End cap assembly, energy storage device and power supply system

Abstract

This application provides an end cap assembly, an energy storage device, and a power supply system. The end cap assembly includes an end cap, an explosion-proof valve, a lower insulating member, and a support plate. The end cap has an explosion-proof hole penetrating the end cap along its thickness direction. The explosion-proof valve covers the explosion-proof hole. The lower insulating member is disposed on one side of the end cap and has a first surface and a second surface. The lower insulating member has a groove located on the first surface and at least partially opposite to the explosion-proof valve, and its sidewalls and bottom walls are provided with vent holes. The support plate is at least partially disposed in the groove. The support plate includes a main body and a guide portion. The main body has a through hole. The guide portion is inclined to the main body and is disposed close to the through hole. The orthographic projection of the guide portion on the surface of the main body facing the end cap at least partially overlaps with the through hole. The guide portion extends along the length direction of the end cap. The guide portion has a third surface and a fourth surface disposed opposite to each other in its thickness direction. The plane containing the third surface passes through the explosion-proof hole, and the plane containing the fourth surface also passes through the explosion-proof hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to an end cap assembly, an energy storage device, and a power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of energy storage technology, secondary batteries, also known as rechargeable batteries or accumulators, are batteries that can be reactivated by charging after discharge and continue to be used. When thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell, the temperature inside the cell rises and partially melts the plastic, which may cause the cell assembly to shift towards the side closer to the end cap. The cell assembly may block the explosion-proof valve, hindering the battery's venting and making it difficult to release pressure in time. This increases the probability of the secondary battery exploding, posing a safety hazard in its use. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, this application provides an end cap assembly, an energy storage device, and a power supply system. When the end cap assembly is applied to the energy storage device, it has a high exhaust efficiency and can increase the ejection distance of carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, reduce the probability of carbonized debris being ignited, and make the energy storage device have high safety performance.

[0004] This application provides an end cap assembly, which includes an end cap, an explosion-proof valve, a lower insulating member, and a support plate. The end cap has an explosion-proof hole that penetrates the end cap along its thickness direction. The explosion-proof valve is installed on the end cap and covers the explosion-proof hole. The lower insulating member is disposed on one side of the end cap and has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly. The first surface is closer to the end cap. The lower insulating member has a groove located on the first surface and at least partially opposite to the explosion-proof valve. The sidewall and bottom wall of the groove are provided with vent holes. The support plate at least partially... The support plate is disposed separately within the groove; the support plate includes a main body and a guide portion. The main body has a through hole, and the guide portion is disposed on the side of the main body facing the end cap and is inclined to the main body. The guide portion is disposed close to the through hole, and the orthographic projection of the guide portion on the surface of the main body facing the end cap at least partially overlaps with the through hole. The guide portion extends along a first direction, which is the length direction of the end cap. Along the thickness direction of the guide portion, the guide portion has a third surface and a fourth surface disposed opposite to each other. The plane containing the third surface passes through the explosion-proof hole, and the plane containing the fourth surface passes through the explosion-proof hole.

[0005] Furthermore, the explosion-proof hole has a center line, and along the second direction, the maximum distance between the center line and the hole wall of the explosion-proof hole is L1, where the second direction is the width direction of the end cap; along the thickness direction of the guide portion, the guide portion also has a center surface, the third surface and the fourth surface are symmetrical about the center surface, and the intersection line between the plane containing the center surface and the explosion-proof hole on the first surface is a preset intersection line, and along the second direction, the distance between the preset intersection line and the center line is L2. Then, the end cap assembly satisfies the relationship: 0≤L2 / L1≤0.8.

[0006] Furthermore, the through hole extends along the first direction, and the main body also has a plurality of openings, each of the openings at least partially overlapping the vent hole, and the openings and the through hole are spaced apart.

[0007] Furthermore, the opening extends along a second direction, which is the width direction of the end cap; along the first direction, the width of the opening is W1, the thickness of the main body is T1, T1 satisfies the range: 0.2mm≤T1≤1.5mm, and the support plate satisfies the relationship: 1.5T1≤W1≤25T1.

[0008] Furthermore, there are multiple through holes, which are arranged at intervals along the first direction; there are multiple guide portions, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the guide portion is T2, and the distance between two adjacent guide portions along the first direction is S1. Then the support plate satisfies the relationship: S1≥1.5T2.

[0010] Furthermore, if the number of guide portions is n, and the width of each guide portion is W2 along the first direction, and the width of the main body portion is W3, then the support plate satisfies the relationship: 0.3≤n×W2 / W3≤0.85.

[0011] Furthermore, there are multiple through holes, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the second direction, and each through hole extends along the first direction; there are multiple guide portions, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes, wherein the second direction is the width direction of the end cap.

[0012] Furthermore, along the first direction, the width of the guide portion is W4, and the width of the main body portion is W5. Then, the support plate satisfies the relationship: 0.3≤W4 / W5≤0.85.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the guide portion is T2, and the distance between two adjacent through holes along the second direction is S2. Then the support plate satisfies the relationship: S2≥2.5T2, where the second direction is the width direction of the end cap.

[0014] Furthermore, the angle α between the plane where the guide portion is located and the plane where the main body portion is located is in the range of 15°≤α≤85°.

[0015] Furthermore, the support plate also includes a first mounting portion, a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, and a second mounting portion, which are sequentially connected. The lower insulating member also has a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove, which are sequentially arranged along a second direction. The first mounting portion is located in the first mounting groove, the first connecting portion, the main body portion, and the second connecting portion are located in the setting groove, and the second mounting portion is located in the second mounting groove. The bottom wall of the first mounting groove is closer to the end cap than the bottom wall of the setting groove, and the bottom wall of the second mounting groove is closer to the end cap than the bottom wall of the setting groove, wherein the second direction is the width direction of the end cap.

[0016] This application provides an energy storage device, which includes a housing, a battery cell assembly, and an end cap assembly provided in this application. The housing has a receiving cavity and an opening. The receiving cavity is located inside the housing, and the opening is located on the top side of the receiving cavity and communicates with the receiving cavity. The battery cell assembly is received in the receiving cavity, and the end cap assembly is installed on the housing and closes the opening.

[0017] This application provides a power supply system, which includes electrical equipment and an energy storage device provided in this application, wherein the energy storage device supplies power to the electrical equipment.

