A cascaded fire detector base with positioning and communication functions

Abstract

This utility model discloses a cascaded fire detector base with positioning and communication functions, including a base shell and a base circuit board. The base shell has built-in bus terminals, and the circuit board integrates an RJ45 network port, a memory, a switch chip, a network transformer, a network chip, a Bluetooth chip, a power chip, an RF switch, dual antennas, and LED indicators. The base connects to the fire alarm bus via the bus terminals to power the detector and provide an interface; it connects to an external PoE switch via the RJ45 network port to achieve network power supply. Network data is transmitted to the switch chip via the network transformer, and the network chip is connected to the switch chip via the transformer to achieve data forwarding. The Bluetooth chip controls the network chip, transmitting and receiving control and positioning information via TCP / IP. The power chip reduces the high-voltage DC to 3.3V to power each module and isolates interference through a ferrite bead. The Bluetooth chip connects to the RF switch to switch the dual antennas for data transmission and reception. All modules work together to achieve positioning, communication, and cascading functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fire detector technology, specifically to a cascaded fire detector base with positioning and communication functions. Background Technology

[0002] On April 29, 2024, the State issued the GB17945—2024 standard "Fire Emergency Lighting and Evacuation Guidance System", which made new provisions for emergency fire protection and required that emergency fire indicator lights can locate and report indoor personnel.

[0003] However, emergency fire indicator lights are generally installed in the corridors of the building, covering a relatively small area, while fire detectors are more densely distributed and are also installed in the rooms. The fire detectors are also fixed on the fire detector base.

[0004] However, existing fire detector bases lack positioning and communication functions, are not cascaded, and are inconvenient to install. Therefore, designing a fire detector base with positioning, data transmission, and easy expansion capabilities, without affecting existing fire detectors, is a reasonable solution for personnel location in emergency firefighting scenarios. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a mature and low-power radio frequency technology for positioning. TCP / IP offers high speed and high reliability. Therefore, designing a base with Bluetooth positioning and cascading capabilities allows for upgrading existing fire protection systems by laying network cables and replacing the base, achieving the goal of locating and reporting personnel indoors. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cascaded fire detector base with positioning and communication functions to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a cascaded fire detector base with positioning and communication functions, comprising a base shell and a base circuit board, wherein the base shell contains bus terminals, and the base circuit board is fixedly installed inside the base shell. The base circuit board includes an RJ45 network port, a memory, a switch chip, a network transformer, a network chip, a Bluetooth chip, a power chip, an RF switch, two antennas, and an LED indicator.

[0007] The base housing is connected to the fire alarm bus via bus terminals, providing an installation interface and power supply for the fire detector. The base circuit board connects to an external PoE switch via an RJ45 network port for network connection and power supply, establishing a physical path for TCP / IP and providing PoE power to the base circuit board. The RJ45 network port inside the circuit board is connected to the IP175G pin of the switch chip via a network transformer, enabling device cascading and data forwarding. The network chip W5500 is connected to the switch chip via a network transformer, ensuring a stable and reliable TCP / IP connection. The network chip provides TCP / IP services, enabling data upload from the internal circuit board. The memory is connected to the switch chip and Bluetooth chip via pins, storing the switch chip's configuration parameters. The network chip W5500 is controlled by the Bluetooth chip nRF52810 via pins. The Bluetooth chip receives control information from the server via TCP / IP and sends collected Bluetooth positioning information to the server. The network chip W5500 is connected to a crystal via pins. The power supply chip LM5009A... Connected to the RJ45 network port via pins, an external PoE power supply is introduced. The LM5009A power chip reduces the DC high voltage to 12V, and the TPS561201 power chip further reduces the 12V to 3.3V via pins, providing a 3.3V operating level for the Bluetooth chip, network chip, switch chip, memory, network transformer, RF switch, and LED indicators. The power supplies and ground of each chip are isolated via ferrite beads, effectively suppressing and isolating high-frequency noise and preventing mutual interference. The nRF52810 Bluetooth chip periodically transmits and receives Bluetooth signals. The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 is connected to the RF switch SKYA21001 via pins. The RF switch is connected to two antennas via pins. Under the control of the Bluetooth chip, the two antennas are used alternately to transmit and receive Bluetooth data. The two antennas are connected to the pins of the RF switch SKYA21001. The two antennas are located in different directions on the base circuit board, which can significantly increase the antenna coverage area. The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 controls LED indicators via pins to indicate the working status. The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 is connected to the crystal via pins.

