A distillation purification device of by-product hydrochloric acid

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of byproduct hydrochloric acid's distillation purification device, belong to lithium battery detection technical field, comprising: one heating unit and two heating units;One heating unit is equipped with air inlet, and live steam is transported to one heating unit inside by air inlet, to heat its inside hydrochloric acid, and generate first grade hydrochloric acid steam;The heat source cavity of two heating units is communicated with the hydrochloric acid steam outlet of one heating unit, for receiving first grade hydrochloric acid steam as heat source, to heat the hydrochloric acid inside second effect heating unit, to realize live steam and hydrochloric acid steam cooperation to synchronous heating hydrochloric acid;The utility model can adopt live steam and hydrochloric acid steam double heating mode, make live steam and hydrochloric acid steam synchronous cooperation to heat hydrochloric acid, make full use of the heat of hydrochloric acid steam, improve heat energy utilization, reduce energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium battery testing technology, specifically to a distillation and purification device for byproduct hydrochloric acid. Background Technology

[0002] In chemical production processes, by-product hydrochloric acid often contains organic impurities or metal ions, requiring distillation purification to obtain high-purity hydrochloric acid. Traditional by-product hydrochloric acid distillation equipment generally uses direct steam heating: live steam (primary steam) is introduced into the bottom of the hydrochloric acid storage tank to directly heat the hydrochloric acid to boiling, and the resulting hydrochloric acid vapor is condensed to obtain the purified product.

[0003] The direct steam heating method used in traditional by-product hydrochloric acid distillation equipment can meet the basic distillation requirements, but it has significant drawbacks in terms of energy utilization: when distilling a large amount of hydrochloric acid, in order to ensure uniform boiling of the solution, a large amount of live steam needs to be continuously introduced and heated for a long time. At this time, the only heat energy that the hydrochloric acid is heated is the high-temperature live steam, so a lot of live steam needs to be consumed for heating.

[0004] The high-temperature steam generated by the boiling of hydrochloric acid contains high-temperature recoverable heat energy. In some existing processes, this hydrochloric acid steam, which is maintained at a temperature of 110-120℃, does not undergo any energy recovery process and directly enters the condenser for forced cooling by cooling water, condensing into purified hydrochloric acid. A large amount of high-temperature heat energy in the hydrochloric acid steam is directly discharged into the environment after heat exchange with the cooling water. This results in a situation where the equipment consumes a large amount of live steam for heating while the waste heat of the high-temperature hydrochloric acid steam is lost, leading to a double waste of energy, making the equipment consume more energy and have low thermal energy utilization. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a distillation purification device for by-product hydrochloric acid, which adopts a dual heating mode of live steam and hydrochloric acid steam, making full use of the heat of hydrochloric acid steam, so that live steam and hydrochloric acid steam work together to heat hydrochloric acid, thereby improving the thermal energy utilization rate and reducing energy consumption.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a distillation and purification device for by-product hydrochloric acid, comprising a first-effect heating unit and a second-effect heating unit for heating the by-product hydrochloric acid to produce hydrochloric acid vapor. The first-effect heating unit is equipped with an air inlet, through which live steam is supplied to the heat source chamber of the first-effect heating unit, heating the hydrochloric acid until the hydrochloric acid temperature reaches 110-120 degrees Celsius, at which point the hydrochloric acid boils and generates primary hydrochloric acid vapor. The hydrochloric acid vapor outlet of the first-effect heating unit is interconnected with the heat source chamber of the second-effect heating unit, allowing the primary hydrochloric acid vapor generated by the first-effect heating unit to enter the heat source chamber of the second-effect heating unit to heat the hydrochloric acid within the second-effect heating unit. This method of using live steam and hydrochloric acid vapor for cascade heating achieves cascaded energy utilization, fully utilizes the heat of the hydrochloric acid vapor, improves heat utilization efficiency, and reduces the energy consumption cost of the device operation.

[0007] The single-effect heating unit includes a single-effect heater, which has a single-effect inner cavity for containing hydrochloric acid to be heated, and a single-effect outer cavity surrounding the single-effect inner cavity. An air inlet is located above the outer wall of the single-effect heater, through which live steam is supplied to the single-effect outer cavity, so that the live steam in the single-effect outer cavity heats the hydrochloric acid in the single-effect inner cavity through heat conduction. A single-effect gas supply pipe is connected to the upper part of the single-effect inner cavity. When the hydrochloric acid boils and generates first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor, the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor can enter the second-effect heating unit through the single-effect gas supply pipe.

