable of independent amphibious movement and multiple functions, eliminating the need for additional auxiliary equipment such as cranes. It is a multi-purpose machine capable of completing multiple steps of operation with a single unit. It allows for flexible control of pile displacement and angle during the driving process, effectively overcoming various shortcomings of traditional driving methods and machines in the driving of precast long piles on soft mud foundations such as land, swamps, shallow water areas, and coastal mudflats. This significantly simplifies the construction process and the machine itself, substantially improving the efficiency and quality of driving operations, reducing construction costs, and enhancing the adaptability and stability of the equipment in environments such as mudflats. It provides reliable technical support for the smooth implementation of photovoltaic power generation projects in land, shallow water areas, and mudflats.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A precast long pile driving machine for tidal flats includes an excavator carrier and an integrated pile clamping and driving device.

[0007] The excavator carrier includes an excavator, a support boom, and a pile clamping and driving device hinged to the front end of the support boom.

[0008] The aforementioned integrated pile clamping and driving device includes: a pile driving mechanism, a telescopic and pile gripping mechanism, and an auxiliary stabilizing mechanism;

[0009] The telescopic and pile-grabbing mechanism is used to clamp the middle section of the precast long pile and rotate the precast long pile from a horizontal state in the air to a vertical state.

[0010] The pile driving mechanism is used to drive precast long piles into the soft mud foundation.

[0011] The excavator is an amphibious tracked excavator with an internal hydraulic power unit that provides power to multiple hydraulic cylinders on the integrated pile clamping and driving device.

[0012] The precast long piles refer to precast piles with a single length greater than 20 meters, especially including ultra-long precast piles with a single length exceeding 25 meters, such as bamboo-joint piles or ordinary smooth concrete precast pipe piles.

[0013] The precast long pile tidal flat pile driving machine, based on an excavator, can independently travel into the soft mud foundation construction site on land or coastal mudflats. Then, using the mid-section gripping pile method, it independently completes the pile foundation construction steps of lifting, moving, aligning, and driving the precast long pile. During the lifting, moving, aligning, and driving operations, the mid-section of the precast long pile is clamped on the integrated pile clamping and driving device. The supporting boom and the integrated pile clamping and driving device work together to move the precast long pile from the lifting position to the driving position, and then rotate it from a horizontal state to a vertical state to drive the pile. This completes the pile driving construction operation on soft mud foundations on land or coast without the need to deploy other auxiliary equipment such as pile driving boats, cranes, and pile frames.

[0014] During static pile driving, the excavator and support boom provide support and power to the suspended pile clamping and driving device and the precast long pile. According to the needs of the pile driving operation, the relative position and angle of the pile clamping and driving device and the precast long pile are dynamically adjusted during the pile driving construction. At the pile driving position, the excavator and support boom cooperate with the action of the pile clamping and driving device to complete the pile driving, pressing the precast long pile C into the foundation, and adjusting the horizontal displacement, verticality and pile top elevation of the precast long pile during the pile driving process.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] 1. Significantly simplified pile driving equipment structure: This utility model significantly simplifies and improves the pile driving equipment and process, enabling them to work together. The excavator can move independently on both amphibious terrain and has multiple functions, eliminating the need for additional cranes, pile frames, or other auxiliary equipment. A single machine can complete multiple steps involved in on-site construction. It can move freely on the construction site and flexibly control the displacement and angle of the precast long piles during the pile driving process. This effectively overcomes the traditional pile driving methods and the need for different construction equipment and processes in soft mud foundations such as land, swamps, shallow water areas, and coastal mudflats. This multi-functional machine significantly reduces the number of equipment on the construction site, significantly improves the efficiency and quality of pile driving operations, reduces overall construction costs, and enhances the adaptability and stability of the process and equipment in amphibious environments. It provides reliable technical support for the smooth implementation of photovoltaic power generation projects in land, shallow water areas, and mudflats.

[0017] 2. Suitable for precast long pile driving construction: Addressing the shortcomings of existing processes and equipment in precast long pile driving construction, this invention improves construction equipment and processes through coordinated upgrades. The primary control of the excavator and its supporting boom is combined with the secondary control of the integrated pile clamping and driving device, achieving greater spatial freedom. This allows for the independent movement of the precast long pile from the starting position to the driving position in mid-air, followed by rotation from a horizontal to a vertical position before driving. The driving angle and pile top elevation are stably controlled during the process. This process requires no other auxiliary equipment, providing ample space for each step, enabling efficient, rapid, and independent completion of all stages of the driving construction.