[0018] In this application, when the end cap assembly is applied to an energy storage device and the energy storage device experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve opens, and the cell assembly continues to react. The temperature inside the energy storage device continues to rise, forming a large amount of high-temperature gas. The lower insulation component melts at high temperature, forming carbonized debris. The positive electrode foil in the cell assembly also melts at high temperature, forming aluminum molten beads. Both the carbonized debris and the aluminum molten beads are ejected from the explosion-proof hole along with the high-temperature gas, thus timely relieving pressure and preventing the energy storage device from exploding, ensuring the reliability of the energy storage device. Specifically, during the thermal runaway of the energy storage device, high-temperature gas gathers between the cell assembly and the end cap assembly and is distributed on opposite sides of the explosion-proof valve along the first direction. A portion of the high-temperature gas on the left side of the explosion-proof valve, carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, moves to the right along the first direction towards the explosion-proof valve and is ejected from the explosion-proof hole. Conversely, a portion of the high-temperature gas on the right side of the explosion-proof valve, carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, moves to the left along the first direction towards the explosion-proof valve and is ejected from the explosion-proof hole. When the two airflows on the left and right sides converge on the side of the support plate facing the end cap, firstly, the guide portion extends along the first direction. Compared to a solution where the guide portion extends along the width direction of the end cap, the support plate provided in this application avoids obstructing the two airflows, allowing both airflows to quickly eject from the support plate towards the explosion-proof hole, improving the exhaust efficiency of the end cap assembly, and reducing the risk of excessive internal gas pressure causing cracking or failure of the weld between the casing and the end cap assembly. Secondly, along the thickness direction of the guide portion, the third and fourth surfaces are arranged opposite to each other. Under the action of the guide portion, the two airflows can be ejected from the explosion-proof hole along the third or fourth surface. At this time, the high-temperature gas will carry carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads out of the explosion-proof hole in a parabolic manner. This not only allows the carbonized debris, aluminum molten beads, and other substances carried by the high-temperature gas to be ejected further, avoiding their accumulation around the explosion-proof area, but also, because the densities of the carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads are different, the ejection distance of substances of different densities will also be different. Therefore, substances of different densities will stratify instead of accumulating together, which can further reduce the probability of fire, prevent fire in the event of thermal runaway of the energy storage device, reduce the safety hazards of the energy storage device, and improve the reliability of the energy storage device. Furthermore, the plane containing the third surface passes through the explosion-proof hole, and the plane containing the fourth surface also passes through the explosion-proof hole, to ensure that the high-temperature gas and the carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads it carries can be ejected from the explosion-proof hole, preventing the carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads from being blocked by the end cap and falling into the energy storage device, thereby reducing the probability of fire inside the energy storage device.Thirdly, the guide portion extends along the first direction and is inclined to the main body. This allows high-temperature gas, carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, to be ejected along the guide slope of the guide portion along the width direction of the end cap. This prevents molten aluminum beads from directly hitting the electrode on the end cap and causing a short circuit, further improving the safety performance of the energy storage device when the end cap assembly is used. Fourthly, when some high-temperature gas is discharged sequentially along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly from the vent hole of the groove, the through hole of the main body, and the explosion-proof hole, the guide portion can avoid blocking the high-temperature gas, resulting in higher exhaust efficiency for the end cap assembly. Furthermore, even if the lower insulating component is completely melted, the support plate, with its high melting point, can maintain its intact structure. Located between the end cap and the cell assembly, the support plate prevents the cell assembly from moving towards the end cap and blocking the explosion-proof hole, facilitating timely pressure relief and reducing the probability of an explosion. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the implementation will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementations of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an end cap assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of an end cap assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an end cap assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of cross-sectional structure in the AA direction Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 6Schematic diagram of cross-sectional structure in the AA direction Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a side view of the support plate according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a top view of the support plate according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate according to the third embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a side view of the support plate according to the third embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a top view of the support plate according to the third embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate according to the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 16 This is a side view of the support plate according to the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 17 This is a top view of the support plate according to the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower insulating member according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 20 This is a circuit block diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 100 - End cap assembly, 110 - End cap, 111 - Explosion-proof hole, 120 - Explosion-proof valve, 130 - Lower insulating component, 131 - First surface, 132 - Second surface, 133 - Setting groove, 134 - Vent hole, 135 - First mounting groove, 136 - Second mounting groove, 140 - Support plate, 141 - Main body, 1411 - Through hole, 1412 - Opening, 142 - Guide part, 1421 - Third surface, 1422 - Fourth surface, 1423 - Center surface, 1 43-First mounting part, 144-First connecting part, 145-Second connecting part, 146-Second mounting part, 150-Protective plate, 160-Pole post, 170-Upper insulating component, 200-Energy storage device, 210-Housing shell, 211-Receiving cavity, 212-Opening, 220-Cell assembly, 300-Power supply system, 310-Electrical equipment, 400-Energy storage system, 410-First power conversion device, 420-High voltage cable, 430-Second power conversion device. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0044] In this document, references to "embodiment" or "implementation" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or implementation may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] In the field of energy storage technology, secondary batteries, also known as rechargeable batteries or accumulators, are batteries that can be reactivated by charging after discharge and continue to be used. When thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell, the temperature inside the cell rises and partially melts the plastic, which may cause the cell assembly to shift towards the side closer to the end cap. The cell assembly may block the explosion-proof valve, hindering the battery's venting and making it difficult to release pressure in time. This increases the probability of the secondary battery exploding, posing a safety hazard in its use.

[0046] Furthermore, when thermal runaway occurs within the battery cell, the explosion-proof valve opens first. Then, the cell continues to react and the temperature rises, melting the lower plastic and positive electrode foil. The melted positive electrode foil forms molten aluminum beads. After the lower plastic and positive electrode foil melt, the gas inside the secondary battery splits into two parts: one on the left side of the explosion-proof valve and the other on the right. These two airflows collide and rise at the explosion-proof valve opening. The molten lower plastic and molten aluminum beads are ejected from the valve opening under the influence of the airflow. The ejected carbonized plastic debris and molten aluminum beads accumulate around the explosion-proof valve opening, causing the temperature around the opening to rise continuously until it reaches the ignition point of the carbonized plastic debris. This ignition of the carbonized plastic debris leads to a fire, causing the battery's safety performance to fail. Simultaneously, if the secondary battery's venting rate is low, its internal pressure will be too high, posing a risk of cracking and failure of the welds between the battery casing and end caps.

[0047] Understandably, in the terminology of this application, gas containing flammable particles includes, but is not limited to, high-temperature gas containing carbonized plastic debris and molten aluminum beads.

[0048] Because the energy we need is highly time- and space-dependent, in order to utilize energy rationally and improve energy efficiency, it is necessary to store one form of energy in the same way or by converting it into another, and then release it in a specific energy form for future applications. Currently, the main way to generate green electricity is to develop green energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power to replace fossil fuels.

[0049] Currently, the generation of green electricity generally relies on solar, wind, and hydropower. However, wind and solar power are generally characterized by strong intermittency and large fluctuations, which can cause grid instability, insufficient power during peak demand periods, and excessive power during off-peak periods. Unstable voltage can also damage the power grid. Therefore, insufficient electricity demand or insufficient grid capacity may lead to the problem of "wind and solar curtailment." Solving these problems requires energy storage. This involves converting electrical energy into other forms of energy through physical or chemical means and storing it. When needed, this energy can be converted back into electrical energy and released. Simply put, energy storage is like a large "power bank," storing electrical energy when solar and wind power are abundant and releasing the stored electricity when needed.

[0050] Taking electrochemical energy storage as an example, this solution provides an energy storage device 200, which is applied to an energy storage system 400. The energy storage device 200 is equipped with a set of chemical batteries, which mainly use the chemical elements in the batteries as energy storage medium. The charging and discharging process is accompanied by the chemical reaction or change of the energy storage medium. Simply put, the electrical energy generated by wind and solar energy is stored in the chemical batteries. When the use of external electrical energy reaches its peak, the stored electrical energy is released for use, or transferred to places with a shortage of electricity for use.

[0051] Current energy storage applications are quite widespread, including generation-side energy storage, grid-side energy storage, and consumption-side energy storage. The corresponding energy storage devices include:

[0052] (1) Large-scale energy storage power stations (including multiple prefabricated energy storage modules) applied to wind power and photovoltaic power stations can help renewable energy power generation meet grid connection requirements and improve the utilization rate of renewable energy. As a high-quality active / reactive power regulation power source on the power supply side, energy storage power stations can achieve load matching of power in time and space, enhance the absorption capacity of renewable energy, reduce instantaneous power changes, reduce the impact on the power grid, improve the absorption of new energy power generation, and are of great significance in power grid system backup, alleviating peak load power supply pressure and peak regulation and frequency regulation.

[0053] (2) The energy storage prefabricated cabin applied on the grid side mainly functions as peak regulation, frequency regulation and grid congestion relief. In terms of peak regulation, it can realize peak shaving and valley filling of electricity load, that is, charging the energy storage battery when the electricity load is low and releasing the stored electricity during the peak electricity load period, thereby achieving a balance between power production and consumption.

[0054] (3) Small energy storage cabinets applied to the electricity consumption side mainly function as self-consumption of electricity, peak-valley price arbitrage, capacity cost management, and improvement of power supply reliability. Depending on the application scenario, electricity consumption side energy storage can be divided into industrial and commercial energy storage cabinets, household energy storage devices 200, energy storage charging piles, etc., which are generally used in conjunction with distributed photovoltaics. Industrial and commercial users can use energy storage for peak-valley price arbitrage and capacity cost management. In the electricity market implementing peak-valley pricing, by charging the energy storage system 400 when the electricity price is low and discharging the energy storage system 400 when the electricity price is high, peak-valley price arbitrage can be achieved, reducing electricity costs. In addition, industrial enterprises subject to two-part tariffs can use the energy storage system 400 to store energy during off-peak hours and discharge during peak loads, thereby reducing peak power and the maximum demand declared, achieving the goal of reducing capacity electricity costs. Household photovoltaics with energy storage can improve the level of self-consumption of electricity. Due to high electricity prices and poor power supply stability, the demand for household photovoltaic installations is driven. Given that photovoltaic power generation occurs during the day, while user load is generally higher at night, configuring energy storage can better utilize photovoltaic power, improve self-consumption levels, and reduce electricity costs. Furthermore, energy storage is needed in areas such as communication base stations and data centers for backup power.

[0055] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system 400 according to an embodiment of this application, and this application Figure 1 The embodiments are illustrated using a shared energy storage scenario on the power generation / distribution side as an example. The energy storage device 200 in this application is not limited to a prefabricated energy storage module in a power generation / distribution energy storage scenario.

[0056] This application provides an energy storage system 400, which includes: a high-voltage cable 420, a first power conversion device 410, a second power conversion device 430, and the energy storage device 200 provided in this application. In some embodiments of the power generation scenario, the second power conversion device 430 can be a wind power conversion device. Since the electricity generated by wind power conversion is volatile, random, and intermittent, the unstable electricity output by the wind power conversion device can be stored in the energy storage device 200 through grid connection. The energy storage device 200 is connected to the high-voltage cable and outputs smooth electricity to supply the power consumption side of the distribution network, realizing peak shaving and frequency regulation, and ensuring stable grid operation; or, wind power... The conversion device is always connected to the high-voltage cable. Under normal power generation conditions, the power output of the wind power conversion device is supplied to the power consumption side of the distribution network through the high-voltage cable. When the current power load is low and the wind power conversion device generates excess power, the excess power is first stored in the energy storage device 200 to reduce wind and solar curtailment rates and improve the problem of new energy power generation consumption. When the power load is high, the power grid issues an instruction to transmit the power stored in the energy storage device 200 together with the high-voltage cable 420 in grid-connected mode to supply power to the power consumption side. This provides the power grid with various services such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, and backup, giving full play to the peak shaving role of the power grid, promoting peak shaving and valley filling, and alleviating the power supply pressure of the power grid.

