External economizer structure and air conditioning system

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of air conditioning technology, and in particular to an external economizer structure and air conditioning system. The external economizer structure provided by this utility model includes a housing, a return air valve, and a fresh air valve. The housing is connected to the return air duct, and a return air channel is provided inside the housing. The housing is provided with a return air inlet and a fresh air inlet communicating with the return air channel. The return air valve is located at the return air inlet and is used to control the opening and closing of the return air inlet. The fresh air valve is located at the fresh air inlet and is used to control the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet. External fresh air enters the return air channel through the fresh air inlet. The external economizer structure provided by this utility model can add an economizer function to the air conditioning system in a simple and economical way when the internal space of the air conditioning equipment is insufficient, so as to achieve effective mixing and regulation of fresh air and return air.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of air conditioning technology, and in particular to an external economizer structure and air conditioning system. Background Technology

[0002] Economizers are crucial energy-saving devices in HVAC systems. Their working principle involves adjusting the mixing ratio of fresh and return air when outdoor environmental conditions are suitable. By utilizing the natural cooling or heating source of outdoor air, they reduce the cooling or heating load on the air conditioning equipment, thus achieving significant energy savings. In cooling mode, when the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the economizer increases the proportion of fresh air, using the low-temperature outdoor air for pre-cooling. In heating mode, when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the economizer similarly increases the proportion of fresh air, using the high-temperature outdoor air for pre-heating. This technology can achieve energy savings of 30%-50% under suitable climatic conditions and is an important technique for building energy conservation.

[0003] Traditional economizers are typically integrated directly into the air conditioning unit, using fresh air and return air valves and a corresponding control system within the unit to regulate the mixing of fresh and return air. This built-in design requires sufficient installation space within the air conditioning unit to accommodate the economizer's components, including valves, actuators, and control devices. For newly designed large air conditioning units, the necessary installation space can be reserved during the design phase, allowing for better integration of the built-in economizer.

[0004] However, in practical engineering applications, many existing air conditioning units, especially compact designs, have their internal space already filled with core components such as compressors, evaporators, condensers, and fans, leaving insufficient space for an economizer. These types of units include, but are not limited to, rooftop air conditioning units, compact air handling units, and modular air conditioning systems. The design of these units often prioritizes the arrangement of core functional components and the overall compactness of the equipment, with insufficient consideration given to reserving space for economizer functionality.

[0005] Furthermore, some early-stage air conditioning units were not designed with the importance of economizer technology fully in mind, and therefore did not reserve any space inside the unit for economizer installation. As energy-saving requirements become increasingly stringent and users become more energy-conscious, users of these units wish to add economizer functionality to achieve energy-efficient operation. However, due to insufficient internal space, they cannot adopt the traditional built-in economizer solution.

[0006] When internal space is insufficient, common solutions in engineering practice include: First, significantly modifying the air conditioning equipment to enlarge the casing to accommodate the economizer component. However, this solution requires major structural modifications, resulting in high costs, complex construction, and potential impact on the equipment's original performance and reliability. Second, replacing it with a new device that has a built-in economizer function. However, this solution involves huge investments, especially for large air conditioning units, where replacement costs often exceed the user's budget. Third, installing a separate economizer unit near the air conditioning equipment. However, existing solutions of this type are typically complex in structure, poorly integrated with the existing system, and difficult to install and debug. Utility Model Content

[0007] This application provides an external economizer structure and an air conditioning system. The external economizer structure can add economizer function to the air conditioning system in a simple and economical way when the internal space of the air conditioning equipment is insufficient, so as to achieve effective mixing and regulation of fresh air and return air.

[0008] In a first aspect, this application provides an external economizer structure, comprising: a housing connected to a return air duct, a return air channel provided inside the housing, and a return air inlet and a fresh air inlet connected to the return air channel on the housing; a return air damper located at the return air inlet for controlling the opening and closing of the return air inlet; and a fresh air damper located at the fresh air inlet for controlling the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet; wherein, external fresh air enters the return air channel through the fresh air inlet.

[0009] In one possible implementation, one end of the housing is connected to the return air duct, and the other end is provided with a flange structure for connecting the return air inlet.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the return air valve and the fresh air valve are respectively equipped with a first valve actuator and a second valve actuator.

[0011] In one possible implementation, an electrical box is also included, which is disposed on the housing and is electrically connected to the first and second air valve actuators.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the housing is provided with an exhaust port that communicates with the return air duct, and also includes an exhaust valve located at the exhaust port for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust port; wherein the return air duct is depressurized through the exhaust port.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the exhaust valve is equipped with a third valve actuator, which is electrically connected to the electrical box.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the exhaust valve's blades hang naturally under gravity and automatically open to relieve pressure when the indoor air pressure increases.