[0018] 3. Improved Construction Efficiency: The tidal flat pile driver provided by this utility model can move independently on both amphibious sides at the construction site and can provide support, control, and power for the integrated pile clamping and driving device. During construction, with the help of the independent movement and power system of the tracked excavator and the PLC controller, it can control each hydraulic cylinder to sequentially complete the pile clamping, pile lifting, pile body rotation, verticality adjustment, and pile driving, and control the final elevation. This pile driver effectively solves the traditional tidal flat pile driving problem and has the advantages of high construction efficiency, accurate pile verticality, and stable equipment. It is particularly suitable for photovoltaic power generation projects on soft mud foundations such as land, wetlands, and coastal tidal flats, providing reliable technical support for related engineering construction. Meanwhile, through close coordination between the pile driving equipment and the pile driving process, each operation link is closely connected and efficiently coordinated. Through the reasonable configuration and coordinated operation of the support boom and three hydraulic cylinders, a unique method of grasping, lifting, moving and driving piles can be implemented, which greatly shortens the time of single pile driving operation (single pile position), thereby effectively improving the construction efficiency of the entire project's pile driving operation and accelerating the construction progress of the photovoltaic power generation project.

[0019] 4. Improved Construction Quality and Safety: This invention effectively avoids the breakage of precast long piles during hoisting by grasping the middle section of the pile and using a steel wire rope-assisted lifting method, ensuring the integrity and structural strength of the pile. Simultaneously, by incorporating a PLC controller and high-precision sensors, the support boom and three hydraulic cylinders jointly provide multi-level precise control over the verticality of the pile during driving, allowing for multi-level fine-tuning. This keeps the verticality error of the pile driving into the foundation within a small range, improving construction quality.

[0020] 5. Enhanced Environmental Adaptability: Based on the design of a tracked excavator, this tidal flat pile driver possesses excellent independent mobility and maneuverability in complex terrains such as land, wetlands, and tidal flats. It can quickly adapt to the pile driving location requirements of different sites and can be used on any soft mud foundation, significantly improving the equipment's environmental adaptability and utilization rate. The amphibious pile driver has a compact overall structure and strong stability. By appropriately improving the support of the tracks on the soft mud foundation through other methods (such as pre-laying some timber or boards), the pile driver can expand its independent travel area. This effectively overcomes the limitations of existing technologies that can only use pile driving boats to cope with the harsh environments of wetlands (shallow ponds) and tidal flats due to their softness and tidal fluctuations, greatly broadening the equipment's application range.

[0021] 6. Reduced Construction Costs: This utility model combines a tracked excavator with a mid-section clamp for pile gripping and dual hydraulic cylinders for graded depth control, significantly reducing the need for auxiliary equipment such as cranes and pile frames. It offers multiple uses in one machine. Furthermore, the linkage between the amphibious excavator and the integrated pile clamping and pressing device, along with a specially designed clamp to grip the middle of the pile and a steel wire rope to hook the pile end, provides support points for the precast long piles from multiple points, reducing pile breakage. Suspended hoisting and rotating of long piles also saves time on adjusting the verticality of the hoist. No additional auxiliary equipment or prior site leveling is required, increasing project construction efficiency by approximately 40% and reducing pile breakage rate by over 95%. Therefore, it significantly reduces equipment costs, material waste, and labor costs, lowering the overall project cost. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional external structure of the tidal flat pile driver according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the tidal flat pile driver in the working state of this utility model embodiment (pile body vertical state).

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional shape of the tidal flat pile driver in the working state of this utility model embodiment (pile body vertical state).

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the integrated pile clamping and pile driving device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the integrated pile clamping and pile driving device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bracket in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 7This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamp in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] A. Excavator carrier; B. Pile clamping and driving integrated device; C. Precast long pile;

[0031] 1. Support boom hinge; 2. Turntable; 3. Bracket; 301. Slot; 302. Through hole; 4. Telescopic boom; 5. First hydraulic cylinder; 6. Second hydraulic cylinder; 7. Third hydraulic cylinder; 8. Clamp; 9. Pulley; 10. Wire rope; 11. Pulley seat; 12. Excavator; 13. Support boom. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Please see Figure 1-3 The precast long pile tidal flat pile driving machine provided in this utility model embodiment is composed of an excavator carrier A and a pile clamping and driving integrated device B. The pile driving machine can independently move into the soft mud foundation construction site on land or coastal tidal flats, and then use the mid-section pile gripping method to independently complete the pile driving, pile moving, pile alignment and pile driving operations of the precast long pile C for pile foundation construction. It is a multi-purpose machine and does not require additional auxiliary equipment such as cranes and pile frames.

[0035] The excavator vehicle A includes an amphibious tracked excavator 12 that can travel independently and a support boom 13. A support boom hinge 1 is provided at the front end of the support boom 13. The pile clamping and pressing device B is set on the support boom 13 through the support boom hinge 1. The excavator (12) is equipped with a hydraulic power device inside, which provides hydraulic power to the pile clamping and pressing device B and the support boom 13.