[0057] In some embodiments on the distribution network side, the first power conversion device 410 can be a photovoltaic panel, and the energy storage device 200 is connected to the high-voltage cable 420 and installed downstream of the high-voltage cable 420 and between the user load. The electrical energy output by the photovoltaic power conversion device is stored in the energy storage device 200, which can respond in a timely manner to act as a backup power source when the power grid / distribution network fails; or, it can provide power supply support to alleviate line congestion when the high-voltage cable 420 transmission line is blocked, and to delay the economic pressure caused by the expansion of the power grid / distribution capacity when the power grid is planned to be expanded.

[0058] Optionally, the first power conversion device 410 may include, but is not limited to, a wind power conversion device, and the second power conversion device 430 may include, but is not limited to, a photovoltaic panel. The first power conversion device 410 and the second power conversion device 430 can convert at least one of solar energy, light energy, wind energy, thermal energy, tidal energy, biomass energy, and mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0059] Please see Figures 2 to 7This application provides an end cap assembly 100, which includes an end cap 110, an explosion-proof valve 120, a lower insulating member 130, and a support plate 140. The end cap 110 has an explosion-proof hole 111 that penetrates the end cap 110 along its thickness direction. The explosion-proof valve 120 is installed on the end cap 110 and covers the explosion-proof hole 111. The lower insulating member 130 is disposed on one side of the end cap 110. Along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 100, the lower insulating member 130 has a first surface 131 and a second surface 132 disposed opposite to each other. The first surface 131 is closer to the end cap 110. The lower insulating member 130 has a groove 13. 3. The setting groove 133 is located on the first surface 131, and the sidewalls and bottom walls of the setting groove 133 are provided with ventilation holes 134; the support plate 140 is at least partially disposed in the setting groove 133; the support plate 140 includes a main body 141 and a guide part 142, the main body 141 has a through hole 1411, the guide part 142 is disposed on the side of the main body 141 facing the end cap 110 and is inclined to the main body 141, the guide part 142 is disposed close to the through hole 1411, the orthographic projection of the guide part 142 on the surface of the main body 141 facing the end cap 110 at least partially overlaps with the through hole 1411, and the guide part 142 is disposed along a first direction (e.g., Figure 2 Extending in the X direction, the first direction is the length direction of the end cap 110; wherein, along the thickness direction of the guide portion 142, the guide portion 142 has a third surface 1421 and a fourth surface 1422 disposed opposite to each other, the plane of the third surface 1421 passing through the explosion-proof hole 111, and the plane of the fourth surface 1422 passing through the explosion-proof hole 111.

[0060] Understandably, the end cap assembly 100 is used in the energy storage device 200, which also includes a housing 210 and a cell assembly 220. The housing 210 has a receiving cavity 211 and an opening 212. The receiving cavity 211 is located inside the housing 210, and the opening 212 is located on the top side of the receiving cavity 211 and communicates with the receiving cavity 211. The cell assembly 220 is received in the receiving cavity 211, and the end cap assembly 100 is installed on the housing 210 and closes the opening 212.

[0061] Understandably, when the end cap assembly 100 is applied to the energy storage device 200, the end cap 110, the lower insulator 130 and the cell assembly 220 are arranged sequentially along the thickness direction of the end cap 110.

[0062] Understandably, if at least a portion of the mounting groove 133 is disposed opposite to the explosion-proof valve 120, and at least a portion of the support plate 140 is disposed within the mounting groove 133, then at least a portion of the support plate 140 is disposed opposite to the explosion-proof valve 120. In other words, the orthographic projection of the support plate 140 onto the surface of the end cap 110 facing the lower insulating member 130 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve 120 onto the surface of the end cap 110 facing the lower insulating member 130.

[0063] Understandably, the setting groove 133 is located on the first surface 131, and the setting groove 133 is a recess to accommodate and set the support plate 140. The setting groove 133 is recessed in the first surface 131.

[0064] Understandably, the thickness direction of the end cap 110 is the height direction of the energy storage device 200.

[0065] Understandably, the explosion-proof hole 111 and the vent hole 134 of the setting groove 133 are interconnected along the thickness direction of the end cap 110.

[0066] Understandably, the third surface 1421 is disposed closer to the end cap 110 than the fourth surface 1422. In other words, the third surface 1421 faces the end cap 110 and is inclined relative to the end cap 110, while the fourth surface 1422 faces the main body portion 141 and is inclined relative to the main body portion 141.

[0067] Understandably, the guide portion 142 has a flat plate structure.

[0068] Understandably, the guide portion 142 is provided correspondingly to the through hole 1411, and the guide portion 142 is obtained by stamping the main body portion 141.

[0069] In this embodiment, when the end cap assembly 100 is applied to the energy storage device 200 and the energy storage device 200 experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve 120 opens, and the internal reaction of the cell assembly 220 continues. The internal temperature of the energy storage device 200 continues to rise and a large amount of high-temperature gas is formed. The lower insulating component 130 melts at high temperature to form carbonized debris, and the positive electrode foil in the cell assembly 220 also melts at high temperature to form aluminum molten beads. Both the carbonized debris and the aluminum molten beads are ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111 along with the high-temperature gas to release pressure in time and prevent the energy storage device 200 from exploding, thus ensuring the reliability of the energy storage device 200. Specifically, during the thermal runaway of the energy storage device 200, high-temperature gas gathers between the cell assembly 220 and the end cap assembly 100, and is distributed on opposite sides of the explosion-proof valve 120 along the first direction. The portion of high-temperature gas on the left side of the explosion-proof valve 120, carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, moves to the right along the first direction towards the explosion-proof valve 120 and is ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111. The portion of high-temperature gas on the right side of the explosion-proof valve 120, carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, moves to the left along the first direction towards the explosion-proof valve 120 and is ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111. When the two airflows on the left and right sides are located on the support plate... When the guide portion 142 converges on the side facing the end cap 110, firstly, the guide portion 142 extends along the first direction. Compared to the solution where the guide portion 142 extends along the width direction of the end cap 110, the support plate 140 provided in this embodiment can avoid obstructing the two airflows, allowing both airflows to quickly exit from the support plate 140 toward the explosion-proof hole 111, improving the exhaust efficiency of the end cap assembly 100, and reducing the risk of cracking or failure of the weld between the housing 210 and the end cap assembly 100 due to excessive gas pressure inside the energy storage device 200. Secondly, along the thickness direction of the guide portion 142, the third surface 1421 and the fourth surface 1422 are arranged opposite to each other. Under the action of the guide portion 142, the two airflows can be ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111 along the third surface 1421 or the fourth surface 1422. At this time, the high-temperature gas will carry carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads and be ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111 in a parabolic manner. Not only can it eject carbonized debris, molten aluminum beads, and other substances carried by high-temperature gases further away to prevent them from accumulating around the explosion-proof area, but also, because the densities of carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads are different, the ejection distance of substances of different densities will also be different. Therefore, substances of different densities will stratify and not accumulate together, which can further reduce the probability of fire, prevent fire in the event of thermal runaway of the energy storage device 200, reduce the safety hazards of the energy storage device 200, and improve the reliability of the energy storage device 200.Furthermore, the plane containing the third surface 1421 passes through the explosion-proof hole 111, and the plane containing the fourth surface 1422 also passes through the explosion-proof hole 111. This ensures that the high-temperature gas and its carried carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads can be ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111, preventing the carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads from being blocked by the end cap 110 and falling into the energy storage device 200, thus reducing the probability of fire inside the energy storage device 200. Thirdly, the guide portion 142 extends along the first direction, and the guide portion 142 is inclined to the main body portion 141. The high-temperature gas, carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, will be ejected along the guide slope of the guide portion 142 along the width direction of the end cap 110. This avoids the molten aluminum beads directly hitting the pole post 160 on the end cap 110 and causing a short circuit, further improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is used. Fourthly, when some high-temperature gas is discharged sequentially along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 100 from the vent hole 134 of the groove 133, the through hole 1411 of the main body 141, and the explosion-proof hole 111, the guide part 142 can avoid blocking the high-temperature gas, thus giving the end cap assembly 100 a high exhaust efficiency. Furthermore, even if the lower insulating member 130 is completely melted, the support plate 140, with its high melting point, can still maintain its intact structure. Located between the end cap 110 and the cell assembly 220, the support plate 140 prevents the cell assembly 220 from moving towards the end cap 110 and blocking the explosion-proof hole 111, which facilitates timely pressure relief of the energy storage device 200 and reduces the probability of an explosion.