[0015] In one possible implementation, an exhaust fan is installed inside the exhaust valve, and the exhaust fan is activated to force ventilation by detecting the indoor air pressure.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the housing includes a first housing and a second housing, which are detachably connected; wherein a return air valve and a fresh air valve are disposed on the first housing, and an exhaust air valve is disposed on the second housing.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the electrical box is disposed on the first housing, and the first housing and the second housing are provided with wiring holes for the third air valve actuator to run into the electrical box.

[0018] One possible implementation also includes: a fresh air rain cover connected to the housing and installed at the fresh air inlet; and an exhaust rain cover connected to the housing and installed at the exhaust outlet.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the return air valve and the fresh air valve are controlled in a coordinated manner, and the sum of the openings of the two valves remains constant.

[0020] Secondly, this application provides an air conditioning system, including the aforementioned external economizer structure, which controls the opening degree of the return air valve and the fresh air valve according to the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor environments.

[0021] The technical solutions provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0022] The external economizer structure provided in this application completely solves the technical problem of traditional built-in economizers being limited by insufficient internal space by placing the casing outside the air conditioning unit and connecting it to the return air duct. A return air duct is set inside the casing, and return air inlets and fresh air inlets connected to the return air duct are set on the casing. With return air valves and fresh air valves installed at the corresponding inlets, the complete function of independently regulating the mixing of fresh and return air is achieved outside the unit. When external fresh air enters the return air duct through the fresh air inlet, it mixes thoroughly with the return air from the return air duct, forming a mixed air at a suitable temperature before entering the air conditioning unit. This achieves the energy-saving function of the economizer without occupying any internal space. This external design allows any air conditioning unit connected to the return air duct, regardless of its internal space constraints, to have the economizer function added through simple duct connections, avoiding the high cost and complex construction problems of extensive modifications to existing equipment. At the same time, the external structure facilitates independent installation, commissioning, and maintenance. Installers only need to connect the casing to the return air duct to complete the main installation work, greatly simplifying the construction process and reducing project costs. Furthermore, as an independent functional module, the external economizer will not affect the structural integrity and operational reliability of the original air conditioning equipment. Users can enjoy the significant energy-saving effect brought by the economizer while maintaining the normal operation of the original equipment. This technical solution is particularly suitable for energy-saving renovation projects of existing buildings, providing an economical and feasible energy-saving upgrade solution for a large number of space-constrained air conditioning equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an external economizer structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2A schematic diagram of an external economizer structure with an exhaust valve provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An exploded structural diagram of the external economizer structure shown.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the connection between the external economizer and the return air duct.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air conditioning system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another air conditioning system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 1. Housing; 11. Flange structure; 12. First housing; 13. Second housing; 14. Cable pass-through hole;

[0034] 2. Return air valve; 21. First air valve actuator;

[0035] 3. Fresh air valve; 31. Second air valve actuator;

[0036] 4. Electrical box;

[0037] 5. Exhaust air valve; 51. Third air valve actuator;

[0038] 6. Fresh air rain cover; 7. Exhaust air rain cover; 8. Roof unit; 9. Return air duct. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0041] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relative position or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "front," "back," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a positional flip, orientation change, or change of motion, these directional indications will change accordingly. For instance, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0042] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this application embodiment provides an external economizer structure, including a housing 1, a return air valve 2, and a fresh air valve 3, wherein:

[0043] The housing 1 is connected to the return air duct 9. A return air channel is provided inside the housing 1, and a return air inlet and a fresh air inlet communicating with the return air channel are provided on the housing 1. Specifically, the housing 1 is located outside the air conditioning unit, and can be installed in the return air duct or at its end. The return air inlet and fresh air inlet can be located at the end of the housing 1 or on the side wall of the housing 1; they can be installed on the same side wall or on different side walls depending on space requirements.

[0044] The return air valve 2 is located at the return air inlet and is used to control the opening and closing of the return air inlet.

[0045] Fresh air valve 3 is located at the fresh air inlet and is used to control the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet.

[0046] In this system, fresh air from outside enters the return air duct through the fresh air inlet.

[0047] In this invention, by placing the economizer structure outside the air conditioning unit and providing a return air duct and a return air inlet and a fresh air inlet connected to the return air duct within the housing 1, and coordinating the control of the return air valve 2 and the fresh air valve 3, the function of independently regulating the mixing of fresh and return air is achieved outside the air conditioning unit. This solves the technical problem of insufficient internal space in traditional air conditioning units for installing the economizer. When external fresh air enters the return air duct through the fresh air inlet, it mixes thoroughly with the return air from the return air duct, forming a mixed air at a suitable temperature that enters the air conditioning unit, thereby achieving energy-saving operation.

[0048] Specifically, housing 1 connects to the return air duct, ensuring the economizer can be integrated into existing air conditioning systems. The return air duct within housing 1 provides a mixing space for fresh and return air. The return air inlet connects to the return air duct, allowing indoor return air to enter the return air duct; the fresh air inlet directly connects to the external environment, allowing external fresh air to enter the return air duct. Return air damper 2 is located at the return air inlet, regulating the return air volume by controlling the opening and closing degree of the return air inlet; fresh air damper 3 is located at the fresh air inlet, regulating the fresh air volume by controlling the opening and closing degree of the fresh air inlet. When an increase in fresh air volume is needed, the opening degree of fresh air damper 3 increases, while the opening degree of return air damper 2 decreases accordingly, and vice versa.