[0036] The aforementioned integrated pile clamping and pressing device B includes: a telescopic and pile gripping mechanism and a pile pressing mechanism;

[0037] The telescopic and pile-grabbing mechanism is used to clamp the middle section of the precast long pile C and rotate the precast long pile C from a horizontal state in the air to a vertical state.

[0038] The pile driving mechanism is used to drive precast long piles C into the soft mud foundation.

[0039] This embodiment uses precast long piles C, which are precast piles with a single length greater than 20 meters, especially ultra-long precast piles with a single length exceeding 25 meters, including bamboo-joint piles or ordinary smooth concrete precast pipe piles, etc. The specific model is selected according to the project design requirements. During the pile lifting, pile moving, pile alignment, and pile driving operations, the middle section of the precast long pile C is clamped on the integrated pile clamping and driving device B. The supporting arm 13 cooperates with the integrated pile clamping and driving device B to move the precast long pile C from the pile lifting position to the pile driving position, and then rotates it from a horizontal state to a vertical state in the air to drive the pile, thus completing the pile driving construction operation on soft mud foundations such as land or beaches.

[0040] In this embodiment, before starting the pile driving operation, the construction personnel need to conduct a preliminary survey of the site, plan the pile positions, and, if necessary, clear the site and improve the support of the soft mud foundation (by laying appropriate amounts of planks, timber, or caissons, etc.). Then, the operators drive an 80-90 ton tracked excavator to the construction site to reach the designated pile position. The integrated pile clamping and driving device B can be pre-installed on the excavator and moved together, or it can be installed on the excavator carrier A after arriving at the construction site.

[0041] During operation, the tracked excavator 12 drives the support boom 13 and the integrated pile clamping and pressing device B to work together. The excavator 12 and the support boom 13 provide support and power to the integrated pile clamping and pressing device B, which is suspended in the air. The relative position of the integrated pile clamping and pressing device B with the precast long pile and the ground is adjusted during the pile lifting, hoisting and pressing process. The integrated pile clamping and pressing device B is further driven to adjust the horizontal displacement, vertical displacement, verticality and pile top elevation of the precast long pile C during the pressing process. The pressing construction is completed on soft mud foundations such as land, shallow water wetlands or beaches.

[0042] In this embodiment, the excavator 12 and the supporting boom 13 control the aerial posture and position of the integrated pile clamping and pressing device B as a whole, which is the first level of control; the integrated pile clamping and pressing device B then controls the aerial posture and position of the precast long pile C and the pressing of the pile, which is the second level of control; after the precast long pile is aligned, the excavator 12 and the supporting boom 13 work together with the integrated pile clamping and pressing device B to perform static pressing, pressing the precast long pile C into the soft mud foundation until the set pile top elevation is reached.

[0043] The track width of the amphibious tracked excavator 12 can be selected to be ≥800mm to enhance its tidal flat mobility.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] See appendix Figure 4-7 The precast long pile driving machine for tidal flats provided in this embodiment of the present invention is a further optimization based on Embodiment 1.

[0046] The amphibious long pile driving machine's integrated pile clamping and driving device B includes: a driving mechanism and a telescopic and pile-grabbing mechanism, as well as an auxiliary stabilizing mechanism that works in conjunction with the driving mechanism and the telescopic and pile-grabbing machine.

[0047] The pile driving mechanism includes: a support arm hinge 1, a turntable 2, and a bracket 3. The turntable 2 is a horizontal disc, and its two end planes are fixedly connected to the support arm hinge 1 and the bracket 3, respectively. The bracket 3 is fixed at the end of the turntable 2 away from the support arm hinge 1 and is a symmetrical frame structure. The bracket 3 is provided with two parallel slots 301 and a through hole 302. The slots 301 extend along the length of the bracket 3 and reach the end face. The through hole 302 is located in the middle of the two slots 301.

[0048] The telescopic and pile-grabbing mechanism includes a telescopic arm 4, a first hydraulic cylinder 5, a third hydraulic cylinder 7, and a clamp 8. The telescopic arm 4 is elongated and symmetrically arranged in slots 301 at both ends of the support 3, allowing it to slide within the slots 301. The cross-section of the telescopic arm 4 is rectangular and adapted to the slots 301. The bottom end of the first hydraulic cylinder 5 passes through the through holes 302 at both ends of the support 3 and is bolted to the inside of the support 3. The extended end is detachably connected to the telescopic arm 4 via a pin, and is used to drive the telescopic arm 4 to rise and fall. The two ends of the third hydraulic cylinder 7 are detachably connected to the two ends of the clamp 8 via pins and are installed on the side of the telescopic arm 4 near the clamp 8. The clamp 8 is detachably connected to the lower end of the telescopic arm 4 via a pin, and is in a ring shape, with its internal shape adapted to the shape of the precast long pile C.

