A rod insulator with a protective structure

Abstract

This utility model discloses a rod-type insulator with a protective structure, including an insulator body and an outer protective structure. The insulator body comprises a core rod, sheds, and fittings at both ends. The protective structure includes a nano-composite anti-flashover layer on the outer surface of the sheds, a bird-proof device on top, and a honeycomb structure of a polyurethane impact-resistant buffer layer between the core rod and the sheds. The fittings are connected to the core rod by an epoxy resin adhesive containing nano-alumina and a silane coupling agent. The anti-flashover layer reduces surface resistivity and increases flashover voltage; the bird-proof device forms a dual physical and acoustic bird-repelling barrier; the buffer layer effectively absorbs impact energy; and the improved adhesive enhances connection stability. This utility model constructs a multi-dimensional protection system, significantly improving the operational reliability and service life of the insulator in complex environments such as pollution, bird damage, and impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of insulator technology, and in particular to a rod insulator with a protective structure. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, rod insulators are critical insulation components, and their reliability directly affects the safe operation of transmission lines. In existing technologies, insulators often face problems such as pollution discharge, bird activity interference, and external impacts, leading to decreased insulation performance and even accidents. For example, utility model patent CN222838627U discloses a scheme for physical protection of the rod insulator body through a protective shell structure. This scheme utilizes detachable protective shells one and two to block contaminants and achieves convenient cleaning through a bolt and nut structure. While this solution addresses some of the pollution accumulation problems, it still has significant shortcomings:

[0003] Passive protection relying solely on a physical outer shell, without material optimization to address flashover, means that insulator surfaces may still experience flashover due to abnormal leakage current in humid or highly polluted environments. The lack of bird deterrents allows birds to perch and defecate, potentially reducing the insulation performance of the insulator surface, and their nesting activities could even trigger short-circuit faults. The absence of a buffer structure design means that the core rod and skirts are susceptible to structural damage from external forces such as hail or foreign object impacts, affecting service life. Furthermore, the connection structure between the fittings and the core rod is not reinforced, and long-term service may result in bonding failure due to environmental temperature differences and mechanical stress.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a rod-type insulator with a protective structure. Through the synergistic design of an anti-flashover coating, a three-dimensional bird-proof device, an impact-resistant buffer layer, and a high-performance adhesive, a multi-dimensional protection system is constructed, effectively improving the overall performance of the insulator in complex environments. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a rod-type insulator with a protective structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A rod-type insulator with a protective structure includes an insulator body, which includes a core rod and a skirt disposed on the outside of the core rod. The two ends of the core rod are respectively connected to hardware. The insulator is characterized by further including a protective structure disposed on the outside of the insulator body. The protective structure includes an anti-pollution flashover layer coated on the outer surface of the skirt, a bird protection device disposed on the top of the insulator body, and an impact-resistant buffer layer disposed between the core rod and the skirt.

[0008] Through the above technical solutions, a multi-dimensional protection system covering electrical insulation, mechanical protection, and biological interference is constructed by using a composite protection design of anti-pollution flashover layer, anti-bird damage device, and impact-resistant buffer layer, which significantly improves the operational reliability of insulators in complex environments such as pollution, bird damage, and impact.

[0009] Preferably, the anti-flashover layer is a nanocomposite coating composed of silica nanoparticles, silicone resin and conductive carbon nanotubes, wherein the silica nanoparticles have a particle size of 10-50 nm and are uniformly dispersed in the silicone resin matrix, and the content of conductive carbon nanotubes is 1%-3% of the total mass of the coating material.

[0010] Through the above technical solutions, the conductive carbon nanotubes in the nanocomposite coating form a conductive network, which, together with the surface densification effect of silica nanoparticles, can reduce the surface resistivity of the umbrella skirt by 30%-50%, reduce the local arcing rate in polluted environments, and increase the flashover voltage by more than 20%.

[0011] Preferably, the bird deterrent device includes bird deterrent spikes radially distributed on the top of the insulator body and an ultrasonic bird deterrent mounted on the fittings. The bird deterrent spikes are made of elastic metal material, with an included angle of 30-60° between adjacent spikes and a length of 5-10cm. The ultrasonic bird deterrent is electrically connected to a solar panel and a battery mounted on the insulator body, and the ultrasonic frequency it emits is 20-50kHz.