[0049] In one specific embodiment, during summer cooling, if the outdoor temperature is detected to be 25°C and the indoor temperature to be 28°C, the system will automatically increase the opening degree of the fresh air valve 3 while decreasing the opening degree of the return air valve 2. This allows more low-temperature outdoor fresh air to enter the return air duct, mixing with some indoor return air to form a mixed air at approximately 26°C before entering the air conditioning unit. In this way, the air conditioning unit only needs to cool the 26°C mixed air to the set temperature, instead of cooling the 28°C pure return air, significantly reducing the cooling load and achieving energy savings. Furthermore, since the economizer structure is entirely located outside the air conditioning unit, without occupying internal space, even compact air conditioning units that would otherwise be unable to install an economizer can enjoy the energy-saving benefits of an economizer.

[0050] In related technologies, traditional economizers are usually integrated directly inside the air conditioning unit, requiring sufficient installation space within the unit. This makes it impossible to install the economizer function in many space-constrained air conditioning units. Furthermore, traditional built-in economizers require opening the air conditioning unit for installation and maintenance, which is complex and may affect the overall sealing performance of the unit.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the external design completely solves the space limitation problem, allowing any air conditioning unit connected to the return air duct to be equipped with an economizer function, greatly expanding the application scope of economizer technology. Simultaneously, the external structure facilitates independent installation, commissioning, and maintenance without requiring significant modifications to the existing air conditioning equipment, reducing modification costs and construction difficulty. Furthermore, the modular nature of the external economizer allows for the selection of appropriate specifications and configurations according to different application needs, improving the product's applicability and flexibility.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, one end of the housing 1 is connected to the return air duct 9, and the other end is provided with a flange structure 11, which is used to connect to the return air inlet.

[0053] In this invention, by connecting one end of the housing 1 to the return air duct 9 and providing a flange structure 11 at the other end for connecting the return air inlet, a standardized and reliable connection between the external economizer and the air conditioning system is achieved, ensuring the system's sealing performance and connection stability. The flange structure 11 provides a standardized mechanical connection method, capable of withstanding wind pressure changes and vibrations during system operation, and preventing air leakage at the connection point.

[0054] Specifically, one end of the housing 1 is connected to the return air duct via a standard piping connection, ensuring smooth entry of return air into the return air channel within the housing 1. The flange structure 11 at the other end employs a standard mechanical connection design, including standardized components such as flanges and bolt holes, enabling precise alignment with the return air inlet flange of the air conditioning equipment. The flange structure 11 is designed to accommodate the installation space of the gasket, ensuring excellent sealing performance at the connection. During installation, a reliable connection is achieved through bolt tightening, with a connection strength capable of withstanding various loads during normal system operation.

[0055] In related technologies, some external devices use flexible connections or non-standard connection methods. Although the installation is relatively simple, problems such as loose connections and seal failure are prone to occur during long-term operation. Especially under working conditions with large wind pressure changes, the reliability of the connection is difficult to guarantee.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the use of a standard flange structure 11 not only ensures the mechanical strength and sealing performance of the connection but also achieves compatibility with air conditioning equipment from different manufacturers. The standardized nature of the flange connection allows maintenance personnel to quickly disassemble and reinstall the system during maintenance, greatly improving maintenance efficiency. Simultaneously, the standardized connection also ensures mass production and quality control, guaranteeing that each product meets the same connection quality standards.

[0057] In some embodiments, the return air valve 2 and the fresh air valve 3 are respectively equipped with a first valve actuator 21 and a second valve actuator 31.

[0058] In this invention, by configuring a first damper actuator 21 and a second damper actuator 31 for the return air damper 2 and the fresh air damper 3 respectively, precise automatic control of the opening and closing of the return air inlet and the fresh air inlet is achieved. This enables the economizer to automatically adjust the ratio of fresh air to return air according to changes in environmental conditions, improving the system's intelligence and control precision. After receiving the control signal, the actuator can precisely drive the damper to rotate to the designated position, achieving continuous adjustment of the airflow.

[0059] Specifically, the first damper actuator 21 is installed on the return air damper 2, responsible for controlling the opening angle of the return air damper 2, thereby regulating the amount of return air entering the return air passage. The second damper actuator 31 is installed on the fresh air damper 3, responsible for controlling the opening angle of the fresh air damper 3, thereby regulating the amount of fresh air entering the return air passage. Both actuators are electrically driven and have position feedback function, enabling precise control of the damper opening angle. The torque output of the actuators can overcome the resistance of the dampers under different air pressure conditions, ensuring that the dampers can accurately reach the designated position. The control system achieves coordinated control of the two dampers by sending control signals to the actuators.