[0070] Understandably, the guide slope of the guide portion 142 is the third surface 1421 and / or the fourth surface 1422.

[0071] It should be noted that if the guide portion 142 extends along the width direction of the end cap 110, the high-temperature gas will carry carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads and spray out along the guide slope of the guide portion 142 along the length direction of the end cap 110. This increases the risk that the molten aluminum beads will directly fall onto the electrode post 160 on the end cap 110 and cause a short circuit, resulting in poor safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is used. In the embodiment of this application, the guide portion 142 extends along the length direction of the end cap 110. The high-temperature gas will carry carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads and spray out along the guide slope of the guide portion 142 along the width direction of the end cap 110. The end cap 110 is narrower in the width direction, and the carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads carried by the high-temperature gas are more likely to fall onto the outer periphery of the energy storage device 200. This helps to reduce the probability of carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads dripping onto the end cap 110 and improves the safety performance of the end cap assembly 100.

[0072] Optionally, the lower insulating component 130 is a plastic component, and the support plate 140 is a metal component or an inorganic material such as ceramic. The support plate 140 has a higher melting point than the lower insulating component 130, so that when the energy storage device 200 experiences thermal runaway and the lower insulating component 130 is melted, the support plate 140 still maintains good structural strength and does not deform, so as to play a guiding role and improve the exhaust efficiency when the end cap assembly 100 is applied to the energy storage device 200, thereby improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200.

[0073] Optionally, in one specific embodiment, the support plate 140 is an aluminum plate made of aluminum.

[0074] Understandably, the melting point of the support plate 140 is greater than that of the lower insulating member 130, and the structural strength of the support plate 140 is greater than that of the lower insulating member 130.

[0075] Understandably, the support plate 140 is at least partially disposed within the mounting groove 133. The support plate 140 can be installed within the mounting groove 133 by means of heat fusion, snap-fit, or adhesive bonding. No restrictions are placed on the method of fixing the support plate 140 to the lower insulating member 130. When the energy storage device 200 experiences thermal runaway, even if the lower insulating member 130 is partially or completely melted, the support plate 140, located between the cell assembly 220 and the end cap 110, can prevent the cell assembly 220 from continuing to move towards the end cap 110 and blocking the explosion-proof hole 111. The support plate 140 can still perform its functions of guiding flow, venting, and blocking, allowing the energy storage device 200 to still depressurize in time and improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200.

[0076] Optionally, the end cap assembly 100 further includes an insulating film (not shown) covering the surface of the support plate 140 to prevent short circuits when the support plate 140 is in direct contact with the cell assembly 220. The insulating film can be formed on the surface of the support plate 140 by performing insulating treatments such as anodizing; this application does not impose specific limitations on this method.

[0077] Optionally, in other embodiments, the support plate 140 may also be directly welded to the side of the end cap 110 facing the lower insulator 130 to improve the stability of the relative position of the support plate 140 and the end cap 110. When the energy storage device 200 experiences thermal runaway, the support plate 140 can also be tightly connected to the end cap 110 and perform a guiding and venting function.

[0078] Optionally, the end cap assembly 100 further includes a protective plate 150, and both the protective plate 150 and the explosion-proof valve 120 are mounted on the end cap 110. Specifically, the protective plate 150 covers the side of the end cap 110 facing away from the lower insulator 130 where the explosion-proof hole 111 is located, to protect the explosion-proof valve 120, and the explosion-proof valve 120 covers the side of the end cap 110 facing the lower insulator 130 where the explosion-proof hole 111 is located.

[0079] Understandably, the explosion-proof hole 111 is a through hole and extends along the thickness direction of the end cap 110.

[0080] Optionally, the end cap assembly 100 further includes a pole post 160, which passes through the end cap 110 and the lower insulator 130 along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 100. There are two pole posts 160, one pole post 160 is used as a positive pole post and the other pole post 160 is used as a negative pole post. The two pole posts 160 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the end cap 110.

[0081] Understandably, along the first direction, the positive terminal and the negative terminal are arranged sequentially, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal are located on opposite sides of the explosion-proof valve 120 along the first direction.

[0082] Optionally, the end cap assembly 100 further includes an upper insulating member 170, which is mounted on the side of the end cap 110 opposite to the lower insulating member 130 and surrounds the terminal post 160. There are two upper insulating members 170. Along the length of the end cap 110, the two upper insulating members 170 are arranged at intervals. One upper insulating member 170 serves as the positive electrode upper insulating member 170 and surrounds the positive electrode post. The other upper insulating member 170 serves as the negative electrode upper insulating member 170 and surrounds the negative electrode post.

[0083] Optionally, the end cap assembly 100 further includes a welding ring (not shown) and a sealing ring (not shown). The welding ring is located on the side of the lower insulator 130 opposite to the end cap 110, and is sleeved on and fixedly connected to the electrode post 160. There are two welding rings. One welding ring serves as the positive electrode welding ring, is sleeved on the positive electrode post, and is fixedly connected to it. The other welding ring serves as the negative electrode lead, is sleeved on the negative electrode post, and is fixedly connected to it. The sealing ring is sleeved on the electrode post 160 and the upper insulator 170, and is held between the end cap 110 and the welding ring. There are two sealing rings. One sealing ring serves as the positive electrode sealing ring, is sleeved on the positive electrode post and the positive upper insulator 170, and is held between the end cap 110 and the positive electrode welding ring. Another sealing ring serves as a negative electrode sealing ring and is fitted onto the negative electrode post and the negative electrode insulating part 170, and is clamped between the end cap 110 and the negative electrode welding ring.

[0084] Please see also Figure 8 Optionally, in some embodiments, the explosion-proof hole 111 has a centerline (e.g., Figure 8 (As shown by the dashed line C), along the second direction, the maximum distance between the center line and the wall of the explosion-proof hole 111 is L1, and the second direction is the width direction of the end cap 110; along the thickness direction of the guide portion 142, the guide portion 142 also has a center surface 1423, the third surface 1421 and the fourth surface 1422 are symmetrical about the center surface 1423, the plane where the center surface 1423 is located and the intersection line of the explosion-proof hole 111 on the first surface 131 is a preset intersection line, and along the second direction, the distance between the preset intersection line and the center line is L2. Then the end cap assembly 100 satisfies the relationship: 0≤L2 / L1≤0.8.

[0085] Understandably, the value of L2 / L1 can be, but is not limited to, 0, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, and 0.8.

[0086] Understandably, along the thickness direction of the guide portion 142, the third surface 1421, the center surface 1423, and the fourth surface 1422 are arranged sequentially at intervals, and the distance from the third surface 1421 to the center surface 1423 is equal to the distance from the fourth surface 1422 to the center surface 1423.

[0087] Understandably, when the value of L2 / L1 is 0, the distance between the preset intersection line and the center line is 0. In other words, the center plane 1423 passes through the center line of the explosion-proof hole 111.

[0088] In this embodiment, when the end cap assembly 100 satisfies the relationship 0≤L2 / L1≤0.8, the distance between the preset intersection line and the center line is within a reasonable range. In other words, the inclination of the guide portion 142 relative to the main body portion 141 is within a reasonable range. On the one hand, this allows the guide portion 142 to have a certain gap with the hole wall of the explosion-proof hole 111. When high-temperature gas carrying carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads rises from the third surface 1421 or the fourth surface 1422 and is ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111, even if the carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads are large, they can still be ejected between the guide portion 142 and the explosion-proof hole 111, so as to avoid the hole wall of the explosion-proof hole 111 blocking the ejection of carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads with larger particle sizes. On the other hand, when high-temperature gas carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads is ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111, when some of the carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads fall and contact the guide part 142, the guide part 142 can block at least part of the through hole 1411 to prevent the carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads from falling back into the energy storage device 200, thereby further improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200.

[0089] Preferably, the end cap 110 assembly 100 satisfies the relationship: L2 / L1 = 0, that is, the center surface 1423 of the guide portion 142 passes through the center line of the explosion-proof hole 111. In this embodiment, when high-temperature gas carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads rises from the third surface 1421 or the fourth surface 1422 and is ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111, the spaces on the third surface 1421 side and the fourth surface 1422 side are in a balanced state, which is beneficial to improving the gas discharge efficiency.

[0090] Please see also Figures 2 to 4 ,as well as Figure 9 In some embodiments, the through hole 1411 extends along the first direction, and the main body 141 also has a plurality of openings 1412, each of the openings 1412 at least partially overlapping with the vent hole 134, and the openings 1412 and the through hole 1411 are spaced apart.

[0091] Understandably, if each of the openings 1412 and the vent holes 134 at least partially overlap, then the explosion-proof hole 111, the openings 1412 and the vent holes 134 are connected sequentially along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 100.