[0049] The auxiliary stabilizing mechanism includes a second hydraulic cylinder 6, a pulley 9, a wire rope 10, and a pulley seat 11. The bottom end of the second hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixed inside the bracket 3 near the pulley seat 11, with its installation direction parallel to the length direction of the bracket 3. Its extended end is connected to one end of the wire rope 10. The pulley seat 11 is bolted to the bracket 3, and the pulley 9 is detachably connected to the pulley seat 11 via a pin, with its axis perpendicular to the length direction of the bracket 3. The other end of the wire rope 10 is equipped with a hook, which, during operation, passes around the pulley 9 and hooks onto the pile. The two end faces of the pile body provide support for the two end faces of the pile body; the clamp 8 is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the inner surface of the clamp is provided with anti-slip teeth (horizontal concave and convex, toothed parallel texture, tooth pitch ≤10mm) to increase the gripping force on the surface of the pile body; the steel wire rope 10 is a high-strength galvanized steel wire rope to ensure the safety of pile lifting; the precast long pile is an ultra-long precast concrete pipe pile with a single length of more than 25 meters. A single precast pipe pile can meet the support force requirements of the project design, without the need for pile splicing, thereby improving the efficiency of engineering construction and reducing costs.

[0050] Support boom hinge 1: It is horizontally fixed on one end plane of turntable 2 and is used to connect with the excavator's mechanical arm through a pin to achieve a stable connection between the pile driver and the excavator, so that the excavator can provide power to the pile driver and control its overall movement and operating angle.

[0051] Turntable 2: As a pivot component connecting the support boom hinge 1 and the bracket 3, it has a horizontal disc-shaped structure, with its two end planes fixedly connected to the support boom hinge 1 and the bracket 3, respectively. Turntable 2 can rotate 360° horizontally under the control of the excavator, thereby driving the bracket 3 and its connected components to rotate, realizing the adjustment of the pile angle to meet the requirements of different pile driving positions and angles.

[0052] Support 3: Fixed on the plane of the other end of the turntable 2 away from the hinge 1 of the supporting arm, it has a symmetrical frame structure. The two ends of the support 3 are respectively provided with mutually parallel slots 301 and through holes 302. The slots 301 extend along the length of the support 3 to provide a sliding track for the telescopic arm 4. The through hole 302 is located in the middle of the slots 301 and is used to install the first hydraulic cylinder 5. As the supporting frame of the entire pile driving mechanism, the support 3 plays an important role in connecting and fixing other components, ensuring the stability of the pile driver during operation.

[0053] Telescopic arm 4: It has a long, strip-shaped structure and is symmetrically arranged in the slots 301 at both ends of the support 3, allowing it to slide up and down along the slots 301. The cross-sectional shape of the telescopic arm 4 is adapted to the slots 301, forming a rectangular structure to ensure stability and load-bearing capacity during sliding. The telescopic arm 4 is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 5, and under the drive of the first hydraulic cylinder 5, it achieves vertical telescopic movement, thereby driving the clamp 8 and the pile to perform corresponding lifting and lowering operations.

[0054] The first hydraulic cylinder 5: After its bottom end passes through the through holes 302 at both ends of the bracket 3, it is firmly fixed inside the bracket 3 by bolt connection. The extended end of the first hydraulic cylinder 5 is movably connected to the telescopic arm 4 through a pin. Its telescopic movement can push or pull the telescopic arm 4 to move up and down in the slot 301. During the pile driving process, the first hydraulic cylinder 5 is mainly responsible for controlling the lifting and lowering of the telescopic arm 4, thereby realizing operations such as gripping, lifting and pressing down the pile.

[0055] The second hydraulic cylinder 6: Its bottom end is fixed inside the bracket 3 near the pulley seat 11. The installation direction is parallel to the length direction of the bracket 3. The extended end of the second hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected to one end of the wire rope 10. It controls the extension and retraction of the wire rope 10 through its own extension and retraction movement, thereby realizing the hook operation and tension adjustment at both ends of the pile body, preventing the pile body from sagging at both ends during the lifting process.

[0056] The third hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected to both ends of the clamp 8 via pins. The third hydraulic cylinder 7 is installed on the side of the telescopic arm 4 near the clamp 8. Its telescopic movement can control the opening and closing of the clamp 8, realizing the gripping and releasing operation of the pile. During the gripping and pressing of the pile, the third hydraulic cylinder 7 plays a key role in clamping and positioning.

[0057] Clamp 8: It is movably connected to the lower end of the telescopic arm 4 by a pin and has a ring-shaped structure. Its internal shape is adapted to the shape of the pile to ensure that it can firmly grip the pile. The two ends of clamp 8 are respectively connected to the third hydraulic cylinder 7. Under the drive of the third hydraulic cylinder 7, the clamp 8 can open and close, thereby achieving stable gripping and release of the pile.