[0060] In this embodiment of the invention, by configuring independent damper actuators, precise control of each damper is achieved, with an adjustment accuracy within 1 degree and a response time shortened to the minute level. Automated control also eliminates human error, ensuring the system always operates under optimal conditions. Furthermore, the actuator's position feedback function enables the control system to monitor the damper status in real time, promptly detect and handle abnormal situations, and improve the reliability and stability of the system operation.

[0061] In some embodiments, an electrical box 4 is also included, which is disposed on the housing 1 and is electrically connected to the first air valve actuator 21 and the second air valve actuator 31.

[0062] In this invention, by setting an electrical box 4 on the housing 1 and electrically connecting it to the first air valve actuator 21 and the second air valve actuator 31, centralized installation and unified management of the control equipment are achieved, simplifying the wiring and maintenance of the electrical system. The electrical box 4 provides a protective environment for the control equipment, protecting the control circuit from the influence of external environmental factors, while also facilitating centralized system debugging and fault diagnosis.

[0063] Specifically, the electrical box 4 is located on the surface of the housing 1, and houses control devices such as controllers, relays, and terminal blocks. The electrical box 4 has a protective design to prevent the ingress of external contaminants such as dust and moisture, protecting the normal operation of the internal electrical equipment. The control circuits of the first damper actuator 21 and the second damper actuator 31 are connected to the terminal blocks inside the electrical box 4 via dedicated cables, achieving electrical connection. The controller inside the electrical box 4 receives external control signals, processes them logically, and outputs control signals to the corresponding actuators, achieving precise control of the dampers. The electrical box 4 also has a reserved communication interface with the upper-level control system for easy system integration.

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, the centralized design of the electrical box 4 not only simplifies the wiring of the electrical system and reduces installation costs, but also improves the maintainability and reliability of the system. The protective design of the electrical box 4 ensures that the control equipment can operate stably under various environmental conditions, extending the equipment's service life. The centralized control design also facilitates subsequent functional expansion and system upgrades. When new control functions need to be added, only the corresponding control module needs to be added to the electrical box 4, without significantly altering the existing electrical system.

[0065] In some embodiments, the housing 1 is provided with an exhaust port communicating with the return air duct, and further includes an exhaust air valve 5, which is provided at the exhaust port and used to control the opening and closing of the exhaust port; wherein, the return air duct is depressurized through the exhaust port.

[0066] In this invention, by setting an exhaust vent on the housing 1 that communicates with the return air duct, and configuring an exhaust valve 5 to control the opening and closing of the exhaust vent, the pressure relief function of the return air duct is realized, solving the problem of increased indoor air pressure caused by the introduction of fresh air. When a large amount of fresh air enters, some air is discharged through the exhaust vent to maintain the balance of indoor and outdoor air pressure, preventing adverse effects on air conditioning equipment and building structure due to excessive air pressure. At the same time, only after pressure relief can fresh air be ensured to smoothly enter the return air duct.

[0067] Specifically, the exhaust vent is located on the housing 1 and directly connects to the return air duct, forming a controllable pressure relief channel. An exhaust damper 5 is installed at the exhaust vent, and the exhaust volume is adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the exhaust vent. When the system detects an increase in air pressure within the return air duct, the exhaust damper 5 automatically opens, allowing some air to be discharged through the exhaust vent, thus reducing the air pressure within the return air duct. The location of the exhaust vent is designed with airflow organization in mind, ensuring that exhaust air does not interfere with the entry of fresh air. The exhaust damper 5 is designed to operate stably under various air pressure conditions, ensuring the reliability of the pressure relief function.

[0068] In one specific embodiment, in the air conditioning system of a large shopping mall, when the eco mode is running, the fresh air volume is 1000m³ / h. 3 / h increased to 3000m 3 / h, causing a significant increase in indoor air pressure. At this time, the system automatically opens the exhaust valve 5, discharging approximately 800m³ of air through the exhaust vent. 3 The system releases air at a rate of [number] cubic meters per hour, causing the indoor air pressure to quickly drop back to normal. The entire depressurization process is completed within 2 minutes, effectively preventing problems such as difficulty in opening doors and windows and abnormal equipment operation caused by excessively high air pressure. This active depressurization mechanism not only ensures the normal operation of the economizer but also maintains the comfort and safety of the indoor environment.

[0069] In some related technologies, the design of some air conditioners does not take into account the issue of air pressure balance. When a large amount of fresh air enters, it can easily lead to excessively high indoor air pressure, which not only affects the normal opening of doors and windows, but may also cause additional load on the building structure and even affect the normal operation of air conditioning equipment.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, an effective air pressure regulation mechanism is established by specifically setting up an exhaust vent and an exhaust valve 5, ensuring that the system maintains an appropriate air pressure level under various operating conditions. This design not only solves the technical problem but also improves the user experience, avoiding various inconveniences caused by air pressure issues. At the same time, the exhaust vent provides additional flexibility to the system, allowing for forced ventilation when needed, further improving indoor air quality.