[0092] Understandably, in the terminology of this application, "multiple" means two or more, and can be, but is not limited to, two, three, four, five or six, etc.

[0093] Understandably, Figure 9 Examples and Figure 5 The embodiments are parallel embodiments. Figure 9The support plate 140 in the embodiment is replaceable Figure 3 The support plate 140 in the embodiment.

[0094] In this embodiment, when the end cap assembly 100 is applied to the energy storage device 200 and the energy storage device 200 experiences thermal runaway, some high-temperature gas carrying carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads is discharged sequentially from the vent hole 134 of the setting groove 133, the opening 1412 and the explosion-proof hole 111 along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 100. When the aluminum molten beads pass through the opening 1412 of the support plate 140, the support plate 140 can block or cut the aluminum molten beads with larger particle sizes, so that the particle size of the aluminum molten beads passing through the support plate 140 is smaller. When the high-temperature gas carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads is ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111, the smaller particle size of the molten aluminum beads allows for rapid cooling in the air. This prevents the molten aluminum beads from overheating and directly igniting flammable materials such as carbonized debris when they come into contact with such materials around the explosion-proof hole 111, thus improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is used. Furthermore, by providing multiple openings 1412 on the main body 141, the efficiency of high-temperature gas passing through the support plate 140 can be further improved, thereby increasing the exhaust efficiency of the end cap assembly 100. This reduces the risk of excessive internal pressure in the energy storage device 200 leading to cracking or failure of the weld between the housing 210 and the end cap assembly 100, further enhancing the safety performance of the energy storage device 200.

[0095] It should be noted that, inside the energy storage device 200, during the ejection of high-temperature gas carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, on the one hand, the density of the carbonized debris and the density of the molten aluminum beads are different, causing them to be partially distributed within the energy storage device 200, reducing the probability of direct contact and ignition between the carbonized debris and the molten aluminum beads. On the other hand, the energy storage device 200 contains little or no oxygen, making it extremely unlikely that the molten aluminum beads will ignite the carbonized debris inside the energy storage device 200.

[0096] It should be noted that during the process of large aluminum molten beads being ejected from and dripping from the explosion-proof hole 111 to its surrounding area, their contact area with air is small, resulting in a slower cooling rate. This makes it easier for large aluminum molten beads to reach and ignite flammable materials accumulated around the explosion-proof hole 111. In the terminology of this application, large aluminum molten beads and small aluminum molten beads are used in contrast.

[0097] Please see also Figure 10 and Figure 11 In some embodiments, each of the openings 1412 is along a second direction (e.g., Figure 10Extending along the first direction (as shown in the Y direction), the width of the opening 1412 is W1, the thickness of the main body 141 is T1, T1 satisfies the range: 0.2mm≤T1≤1.5mm, and the support plate 140 satisfies the relationship: 1.5T1≤W1≤25T1, wherein the second direction is the width direction of the end cap 110.

[0098] Understandably, the second direction intersects with the first direction. Alternatively, the first direction may be perpendicular to the second direction.

[0099] Optionally, the opening 1412 extends along the first direction, and the opening 1412 is selected from at least one of a strip hole, a rectangular hole, and a waist-shaped hole.

[0100] Understandably, the thickness of the main body 141 is the height of the main body 141 along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 100.

[0101] Specifically, the thickness T1 of the main body 141 can be, but is not limited to, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm and 1.5mm.

[0102] Specifically, the width W1 of the opening 1412 along the first direction can be, but is not limited to, 1.5T1, 2T1, 4T1, 5T1, 8T1, 10T1, 12T1, 13T1, 15T1, 16T1, 18T1, 20T1, 21T1, 22T1, 23T1, 24T1, and 25T1.

[0103] In this embodiment, the thickness T1 of the main body 141 satisfies the range: 0.2mm ≤ T1 ≤ 1.5mm. The thickness of the main body 141 is within a reasonable range, which allows it to have good structural strength, preventing it from being impacted and folded by high-temperature gas, and also provides stable support for the guide part 142, facilitating its flow guiding function. Simultaneously, the main body 141 facilitates the cutting performance of large aluminum molten beads, allowing them to cool rapidly when ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111 with the high-temperature gas. This reduces the probability of the aluminum molten beads igniting flammable materials accumulated around the explosion-proof hole 111, thus improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is applied. Furthermore, the support plate 140 also satisfies the relationship 1.5T1≤W1≤25T1. By limiting the width of the opening 1412 and the thickness of the main body 141, the size of the aluminum molten beads passing through the opening 1412 can be limited. Specifically, aluminum molten beads with a particle size smaller than the width of the opening 1412 can pass through the opening 1412, while aluminum molten beads with a particle size larger than the width of the opening 1412 may be blocked by the main body 141 or cut into smaller aluminum molten beads by the opening 1412. This allows the aluminum molten beads to cool down rapidly in the air when they are rushed out of the explosion-proof hole 111 with the high-temperature gas, so as to avoid igniting the flammable materials accumulated around the explosion-proof hole 111. On the other hand, even with multiple openings 1412 provided in the main body 141, it still has good structural strength. When high-temperature gas carrying carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads impacts the main body 141, it can prevent the main body 141 from being impacted to the point of flipping or being damaged. While improving the exhaust efficiency of the support plate 140, it maintains the structural strength of the support plate 140, extends the service life of the support plate 140, and improves the performance of the end cap assembly 100.

[0104] Optionally, in another embodiment, when the opening 1412 extends along the first direction, the width of the opening 1412 along the second direction is W1', and the thickness of the main body 141 is T1. Then, T1 satisfies the range: 0.2mm≤T1≤1.5mm, and the support plate 140 satisfies the relationship: 1.5T1≤W1'≤25T1.

[0105] Please see also Figures 2 to 4 ,as well as Figure 12 In some embodiments, there are multiple through holes 1411, and the multiple through holes 1411 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction; there are multiple guide portions 142, and the guide portions 142 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes 1411.

[0106] Understandably, the number of through holes 1411 is equal to the number of guide portions 142, with one guide portion 142 corresponding to one through hole 1411, and different guide portions 142 corresponding to different through holes 1411.

[0107] Understandably, the plurality of guide portions 142 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction.

[0108] Understandably, the arrangement direction of the plurality of guide portions 142 is parallel to the extension direction of each guide portion 142.

[0109] Understandably, Figure 12 Examples and Figure 5 The embodiments are parallel embodiments. Figure 12 The support plate 140 in the embodiment is replaceable Figure 3 The support plate 140 in the embodiment.

[0110] In this embodiment, a plurality of through holes 1411 are arranged at intervals along the first direction. In other words, a plurality of guide portions 142 are arranged at intervals along the first direction. Firstly, compared to the scheme of setting only one guide portion 142, when a portion of high-temperature gas located on the left side of the explosion-proof valve 120 and a portion of high-temperature gas located on the right side of the explosion-proof valve 120 converge on the side of the main body 141 facing the end cap 110, the plurality of guide portions 142 cooperate with each other, which can avoid the excessive local pressure that a single guide portion 142 needs to bear, thus preventing airflow turbulence. This ensures that the airflow on the guide slope of each guide portion 142 can be thrown out along a preset parabola with a stable initial velocity. The plurality of guide portions 142 have a better guiding effect. Secondly, there is a gap between two adjacent guide portions 142, and the force of multiple guide portions 142 is distributed through the gap, so that the impact force borne by each guide portion 142 is smaller. In addition, the gap between two adjacent guide portions 142 can provide a certain buffer space to allow the guide portion 142 to undergo slight thermal expansion under the impact of high temperature gas, reducing the probability of the support plate 140 deforming due to force concentration or high temperature. This allows the multiple guide portions 142 to maintain the guiding function, thereby increasing the ejection distance of carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads carried by high temperature gas. While extending the service life of the end cap assembly 100, it also improves the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is used. In addition, the arrangement of multiple guide sections 142 can increase the contact area between the high-temperature gas and the guide section 142, so that most of the gas can pass through the guide slope of the guide section 142 and be discharged from the explosion-proof hole 111, reducing the probability that the gas will directly rush into the explosion-proof hole 111 after passing through the opening 1412, thereby increasing the ejection distance of carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads.

[0111] Please see also Figure 13 and Figure 14 In some embodiments, the thickness of the guide portion 142 is T2, and the distance between two adjacent guide portions 142 along the first direction is S1. Then the support plate 140 satisfies the relationship: S1≥1.5T2.

[0112] Understandably, the distance S1 between two adjacent guide parts 142 can be, but is not limited to, 1.5T2, 1.6T2, 1.8T2, 2T2, 2.1T2, 2.3T2, etc.