[0058] Pulley 9: It is movably connected to pulley seat 11 by a pin. The axis of pulley 9 is perpendicular to the length direction of bracket 3. Pulley 9 is located on the side of bracket 3 close to wire rope 10. It is used to change the movement direction of wire rope 10, reduce the friction between wire rope 10 and bracket 3, make the winding and unwinding of wire rope 10 smoother, and improve the service life and working efficiency of wire rope 10.

[0059] Wire rope 10: One end is fixedly connected to the extended end of the second hydraulic cylinder 6, and the other end is equipped with a hook. The wire rope 10 passes around the pulley 9. With the guiding action of the pulley 9, the wire rope 10 can accurately hook the two ends of the pile. During the pile driving process, the wire rope 10 is adjusted by tightening or loosening under the control of the second hydraulic cylinder 6 to prevent the pile from drooping at both ends due to gravity during the lifting process, thus ensuring the stability of the pile.

[0060] Pulley seat 11: It is fixedly connected to the side of the bracket 3 near the wire rope 10. Its structural shape is adapted to the pulley 9, providing an installation and support platform for the pulley 9. The pulley seat 11 is firmly fixed to the bracket 3 by bolt connection to ensure the stability and reliability of the pulley 9 during operation.

[0061] This utility model embodiment adopts a three-level linkage of "support boom hinge (1) + turntable (2) + frame bracket (3)", which greatly improves the stability of precast long piles, especially ultra-long piles, and is conducive to safe and stable operation of each step; by grabbing the middle section of the pile and combining the pile lifting method with steel wire rope assistance, the problem of pile breakage during hoisting is effectively avoided, ensuring the integrity and structural strength of the pile; through the close cooperation between the pile driver and the pile pressing process, each operation link is closely connected and efficiently coordinated. The excavator carrier A is multi-purpose and independently completes each step, greatly reducing the use of auxiliary equipment such as cranes, and reducing the time and number of pile transfers and adjustments during the processes of grabbing, lifting, and pressing the pile; the excavator carrier A and the integrated pile clamping and pressing device B work together efficiently to perform static pile pressing. The integrated pile clamping and pressing device B is achieved through the reasonable configuration and coordinated operation of two hydraulic cylinders, which improves the pile pressing speed and greatly shortens the time of a single pile pressing operation, thereby effectively improving the construction efficiency of the pile pressing operation and accelerating the construction progress of the photovoltaic power generation project.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] The tidal flat pile driving machine for precast long piles provided in this embodiment of the utility model is a further optimization based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. It adds a PLC controller and sensors to achieve optimized control, simplify the manual operation process, and improve the construction accuracy and automation level.

[0064] In this embodiment, the tidal flat pile driver further includes a PLC controller and a MEMS sensor. The MEMS sensor is mounted on the support 3. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 5, the second hydraulic cylinder 6, the third hydraulic cylinder 7, and the MEMS sensor to receive data from the MEMS sensor and automatically control the movement of each hydraulic cylinder. Specifically, the PLC controller can be mounted on the excavator carrier A or on the integrated pile clamping and driving device B for convenient connection and control. The angle sensing accuracy of the MEMS sensor is ±0.1°. In each step of the pile driving operation, it continuously collects data such as the height, angle, displacement, and speed of the pile in real time and transmits them to the PLC controller.

[0065] The piling method for precast long piles using a tidal flat piling machine provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0066] S1. Pile lifting

[0067] First, transport the precast long piles to the construction site and place them in sequence; when lifting the pile, first move the excavator to the middle position of the pile body, the PLC controller controls the first hydraulic cylinder set at both ends of the support 3 to extend, so that the travel of the telescopic arm 4 is maximized, and then control the third hydraulic cylinder 7 to move, so that the clamp 8 grabs the pile body, the hook of the wire rope 10 hooks the two ends of the pile body, and tightens the second hydraulic cylinder 6.

[0068] After the excavator comes to a stop, the integrated pile clamping and pressing device B starts working. When gripping the pile, if the pile position is slightly off, the extension length and angle of the telescopic arm are adjusted by controlling the first hydraulic cylinders at both ends of the support, so that the clamp can accurately grip the pile. During the process of lifting and moving the pile, the first hydraulic cylinder is finely adjusted again according to the actual situation so that the pile can be accurately moved to the target position in the horizontal direction. If the pile needs to be slightly adjusted to the left, the first hydraulic cylinder on the left can be retracted and the first hydraulic cylinder on the right can be extended to achieve precise horizontal displacement adjustment of the pile.