[0008] Preferably, the fire protection bus supplies power to the fire detector through the bus terminals of the fire detector base, and the base housing can be used to fix the fire detector.

[0009] Preferably, the base circuit board establishes a network connection with an external PoE switch via an RJ45 network port and introduces PoE power provided by the switch.

[0010] Preferably, the IP175G pins of the switch chip are connected to the W5500 network chip and the RJ45 network port via a network transformer, providing cascading and data forwarding functions for the device.

[0011] Preferably, the network chip W5500 is connected to the Bluetooth chip and network transformer via pins to provide TCP / IP services and interact with the server via the control of the Bluetooth chip.

[0012] Preferably, the Bluetooth chip nRF52810 pins are connected to the RF switch SKYA21001 after passing through a filter capacitor and a filter inductor, providing a multi-antenna signal path selection function.

[0013] Preferably, the RF switch is connected to two antennas, and the RF switch SKYA21001 is controlled to turn on and off by a Bluetooth chip, so that the two antennas of the subsequent stage are used alternately to transmit and receive Bluetooth data.

[0014] Preferably, the antenna is installed in different directions on the base circuit board to ensure full coverage of the Bluetooth signal.

[0015] Preferably, the Bluetooth chip nRF52810 is connected to 32M and 32.768K crystals via pins, and the crystal pins are connected to matching capacitors respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the power pins and ground pins of each chip on the circuit board are isolated by ferrite beads, and the power pins are filtered out by capacitors.

[0017] Beneficial effects

[0018] This utility model provides a cascaded fire detector base with positioning and communication functions, which has the following advantages:

[0019] This cascaded fire detector base, featuring positioning and communication functions, consists of a base shell and a base circuit board. The circuit board is powered by an external PoE switch via a network port, while the other two network ports are used to cascade external devices of the same type. In addition to the functions of a regular fire detector base, it can also locate and report trapped personnel and firefighters during a fire. The device is cascaded, easy to install, easy to expand, and has minimal impact on the existing fire protection system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the RJ45 interface and network transformer of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the connection between the switch chip and the peripheral circuit of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the memory and the switch / Bluetooth chip of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the connection between the network chip and the peripheral circuitry of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the network chip control circuit of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the Bluetooth chip and radio frequency switch of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is the circuit diagram of the first-stage step-down PoE power supply of this utility model (12V output).

[0028] Figure 9 This is the circuit diagram of the two-stage step-down power supply of this utility model (3.3V output). Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] Please see Figure 1-9 This utility model provides a technical solution: a cascaded fire detector base with positioning and communication functions, including a base shell and a base circuit board. The base shell contains a bus terminal, and the base circuit board is fixedly installed inside the base shell. The base circuit board includes an RJ45 network port, a memory, a switch chip, a network transformer, a network chip, a Bluetooth chip, a power chip, an RF switch, two antennas, and an LED indicator.

[0034] The base casing connects to the fire alarm bus via bus terminals, providing an installation interface and power supply for the fire detector. The base circuit board connects to an external PoE switch via an RJ45 network port, establishing a physical path for TCP / IP and providing PoE power. The internal RJ45 network port connects to the IP175G pin of the switch chip via a network transformer, enabling device cascading and data forwarding. The W5500 network chip connects to the switch chip via a network transformer, ensuring a stable and reliable TCP / IP connection. The network chip provides TCP / IP services, enabling data upload to the internal circuit board. The memory connects to the switch chip and Bluetooth chip via pins, storing the switch chip's configuration parameters. The W5500 network chip is controlled by the nRF52810 Bluetooth chip via pins. The Bluetooth chip receives control information from the server via TCP / IP and sends collected Bluetooth location information to the server. The W5500 network chip connects to the crystal via pins. The LM5009A power chip connects to the crystal via... The pins connect to the RJ45 network port, introducing an external PoE power supply. The LM5009A power chip reduces the DC high voltage to 12V, and the TPS561201 power chip reduces the 12V to 3.3V via pins, providing a 3.3V operating level for the Bluetooth chip, network chip, switch chip, memory, network transformer, RF switch, and LED indicators. The power supplies and ground of each chip are isolated by ferrite beads, effectively suppressing and isolating high-frequency noise and preventing mutual interference. The nRF52810 Bluetooth chip periodically transmits and receives Bluetooth signals. The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 is connected to the RF switch SKYA21001 via pins. The RF switch is connected to two antennas via pins. Under the control of the Bluetooth chip, the two antennas are used alternately to transmit and receive Bluetooth data. The two antennas are connected to the pins of the RF switch SKYA21001. The two antennas are located in different directions on the base circuit board, which can significantly increase the antenna coverage area. The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 controls LED indicators via pins to indicate the working status. The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 is connected to the crystal via pins.