[0113] In this embodiment, when the support plate 140 satisfies the relationship S1≥1.5T2, the distance between two adjacent guide portions 142 is within a reasonable range. This avoids the guide portion 142 from being too far apart, thus weakening its guiding effect, and also allows multiple guide portions 142 to distribute the force, reducing the probability of the support plate 140 deforming due to concentrated force or high temperature, thereby improving the performance of the guide portion 142. Furthermore, since the guide portion 142 is formed by stamping, if S1<1.5T2, it is difficult to overcome the defects in the stamping process of the guide portion 142, resulting in decreased flatness and edge defects, thus reducing the performance of the guide portion 142.

[0114] Optionally, the thickness T2 of the guide portion 142 is in the range of 0.2mm≤T2≤1.5mm.

[0115] Specifically, the thickness T2 of the guide portion 142 can be, but is not limited to, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, and 1.5mm.

[0116] When the thickness T2 of the guide portion 142 is within the range of 0.2mm≤T2≤1.5mm, the thickness of the guide portion 142 is within a reasonable range. The guide portion 142 can withstand the impact of airflow on the guide portion 142, so as to guide the airflow, increase the ejection distance of carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads carried by high temperature gas, and improve the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is applied to the energy storage device 200.

[0117] In some embodiments, the number of guide portions 142 is n, the width of each guide portion 142 along the first direction is W2, and the width of the main body portion 141 is W3. Then the support plate 140 satisfies the relationship: 0.3≤n×W2 / W3≤0.85.

[0118] Understandably, n×W2 represents the sum of the widths of the plurality of guide portions 142 along the first direction.

[0119] In this embodiment, when the support plate 140 satisfies the relationship 0.3≤n×W2 / W3≤0.85, the sum of the widths of the plurality of guide portions 142 along the first direction is within a reasonable range. This ensures that when high-temperature gas carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads flows to the support plate 140, the guide portions 142 have sufficient guiding effect on the airflow to guide the carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads to be ejected in a parabolic manner, increasing the ejection distance of the carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads and reducing the probability of the carbonized debris being ignited. At the same time, the support plate 140 has sufficient structural strength to prevent the main body 141 from being bent when the high-temperature gas is ejected along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 100. The support plate 140 has good performance. When the value of n×W2 / W3 is too small, the sum of the widths of the multiple guide portions 142 along the first direction is too small. This results in a weak guiding effect of the guide portions 142 on the airflow when high-temperature gas carries carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads to the support plate 140. This makes it difficult to increase the ejection distance of the carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads, causing them to accumulate around the explosion-proof hole 111. This increases the probability that the carbonized debris will be ignited due to excessive temperature, reducing the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is applied to the energy storage device 200. When the value of n×W2 / W3 is too large, the sum of the widths of the multiple guide portions 142 along the first direction is too large. Consequently, the sum of the widths of the multiple through holes 1411 along the first direction is also too large, reducing the structural strength of the main body portion 141. When high-temperature gas is ejected along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 100, it may fold the main body portion 141, reducing the performance of the support plate 140.

[0120] Optionally, in some embodiments, the width W2 of each guide portion 142 along the first direction also satisfies the relationship: W2≥2.5T2. The multiple guide portions 142 cooperate with each other to have a better guiding effect on airflow. In addition, it can avoid increasing the manufacturing difficulty due to the width W2 of the guide portion 142 being too small, and save manufacturing costs.

[0121] Please see also Figures 2 to 4 ,as well as Figure 15 In some embodiments, there are multiple through holes 1411, which are arranged at intervals along a second direction, and each through hole 1411 extends along the first direction; there are multiple guide portions 142, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes 1411, wherein the second direction is the width direction of the end cap 110.

[0122] Understandably, the plurality of guide portions 142 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the second direction.

[0123] Understandably, the arrangement direction of the plurality of guide portions 142 is perpendicular to the extension direction of each guide portion 142.

[0124] Understandably, Figure 15 Examples and Figure 5 The embodiments are parallel embodiments. Figure 15 The support plate 140 in the embodiment is replaceable Figure 3 The support plate 140 in the embodiment.

[0125] In this embodiment, a plurality of through holes 1411 are arranged at intervals along the second direction. In other words, a plurality of guide portions 142 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and there is a gap between two adjacent guide portions 142. When a portion of high-temperature gas located on the left side of the explosion-proof valve 120 and a portion of high-temperature gas located on the right side of the explosion-proof valve 120 converge on the side of the main body 141 facing the end cap 110, the plurality of guide portions 142 cooperate with each other to divert the high-temperature gas and its carried carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads to multiple trajectories along the second direction. That is, the high-temperature gas and its carried carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads are ejected from the explosion-proof holes 111 in the form of multiple parabolic beams, so that the spray range of carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads is expanded along the second direction, avoiding the concentration of carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads in a single area, thereby further reducing the probability of fire caused by excessive stacking of carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads, and further improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is applied. Furthermore, compared to the scheme of setting only one guide portion 142, in this embodiment, the gap between multiple guide portions 142 can disperse the impact force of airflow, thereby reducing the force-bearing area of ​​a single guide portion 142, improving the deformation resistance of the guide portion 142, and the gap between multiple guide portions 142 can also form an airflow channel, accelerating the heat dissipation of the support plate 140, reducing the aging effect of high temperature on the lower insulating component 130, and helping to extend the service life of the end cap assembly 100.

[0126] Please see also Figure 16 and Figure 17 In some embodiments, along the first direction, the width of the guide portion 142 is W4, and the width of the main body portion 141 is W5, then the support plate 140 satisfies the relationship: 0.3≤W4 / W5≤0.85.

[0127] Specifically, the value of W4 / W5 can be, but is not limited to, 0.3, 0.32, 0.35, 0.4, 0.42, 0.45, 0.46, 0.48, 0.5, 0.52, 0.56, 0.6, 0.62, 0.65, 0.7, 0.72, 0.75, 0.78, 0.8, 0.82, 0.84, and 0.85.

[0128] In this embodiment, when the support plate 140 satisfies the relationship 0.3≤W4 / W5≤0.85, and the width of the main body 141 along the first direction is constant, the width of the guide portion 142 along the first direction is within a reasonable range. On the one hand, the guide portion 142 has a good guiding effect on the high-temperature airflow, thereby increasing the ejection distance of the carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads carried by the high-temperature gas, reducing the probability of the carbonized debris being ignited, and improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is applied to the energy storage device 200. On the other hand, the width of the through hole 1411 corresponding to the guide portion 142 along the first direction is also within a reasonable range, which can avoid the structural strength of the main body 141 being weak due to the excessive width of the through hole 1411 along the first direction, and the support plate 140 has good performance. When the value of W4 / W5 is too large, the width of the guide portion 142 along the first direction becomes too large when the width of the main body 141 is constant. Correspondingly, the width of the through hole 1411 corresponding to the guide portion 142 along the first direction is also too large, resulting in insufficient structural strength of the main body 141. When the high-temperature airflow impacts the support plate 140, the support plate 140 may buckle, reducing its performance. When the value of W4 / W5 is too small, the width of the guide portion 142 along the first direction becomes too small when the width of the main body 141 is constant. This weakens the guiding effect of the guide portion 142 on the high-temperature airflow, which is detrimental to improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200.

[0129] In some embodiments, the thickness of the guide portion 142 is T2, and the distance between two adjacent through holes 1411 along the second direction is S2. Then the support plate 140 satisfies the relationship: S2≥2.5T2.

[0130] Specifically, the value of S2 can be, but is not limited to, 2.5T2, 2.52T2, 2.55T2, 2.6T2, 2.65T2, 2.68T2, 2.7T2, 2.75T2, 2.8T2, 2.9T2, 3T2, 3.1T2, 3.2T2, and 3.3T2.

[0131] In this embodiment, the support plate 140 satisfies the relationship S2≥2.5T2. By establishing a correlation between the thickness T2 of the guide portion 142 and the distance S2 between two adjacent through holes 1411, multiple guide portions 142 cooperate with each other. This ensures the guidance of high-temperature gas flow, increases the ejection distance of carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads carried by the high-temperature gas, and improves the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is used. At the same time, it avoids the through holes 1411 occupying too much space in the main body 141, allowing both the main body 141 and the guide portion 142 of the support plate 140 to have good structural strength and withstand the impact of high-temperature gas, thus giving the support plate 140 good performance.

[0132] Please see also Figures 2 to 17 In some embodiments, the angle α between the plane where the guide portion 142 is located and the plane where the main body portion 141 is located is in the range of 15°≤α≤85°.

[0133] Specifically, the angle α between the plane where the guide portion 142 is located and the plane where the main body portion 141 is located can be, but is not limited to, 15°, 18°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 64°, 70°, 75°, 80° and 85°.