[0008] The double-effect heating unit includes a double-effect heater with a double-effect inner cavity for containing the by-product hydrochloric acid to be heated; it also includes a double-effect outer cavity surrounding the double-effect inner cavity. The outlet port of the first-effect gas supply pipe is connected to the steam connection port of the double-effect heater, so that the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor can enter the double-effect outer cavity through the first-effect gas supply pipe to heat the hydrochloric acid in the double-effect inner cavity; and the double-effect inner cavity is maintained in a vacuum negative pressure state, so the boiling point of the hydrochloric acid under negative pressure is lower than the temperature of the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor, so that the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor can heat the hydrochloric acid in the double-effect inner cavity until it boils.

[0009] A transfer pump is installed between the first-effect and second-effect chambers. A first-effect transfer pipe is installed at the bottom of the first-effect heater, and the end of the first-effect transfer pipe is connected to the inlet port of the transfer pump. A second-effect transfer pipe is installed at the bottom of the second-effect heater, and the end of the second-effect transfer pipe is connected to the outlet port of the transfer pump. The transfer pump transfers a portion of the hydrochloric acid in the first-effect chamber through the first-effect transfer pipe, and then transports it to the second-effect chamber through the second-effect transfer pipe. A flow-through valve is installed on the second-effect transfer pipe to control the amount of hydrochloric acid transferred out, so that the amount of hydrochloric acid in the first-effect and second-effect chambers is equal, thereby balancing the hydrochloric acid level. This allows live steam to heat and boil a small portion of the hydrochloric acid in the first-effect chamber. By controlling the amount of hydrochloric acid, the amount of live steam used can be reduced to a certain extent, thus saving more thermal energy.

[0010] The single-effect heating unit also includes a single-effect evaporation chamber located above the single-effect heater. The upper end of the single-effect heater is provided with a single-effect connecting pipe, and the upper end of the single-effect connecting pipe is connected to the lower end of the single-effect evaporation chamber. The single-effect connecting pipe enables communication between the single-effect inner cavity and the single-effect evaporation chamber. The internal volume of the single-effect evaporation chamber is larger than the internal volume of the single-effect inner cavity. When the hydrochloric acid in the single-effect inner cavity is heated to boiling, due to the low vapor density and high liquid density of hydrochloric acid, the liquid will remain in the single-effect inner cavity for heating, while the primary hydrochloric acid vapor will rise to the single-effect evaporation chamber with a larger internal space to completely evaporate into hydrochloric acid vapor. The single-effect gas supply pipe is located above the outer wall of the single-effect evaporation chamber, and the end of the single-effect gas supply pipe is connected to the upper part of the second connector, so that the primary hydrochloric acid vapor separated in the single-effect evaporation chamber can pass through the single-effect gas supply pipe into the second-effect outer cavity, realizing the communication operation between the second-effect outer cavity and the single-effect evaporation chamber.

[0011] The double-effect heating unit also includes a double-effect evaporation chamber located above the double-effect heater. The upper end of the double-effect heater is equipped with a double-effect connecting pipe, and the upper end of the double-effect connecting pipe is connected to the lower end of the double-effect evaporation chamber. The double-effect connecting pipe enables communication between the double-effect inner cavity and the double-effect evaporation chamber, and the internal volume of the double-effect evaporation chamber is larger than the internal volume of the double-effect inner cavity. When the primary hydrochloric acid vapor in the double-effect outer cavity heats the hydrochloric acid in the double-effect inner cavity until it boils, the hydrochloric acid in the double-effect inner cavity will generate secondary hydrochloric acid vapor, which will rise through the double-effect connecting pipe to the double-effect evaporation chamber and evaporate completely. The upper part of the double-effect evaporation chamber is connected to a double-effect gas supply pipe, and the end of the double-effect gas supply pipe is connected to a condenser, so that the secondary hydrochloric acid vapor enters the condenser through the double-effect gas supply pipe to condense the secondary hydrochloric acid vapor and form purified hydrochloric acid after distillation.

[0012] A secondary outlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the condenser, and a storage tank is connected to the end of the secondary outlet pipe. The purified hydrochloric acid produced after condensation can enter the secondary outlet pipe from the outlet and finally enter the storage tank through the outlet pipe. A primary outlet pipe is provided below the outer wall of the double-effect heater, and the end of the primary outlet pipe is connected to the storage tank. When the primary hydrochloric acid vapor in the outer cavity of the double-effect heater exchanges heat with hydrochloric acid, the primary hydrochloric acid vapor will enter the primary outlet pipe, condense through the primary outlet pipe, and enter the storage tank for storage.