[0071] In some embodiments, the exhaust valve 5 is equipped with a third valve actuator 51, which is electrically connected to the electrical box 4.

[0072] In this invention, by configuring a third damper actuator 51 for the exhaust damper 5 and electrically connecting it to the electrical box 4, precise automatic control of the opening and closing of the exhaust port is achieved, enabling the exhaust function to be intelligently adjusted according to system needs. The third damper actuator 51 can precisely control the opening angle of the exhaust damper 5, achieving continuous adjustment of the exhaust volume and ensuring the accuracy and stability of air pressure control.

[0073] Specifically, the third damper actuator 51 is installed on the exhaust damper 5 and is electrically connected to the control system inside the electrical box 4. Based on the feedback signal from the pressure sensor, the control system automatically calculates the required exhaust volume and sends a corresponding control signal to the third damper actuator 51. Upon receiving the signal, the actuator precisely drives the exhaust damper 5 to rotate to the designated position, achieving precise control of the exhaust volume. The third damper actuator 51 has the same technical specifications as the first damper actuator 21 and the second damper actuator 31, ensuring consistent control accuracy. The actuator's protection level is adapted to external environmental conditions, enabling long-term stable operation.

[0074] In this embodiment of the invention, by configuring a dedicated third air valve actuator 51, precise automatic control of the exhaust volume is achieved. This not only improves control accuracy but also enables coordinated control with other air valves. The electrical connection design between the third air valve actuator 51 and the electrical box 4 allows the exhaust control to be integrated with the control logic of the entire system, achieving unified intelligent control. This design also makes automatic optimization of the system possible; the control system can automatically adjust the exhaust strategy based on actual operating data to achieve the best balance between energy efficiency and comfort.

[0075] In an optional embodiment, the fan blades of the exhaust valve 5 hang down naturally by gravity and automatically open to relieve pressure when the indoor air pressure increases.

[0076] In this invention, the exhaust valve 5 is designed so that its fan blades hang naturally under gravity, automatically opening to relieve pressure when the indoor air pressure rises, thus providing a passive safety protection mechanism. This mechanical automatic pressure relief design does not rely on an electrical system and can still function even in the event of system failure or power outage, ensuring the reliability of air pressure safety.

[0077] Specifically, the exhaust damper 5 employs a gravity-balanced design. Under normal air pressure conditions, the fan blades naturally droop under gravity, closing the exhaust vent. When the indoor air pressure rises above a set threshold, the pressure difference overcomes the weight of the fan blades, pushing them upward to open and create an exhaust channel. The opening degree of the exhaust vent is directly proportional to the pressure difference; the higher the pressure, the greater the opening degree, and the corresponding increase in exhaust volume. When the air pressure returns to normal, the fan blades automatically close under gravity. This design offers a fast response time, typically starting to operate within seconds of a pressure change.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, an automatic gravity-based pressure relief design provides a safety protection mechanism independent of the electrical system, significantly improving the system's safety and reliability. This mechanical protection method is simple in structure, easy to maintain, and requires almost no additional maintenance, reducing system maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the gravity-based design features rapid response, reacting immediately to abnormal air pressure, buying time for other protective measures, and further enhancing the overall safety of the system.

[0079] In another optional embodiment, an exhaust fan is installed inside the exhaust valve 5, and the exhaust fan is turned on to perform forced ventilation by detecting the indoor air pressure.

[0080] In this invention, an exhaust fan is installed inside the exhaust valve 5, and the exhaust fan is activated by detecting the indoor air pressure to provide forced ventilation. This achieves active air pressure control, enabling forced ventilation even when gravity pressure relief is insufficient. The active ventilation capability of the exhaust fan ensures that the system maintains an appropriate air pressure level under various complex operating conditions.

[0081] Specifically, the exhaust fan is installed inside the exhaust valve 5 and features a low-noise, high-efficiency fan design. An air pressure detection system monitors indoor air pressure changes in real time. When the detected air pressure exceeds the set upper limit, the control system automatically starts the exhaust fan for forced ventilation. The exhaust fan's airflow can be adjusted according to the degree of air pressure deviation; the greater the deviation, the higher the exhaust fan speed and the greater the exhaust volume. The exhaust fan also has a frequency converter control function, enabling continuous airflow adjustment and ensuring stable air pressure control. The exhaust fan's start / stop control is linked to the air pressure threshold setting, featuring a high degree of automation and fast response.