[0134] In this embodiment, when the angle α between the plane where the guide portion 142 is located and the plane where the main body portion 141 is located satisfies the range of 15°≤α≤85°, the angle of inclination of the guide portion 142 relative to the main body portion 141 is within a reasonable range. When high-temperature gas gathers from both sides of the explosion-proof valve 120 towards the side of the support plate 140 facing the end cap 110, the high-temperature gas carries carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads up along the guide slope of the guide portion 142 and is ejected in a parabolic form, which makes the ejection distance of the carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads larger, reducing the probability of the carbonized debris being ignited, so that when the end cap assembly 100 is applied to the energy storage device 200, the energy storage device 200 has better safety performance. When the angle α between the plane of the guide portion 142 and the plane of the main body 141 is too large, when high-temperature gas converges from both sides of the explosion-proof valve 120 towards the side of the support plate 140 facing the end cap 110, the positive pressure of the high-temperature gas impacting the guide portion 142 is too large. Some gas may have difficulty climbing up the guide slope of the support plate 140, resulting in backflow, eddies, etc., causing airflow turbulence and weakening the guiding effect of the guide portion 142 on the high-temperature airflow. In addition, the angle between the plane of the guide portion 142 and the plane of the main body 141 is an acute angle, which can prevent the carbonized debris or aluminum beads ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111 from dripping vertically into the through hole 1411 when the guide portion 142 is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the main body 141, and then falling into the interior of the energy storage device 200 through the through hole 1411. In this embodiment, the guide portion 142 can shield vertically dripping carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200. When the angle α between the plane where the guide portion 142 is located and the plane where the main body portion 141 is located is too small, when some high-temperature gas is discharged sequentially along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 100 from the vent hole 134 of the setting groove 133, the through hole 1411 of the main body portion 141, and the explosion-proof hole 111, the guide portion 142 may shield the high-temperature gas, thereby reducing the exhaust efficiency of the end cap assembly 100. Furthermore, it may also cause the carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads that climb up and are thrown out along the guide slope of the guide portion 142 to have too short a spray distance. That is, the carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads that are thrown out from the explosion-proof hole 111 and drip onto the surface of the end cap 110 are still relatively close to the explosion-proof hole 111. The probability of the carbonized debris being ignited and causing a fire is high, which reduces the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is used in the energy storage device 200.

[0135] Please see also Figure 18, in some embodiments, the support plate 140 further includes a first mounting portion 143, a first connecting portion 144, a second connecting portion 145, and a second mounting portion 146. The first mounting portion 143, the first connecting portion 144, the main body portion 141, the second connecting portion 145, and the second mounting portion 146 are connected in sequence. The lower insulating member 130 further has a first mounting groove 135 and a second mounting groove 136. The first mounting groove 135, the setting groove 133, and the second mounting groove 136 are arranged in sequence along the second direction. The first mounting portion 143 is located in the first mounting groove 135, the first connecting portion 144, the main body portion 141, and the second connecting portion 145 are located in the setting groove 133, and the second mounting portion 146 is located in the second mounting groove 136. The bottom wall of the first mounting groove 135 is closer to the end cover 110 than the bottom wall of the setting groove 133, and the bottom wall of the second mounting groove 136 is closer to the end cover 110 than the bottom wall of the setting groove 133. Herein, the second direction is the width direction of the end cover 110.

[0136] Understandably, the first mounting portion 143 and the main body portion 141 are bent in opposite directions with respect to the first connecting portion 144 respectively, and the main body portion 141 and the second mounting portion 146 are bent in opposite directions with respect to the second connecting portion 145 respectively.

[0137] Understandably, the first connecting portion 144 and the second connecting portion 145 are bent in the same direction with respect to the main body portion 141 respectively. In other words, the first connecting portion 144 and the second connecting portion 145 are located on the same side of the main body portion 141.

[0138] Understandably, the bottom wall of the first mounting groove 135 is closer to the end cover 110 than the bottom wall of the setting groove 133. It can be that, along the thickness direction of the end cover 110, the depth of the first mounting groove 135 is less than the depth of the setting groove 133.

[0139] Understandably, the bottom wall of the second mounting groove 136 is closer to the end cover 110 than the bottom wall of the setting groove 133. It can be that, along the thickness direction of the end cover 110, the depth of the second mounting groove 136 is less than the depth of the setting groove 133.

[0140] Understandably, the support plate 140 is in a "U" shape.

[0141] Optionally, the first mounting portion 143 and the main body portion 141 are bent toward opposite sides of the first connecting portion 144, the first connecting portion 144 and the second connecting portion 145 are bent toward the same side of the main body portion 141, and the main body portion 141 and the second mounting portion 146 are bent toward opposite sides of the second connecting portion 145.

[0142] In this embodiment, the support plate 140 includes a first mounting portion 143, a first connecting portion 144, a main body portion 141, a second connecting portion 145, and a second mounting portion 146 connected together. The first mounting portion 143 is located in the first mounting groove 135, the first connecting portion 144, the main body portion 141, and the second connecting portion 145 are located in the setting groove 133, and the second mounting portion 146 is located in the second mounting groove 136. On the one hand, the support plate 140 can make full use of the space in the thickness of the lower insulating member 130 to reduce the thickness of the end cap assembly 100, thereby facilitating the miniaturization design of the end cap assembly 100 and the energy storage device 200. On the other hand, the first mounting groove 135, the second mounting groove 136 and the setting groove 133 cooperate with each other to provide support for the support plate 140, so that the guide part 142 on the support plate 140 can fully play its guiding role. While improving the exhaust efficiency of the end cap assembly 100, it also increases the ejection distance of carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads carried by high temperature gas, thereby improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 200 when the end cap assembly 100 is applied to the energy storage device 200. On the other hand, the bottom wall of the first mounting groove 135 is closer to the end cap 110 than the bottom wall of the setting groove 133, and the bottom wall of the second mounting groove 136 is closer to the end cap 110 than the bottom wall of the setting groove 133. By providing the first mounting groove 135, the second mounting groove 136, and the setting groove 133 with different depths, the relative position of the support plate 140 and the lower insulating member 130 in the second direction can be prevented from deviating, thereby improving the fit of the support plate 140 to the lower insulating member 130.

[0143] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first connecting portion 144 and the second connecting portion 145 respectively abut against the side of the setting groove 133, and the first connecting portion 144, the second connecting portion 145 and the setting groove 133 cooperate with each other to avoid deviation of the relative position of the support plate 140 and the lower insulating member 130 in the second direction, thereby improving the structural stability of the support plate 140 in the setting groove 133.

[0144] Please see also Figures 2 to 18This application provides an energy storage device 200, which includes a housing 210, a battery cell assembly 220, and an end cap assembly 100 provided in this application. The housing 210 has a receiving cavity 211 and an opening 212. The receiving cavity 211 is located inside the housing 210, and the opening 212 is located on the top side of the receiving cavity 211 and communicates with the receiving cavity 211. The battery cell assembly 220 is received in the receiving cavity 211, and the end cap assembly 100 is installed on the housing 210 and closes the opening 212.

[0145] Understandably, the end cap assembly 100 and the cell assembly 220 are arranged sequentially along the height direction of the energy storage device 200, that is, along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly 100.

[0146] Understandably, the housing 210 and the end cap assembly 100 are formed by welding, and a weld is formed at the welding point between the housing 210 and the end cap assembly 100.

[0147] In this embodiment, the energy storage device 200 includes the end cap assembly 100 provided in this application. When the energy storage device 200 experiences thermal runaway, the cell assembly 220 continuously reacts and generates a large amount of high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas flows within the containment cavity 211. Specifically, the high-temperature gas gathers between the cell assembly 220 and the end cap assembly 100 and is distributed on opposite sides of the explosion-proof valve 120 along a first direction. A portion of the high-temperature gas located on the left side of the explosion-proof valve 120, carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, moves to the right along the first direction towards the explosion-proof valve 120 and is ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111. A portion of the high-temperature gas located on the right side of the explosion-proof valve 120, carrying carbonized debris and molten aluminum beads, moves to the left along the first direction towards the explosion-proof valve 120 and is ejected from the explosion-proof hole 111. When the two airflows located on the left and right sides converge on the side of the support plate 140 facing the end cap 110, the guide part 142 can guide the airflow so that the high-temperature gas carrying carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads is ejected in a parabolic form, increasing the ejection distance of the carbonized debris and aluminum molten beads, reducing the probability of the carbonized debris being ignited, and at the same time avoiding the guide part 142 from blocking the convergence of the two airflows, improving the exhaust efficiency of the energy storage device 200, reducing the risk of excessive gas pressure inside the energy storage device 200 causing cracking or failure of the weld between the shell 210 and the end cap assembly 100, the energy storage device 200 has high safety performance and good performance, and extends the service life of the energy storage device 200.

[0148] Understandably, the energy storage device 200 may include, but is not limited to, individual cells, battery modules, battery packs, battery systems, etc.