[0013] It also includes a preheater, which has a preheating inner cavity and a preheating outer cavity surrounding the preheating inner cavity. The preheating inner cavity is connected to a feed pump, which can deliver the hydrochloric acid to be distilled into the preheating inner cavity. The preheating outer cavity is connected to a preheating pipe, which connects the preheating outer cavity to the first-effect outer cavity. The live steam in the first-effect outer cavity can pass through the preheating pipe and condense to form high-temperature condensate, which enters the preheating outer cavity through the preheating pipe. The hydrochloric acid to be heated is preheated by the high-temperature condensate in the preheating outer cavity. A conveying pipe is connected between the preheating inner cavity and the first-effect evaporation chamber. The preheated hydrochloric acid in the preheating inner cavity can pass through the conveying pipe into the first-effect evaporation chamber and fall into the first-effect inner cavity for subsequent heating due to gravity.

[0014] The preheater includes a preheating inner cavity, with the discharge pipe of the feed pump connected to the inside of the preheating inner cavity. The feed pump can deliver the hydrochloric acid to be distilled into the preheating inner cavity. It also includes a preheating outer cavity surrounding the preheating inner cavity. The preheating outer cavity and the first-effect outer cavity are internally connected through a preheating pipe. When the live steam enters the preheating pipe, it condenses to form high-temperature condensate at 100 degrees Celsius. The hydrochloric acid delivered from the feed pump to the preheating inner cavity is at a temperature of 30-40 degrees Celsius. This allows the high-temperature condensate to preheat the hydrochloric acid. After the preheated hydrochloric acid enters the first-effect inner cavity, the heating time can be shortened when heated by live steam, thereby further reducing energy consumption.

[0015] In summary, compared with the prior art, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1. Achieve cascade reuse of thermal energy: The acid vapor is produced by heating hydrochloric acid in the first effect with live steam, and then the acid vapor is used as a heat source in the second effect, forming a two-stage energy transfer chain, which significantly reduces the total consumption of live steam.

[0017] 2. Enhanced efficiency and energy saving in a vacuum environment: The double-effect heating unit maintains a vacuum negative pressure, which significantly reduces the boiling point of hydrochloric acid, allowing low-pressure acid vapor to efficiently heat hydrochloric acid and avoiding the input of secondary steam.

[0018] 3. Deep recovery and utilization of waste heat: After the primary steam releases heat, it forms high-temperature condensate, which is directly used to preheat the raw material hydrochloric acid, shortening the main heating time and reducing energy waste.

[0019] 4. Stable system operation: The transfer pump automatically balances the double-effect liquid level, and the expanded space of the evaporation chamber enhances vapor-liquid separation, ensuring efficient heat transfer and product purity. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structural system of this utility model.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0022] 100. First-effect heater; 101. First-effect inner cavity; 102. First-effect outer cavity; 103. First-effect connecting pipe; 104. Air inlet; 200. Second-effect heater; 201. Second-effect inner cavity; 202. Second-effect outer cavity; 203. Second-effect connecting pipe; 204. First-stage liquid outlet pipe; 300. Transfer pump; 301. First-effect transfer pipe; 302. Second-effect transfer pipe; 400. First-effect evaporation chamber; 401. First-effect gas supply pipe; 500. Second-effect evaporation chamber; 501. Second-effect gas supply pipe; 600. Preheating pipe; 700. Preheater; 701. Preheating inner cavity; 702. Preheating outer cavity; 703. Delivery pipe; 800. Condenser; 801. Condensing inner cavity; 802. Condensing outer cavity; 803. Second-stage liquid outlet pipe; 900. Feed pump; 901. Storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the following will be described in conjunction with the appendices of the embodiments of this utility model. Figure 1 The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this utility model are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0024] A distillation purification apparatus for byproduct hydrochloric acid, such as Figure 1 As shown: including:

[0025] The unit consists of a single-effect heating unit and a double-effect heating unit, both of which are used to heat the by-product hydrochloric acid to produce hydrochloric acid vapor.

[0026] An air inlet 104 is provided outside the single-effect heating unit. Through the air inlet 104, live steam can be delivered into the heat source cavity of the single-effect heating unit. The live steam envelops the hydrochloric acid in the single-effect heating unit and heats the hydrochloric acid through heat conduction until the hydrochloric acid temperature reaches 110-120 degrees Celsius, at which point the hydrochloric acid boils and generates first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor.