[0035] The fire protection bus supplies power to the fire detector through the bus terminals on the base of the fire detector, and the base housing can be used to fix the fire detector. The fire detector can be detachably and fixedly installed on the surface of the base housing.

[0036] The base circuit board establishes a network connection with an external PoE switch via an RJ45 network port and introduces PoE power provided by the switch.

[0037] The IP175G switch chip pins are connected to the W5500 network chip and RJ45 network port via a network transformer, providing cascading and data forwarding functions for the device.

[0038] The W5500 network chip connects to the Bluetooth chip and network transformer via pins, providing TCP / IP services and interacting with the server via the control of the Bluetooth chip.

[0039] The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 pins are connected to the RF switch SKYA21001 after passing through a filter capacitor and a filter inductor, providing a multi-antenna signal path selection function.

[0040] The RF switch is connected to two antennas. The RF switch SKYA21001 is controlled to turn on and off via a Bluetooth chip, and the two antennas in the subsequent stage are used alternately to transmit and receive Bluetooth data.

[0041] The antennas are mounted in different directions on the base circuit board to ensure full coverage of the Bluetooth signal.

[0042] The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 is connected to 32M and 32.768K crystals via pins, and the crystal pins are connected to matching capacitors respectively.

[0043] The power and ground pins of each chip on the circuit board are isolated by ferrite beads, and the power pins are filtered out by capacitors.

[0044] The external fire protection bus is connected to the base housing via terminals and installed and connected to the fire detector, providing physical and electrical connections for the fire detector.

[0045] See Figure 2 The base circuit board connects to an external PoE switch via an RJ45 network port to establish a TCP / IP physical path and provide power to the base circuit board.

[0046] Further, see Figure 2The pins TDP, TDN, RDP, and RDN of the RJ45 network ports J7, J6, and J5 on the circuit board are connected to the pins TX+, TX-, RX+, and RX- of the network transformers U14, U13, and U12, respectively, completing the connection of the differential signal pairs of network data between the network ports and the network transformers. Pins 4 and 5 of the RJ45 network ports J7, J6, and J5 are connected to the positive terminal of the PoE power supply, and pins 7 and 8 are connected to the negative terminal of the PoE power supply. The positive terminal of the power supply is introduced into the circuit board through a reverse connection protection diode and a ferrite bead. The PGND of the PoE power supply is isolated from the GND of the circuit board through the ferrite bead L3. The positive terminals of the LEDs inside the network ports are connected to pull-up resistors R123, R125, and R121, respectively, and the negative terminals of the LEDs are connected to pins 36, 35, and 32 of the IP175G switch chip, respectively, to indicate the network connection status with external devices. Pin 14 of Ethernet ports J7, J6, and J5 is an RJ45 metal shield, which is connected to the PGND of the circuit board via a 1nF / 2KV capacitor. The capacitor can filter out high-frequency noise from the Ethernet port and prevent electrostatic interference from being introduced into other circuits on the circuit board.

[0047] Pins CT4 and CT3 of network transformers U14, U13, and U12 are connected to the first terminal of capacitor C54 via resistors, and the second terminal of capacitor C54 is connected to PGND. Pins CT1 and CT2 of network transformer U14 are connected to grounding capacitor C125, pins CT1 and CT2 of U13 are connected to grounding capacitor C124, and pins CT1 and CT2 of U12 are connected to grounding capacitor C123.