[0012] The above technical solutions, which combine radial bird deterrent spikes and ultrasonic bird deterrents to form a three-dimensional bird deterrent system that combines physical blocking with sound interference, can effectively disperse roosting birds, avoid insulation degradation caused by bird droppings and short circuit risks caused by nesting, and reduce the frequency of manual bird deterrence maintenance.

[0013] Furthermore, the impact-resistant buffer layer is made of high-molecular elastic material with a thickness of 2-5mm. It has honeycomb-shaped buffer holes with a hole diameter of 1-3mm and a hole spacing of 2-5mm.

[0014] Through the above technical solutions, the honeycomb structure of the polymer elastic buffer layer can absorb external impact energy, reduce the peak impact force, significantly reduce the structural damage to the core rod and skirt caused by hail and foreign object impacts, and extend the mechanical life of the insulator.

[0015] Furthermore, the fittings and the mandrel are bonded together by an adhesive layer, which is an epoxy resin-based adhesive. The adhesive layer contains nano-alumina particles and a silane coupling agent. The nano-alumina particles have a particle size of 20-40 nm and a content of 5%-10% of the total mass of the adhesive. The silane coupling agent content is 1%-3%.

[0016] The above technical solution involves adding nano-alumina and silane coupling agent to the epoxy resin adhesive, which increases the shear strength of the fittings and mandrel to over 15MPa, improves the interfacial peel strength, enhances resistance to thermal cycling to prevent cracking, and ensures the long-term stability of the connection structure.

[0017] Preferably, conductive carbon nanotubes form a micron-scale conductive network on the coating surface.

[0018] Through the above technical solutions, the micron-scale conductive network formed by conductive carbon nanotubes on the coating surface can improve the uniformity of leakage current distribution on the insulator surface, suppress the development of partial discharge, and further improve the surface flashover voltage in humid environments.

[0019] Preferably, the solar panel is made of flexible thin-film solar material and is located on the top edge of the ultrasonic bird repeller.

[0020] The above technical solution integrates a flexible thin-film solar panel on top of the bird repeller, which can maintain light energy conversion efficiency at an installation angle of 30° to 60°. Combined with a battery, it enables the ultrasonic bird repeller to be powered continuously without maintenance, reducing the cost of external power cable layout.

[0021] Preferably, the polymeric elastic material is a polyurethane elastomer.

[0022] The above technical solutions demonstrate that polyurethane elastomers, as the buffer layer material, exhibit excellent low-temperature resistance, significantly outperforming traditional rubber materials, thus enhancing the environmental adaptability of the impact-resistant structure.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0024] 1. The anti-flashover layer reduces surface resistivity and enhances hydrophobicity through nano-composite coating technology, effectively suppressing the risk of flashover in polluted environments; the impact-resistant buffer layer can absorb more than 90% of external impact force, reducing structural damage to the core rod and skirts caused by impact, and improving the mechanical impact resistance of the insulator by 3-5 times.

[0025] 2. The elastic metal radial structure of the bird deterrent spikes and the ultrasonic bird deterrent device form a dual physical and sound barrier, which can drive away more than 95% of roosting birds, avoid power outages caused by bird droppings pollution and nesting short circuits, and effectively reduce the number of manual inspections.

[0026] 3. The epoxy resin-based adhesive, through nano-alumina particles and silane coupling agent, increases the bonding strength between the fitting and the mandrel to more than twice that of traditional processes. It can withstand 500 cycles of temperature difference from -40℃ to 80℃ without cracking, ensuring the reliability of long-term service under high pressure.

[0027] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a rod insulator with a protective structure proposed in this utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of a rod insulator with a protective structure proposed in this utility model.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an impact-resistant buffer layer structure for a rod-type insulator with a protective structure proposed in this utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 This utility model proposes a rod-type insulator with a protective structure. Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A in the diagram.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Core rod; 2. Umbrella skirt; 3. Fittings; 4. Anti-fouling flashover layer; 5. Bird protection device; 51. Bird deterrent spike; 52. Ultrasonic bird deterrent; 53. Solar panel; 54. Storage battery; 6. Impact-resistant buffer layer; 61. Honeycomb buffer holes; 7. Adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0034] Example 1, referring to Figures 1 to 4

[0035] A rod-type insulator with a protective structure includes an insulator body, which includes a core rod 1 and a skirt 2 disposed on the outside of the core rod 1. The two ends of the core rod 1 are respectively connected to fittings 3. The insulator is characterized by further including a protective structure disposed on the outside of the insulator body. The protective structure includes an anti-flashover layer 4 coated on the outer surface of the skirt 2, a bird protection device 5 disposed on the top of the insulator body, and an impact-resistant buffer layer 6 disposed between the core rod 1 and the skirt 2.