[0027] The hydrochloric acid vapor outlet of the first-effect heating unit is connected to the heat source chamber of the second-effect heating unit, allowing the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor generated by the first-effect heating unit to enter the heat source chamber of the second-effect heating unit. This allows the second-effect heating unit to receive the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor as a heating source to heat the hydrochloric acid within the second-effect heating unit. By using a cascade heating method of live steam and hydrochloric acid vapor, the energy is utilized in a cascade manner, improving the efficiency of heat utilization and reducing the energy consumption cost of the equipment operation.

[0028] Specifically, the single-effect heating unit includes a single-effect heater 100, and the single-effect heater 100 is provided with a single-effect inner cavity 101, which is used to contain the by-product hydrochloric acid to be heated.

[0029] It also includes an external cavity 102, which surrounds the periphery of the internal cavity 101. An air inlet 104 is located above the outer wall of the heater 100. Live steam is supplied into the external cavity 102 through the air inlet 104, so that the live steam in the external cavity 102 heats the hydrochloric acid in the internal cavity 101 through heat conduction.

[0030] The upper part of the first-effect inner cavity 101 is connected to the first-effect gas supply pipe 401. When hydrochloric acid boils and generates first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor, the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor can enter the second-effect heating unit through the first-effect gas supply pipe 401.

[0031] Specifically, the double-effect heating unit includes a double-effect heater 200, and the double-effect heater 200 is provided with a double-effect inner cavity 201, which is used to contain the by-product hydrochloric acid to be heated;

[0032] It also includes a secondary outer cavity 202, which surrounds the secondary inner cavity 201. The outlet port of the primary gas supply pipe 401 is connected to the steam connection port of the secondary heater 200, so that the primary hydrochloric acid vapor generated in the primary inner cavity 101 can enter the secondary outer cavity 202 through the primary gas supply pipe 401 to heat the hydrochloric acid in the secondary inner cavity 201.

[0033] Furthermore, the secondary cavity 201 maintains a vacuum negative pressure state. At this time, the boiling point of hydrochloric acid is 60-70 degrees Celsius. Therefore, the boiling point of hydrochloric acid under negative pressure is lower than the temperature of the primary hydrochloric acid vapor, so that the primary hydrochloric acid vapor can heat the hydrochloric acid in the secondary cavity 201 until it boils.

[0034] Furthermore, a transfer pump 300 is externally provided between the first-effect inner cavity 101 and the second-effect inner cavity 201. A first-effect transfer pipe 301 is provided at the lower part of the first-effect heater 100, and the end of the first-effect transfer pipe 301 is connected to the inlet port of the transfer pump 300. A second-effect transfer pipe 302 is provided at the lower part of the second-effect heater 200, and the end of the second-effect transfer pipe 302 is connected to the outlet port of the transfer pump 300. The transfer pump 300 uses the first-effect transfer pipe 301 to transfer material from the first-effect inner cavity 101... Part of the hydrochloric acid in step 1 is transferred out and then transported to the inner cavity 201 of the second effect through the transfer pipe 302. The amount of hydrochloric acid transferred out is controlled by a flow-through valve on the transfer pipe 302, so that the amount of hydrochloric acid in the inner cavity 101 and the inner cavity 201 of the first effect is equal, thereby balancing the hydrochloric acid level. This allows the live steam to heat and boil a small portion of the hydrochloric acid in the inner cavity 101 of the first effect. By controlling the amount of hydrochloric acid, the amount of live steam used can be reduced to a certain extent, thus saving more heat energy.

[0035] according to Figure 1As shown, the first-effect heating unit also includes a first-effect evaporation chamber 400 located above the first-effect heater 100. The upper end of the first-effect heater 100 is provided with a first-effect connecting pipe 103, and the upper end of the first-effect connecting pipe 103 is connected to the lower end of the first-effect evaporation chamber 400. The first-effect connecting pipe 103 enables communication between the first-effect inner cavity 101 and the first-effect evaporation chamber 400. The internal volume of the first-effect evaporation chamber 400 is larger than the internal volume of the first-effect inner cavity 101. When the hydrochloric acid in the first-effect inner cavity 101 is heated to boiling, due to the low density of vapor and the high density of hydrochloric acid liquid, the liquid will remain in the first-effect inner cavity 101 for heating, while the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor will rise to the first-effect evaporation chamber 400, which has a larger internal space, to completely evaporate into hydrochloric acid vapor.

