A multi-purpose photovoltaic device for engineering vehicles

Abstract

This utility model discloses a multi-purpose photovoltaic device for engineering vehicles, comprising several photovoltaic modules, a solar controller, a battery unit, a DC load unit module, and an AC load unit module. The photovoltaic modules are connected in series to the solar controller. The solar controller includes a photovoltaic panel interface and a battery interface. The photovoltaic panel interface connects to the photovoltaic modules as the photovoltaic power input terminal, and the battery interface connects to the battery unit. The DC load unit module is connected between the solar controller and the battery unit to drive DC loads. The AC load unit module is also connected between the solar controller and the battery unit to drive AC loads. By collecting solar energy through the photovoltaic modules and converting it into electrical energy, the device provides power to the vehicle's DC loads or AC power tools under the control of the solar controller, greatly improving the convenience and efficiency of emergency repair operations, saving fuel costs, and meeting various operational scenarios for engineering vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering operation vehicle technology, and in particular to a multi-purpose photovoltaic device for engineering operation vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Construction vehicles, excluding those primarily used for transporting personnel or goods, are commonly used electromechanical engineering loading equipment but can carry specialized equipment or tools. Existing construction vehicles are equipped with numerous electrical devices when operating, such as LED displays, lights, and strobe lights. Especially during nighttime operations, these low-power devices draw power from the construction vehicle itself. However, the vehicle's battery capacity is limited, often requiring the engine to operate to generate electricity for these devices. This method suffers from low energy conversion efficiency, poor energy conservation and environmental friendliness, high fuel costs, and inconvenience. Therefore, there is a need to design a multi-purpose photovoltaic device suitable for construction vehicles to address these shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a multi-purpose photovoltaic device for engineering vehicles, comprising several photovoltaic modules, a solar controller, a battery unit, a DC load unit module, and an AC load unit module.

[0004] The photovoltaic modules are connected in series and then connected to the solar controller;

[0005] The solar controller includes a photovoltaic panel interface and a battery interface. The photovoltaic panel interface is connected to the photovoltaic module as a photovoltaic power input terminal, and the battery interface is connected to the battery unit.

[0006] The DC load unit module is connected between the solar controller and the battery unit to drive the DC load;

[0007] The AC load unit module is connected between the solar controller and the battery unit to drive the AC load.

[0008] As a further explanation of this utility model, the DC load unit module includes a dual power switch, which includes a first power interface, a second power interface, and a DC load interface; the first power interface is used to connect to the vehicle battery, the second power interface is used to connect to the solar controller and the battery unit, and the DC load interface is used to connect to the DC load, and the power supply for driving the DC load is controlled by the dual power switch.

[0009] Furthermore, the AC load unit module includes an inverter, which includes a DC power interface, an AC power interface, and an AC load interface. The DC power interface is used to connect the solar controller and the battery unit, the AC power interface is used to connect to the mains power supply, and the AC load interface is used to connect to the AC load. The inverter controls the power supply that drives the AC load.

[0010] Furthermore, DC circuit breakers are provided for electrical protection between the photovoltaic module and the solar controller, and between the inverter and the solar controller and the battery unit.

[0011] Furthermore, a DC fuse is provided between the solar controller and the battery unit for electrical protection.

[0012] Furthermore, a coulomb counter is installed between the solar controller and the battery unit to measure and manage the charging and discharging of the battery unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the solar controller also includes a DC backup load interface for connecting a light DC load.

[0014] Furthermore, the solar controller is an MPPT controller.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention relates to a multi-purpose photovoltaic device suitable for engineering vehicles. Photovoltaic modules are installed on the vehicle to collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. The converted electricity, controlled by a solar controller, maximizes the charging of the battery by the solar panels to prevent overcharging and over-discharging. The battery stores energy to power both the vehicle's DC loads and AC power tools via an inverter, significantly improving the convenience and efficiency of emergency repairs and meeting various operational needs of engineering vehicles. During daytime operations, only the strobe lights and display screen need to be turned on (power consumption below 300 watts), while the solar controller outputs over 500 watts, simultaneously powering the battery, strobe lights, and display screen. During nighttime operations, all DC loads are powered by the battery. The AC load interface is only activated when drilling, jackhammers, or other repair tools are needed, representing short-term high-power loads. A fully charged battery can support 11 hours of continuous operation with all DC loads running, fully covering nighttime work requirements. In rainy or cloudy weather, the battery can be recharged using the inverter's AC power charging function. Multipurpose photovoltaic devices can completely replace the drawbacks of the original vehicle battery relying on a diesel generator for long-term operation, thus providing power to the equipment without starting the engineering vehicle, greatly saving fuel costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-purpose photovoltaic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy flow of a multi-purpose photovoltaic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example:

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] See appendix Figure 1-2 The illustrated multi-purpose photovoltaic device for engineering vehicles includes several photovoltaic modules, a solar controller, a battery unit, a DC load unit module, and an AC load unit module. The photovoltaic modules are connected in series to the solar controller. The solar controller includes a photovoltaic panel interface and a battery interface. The photovoltaic panel interface is connected to the photovoltaic modules as a photovoltaic power input terminal, and the battery interface is connected to the battery unit. The DC load unit module is connected between the solar controller and the battery unit to drive a DC load. The AC load unit module is connected between the solar controller and the battery unit to drive an AC load.

[0023] The multi-purpose photovoltaic device in this embodiment is suitable for installation on engineering vehicles. The engineering vehicle has a solar panel mounting bracket on its roof. The photovoltaic module consists of three solar panels connected in series. Each solar panel has a peak power of 300 watts, an operating voltage of DC 18.5V, and an operating current of DC 14.73A. The three solar panels are connected in series and then led to the solar controller's electrical control box inside the vehicle via a waterproof cable. The photovoltaic module is connected to the photovoltaic panel input terminal of the solar controller via a DC circuit breaker.

[0024] In this embodiment, the battery unit uses a photovoltaic energy storage-specific gel battery, consisting of two 12V 250Ah batteries connected in parallel. The battery has two loads: one supplies power to the inverter via a DC circuit breaker, and the other supplies power to the original vehicle DC loads via a dual power transfer switch. The original vehicle DC loads mainly include a full-color LED display screen, headlights, and strobe lights, all operating at 12V DC, with a total power of 352 watts when fully operational.

[0025] In this embodiment, the DC load unit module includes a dual power switch, which includes a first power interface, a second power interface, and a DC load interface. The first power interface is used to connect to the vehicle battery, the second power interface is used to connect to the solar controller and the battery unit, and the DC load interface is used to connect to the DC load. The dual power switch controls the power supply driving the DC load. In this embodiment, the dual power switch is a manual switch, allowing selection of the power supply for the vehicle DC load. It can choose between the original vehicle battery and the battery. The dual power switch defaults to selecting the battery, switching to the original vehicle battery for emergency power supply only when the solar power is insufficient and the battery voltage is low.

[0026] In this embodiment, the AC load unit module includes an inverter, which includes a DC power interface, an AC power interface, and an AC load interface. The DC power interface is used to connect the solar controller and the battery unit. The AC power interface is used to connect to the mains power supply, and the AC load interface is used to connect to the AC load. The inverter controls the power supply that drives the AC load. The inverter in this embodiment is a pure sine wave line frequency inverter with input protection, load protection, and mains charging functions. It has three operating modes: mains priority, battery priority, and energy saving. Its output is line frequency AC power, which can power AC power tools such as electric picks and drills. In case of continuous rainy days or high-intensity work, the mains charging function can be used to charge the battery. If a high-power AC load needs to work for a long time, the mains priority mode can be used when conditions permit.

[0027] To ensure the electrical safety of multi-purpose photovoltaic devices, necessary protective components are required, primarily including DC circuit breakers and DC fuses. Specifically, DC circuit breakers are installed between the photovoltaic modules and the solar controller, and between the inverter and the solar controller and the battery unit, for electrical protection. A DC fuse is installed between the solar controller and the battery unit for electrical protection.

[0028] In this embodiment, a coulomb meter is installed between the solar controller and the battery unit to measure and manage the charging and discharging of the battery unit. The coulomb meter is a power metering device that measures the charging and discharging of the battery and can display the battery capacity, voltage, current, power, and charging time or usable time in real time.

[0029] In this embodiment, the solar controller also includes a DC backup load interface for connecting light DC loads. The solar controller employs Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technology, accepting photovoltaic module voltages ranging from 30-175V DC. It converts the unstable DC power generated by solar energy into stable DC power, supporting charge and discharge management of four battery specifications: 12V, 24V, 36V, and 48V, and can monitor battery voltage in real time. It features a light load interface for temporary DC load power supply and includes undervoltage protection and undervoltage recovery functions.