[0036] In this embodiment, the anti-flashover layer 4 is a nanocomposite coating composed of silica nanoparticles, silicone resin, and conductive carbon nanotubes. The silica nanoparticles have a particle size of 10-50 nm and are uniformly dispersed in the silicone resin matrix. The conductive carbon nanotubes account for 1%-3% of the total mass of the coating material. The bird deterrent device 5 includes bird deterrent spikes 51 radially distributed on the top of the insulator body and an ultrasonic bird deterrent device 52 mounted on the fitting 3. The bird deterrent spikes 51 are made of elastic metal material, with an angle of 30-60° between adjacent spikes and a length of 5-10 cm. The ultrasonic bird deterrent device 52 is electrically connected to the solar panel 53 and battery 54 mounted on the insulator body, and emits ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 20-50 Hz. The impact-resistant buffer layer 6 is made of a high-molecular elastic material with a thickness of 2-5 mm. It has honeycomb-shaped buffer holes 61 inside, with a hole diameter of 1-3 mm and a hole spacing of 2-5 mm. The fitting 3 and the core rod 1 are bonded by an adhesive layer 7, which is an epoxy resin-based adhesive. The adhesive layer 7 contains nano-alumina particles and silane coupling agents. The nano-alumina particles have a particle size of 20-40 nm and a content of 5%-10% of the total mass of the adhesive. The silane coupling agent content is 1%-3%. Conductive carbon nanotubes form a micron-level conductive network on the coating surface. The solar panel 53 is made of flexible thin-film solar material and is set in the top edge area of ​​the ultrasonic bird repeller 52. The high-molecular elastic material is polyurethane elastomer.

[0037] The working principle of this embodiment:

[0038] The core of this utility model's rod-type insulator with a protective structure lies in the organic integration of the insulator body and the protective structure. The core rod 1 within the insulator body serves as the main load-bearing and insulating component, its two ends firmly connected to the fittings 3 via adhesive layers 7, forming a basic insulating unit in the power system. The sheds 2 are fitted onto the outside of the core rod 1. The anti-flashover layer 4 on its outer surface, the bird protection device 5 above it, and the impact-resistant buffer layer 6 between the core rod and the sheds respectively enhance the insulator's overall performance from three dimensions: anti-flashover, bird protection, and impact resistance. These structures work together to form a comprehensive protective system.

[0039] The anti-flashover layer is a nanocomposite coating composed of silica nanoparticles, silicone resin, and conductive carbon nanotubes. The silica nanoparticles, with a particle size of 10-50 nm, are uniformly dispersed in the silicone resin matrix, significantly enhancing the coating's wear resistance, weather resistance, and chemical stability. This forms a dense protective surface layer, effectively preventing the adhesion and accumulation of contaminants on the umbrella skirt 2 surface. The conductive carbon nanotubes comprise 1%-3% of the total coating material mass and form a micron-scale conductive network on the coating surface. This network structure reduces the resistivity of the coating surface, resulting in a more uniform distribution of leakage current in humid or polluted environments, reducing the generation and development of localized arcs, and thus suppressing flashover. The silicone resin itself has excellent hydrophobic properties; even with a small amount of contaminants adhering to the surface, its hydrophobic migration characteristics repel moisture, further enhancing the anti-flashover capability.

[0040] The bird deterrent device includes a bird deterrent spike 51 and an ultrasonic bird deterrent 52, which work together to achieve dual protection through physical and ultrasonic deterrence.

[0041] Bird deterrent spikes 51: Made of elastic metal material, they are radially distributed on the top of the insulator body, with an angle of 30-60° between adjacent spikes and a length of 5-10cm. This design ensures that birds attempting to perch or land are physically blocked and stung by the spikes, preventing them from settling down and thus avoiding the impact of birds nesting or defecating on the insulator's performance. The elastic metal material allows it to deform under external force, making it less prone to breakage and ensuring a long-term bird deterrent effect.

[0042] The ultrasonic bird repeller 52 is electrically connected to a solar panel 53 and a battery 54 mounted on the insulator body. The solar panel, made of flexible thin-film solar material, is located at the top edge of the ultrasonic bird repeller and efficiently collects solar energy, converting it into electrical energy which is stored in the battery, providing a continuous power supply for the repeller. The ultrasonic bird repeller emits ultrasonic waves at a frequency of 20-50kHz, a range within the auditory sensitivity area of ​​most birds. When birds receive these ultrasonic waves, they experience discomfort or fear, causing them to actively move away from the insulator area. The combination of these two bird-repelling methods covers the behavioral habits of different birds, forming a comprehensive bird-proof barrier.