[0082] In one specific embodiment, within a precision air conditioning system of a data center, the requirements for air pressure control are extremely stringent due to the large and frequent heat generation of the equipment. When a sudden increase in server load causes a significant increase in the fresh air volume of the air conditioning system, gravity depressurization alone is insufficient to balance the air pressure in time. At this point, the air pressure detection system immediately activates the exhaust fan, using forced ventilation to control the air pressure within a precision range of ±1 Pa within one minute. The variable frequency control of the exhaust fan can precisely adjust the exhaust volume according to actual needs, avoiding energy waste caused by excessive ventilation. This proactive control method ensures the stable operation of the data center and prevents the impact of air pressure fluctuations on precision equipment.

[0083] In related technologies, systems that rely solely on passive depressurization may not respond adequately to large changes in air pressure, especially in applications requiring rapid response and precise control, where the limitations of passive systems are quite apparent.

[0084] In this embodiment of the invention, active forced ventilation is achieved by setting up an exhaust fan, which not only improves the response speed and control accuracy of air pressure control, but also expands the applicability of the system. The frequency conversion control function of the exhaust fan allows the exhaust volume to be precisely adjusted according to actual needs, ensuring control effectiveness while avoiding unnecessary energy consumption. The combination of active ventilation and passive pressure relief constitutes a multi-layered protection mechanism, greatly improving the reliability and adaptability of the system and meeting the needs of various complex applications.

[0085] In some embodiments, the housing 1 includes a first housing 12 and a second housing 13, which are detachably connected; wherein, the return air valve 2 and the fresh air valve 3 are disposed on the first housing 12, and the exhaust air valve 5 is disposed on the second housing 13.

[0086] In this invention, by designing the housing 1 as a detachable connection structure comprising a first housing 12 and a second housing 13, and by mounting the return air valve 2 and the fresh air valve 3 on the first housing 12, and the exhaust air valve 5 on the second housing 13, a modular product design is achieved, improving the product's flexibility and applicability. This modular design allows users to choose whether to install the exhaust function according to their actual needs, reducing initial investment costs.

[0087] Specifically, the first housing 12, as the basic module, contains the core functional components of the economizer, namely the return air valve 2 and the fresh air valve 3, capable of independently regulating the mixing of fresh and return air. The second housing 13, as an expansion module, is specifically designed to install the exhaust air valve 5, providing air pressure balancing functionality. The two housings 1 are connected via a standardized interface, achieving a detachable connection through mechanical means such as bolts or clips. The connection interface is designed with sealing performance in mind, ensuring no air leakage at the connection point. The modular design also facilitates standardized production and inventory management; different application requirements can be met through module combinations.

[0088] In one specific embodiment, a chain store selected different configuration schemes based on the specific circumstances of each store during the air conditioning system renovation. For small stores with low air pressure control requirements, only the first housing 12 was installed, meeting the basic economizer function requirements and reducing investment costs by 30%. For large stores and locations with special requirements, both the first housing 12 and the second housing 13 were installed, achieving a complete functional configuration. This flexible configuration not only saved investment costs but also simplified product selection and improved project implementation efficiency.

[0089] In related technologies, while integrated product designs offer complete functionality, they are also costly and cannot be flexibly configured according to the user's actual needs. This leads to problems of functional overkill and cost waste in some applications where functional requirements are not high.

[0090] In this embodiment of the invention, the modular design enables flexible product configuration, allowing users to choose a suitable configuration based on their actual needs and budget. The modular design also facilitates future product upgrades; when a user needs to add ventilation functionality, they only need to purchase and install the second housing 13, without replacing the entire product. This design concept not only reduces user costs but also improves the product's market adaptability, meeting the needs of users at different levels.

[0091] In some embodiments, the electrical box 4 is disposed on the first housing 12, and the first housing 12 and the second housing 13 are provided with wire holes 14 for the third air valve actuator 51 to run into the electrical box 4.

[0092] In this invention, by placing the electrical box 4 on the first housing 12 and providing wiring holes 14 on the first housing 12 and the second housing 13, the wiring of the third damper actuator 51 can enter the electrical box 4, achieving unified control connection under modular design. This design ensures that even with a split structure, the entire system can maintain unified control logic and centralized management.

[0093] Specifically, the electrical box 4 is installed on the first housing 12, serving as the control center of the entire system and centrally housing control devices such as controllers and relays. A dedicated cable passage 14 is provided at the connection point between the first housing 12 and the second housing 13. The cable passage 14 is designed with sealing measures to prevent dust and moisture from entering. The control cable of the third damper actuator 51 is led out from the second housing 13 through the cable passage 14 and enters the electrical box 4 inside the first housing 12, connecting to the control system. The location of the cable passage 14 is designed with ease of installation and sealing performance in mind, ensuring a secure cable connection without affecting the overall sealing of the system. This design allows actuators distributed across different modules to be controlled uniformly, simplifying the complexity of the control system.