[0048] Further, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The pins TD+, TD-, RD+, and RD- of network transformer U14 are connected to the pins RXIP1, RXIM1, TXOP1, and TXOM1 of switch chip IP175G. The pins TD+, TD-, RD+, and RD- of network transformer U13 are connected to the pins RXIP2, RXIM2, TXOP2, and TXOM2 of switch chip U20. The pins TD+, TD-, RD+, and RD- of network transformer U12 are connected to the pins RXIP4, RXIM4, TXOP4, and TXOM4 of switch chip U20, thus realizing the connection of differential pair signals between the network transformers and the switch chips.

[0049] The IP175G switch chip is used for data forwarding and physical connections between devices. (See also...) Figure 3 The switch chip U20 has pull-down resistors connected to pins 5, 29, and 30, a pull-up resistor connected to pin 28, and an external RC reset circuit connected to pin 26.

[0050] The U20 switch chip has PLL power pin 7, analog power pins 12, 18 and 48, internal LDO power input pin 42, external filter capacitors and energy storage capacitors, and is isolated from VCC_3V3 by resistor R105.

[0051] Digital power pin 34 is isolated from VCC_3V3 through resistor R106, and is connected to an external filter capacitor and energy storage capacitor.

[0052] The internal LDO power output pin 41 is directly connected to the analog power supply and digital main power supply pins 13, 43, 27, and 40 via ferrite bead isolation. Each pin is connected to an external filter capacitor.

[0053] The switch chip has pins 23 and 24 connected to an external crystal, with matching resistors connected between the pins and matching capacitors connected to the crystal.

[0054] Further, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 Pins 6 and 5 of the memory U11 are connected to pins 38 and 39 of the IP175G switch chip, and also to pins P0.16 and P0.17 of the Bluetooth chip U4. The memory stores the configuration parameters of the switch chip, which can directly read the configuration via the I2C interface. The main controller nRF52810 can also modify the configuration. Pin 5 of the memory is connected to a pull-up resistor, pin 8 is connected to the power supply VCC_3V3, and pins 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 are connected to GND.

[0055] Further, see Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The network transformer 11FB-05NL is connected between the network chip W5500 and the switch chip IP175G to ensure stable and reliable network communication.

[0056] The TD+ and TD- pins of network transformer U6 are connected to pull-up resistors R33 and R34 respectively, and are also connected to the TXP and TXN pins of network chip U5. The CT1 pin of U6 is connected to pull-up resistor R32 and grounding capacitor C39. The RD+ and RD- pins of network transformer U6 are connected to the first terminals of capacitors C40 and C41 respectively. The second terminals of C40 and C41 are connected to the RXP and RXN pins of network chip U5. At the same time, the second terminals of C40 and C41 are connected to the first terminals of resistors R38 and R37 respectively. The CT2 pin of U6 and the second terminals of resistors R38 and R37 are both connected to the first terminal of capacitor C42, and the second terminal of capacitor C42 is grounded.

[0057] Further, see Figure 5 and Figure 7The network chip W5500 provides TCP / IP services and connects to the Bluetooth chip nRF52810 via a serial port. The pins SCSn, SCLK, MISO, MOSI, INTn, and RSTn of the network chip U6 are connected to the pins P0.08, P0.05 / AIN3, P0.04 / AIN2, P0.03 / AIN1, P0.12, and P0.11 of the Bluetooth chip U4, respectively, to realize the interconnection, interrupt wake-up, and reset functions of the network chip and the Bluetooth chip.

[0058] Pins 4, 8, 11, 15, 17 and 21 of the network chip U6 are AVDD pins, all connected to a 3V3A power supply, and each connected to a filter capacitor.

[0059] Pin 28 of the network chip U6 is the AVDD pin, which is connected to the 3V3D power supply and to the filter capacitor C27 and the energy storage capacitor C26.

[0060] The AGND and GND pins of the network chip U6 are both connected to the power supply GND.

[0061] The network chip U6 has a 12.4K pull-down resistor R20 connected to pin 10 EXRES1, a 4.7uF external reference capacitor connected to pin 20 TOCAP, and a 10nF capacitor connected to pin 1V2O.