[0030] Based on the above-mentioned configuration of various functional modules of the multi-purpose photovoltaic device, please refer to the appendix for details. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module of this multi-purpose photovoltaic device consists of three monocrystalline silicon solar panels with a peak voltage of 18V / 300W connected in series, ideally providing a peak output of 900W. The output of the photovoltaic module is connected to the solar controller via a DC circuit breaker, providing the energy source for the entire photovoltaic power generation system. The DC circuit breaker is a protection device that provides high current protection, overload protection, and short circuit protection, improving the overall safety of the system. The solar controller is an intelligent energy conversion device. Due to the influence of factors such as solar irradiance, temperature, shading, dust and rain, and module aging, the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module fluctuate within a certain range and cannot be directly utilized. The solar controller can accept the converted voltage and current output, dynamically track its maximum power point, and output a stable DC voltage, thereby maximizing the efficiency of solar energy utilization. The solar controller used in this invention has an input voltage range of 30-175V, a maximum input current of 40A, and a maximum output current of 80A. It can efficiently convert unstable solar energy into stable DC power to supply the load and has the ability to charge quickly. A fuse is connected between the solar controller and the battery for overcurrent protection, and a coulomb meter is added to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the battery's status. The coulomb meter can display the battery capacity, voltage, current, power, and charging time or available time in real time, providing a metering basis for the energy utilization of the entire system. Normally, the dual power transfer switch selects the battery as the power source, providing a continuous and stable DC power supply to the vehicle's DC loads. The battery also powers the inverter; when AC power tools are needed, the inverter converts the DC power supplied by the battery into AC power, facilitating emergency repairs.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, due to the uncertainty of operating conditions, the energy flow of the multi-purpose photovoltaic device in this embodiment is relatively complex. During daytime operation with sufficient sunlight, the solar controller can simultaneously provide power to the vehicle's DC load and the battery, charging the battery with excess energy while driving the vehicle's DC load; if the solar output is insufficient to drive the load, the shortfall will be automatically provided by the battery. During nighttime operation, the vehicle's DC load is powered by the battery. When using AC power tools, the inverter is powered by the battery; in extreme cases where the battery's energy storage is insufficient to support long-term operation, the inverter can be set to operate in AC priority mode and the AC charging function can be activated, allowing the inverter to charge while providing AC power.

[0032] The above description only illustrates preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and variations in its specific structure are permitted. In short, all changes made within the scope of the independent claims of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-purpose photovoltaic device for engineering vehicles, characterized in that: It includes several photovoltaic modules, solar controllers, battery units, DC load unit modules, and AC load unit modules; The photovoltaic modules are connected in series and then connected to the solar controller; The solar controller includes a photovoltaic panel interface and a battery interface. The photovoltaic panel interface is connected to the photovoltaic module as a photovoltaic power input terminal, and the battery interface is connected to the battery unit. The DC load unit module is connected between the solar controller and the battery unit to drive the DC load; The AC load unit module is connected between the solar controller and the battery unit to drive the AC load.

2. The multi-purpose photovoltaic device for an engineering work vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC load unit module includes a dual power switch, which includes a first power interface, a second power interface, and a DC load interface. The first power interface is used to connect to the vehicle battery, the second power interface is used to connect to the solar controller and the battery unit, and the DC load interface is used to connect to the DC load. The power supply for driving the DC load is controlled by the dual power switch.

3. The multi-purpose photovoltaic device for an engineering work vehicle of claim 1, characterized in that: The AC load unit module includes an inverter, which includes a DC power interface, an AC power interface, and an AC load interface. The DC power interface is used to connect the solar controller and the battery unit, the AC power interface is used to connect to the mains power supply, and the AC load interface is used to connect to the AC load. The inverter controls the power supply that drives the AC load.

4. The multi-purpose photovoltaic device for an engineering work vehicle of claim 3, characterized in that: DC circuit breakers are provided for electrical protection between the photovoltaic module and the solar controller, and between the inverter and the solar controller and the battery unit.

5. The multi-purpose photovoltaic device for an engineering work vehicle of claim 1, wherein: A DC fuse is provided between the solar controller and the battery unit for electrical protection.

6. The multi-purpose photovoltaic device for an engineering work vehicle of claim 1, wherein: A coulomb meter is installed between the solar controller and the battery unit to measure and manage the charging and discharging of the battery unit.

7. The multi-purpose photovoltaic device for an engineering work vehicle of claim 1, wherein: The solar controller also includes a DC backup load interface for connecting a light DC load.

8. The multi-purpose photovoltaic device for an engineering work vehicle of claim 1, wherein: The solar controller is an MPPT controller.

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