A reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure and compressor

Abstract

This utility model discloses an oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor, including a crankshaft, a cylinder, and a connecting rod. An oil baffle is provided between the crankshaft and the cylinder, with a 0.5-20mm gap reserved between the lower end of the oil baffle and the connecting rod to form an oil leakage channel. The oil baffle is configured such that when the compressor pumps oil at low speed or at a small volume, lubricating oil enters the cylinder through the gap; when the compressor pumps oil at a large volume or at a high speed, the oil baffle blocks part of the lubricating oil to reduce the amount of oil entering the cylinder. By providing an oil baffle between the crankshaft and the cylinder, lubricating oil can smoothly pass through the gap to ensure lubrication when the pump is low or at a small volume, and the oil baffle effectively blocks excessive oil from entering the cylinder when the pump is high or at a high speed, thus achieving the effect of adapting to different oil quantity or speed conditions and reducing the amount of oil discharged by the compressor. Through the coordinated design of the mesh structure and longitudinal grooves, the oil quantity adjustment accuracy is further optimized, avoiding the increase in system power and liquid slugging caused by high-speed oil discharge while ensuring sufficient lubrication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical lubrication technology for compressors, specifically to an oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor and the compressor itself. Background Technology

[0002] Reciprocating piston refrigeration compressors typically use the centrifugal force generated by crankshaft rotation to pump lubricating oil from the lower end of the crankshaft to an eccentric shaft, and then splash it onto the piston and cylinder for lubrication. However, in variable frequency compressors, the lubrication effect varies significantly at different speeds. At low speeds, the centrifugal force is smaller, resulting in insufficient lubrication; while at high speeds, the increased centrifugal force leads to excessive lubricating oil splashing, which can easily enter the cylinder and cause oil discharge problems. Excessive oil discharge not only affects the heat dissipation performance of the refrigeration system but also leads to increased system power, liquid slugging, and other adverse phenomena, thereby reducing the reliability and lifespan of the compressor.

[0003] In addition, the oil pumping volume of a constant speed compressor is affected by the machining accuracy of the crankshaft manufacturing process. Different axial angles and different deviations of the oil holes from the crankshaft will also cause changes in the oil pumping volume. When the oil pumping volume is large, the oil line is subjected to greater centrifugal force, and the oil line height will be higher. When the oil pumping volume is large, the oil line is subjected to less centrifugal force, and the oil line height will be lower. Therefore, the oil pumping volume of a constant speed compressor also has a certain range of variation.

[0004] Currently, conventional compressor lubrication systems lack oil quantity adjustment mechanisms for different speeds, making it difficult to balance the contradiction between insufficient lubrication at low speeds and excessive oil discharge at high speeds. Although some technologies attempt to improve lubrication by optimizing crankshaft structure or adjusting oil circuits, none can dynamically adapt to the wide speed range requirements of variable frequency compressors. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can automatically adjust the amount of lubricating oil according to speed changes, effectively reducing oil discharge during high-speed operation while ensuring sufficient lubrication. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems in related technologies, this utility model proposes a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure and compressor, which can overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0007] An oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor;

[0008] The reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure includes a crankshaft, a cylinder, and a connecting rod. An oil baffle is provided between the crankshaft and the cylinder. A gap is reserved between the lower end of the oil baffle and the connecting rod to form an oil leakage channel. The oil baffle is configured such that when the compressor pumps a small amount of oil or operates at low speed, lubricating oil enters the cylinder through the gap. When the compressor pumps a large amount of oil or operates at high speed, the oil baffle blocks part of the lubricating oil to reduce the amount of oil entering the cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the spacing of the gap is 0.5~20mm, and the gap is either an equal-spaced gap or an unequal-spaced gap. The unequal-spaced gap is either an arc-shaped unequal-spaced gap or a wavy unequal-spaced gap.

[0010] Furthermore, the oil baffle plate has a mesh structure on its oil-facing surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the mesh structure is a wire mesh or a stamped mesh, and the mesh shape of the wire mesh is at least one of strip, circle or polygon.