[0062] The RSVD pins 23, 39, 40, 41, and 42 of the network chip U6 are all connected to the power supply GND through pull-down resistors. The pins SCSn, INTn, RSTn, PMODE2, PMODE1, and PMODE0 are all connected to the power supply 3V3D through pull-up resistors. The pins XI / CLKIN and XO are connected to the crystal, and the crystal is connected to a matching capacitor.

[0063] See Figure 7 The Bluetooth chip acts as the main controller on the base circuit board, sending and receiving Bluetooth information, receiving control information sent by the server via TCP / IP, and sending the collected Bluetooth positioning information to the server.

[0064] Further, see Figure 7 The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 connects to the network chip via a serial port, connects to the 32.768K crystal via pins P0.00 / XL1 and P0.01 / XL2, and connects to the 32M crystal via pins XC1 and XC2. Each pin of the two crystals is connected to a matching capacitor to ensure stable operation of the crystals and provide the Bluetooth chip with a precise operating frequency.

[0065] The two VDD pins of the Bluetooth chip U4 are connected to filter capacitors C21 and C25 respectively. Pins DEC1, DEC2 and DEC4 are connected to grounding capacitors C20, C17 and C16 respectively. Pin P0.15 is connected to an LED indicator to indicate the working status.

[0066] Further, see Figure 7 The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 is connected to the first terminal of inductor L9 via pin ANT. The second terminal of inductor L9 is connected to the first terminal of inductor L10 and the first terminal of capacitor C24. The second terminal of inductor L10 is connected to the RF signal input pin J1 of the RF switch SKYA21001, and the second terminal of capacitor C24 is grounded. Inductors L9 and L10 and capacitor C24 form an impedance matching network, matching the output impedance of the antenna circuit to the standard 50Ω, reducing Bluetooth signal reflection and improving transmission efficiency.

[0067] Furthermore, the P0.14 and P0.18 pins of the Bluetooth chip U4 are connected to the V1 and V2 pins of the RF switch U7 via resistors R39 and R40. Each of the V1 and V2 pins is connected to a filter capacitor. The Bluetooth chip controls the switching of the RF switch through the P0.14 and P0.18 pins.

[0068] Pins J2 and J3 of the RF switch SKYA21001 are connected to the two antennas of the system, respectively, and pin GND of the RF switch U7 is connected to the system GND. The two antennas cover two directions respectively, increasing the coverage area of ​​a single device antenna.

[0069] See Figure 8 and Figure 9 The LM5009A power chip steps down the DC high voltage to 12V, while the TPS561201 power chip steps down the 12V voltage to 3.3V, providing a 3.3V operating level for the network chip, Bluetooth chip, network transformer, and LED indicators. The VIN and RTN pins of the LM5009A power chip are connected to the VDD and RTN pins of the PD controller, serving as the input power for the LM5009A. After conversion, the output power voltage is 12V. The VIN and EN pins of the TPS56120 power chip are connected to the 12V output power of the LM5009 power chip, serving as the input power for the TPS56120. After conversion, the power voltage is also reduced to 3.3V. This two-stage power conversion effectively improves power conversion efficiency.

[0070] The critical power supplies and grounds of each chip are isolated by ferrite beads, which can effectively suppress and isolate high-frequency noise and prevent mutual interference.

[0071] This invention not only fixes the fire detector but also enables Bluetooth positioning with extremely low power consumption, allowing for precise location of people seeking refuge in a fire and firefighters entering homes to fight the fire. It also transmits data back via TCP / IP, ensuring reliable communication, high real-time positioning, and the ability to cascade the devices for easy installation and expansion, while having minimal impact on the existing fire protection system.

[0072] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The fire detector base is installed on the roof to fix the fire detector. The bus terminals on the base shell are connected to the fire protection bus to power the fire detector. The fire detector base contains a circuit board, which is powered by an external PoE switch through the network port. The other two network ports are used to cascade external devices of the same type. The Bluetooth chip acts as the main controller, receiving control information sent by the server and displaying the current working status through LED indicators. At the same time, it periodically sends Bluetooth broadcast information, receives Bluetooth broadcast information from mobile devices entering the positioning area, and uploads the received data to the cloud server. The server database contains preset maps and Bluetooth module binding information. The collected data is processed by the positioning algorithm to calculate the floor and coordinates of the mobile device, which are displayed on the server map platform and the mobile terminal to achieve personnel positioning. The Bluetooth signal coverage is increased by setting up two antennas.