[0069] S2. Relocation of piles

[0070] During pile lifting, after the PLC controller clamps the pile body and the wire rope hooks onto both ends of the pile body, the excavator 12 and the support boom 13 control the pile clamping and pressing device, together with the pile body, to be lifted horizontally and moved to the pile pressing location; during this process, the MEMS sensor set on the support 3 sends the dynamic data such as the coordinates, attitude, angle, displacement, and speed of the pile position to the PLC controller.

[0071] During the pile relocation process, the PLC controller automatically controls the actions of each hydraulic cylinder based on the data fed back by the MEMS sensor. When the pile body is detected to be tilted, if the pile body tilts to the left, the first hydraulic cylinder on the left is controlled to retract appropriately and the first hydraulic cylinder on the right is controlled to extend appropriately, thereby driving the telescopic arm and the pile body to adjust the angle. Conversely, if the pile body tilts to the right, the opposite action is performed.

[0072] S3. Pile alignment

[0073] After reaching the pile driving position, the PLC controller uses data sent back by the MEMS sensor to control the support arm 13 and the integrated pile clamping and driving device to move together. The rotation of the turntable 2 drives the support 3 to rotate, so that the pile body is perpendicular to the ground and the pile tip (lower end face) of the pile body contacts the ground, thus completing the pile driving.

[0074] S4. Piling

[0075] When pile driving begins, the PLC controller first releases the second hydraulic cylinder, causing the wire rope hook to disengage from the two ends of the pile. Then, it releases the lower clamp, retracts the lower first hydraulic cylinder, and moves the lower telescopic arm upward back into the slot of the support. After the lower first hydraulic cylinder has fully retracted, the lower third hydraulic cylinder is controlled to make the lower clamp grip the pile again. The upper first hydraulic cylinder is then controlled to retract, moving the telescopic arm downward back into the slot of the support. The lower first hydraulic cylinder is then controlled to extend, moving the telescopic arm downward to drive the pile. This process is repeated multiple times until the top of the pile reaches the set elevation.

[0076] During the pile driving process, the PLC controller controls the clamping force and angle of the third hydraulic cylinder to fine-tune the verticality of the pile body based on the dynamic sensing data of the MEMS sensor. (Major vertical adjustments are made by the excavator 12 and the support boom 13). Throughout the pile driving process, the MEMS sensor continuously feeds back data, and the PLC controls each hydraulic cylinder to continuously fine-tune until the verticality of the pile body meets the requirements, and then maintains it.

[0077] During pile driving, the PLC controller controls the pile top elevation by controlling the extension and retraction of the first hydraulic cylinder. First, the required stroke for pile driving is calculated based on the designed pile top elevation and the current ground elevation. During pile driving, the first hydraulic cylinder is extended to push the telescopic arm downward, applying pressure to the pile to make it sink. At the same time, MEMS sensors are used to monitor the movement distance of the telescopic arm in real time, thereby accurately determining the pile driving depth. When the driving depth fed back by the MEMS sensor reaches the design requirements, the first hydraulic cylinder is controlled to stop extending, ensuring that the pile top elevation meets the design standards.

[0078] S5. Pile Closure

[0079] When step S4 completes the driving of the first long pile, the PLC controller first releases the third hydraulic cylinder, releasing the clamping force on the pile and separating the pile from the clamp; then, it retracts the lower first hydraulic cylinder, driving the lower telescopic arm upward to return it completely to the slot of the support; then, it controls the support boom 13 to slowly lift, moving the entire pile clamping and driving device B upward, away from the driven pile, completing the pile collection; during the lifting process, it is important to observe the surrounding environment to avoid collisions between the pile clamping and driving device and the driven pile or other obstacles; finally, the excavator is moved to the next pile position to prepare for the driving of the next pile.

[0080] S6. Continuous construction

[0081] After the piles are collected, move the excavator and repeat steps S1-S5 to complete the construction of multiple long piles in sequence.

[0082] The amphibious long pile driving machine provided in this embodiment uses a MEMS sensor, which is a mechanical quantity detection sensor with a built-in angular velocity / gyroscope. Its main functions include: acceleration detection: sensing acceleration changes through a sensitive structure (precast long pile) and converting mechanical displacement into an electrical signal for attitude control; angular velocity / gyroscope detection: measuring the rotational angular velocity of the precast long pile, etc. Specific models can be selected according to construction needs; its optimal installation position is the central axis of the support 3.

[0083] Through the coordinated work of multiple components, a series of complex operations are completed during the process of pile gripping, pile lifting, pile moving, pile alignment and pile driving, from adjusting verticality to controlling pile driving elevation. This effectively addresses the challenges of soft mud foundation environments such as land, tidal flats, swamps and wetlands, and improves the quality and efficiency of pile driving operations.