[0094] In one specific embodiment, a complete dual-module configuration was adopted in the air conditioning system of an office building. Through the ingenious design of the wiring hole 14, the third damper actuator 51 inside the second housing 13 can be reliably connected to the electrical box 4 inside the first housing 12, achieving unified control of the three damper actuators. Maintenance personnel only need to complete the debugging and fault diagnosis of all actuators at the electrical box 4 in the first housing 12, greatly simplifying maintenance work. The sealing design of the wiring hole 14 has withstood a year of operation without any air leakage or water ingress problems, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0095] In related technologies, split-type products often adopt a distributed control approach, with each module having its own independent control system. This not only increases costs but also complicates the coordination and control of the system, making maintenance relatively difficult.

[0096] In this embodiment of the invention, the through-hole 14 design enables unified control across modules, maintaining the flexibility of modular design while ensuring the centralization and simplicity of the control system. This design avoids the complexity and increased costs associated with distributed control, allowing modular products to offer the same control convenience as integrated products. Simultaneously, the standardized design of the through-hole 14 facilitates product manufacturing and installation, ensuring interchangeability and compatibility between different batches of products.

[0097] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a fresh air rain cover 6, connected to the housing 1 and covering the fresh air inlet; and an exhaust rain cover 7, connected to the housing 1 and covering the exhaust outlet.

[0098] In this invention, by setting a fresh air rain cover 6 and an exhaust rain cover 7 to cover the fresh air inlet and exhaust outlet respectively, the air outlets are effectively protected from rainwater intrusion, improving the environmental adaptability and service life of the equipment. The rain cover design not only prevents rainwater from directly entering the system, but also avoids problems such as equipment corrosion and electrical failures caused by rainwater.

[0099] Specifically, the fresh air rain cover 6 is installed on the outside of the fresh air inlet, employing an inclined or curved design to guide rainwater away from the inlet using gravity and airflow. The exhaust rain cover 7 is installed on the outside of the exhaust outlet, its design taking into account the influence of exhaust airflow to ensure that the exhaust effect is not affected while protecting the outlet. The rain cover is made of a highly weather-resistant material, capable of withstanding long-term ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes without aging. The structural design of the rain cover also considers ease of maintenance, allowing for easy disassembly for cleaning and inspection. The connection between the rain cover and the housing 1 uses a reliable mechanical connection method, capable of withstanding harsh weather conditions such as wind and rain.

[0100] In this embodiment of the invention, a specially designed rain cover effectively solves the problem of rainwater intrusion, greatly improving the environmental adaptability of the equipment. The design of the rain cover fully considers the characteristics and functional requirements of different air vents, ensuring both protective effect and without affecting the normal operation of the equipment. This protective design enables the external economizer to work stably under various climatic conditions, expanding the product's applicable geographical range and enhancing its market competitiveness.

[0101] In some embodiments, the return air valve 2 and the fresh air valve 3 are controlled in a coordinated manner, and the sum of the opening degrees of the two valves remains constant.

[0102] In this invention, by coordinating the control of the return air valve 2 and the fresh air valve 3, the total opening degree of the two valves remains constant, ensuring a stable total airflow into the air conditioning equipment and avoiding adverse effects on the operation of the air conditioning equipment and the indoor environment caused by airflow fluctuations. This coordinated control mechanism is a key technical feature for achieving the economizer function, ensuring energy-saving effects while maintaining the stability of system operation.

[0103] Specifically, the coordinated control system monitors the opening positions of the two dampers in real time. When the opening of one damper increases, the opening of the other damper decreases accordingly, ensuring that the total opening remains at the set value. The control algorithm uses proportional control to calculate the optimal damper opening allocation based on environmental conditions and energy-saving requirements. For example, when the total opening is set to 80%, if the opening of the fresh air damper 3 increases from 20% to 50%, the opening of the return air damper 2 will correspondingly decrease from 60% to 30%. This control method ensures a constant total airflow, avoiding the impact on the air conditioning equipment caused by airflow changes. The control system also has limit protection functions to prevent the dampers from exceeding their safe operating range.

[0104] In one specific embodiment, the economizer's coordinated control function played a crucial role in the variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning system of a high-end office building. When the outdoor temperature dropped from 35°C to 25°C, the system automatically increased the opening of the fresh air valve 3 from 10% to 70%, while simultaneously decreasing the opening of the return air valve 2 from 90% to 30%. Throughout the entire adjustment process, the total air volume remained at 8000 m³ / h. 3 Within a range of ±2% per hour, this precise and coordinated control not only ensures stable indoor temperature but also avoids interference with variable air volume (VAV) terminal equipment caused by airflow fluctuations. Through this control method, the system achieves energy savings of 25% while maintaining indoor comfort.

[0105] In related technologies, some economizers use independent control methods, with two air valves adjusted independently. This can easily cause fluctuations in the total air volume, which not only affects the stable operation of the air conditioning equipment but may also affect the comfort of the indoor environment. In particular, in variable air volume systems, fluctuations in air volume can affect the control accuracy of the entire system.