[0012] Furthermore, the pore density of the wire mesh in the mesh structure is set to an increasing or decreasing gradient along the rotation direction of the crankshaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a longitudinal groove of 1-20mm is provided in the middle of the oil baffle, and the width of the longitudinal groove is inversely proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the oil baffle is fixed to the cylinder seat, and its installation height and angle are adjustable.

[0015] Furthermore, the oil baffle is fixed to the crankshaft or connecting rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the oil baffle plate has a guide rib on its oil-facing surface, and the extension direction of the guide rib forms an angle of 15°-75° with the crankshaft rotation axis.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a compressor is provided.

[0018] The compressor includes the aforementioned reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting an oil baffle between the crankshaft and the cylinder, the lubricating oil can smoothly pass through the gap to ensure the lubrication effect when running at low speed. When running at high speed, the oil baffle effectively prevents excessive oil from entering the cylinder, thereby achieving the effect of dynamically adapting to different speed conditions and significantly reducing the amount of oil discharged by the compressor. At the same time, through the coordinated design of the mesh structure and the longitudinal groove, the oil quantity adjustment accuracy is further optimized, and the system power increase and liquid slugging problem caused by high-speed oil discharge are effectively avoided while ensuring sufficient lubrication. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the coordination state of a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial perspective view of the engagement state of a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial side view of the engagement state of a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view of the engagement state of a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a first-view perspective perspective view of the oil baffle plate of a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a second-view perspective perspective view of the oil baffle plate of a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Crankshaft; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Oil baffle; 5. Clearance section; 6. Mesh structure; 7. Longitudinal groove; 8. Cylinder seat. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] like Figure 1-6 As shown in the embodiment of this utility model, a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure includes a crankshaft 1, a cylinder and a connecting rod 3. An oil baffle 4 is provided between the crankshaft 1 and the cylinder 2. A gap 5 is reserved between the lower end of the oil baffle 4 and the connecting rod 3 to form an oil leakage channel. The oil baffle 4 is configured such that when the compressor pumps a small amount of oil or runs at low speed, lubricating oil enters the cylinder through the gap 5; when the compressor pumps a large amount of oil or runs at high speed, the oil baffle 4 blocks part of the lubricating oil to reduce the amount of oil entering the cylinder.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure is provided. In a specific embodiment, the spacing of the gap portion 5 is 0.5~20mm. The gap portion 5 is an equal-spaced gap portion or an unequal-spaced gap portion. The unequal-spaced gap portion is an arc-shaped unequal-spaced gap portion or a wavy unequal-spaced gap portion.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure is provided, in a specific embodiment, the oil baffle 4 has a mesh structure 6 on its oil-facing surface.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure is provided. In a specific embodiment, the mesh structure 6 is a wire mesh or a stamped mesh, and the mesh shape of the wire mesh is at least one of strip, circle or polygon.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment of a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure, the wire mesh pore density of the mesh structure 6 is set to an increasing or decreasing gradient along the rotation direction of the crankshaft 1.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure is provided. In a specific embodiment, the oil baffle 4 has a longitudinal groove 7 of 1~20mm in the middle. The width of the longitudinal groove 7 is inversely proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft 1.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment of a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure, the oil baffle 4 is fixed on the cylinder seat 8, and its installation height and angle are adjustable.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a specific embodiment of a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure, the oil baffle 4 is fixed on the crankshaft 1 or the connecting rod 3.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure is provided. In a specific embodiment, the oil baffle 4 has a guide rib on its oil-facing surface, and the extension direction of the guide rib forms an angle of 15°-75° with the rotation axis of the crankshaft 1.

[0039] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a compressor includes the above-described reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure.

[0040] To facilitate understanding of the above-mentioned technical solutions of this utility model, the following detailed description of the above-mentioned technical solutions of this utility model is provided through specific usage methods.

[0041] In practical application, based on the oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor described in this utility model, taking a variable frequency reciprocating piston refrigeration compressor as an example, an oil baffle 4 is installed between the eccentric part of the crankshaft 1 and the inner wall of the cylinder. The lower end of the oil baffle 4 forms a 3mm gap 5 with the side of the connecting rod 3. A diamond-shaped perforated steel wire mesh 6 is welded to the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle 4. The pore density of the diamond-shaped perforated steel wire mesh 6 increases in a gradient of 10% / cm along the rotation direction of the crankshaft 1. A longitudinal groove 7 is opened in the lower middle part of the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle 4. The oil baffle 4 mounting bracket is fixed on the cylinder seat 8.