[0084] The working principle of some embodiments of this utility model is as follows:

[0085] Pile gripping process: The pile driver uses an excavator as its base power and moving platform. After the 80-90 ton excavator is moved to the middle position of the pile, it is ready to grip the pile. At this time, the first hydraulic cylinders at both ends of the control support extend. The extended end of the first hydraulic cylinder pushes the telescopic arm to slide in the slot of the support, extending the stroke of the telescopic arm to the maximum so that the clamp can reach the appropriate pile gripping position. Next, the third hydraulic cylinder is adjusted, and its extension and retraction cause the clamp to open and close. When the third hydraulic cylinder extends, the clamp opens; when it retracts, the clamp tightly grips the pile. The clamp 8 can grab precast long piles of different specifications and models with diameters between 400mm and 800mm. At the same time, to prevent the ends of the pile from sagging during subsequent lifting, the second hydraulic cylinder is extended so that the hook at one end of the wire rope hooks onto the two ends of the pile. Then, the second hydraulic cylinder is tightened to generate sufficient tension in the wire rope to tightly hold the ends of the pile, ensuring that the pile remains stable during lifting. This series of actions is controlled by multiple independent hydraulic cylinders, which is precise and efficient, ensuring the firmness, stability, and safety of the pile gripping.

[0086] Pile lifting process: After the clamps firmly grip the pile and the wire ropes tightly hook onto both ends of the pile, the pile is lifted horizontally by power provided by the excavator and its support boom 13. The movement of the support boom (mechanical arm) is controlled by the excavator's hydraulic system, enabling smooth and precise movements. During the pile lifting process, the method of gripping the middle section of the pile, combined with the auxiliary support of the wire ropes at both ends, effectively disperses the force on the pile, preventing the pile from breaking in the middle due to its own weight and uneven stress. At the same time, each hydraulic cylinder maintains a stable working state, ensuring that the clamps and wire ropes firmly fix the pile, preventing the pile from loosening or slipping, and ensuring the safety and reliability of the pile lifting process.

[0087] The pile verticality adjustment process: After the pile driver moves to the pile position, the support arm keeps the pile horizontal. At this time, the high-precision MEMS sensors installed on the support arm or bracket begin to function. They monitor the angular deviation of the pile relative to the vertical direction in real time and feed the angle data back to the PLC controller and operator. Based on this data, the PLC controller or operator can control the turntable to rotate the bracket, thereby adjusting the pile verticality. The turntable is fixedly connected to the bracket. When the turntable rotates, the bracket rotates accordingly, thereby driving the pile to rotate. By precisely adjusting the rotation angle of the turntable, the pile gradually becomes perpendicular to the ground, achieving precise adjustment of the pile verticality. This adjustment method based on MEMS sensor feedback can quickly and accurately adjust the pile to a vertical state, offering higher accuracy and efficiency compared to traditional methods that rely on manual experience and simple measuring tools.

[0088] Piling Process: After the pile is vertically positioned, the piling stage begins. First, the second hydraulic cylinder is released, causing the wire rope hook to detach from the pile. Then, the lower clamp is released, and the lower first hydraulic cylinder retracts, moving the lower telescopic arm upwards back into the support slot. Once the lower first hydraulic cylinder has fully retracted, the lower third hydraulic cylinder is controlled to re-clamp the lower clamp onto the pile. Subsequently, the upper first hydraulic cylinder is controlled to retract, moving the telescopic arm downwards back into the support slot. Simultaneously, the lower first hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend, pushing the telescopic arm downwards and applying pressure to the pile. In this embodiment, the piling stroke is 1800mm / cycle, and the maximum piling force (static pressure) can reach 80. The maximum working pressure is 30 MPa. Under the pressure of the telescopic boom and its own weight, the pile gradually moves downward. During the pile driving process, the two hydraulic cylinders work together to continuously provide stable power to the telescopic boom, driving it to move up and down continuously to continuously press the pile into place until the pile reaches the designed depth (pile top elevation), thus completing the entire pile driving process.

[0089] In summary, the precast long pile tidal flat pile driving machine disclosed in the above embodiments of this utility model uses an independently traveling excavator carrier. The integrated pile clamping and driving device includes a support boom hinge, a turntable, and a bracket. The bracket adopts a symmetrical frame structure, combined with a telescopic boom and hydraulic cylinders, enabling efficient and safe pile gripping and driving. An innovative mid-section pile gripping method, combined with specially designed clamps, prevents pile breakage during lifting. An auxiliary stabilizing mechanism composed of wire ropes, pulleys, and a second hydraulic cylinder ensures safe pile lifting. The wire ropes are made of high-strength galvanized material. A PLC controller and MEMS sensors are installed on the pile driving machine. It achieves automated and precise control; during construction, it utilizes the autonomous movement of a tracked excavator to provide power to each hydraulic cylinder, making it a multi-functional machine capable of independently completing steps such as pile gripping, pile lifting, verticality adjustment, and pile driving. The combination of this amphibious long pile driving machine and driving method effectively solves the problems of numerous and complex on-site pile driving equipment in traditional soft mud foundations such as tidal flats. It has the advantages of high construction efficiency, precise pile verticality, fewer equipment, and safe and stable operation. It is particularly suitable for the pile driving operation of precast long piles in various shallow water ponds and coastal tidal flats, providing reliable technical support for photovoltaic power generation projects and other related engineering construction.