[0149] Optionally, when the energy storage device 200 is a single battery cell, it can be, but is not limited to, at least one of cylindrical, prismatic, prismatic, or other shaped batteries. The single battery cell can be a rechargeable battery, meaning a battery that can be reactivated by charging after discharge to continue its use. The single battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, or lead-acid battery, etc., and this application does not specifically limit its application. It should be noted that the actual application form of the energy storage device 200 provided in this application can be, but is not limited to, the listed products, and can also be other application forms. This application does not strictly limit the application form of the energy storage device 200. This application uses a prismatic battery as an example for illustration.

[0150] Understandably, the battery cell assembly 220 includes a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode. The positive electrode, the separator, and the negative electrode are stacked and then wound and pressed to form the battery cell assembly 220. The positive electrode includes a stacked positive electrode material layer and a positive electrode current collector layer, and the negative electrode includes a stacked negative electrode material layer and a negative electrode current collector layer. The positive electrode current collector layer is made of aluminum foil, and the negative electrode current collector layer is made of copper foil. When the internal temperature of the energy storage device 200 is high, the aluminum foil of the positive electrode current collector layer melts into aluminum beads, which are then ejected from the containment cavity 211 through the explosion-proof hole 111 along with the high-temperature gas.

[0151] Please see Figure 19 and Figure 20 This application provides a power supply system 300, which includes an electrical device 310 and an energy storage device 200 provided in this application, wherein the energy storage device 200 supplies power to the electrical device 310.

[0152] Understandably, the energy storage device 200 is electrically connected to the electrical equipment 310.

[0153] In this embodiment, the power supply system 300 includes the energy storage device 200 provided in this application, and the energy storage device 200 includes the end cap assembly 100 provided in this application. The energy storage device 200 has good safety performance and a long service life. When the energy storage device 200 is applied to the power supply system 300, the energy storage device 200 can provide stable power to the electrical equipment 310, which is beneficial to improving the user experience.

[0154] Optionally, the power supply system 300 in this application embodiment can be, but is not limited to, portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, desktop computers, smart bracelets, smartwatches, e-readers, and game consoles. It can also be used in vehicles such as cars, trucks, sedans, vans, freight cars, bullet trains, high-speed trains, and electric bicycles. Furthermore, it can be used in various household appliances. Figure 19 The power supply system 300 in this embodiment is an energy storage battery cabinet.

[0155] It is understood that the power supply system 300 described in this embodiment is merely one form of the power supply system 300 used by the energy storage device 200, and should not be construed as a limitation on the power supply system 300 provided in this application, nor should it be construed as a limitation on the power supply system 300 provided in various embodiments of this application.

[0156] In this application, the terms "embodiment" and "implementation" mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of these phrases in various locations throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor are they independent or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand, explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments. Furthermore, it should be understood that the features, structures, or characteristics described in the various embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined to form another embodiment that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this application, provided there is no contradiction between them.

[0157] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of this application should not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. An end cap assembly (100) characterized by, The end cap assembly (100) includes: End cap (110), the end cap (110) is provided with an explosion-proof hole (111), the explosion-proof hole (111) penetrates the end cap (110) along the thickness direction of the end cap (110); An explosion-proof valve (120) is installed on the end cap (110) and covers the explosion-proof hole (111); A lower insulating member (130) is disposed on one side of the end cap (110). Along the thickness direction of the end cap assembly (100), the lower insulating member (130) has a first surface (131) and a second surface (132) disposed opposite to each other. The first surface (131) is closer to the end cap (110). The lower insulating member (130) has a mounting groove (133), which is located on the first surface (131) and at least partially opposite to the explosion-proof valve (120). The sidewalls and bottom walls of the mounting groove (133) are provided with vent holes (134). A support plate (140) is at least partially disposed within the mounting groove (133); the support plate (140) includes a main body (141) and a guide portion (142), the main body (141) having a through hole (1411), the guide portion (142) being disposed on the side of the main body (141) facing the end cap (110) and inclined to the main body (141), the guide portion (142) being disposed close to the through hole (1411), the orthographic projection of the guide portion (142) on the surface of the main body (141) facing the end cap (110) at least partially overlapping the through hole (1411), the guide portion (142) extending along a first direction, the first direction being the length direction of the end cap (110); Along the thickness direction of the guide portion (142), the guide portion (142) has a third surface (1421) and a fourth surface (1422) arranged opposite to each other. The plane of the third surface (1421) passes through the explosion-proof hole (111), and the plane of the fourth surface (1422) passes through the explosion-proof hole (111).

2. The end cap assembly (100) of claim 1, wherein, The explosion-proof hole (111) has a center line, and along the second direction, the maximum distance between the center line and the hole wall of the explosion-proof hole (111) is L1, and the second direction is the width direction of the end cap (110); Along the thickness direction of the guide portion (142), the guide portion (142) also has a center surface (1423). The third surface (1421) and the fourth surface (1422) are symmetrical about the center surface (1423). The plane where the center surface (1423) is located and the intersection line of the explosion-proof hole (111) on the first surface (131) is a preset intersection line. Along the second direction, the distance between the preset intersection line and the center line is L2. Then the end cap assembly (100) satisfies the relationship: 0≤L2 / L1≤0.

8.

3. The end cap assembly (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through hole (1411) extends along the first direction, and the main body (141) also has a plurality of openings (1412), each of the openings (1412) at least partially overlapping with the vent hole (134), and the openings (1412) and the through hole (1411) are spaced apart.

4. The end cap assembly (100) of claim 3, wherein, The opening (1412) extends along a second direction, which is the width direction of the end cap; along the first direction, the width of the opening (1412) is W1, the thickness of the main body (141) is T1, T1 satisfies the range: 0.2mm≤T1≤1.5mm, and the support plate (140) satisfies the relationship: 1.5T1≤W1≤25T1.

5. The end cap assembly (100) of claim 1, wherein, The number of through holes (1411) is multiple, and the multiple through holes (1411) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the first direction; the number of guide parts (142) is multiple, and the guide parts (142) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes (1411).

6. The end cap assembly (100) of claim 5, wherein, The thickness of the guide part (142) is T2, and the distance between two adjacent guide parts (142) along the first direction is S1. Then the support plate (140) satisfies the relationship: S1≥1.5T2.

7. The end cap assembly (100) of claim 5, wherein, The number of guide portions (142) is n. Along the first direction, the width of each guide portion (142) is W2, and the width of the main body portion (141) is W3. Then the support plate (140) satisfies the relationship: 0.3≤n×W2 / W3≤0.

85.

8. The end cap assembly (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of through holes (1411) is multiple, and the multiple through holes (1411) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the second direction, and each through hole (1411) extends along the first direction; the number of guide parts (142) is multiple, and the guide parts (142) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the through holes (1411), wherein the second direction is the width direction of the end cap (110).

9. The end cap assembly (100) of claim 8, wherein, Along the first direction, the width of the guide portion (142) is W4, and the width of the main body portion (141) is W5. Then the support plate (140) satisfies the relationship: 0.3≤W4 / W5≤0.

85.

10. The end cap assembly (100) of claim 7, wherein, The thickness of the guide portion (142) is T2, and the distance between two adjacent through holes (1411) along the second direction is S2. Then the support plate (140) satisfies the relationship: S2≥2.5T2, where the second direction is the width direction of the end cap (110).

11. The end cap assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The angle α between the plane where the guide part (142) is located and the plane where the main body part (141) is located is in the range of 15°≤α≤85°.

12. The end cap assembly (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The support plate (140) further includes a first mounting part (143), a first connecting part (144), a second connecting part (145) and a second mounting part (146), wherein the first mounting part (143), the first connecting part (144), the main body part (141), the second connecting part (145) and the second mounting part (146) are connected in sequence; The lower insulating member (130) also has a first mounting groove (135) and a second mounting groove (136), the first mounting groove (135), the setting groove (133) and the second mounting groove (136) are arranged sequentially along a second direction; the first mounting part (143) is located in the first mounting groove (135), the first connecting part (144), the main body part (141) and the second connecting part (145) are located in the setting groove (133), and the second mounting part (146) is located in the second mounting groove (136); the bottom wall of the first mounting groove (135) is closer to the end cap (110) than the bottom wall of the setting groove (133), and the bottom wall of the second mounting groove (136) is closer to the end cap (110) than the bottom wall of the setting groove (133), wherein the second direction is the width direction of the end cap (110).

13. An energy storage device (200) characterized by, The device includes a housing (210), a battery cell assembly (220), and an end cap assembly (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 12. The housing (210) has a receiving cavity (211) and an opening (212). The receiving cavity (211) is located inside the housing (210), and the opening (212) is located on the top side of the receiving cavity (211) and communicates with the receiving cavity (211). The battery cell assembly (220) is received in the receiving cavity (211), and the end cap assembly (100) is mounted on the housing (210) and closes the opening (212).

14. A power supply system (300), characterized in that, It includes an electrical appliance (310) and an energy storage device (200) as described in claim 13, wherein the energy storage device (200) supplies power to the electrical appliance (310).

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