[0042] When the compressor starts at low speed, the lubricating oil level is lower than the mesh structure 6 of the oil baffle 4 due to the relatively small centrifugal force. The oil mainly enters the cylinder 2 through the gap 5 and the longitudinal groove 7, ensuring sufficient lubrication between the piston and the cylinder wall. When the compressor starts at high speed, the oil level rises to the upper middle part of the oil baffle 4. Approximately 60% of the oil is intercepted by the gradient mesh structure 6. The remaining oil enters the cylinder in a measured amount through the longitudinal groove 7 and the gap 5. At this time, the oil flow is controlled within a suitable range, and the oil discharge is controlled and reduced compared to the traditional structure. In addition, the guide ribs set on the oil-facing side of the oil baffle guide the splashed oil flow to the high-density area of ​​the mesh structure 6, further optimizing the interception efficiency.

[0043] In this embodiment, through the multi-parameter coordinated adjustment of the oil baffle 4, precise control of oil quantity is achieved in the full range of low-speed and high-speed operating conditions, while the oil film thickness on the cylinder wall is always maintained within the optimal lubrication range.

[0044] In summary, by utilizing the above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model, an oil baffle is installed between the crankshaft and the cylinder, allowing lubricating oil to smoothly pass through the gap to ensure lubrication during low-speed operation. During high-speed operation, the oil baffle effectively prevents excessive oil from entering the cylinder, thereby achieving the effect of dynamically adapting to different speed conditions and significantly reducing the amount of oil discharged by the compressor. At the same time, through the coordinated design of the mesh structure and longitudinal grooves, the oil quantity adjustment accuracy is further optimized, effectively avoiding the increase in system power and liquid slugging caused by high-speed oil discharge while ensuring sufficient lubrication.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A reciprocating piston compressor oil quantity control structure characterized by comprising: The system includes a crankshaft (1), a cylinder, and a connecting rod (3). An oil baffle (4) is provided between the crankshaft (1) and the cylinder (2). A gap (5) is reserved between the lower end of the oil baffle (4) and the connecting rod (3) to form an oil leakage channel. The oil baffle (4) is configured such that when the compressor pumps a small amount of oil or runs at a low speed, the lubricating oil enters the cylinder through the gap (5). When the compressor pumps a large amount of oil or runs at a high speed, the oil baffle (4) blocks part of the lubricating oil to reduce the amount of oil entering the cylinder.

2. A control structure for oil quantity of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 1, characterized by The spacing of the gap (5) is 0.5~20mm. The gap (5) is an equal-spacing gap or an unequal-spacing gap. The unequal-spacing gap is an arc-shaped unequal-spacing gap or a wavy unequal-spacing gap.

3. A control structure for oil quantity of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 1, wherein The oil baffle (4) has a mesh structure (6) on its oil-facing surface.

4. A control structure for the oil quantity of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 3, characterized in that The mesh structure (6) is a wire mesh or a stamped mesh, and the mesh shape of the wire mesh is at least one of strip, circle or polygon.

5. A control structure for the oil quantity of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wire mesh pore density of the mesh structure (6) is set to an increasing or decreasing gradient along the rotation direction of the crankshaft (1).

6. The oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil baffle (4) has a longitudinal groove (7) of 1~20mm in the middle, and the width of the longitudinal groove (7) is inversely proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft (1).

7. A control structure for the oil quantity of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 1, wherein The oil baffle (4) is fixed on the cylinder seat (8), and its installation height and angle are adjustable.

8. A control structure for the oil quantity of a reciprocating piston compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil baffle (4) is fixed to the crankshaft (1) or connecting rod (3).

9. According to claim 1, the oil quantity control structure of a reciprocating piston compressor is provided with a guide rib on the oil-facing surface of the oil baffle (4), and the extension direction of the guide rib forms an angle of 15°-75° with the rotation axis of the crankshaft (1).

10. A compressor characterized by: Including the oil quantity control structure for a reciprocating piston compressor as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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