[0090] In addition, this tidal flat pile driver can continuously drive piles during high and low tides on the tidal flats. Compared with traditional land-based pile driving equipment and offshore pile driving equipment, which are only suitable for a single working environment, this machine has the advantages of strong adaptability, high pile driving efficiency, simple operation, and cost savings.

[0091] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A beach pile driver for precast long piles, characterized in that, It includes an excavator carrier (A) and an integrated pile clamping and driving device (B). The excavator carrier (A) includes an excavator (12) and a support boom (13), and the integrated pile clamping and driving device (B) is hinged to the front end of the support boom (13); The aforementioned integrated pile clamping and pressing device (B) includes: a telescopic and pile gripping mechanism and a pile pressing mechanism; The telescopic and pile-grabbing mechanism is used to clamp the middle section of the precast long pile (C) and rotate the precast long pile (C) from a horizontal state in the air to a vertical state. The pile driving mechanism is used to drive precast long piles (C) into the soft mud foundation.

2. A beach pile driver for precast long piles according to claim 1, characterized in that The excavator (12) is an amphibious tracked excavator with a hydraulic power unit inside.

3. A beach pile driver for precast long piles according to claim 1, characterized in that The pile driving mechanism includes: a support arm hinge (1), a turntable (2) and a bracket (3). The turntable (2) is in the shape of a horizontal disc, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the support arm hinge (1) and the bracket (3) respectively. The bracket (3) is fixed at the end of the turntable (2) away from the support arm hinge (1) and is a symmetrical frame structure. The bracket (3) is provided with two parallel slots (301) and a through hole (302). The slots (301) extend along the length of the bracket (3) and reach the end face. The through hole (302) is located in the middle of the two slots (301).

4. A beach pile driver for pre-fabricated long piles according to claim 3, characterized in that The telescopic and pile-grabbing mechanism includes a telescopic arm (4), a first hydraulic cylinder (5), a third hydraulic cylinder (7), and a clamp (8). The telescopic arm (4) is long and symmetrically arranged in the slot (301) on the bracket (3) and slides in the slot (301). The cross-section of the telescopic arm (4) is a rectangle that matches the slot (301). The bottom end of the first hydraulic cylinder (5) passes through the through hole (302) on the bracket (3) and is bolted to the inside of the bracket (3). The extended end is connected to the telescopic arm (4) by a pin and is used to drive the telescopic arm (4) to rise and fall. The two ends of the third hydraulic cylinder (7) are respectively connected to the clamp (8) by pins and are installed on the side of the telescopic arm (4) near the clamp (8). The clamp (8) is connected to the lower end of the telescopic arm (4) by a pin and is in a ring shape. The internal shape matches the outer contour of the precast long pile (C).

5. The tidal flat pile driving machine for precast long piles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The aforementioned integrated pile clamping and pressing device (B) also includes an auxiliary stabilizing mechanism that works in conjunction with the telescopic and pile gripping mechanism and the pile pressing mechanism; The auxiliary stabilizing mechanism includes: a second hydraulic cylinder (6), a pulley (9), a wire rope (10), and a pulley seat (11). The bottom end of the second hydraulic cylinder (6) is fixed inside the bracket (3) near the pulley seat (11), and its installation direction is parallel to the length direction of the bracket (3). Its extended end is connected to one end of the wire rope (10). The pulley seat (11) is bolted to the bracket (3). The pulley (9) is connected to the pulley seat (11) by a pin, and its axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the bracket (3). The other end of the wire rope (10) is provided with a hook, which hooks onto both ends of the pile body after passing around the pulley (9) during operation.

6. A beach pile driver for pre-fabricated long piles according to claim 5, characterized in that It also includes a MEMS sensor, which is mounted on a bracket (3).

7. A beach pile driver for pre-fabricated long piles according to claim 6, characterized in that It also includes a PLC controller, which is electrically connected to the first hydraulic cylinder (5), the second hydraulic cylinder (6), the third hydraulic cylinder (7) and the MEMS sensor respectively, receives data from the MEMS sensor and automatically controls the action of each hydraulic cylinder.

8. A beach pile driver for precast long piles according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The aforementioned precast long pile C refers to a precast pipe pile with a single length greater than 20 meters, including ultra-long precast pipe piles with a single length exceeding 25 meters.

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