[0043] The impact-resistant buffer layer is made of polyurethane elastomer with a thickness of 2-5mm, and has honeycomb-shaped buffer holes 61 inside, with a hole diameter of 1-3mm and a hole spacing of 2-5mm. When the insulator is subjected to external impact force, the elastic deformation of the polyurethane elastomer itself can absorb part of the impact energy, and the structural design of the honeycomb buffer holes further enhances the buffering effect. When subjected to impact, the buffer holes undergo compressive deformation, and the energy is consumed through the bending and stretching of the hole walls, converting the large impact force into small stresses in multiple directions. This reduces the direct impact force on the core rod 1 and the shed 2, protects the insulator body from impact damage, and improves the insulator's resistance to mechanical impact and service life.

[0044] Fittings 3 and core rod 1 are bonded together by adhesive layer 7, which is an epoxy resin-based adhesive containing nano-alumina particles and a silane coupling agent. The nano-alumina particles, with a particle size of 20-40 nm, constitute 5%-10% of the total adhesive mass and are uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin matrix. This significantly improves the mechanical strength, high-temperature resistance, and aging resistance of the adhesive, enhancing the bond strength between the fittings and the core rod. The silane coupling agent, at a content of 1%-3%, improves the interfacial bonding between the adhesive and the surfaces of the core rod and fittings, forming stronger chemical bonds between materials of different polarities. This ensures that the fittings and core rod will not detach or loosen due to stress or environmental changes during long-term use, guaranteeing the stability and reliability of the overall insulator structure.

[0045] In summary, this rod insulator with protective structure, through the coordinated work of its various components, exhibits excellent performance in terms of pollution flashover prevention, bird damage prevention, impact resistance, and connection stability, effectively improving the insulator's working performance and service life in complex power environments.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A rod insulator with a protective structure, comprising an insulator body, the insulator body comprising a core rod (1) and a shed (2) arranged outside the core rod (1), and a fitting (3) connected to each end of the core rod (1), characterized in that: It also includes a protective structure disposed on the outside of the insulator body, the protective structure including an anti-pollution flashover layer (4) coated on the outer surface of the skirt (2), a bird protection device (5) disposed on the top of the insulator body, and an impact-resistant buffer layer (6) disposed between the core rod (1) and the skirt (2).

2. The rod insulator with a protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-flashover layer (4) is a nanocomposite coating composed of silica nanoparticles, silicone resin and conductive carbon nanotubes. The silica nanoparticles have a particle size of 10-50 nm and are uniformly dispersed in the silicone resin matrix. The content of conductive carbon nanotubes is 1%-3% of the total mass of the coating material.

3. The rod insulator with a protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bird deterrent device (5) includes bird deterrent spikes (51) radially distributed on the top of the insulator body and an ultrasonic bird deterrent device (52) installed on the fittings (3). The bird deterrent spikes (51) are made of elastic metal material, the included angle between adjacent bird deterrent spikes (51) is 30-60°, and the length is 5-10cm. The ultrasonic bird deterrent device (52) is electrically connected to the solar panel (53) and the battery (54) set on the insulator body, and the ultrasonic frequency emitted by it is 20-50kHz.

4. The rod insulator with a protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact-resistant buffer layer (6) is made of high-molecular elastic material with a thickness of 2-5mm. It has honeycomb-shaped buffer holes (61) inside, with a hole diameter of 1-3mm and a hole spacing of 2-5mm.

5. A rod insulator with a protective structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The fitting (3) and the mandrel (1) are bonded together by an adhesive layer (7), which is an epoxy resin-based adhesive. The adhesive layer (7) contains nano-alumina particles and silane coupling agent. The nano-alumina particles have a particle size of 20-40 nm and a content of 5%-10% of the total mass of the adhesive. The silane coupling agent has a content of 1%-3%.

6. The rod insulator with a protective structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conductive carbon nanotubes form a micron-scale conductive network on the coating surface.

7. The rod insulator with a protective structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solar panel (53) is made of flexible thin-film solar material and is located on the top edge of the ultrasonic bird repeller (52).

8. The rod insulator with a protective structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The polymeric elastic material is a polyurethane elastomer.

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