[0073] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this utility model only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this utility model. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0074] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cascading fire detector base having location and communication functions, comprising a base housing and a base circuit board, characterized by: The base housing contains bus terminals, and the base circuit board is fixedly installed inside the base housing. The base circuit board includes an RJ45 network port, a memory, a switch chip, a network transformer, a network chip, a Bluetooth chip, a power chip, an RF switch, two antennas, and an LED indicator. The base housing is connected to the fire alarm bus via bus terminals, providing an installation interface and power supply for the fire detector. The base circuit board connects to an external PoE switch via an RJ45 network port for network connection and power supply, establishing a physical path for TCP / IP and providing PoE power to the base circuit board. The RJ45 network port inside the circuit board is connected to the IP175G pin of the switch chip via a network transformer, enabling device cascading and data forwarding. The network chip W5500 is connected to the switch chip via a network transformer, ensuring a stable and reliable TCP / IP connection. The network chip provides TCP / IP services, enabling data upload from the internal circuit board. The memory is connected to the switch chip and Bluetooth chip via pins, storing the switch chip's configuration parameters. The network chip W5500 is controlled by the Bluetooth chip nRF52810 via pins. The Bluetooth chip receives control information from the server via TCP / IP and sends collected Bluetooth positioning information to the server. The network chip W5500 is connected to a crystal via pins. The power supply chip LM5009A... Connected to the RJ45 network port via pins, an external PoE power supply is introduced. The LM5009A power chip reduces the DC high voltage to 12V, and the TPS561201 power chip further reduces the 12V to 3.3V via pins, providing a 3.3V operating level for the Bluetooth chip, network chip, switch chip, memory, network transformer, RF switch, and LED indicators. The power supplies and ground of each chip are isolated via ferrite beads, effectively suppressing and isolating high-frequency noise and preventing mutual interference. The nRF52810 Bluetooth chip periodically transmits and receives Bluetooth signals. The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 is connected to the RF switch SKYA21001 via pins. The RF switch is connected to two antennas via pins. Under the control of the Bluetooth chip, the two antennas are used alternately to transmit and receive Bluetooth data. The two antennas are connected to the pins of the RF switch SKYA21001. The two antennas are located in different directions on the base circuit board, which can significantly increase the antenna coverage area. The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 controls LED indicators via pins to indicate the working status. The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 is connected to the crystal via pins.

2. The base of claim 1, wherein: The fire protection bus supplies power to the fire detector through the bus terminals on the fire detector base, and the base housing can be used to fix the fire detector.

3. The cascaded fire detector base with positioning and communication functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base circuit board establishes a network connection with an external PoE switch via an RJ45 network port and introduces PoE power provided by the switch.

4. The base of claim 1, wherein: The IP175G pins of the switch chip are connected to the W5500 network chip and the RJ45 network port via a network transformer, providing cascading and data forwarding functions for the device.

5. The base of claim 1, wherein: The network chip W5500 is connected to the Bluetooth chip and network transformer via pins, providing TCP / IP services and interacting with the server through the control of the Bluetooth chip.

6. The base of claim 1, wherein: The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 pins are connected to the RF switch SKYA21001 after passing through a filter capacitor and a filter inductor, providing a multi-antenna signal path selection function.

7. The base of claim 1, wherein: The radio frequency switch is connected to two antennas. The SKYA21001 radio frequency switch is controlled to turn on and off via a Bluetooth chip, and the two antennas are used alternately to transmit and receive Bluetooth data.

8. The base of claim 1, wherein: The antennas are mounted in different directions on the base circuit board to ensure full coverage of the Bluetooth signal.

9. The base of claim 1, wherein: The Bluetooth chip nRF52810 is connected to 32M and 32.768K crystals via pins, and the crystal pins are connected to matching capacitors respectively.

10. The base of claim 1, wherein: The power and ground pins of each chip on the circuit board are isolated by ferrite beads, and the power pins are filtered out by capacitors.

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