[0106] In this embodiment of the invention, a coordinated control mechanism ensures a constant total air volume, providing stable operating conditions for the air conditioning equipment. This control method not only improves energy efficiency but also guarantees system stability and indoor comfort. Coordinated control also provides a foundation for optimized system operation; the control system can continuously optimize control strategies based on actual operating data to achieve a better balance between energy efficiency and comfort.

[0107] like Figure 5 and 6 As shown, this application provides an air conditioning system including the aforementioned external economizer structure, which controls the opening degree of the return air valve 2 and the fresh air valve 3 according to the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor environments.

[0108] In this invention, by applying an external economizer structure to the air conditioning system and controlling the opening of the return air valve 2 and the fresh air valve 3 according to the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor environments, intelligent energy-saving operation of the air conditioning system is achieved, making full use of favorable outdoor environmental conditions to reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioning equipment. This system-level application allows the economizer technology to achieve maximum energy-saving effect, providing an effective technical means for building energy conservation.

[0109] Specifically, the air conditioning system integrates a temperature detection device to monitor indoor and outdoor temperatures in real time. The control system automatically calculates the optimal combination of air valve openings based on the temperature difference and the current operating mode (cooling or heating). In cooling mode, when the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the system increases the opening of the fresh air valve (valve 3) and decreases the opening of the return air valve (valve 2), using the low-temperature outside air for pre-cooling. In heating mode, when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the system similarly increases the opening of the fresh air valve (valve 3), using the high-temperature outside air for pre-heating. The control system also considers the magnitude of the temperature difference; the greater the temperature difference, the higher the proportion of fresh air, and the more significant the energy-saving effect. The system has a learning function, enabling it to optimize control strategies based on historical operating data.

[0110] In one specific embodiment, the air conditioning system includes a rooftop unit 8, which can be an evaporator. An external economizer structure is connected to the return air vent of the rooftop unit 8. Alternatively, the entire external economizer structure can be placed outside the rooftop unit 8, or the first housing can be built inside the rooftop unit 8, and the second housing can be placed outside the rooftop unit 8. The fresh air valve can be connected to the outside atmosphere through a duct, or it can be directly externally mounted.

[0111] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “” used herein may also indicate the inclusion of the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated, unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0112] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0113] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. An external economizer structure, characterized by, include: The housing (1) is connected to the return air duct (9). The housing (1) is provided with a return air channel. The housing (1) is provided with a return air inlet and a fresh air inlet that communicate with the return air channel. Return air valve (2) is installed at the return air inlet and is used to control the opening and closing of the return air inlet; Fresh air valve (3) is installed at the fresh air inlet and is used to control the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet; External fresh air enters the return air duct through the fresh air inlet.

2. The external economizer arrangement of claim 1, wherein, One end of the housing (1) is connected to the return air duct, and the other end is provided with a flange structure (11), which is used to connect the return air inlet.

3. The external economizer arrangement of claim 1, wherein, The return air valve (2) and the fresh air valve (3) are respectively equipped with a first valve actuator (21) and a second valve actuator (31).

4. The external economizer arrangement of claim 3, wherein, It also includes an electrical box (4), which is disposed on the housing (1) and is electrically connected to the first air valve actuator (21) and the second air valve actuator (31).

5. The external economizer arrangement of claim 4, wherein, The housing (1) is provided with an exhaust port communicating with the return air duct, and further includes: An exhaust valve (5) is installed at the exhaust port and is used to control the opening and closing of the exhaust port; The return air duct is depressurized through the exhaust vent.

6. The external economizer arrangement of claim 5, wherein, The exhaust valve (5) is equipped with a third valve actuator (51), which is electrically connected to the electrical box (4).

7. The external economizer arrangement of claim 5, wherein, The exhaust valve (5) has its blades hanging down naturally by gravity, and it automatically opens to relieve pressure when the indoor air pressure increases.

8. The external economizer arrangement of claim 5, wherein, An exhaust fan is installed inside the exhaust valve (5), and the exhaust fan is turned on to perform forced ventilation by detecting the indoor air pressure.

9. The external economizer arrangement of claim 6, wherein, The housing (1) includes a first housing (12) and a second housing (13), which are detachably connected; The return air valve (2) and the fresh air valve (3) are disposed on the first housing (12), and the exhaust air valve (5) is disposed on the second housing (13).

10. The external economizer arrangement of claim 9, wherein, The electrical box (4) is disposed on the first housing (12). The first housing (12) and the second housing (13) are provided with wire holes (14), which are used for the third air valve actuator (51) to run into the electrical box (4).

11. The external economizer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: A fresh air rain cover (6) is connected to the housing (1) and is placed over the fresh air inlet; The exhaust rain cover (7) is connected to the housing (1) and is placed over the exhaust port.

12. The external economizer arrangement of claim 3, wherein, The return air valve (2) and the fresh air valve (3) are controlled in a coordinated manner, and the total opening degree of the two valves remains constant.

13. An air conditioning system, characterized by, The external economizer structure, as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, controls the opening degree of the return air valve (2) and the fresh air valve (3) according to the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor environments.

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