[0036] The first-effect gas supply pipe 401 is externally located above the outer wall of the first-effect evaporation chamber 400, and the end of the first-effect gas supply pipe 401 is connected to the outside of the second connector, so that the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor separated in the first-effect evaporation chamber 400 can pass through the first-effect gas supply pipe 401 into the second-effect outer cavity 202, realizing the communication operation between the second-effect outer cavity 202 and the first-effect evaporation chamber 400.

[0037] Specifically, the double-effect heating unit also includes a double-effect evaporation chamber 500 located above the double-effect heater 200. The upper end of the double-effect heater 200 is provided with a double-effect connecting pipe 203, and the upper end of the double-effect connecting pipe 203 is connected to the lower end of the double-effect evaporation chamber 500. The connection between the double-effect inner cavity 201 and the double-effect evaporation chamber 500 is achieved through the double-effect connecting pipe 203, and the internal volume of the double-effect evaporation chamber 500 is larger than the internal volume of the double-effect inner cavity 201.

[0038] When the primary hydrochloric acid vapor in the secondary effect external cavity 202 heats the hydrochloric acid in the secondary effect internal cavity 201 until it boils, the hydrochloric acid in the secondary effect internal cavity 201 will generate secondary hydrochloric acid vapor, which will rise through the secondary effect connecting pipe 203 to the secondary effect evaporation chamber 500 and evaporate completely. The upper part of the secondary effect evaporation chamber 500 is connected to the secondary effect gas supply pipe 501, and the end of the secondary effect gas supply pipe 501 is connected to the condenser 800, so that the secondary hydrochloric acid vapor enters the condenser 800 through the secondary effect gas supply pipe 501 to condense the secondary hydrochloric acid vapor and form purified hydrochloric acid after distillation.

[0039] It is worth mentioning that the condenser 800 is provided with a condensing inner cavity 801 and a condensing outer cavity 802 surrounding the condensing inner cavity 801. A water inlet is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the condenser 800 and a water outlet is provided at the top. Cold water is supplied to the condensing outer cavity 802 through the water inlet and discharged from the water outlet at the top, so that cold water flows in the condensing outer cavity 802. When dihydrochloric acid vapor enters the condensing inner cavity 801 through the double-effect gas supply pipe 501, the cold water in the condensing outer cavity 802 cools the dihydrochloric acid vapor to condense it into purified hydrochloric acid.

[0040] Furthermore, a secondary liquid outlet pipe 803 is connected to the liquid outlet of the condenser 800, and a storage tank 901 is connected to the end of the secondary liquid outlet pipe 803. The purified hydrochloric acid produced after condensation can enter the secondary liquid outlet pipe 803 from the liquid outlet and finally enter the storage tank 901 through the secondary liquid outlet pipe 803 for storage.

[0041] The lower part of the outer wall of the double-effect heater 200 is provided with a primary liquid outlet pipe 204, and the end of the primary liquid outlet pipe 204 is connected to the storage tank 901. When the primary hydrochloric acid vapor in the secondary outer cavity 202 exchanges heat with hydrochloric acid, the primary hydrochloric acid vapor will enter the primary liquid outlet pipe 204. After being condensed through the primary liquid outlet pipe 204, it will enter the storage tank 901 for storage.

[0042] It is worth mentioning that a condenser 800 can be installed on the first-stage liquid outlet pipe 204 as needed to condense the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor.

[0043] according to Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a preheater 700, which has a preheating inner cavity 701 and a preheating outer cavity 702 surrounding the preheating inner cavity 701.

[0044] The preheating cavity 701 is connected to a feed pump 900, which can deliver the hydrochloric acid to be distilled into the preheating cavity 701.

[0045] The preheating outer cavity 702 is connected to a preheating pipe 600. The preheating outer cavity 702 is connected to the first-effect outer cavity 102 through the preheating pipe 600. The live steam in the first-effect outer cavity 102 can pass through the preheating pipe 600 and condense to form high-temperature condensate. The high-temperature condensate enters the preheating outer cavity 702 through the preheating pipe 600.

[0046] The hydrochloric acid to be heated is preheated by the high-temperature condensate in the preheating outer cavity 702. A conveying pipe 703 is connected between the preheating inner cavity 701 and the first-effect evaporation chamber 400. The preheated hydrochloric acid in the preheating inner cavity 701 can pass through the conveying pipe 703 into the first-effect evaporation chamber 400, and fall into the first-effect inner cavity 101 for subsequent heating due to gravity.

[0047] Specifically, the preheater 700 includes:

[0048] The preheating cavity 701 is connected to the discharge pipe of the feed pump 900, and the hydrochloric acid to be distilled can be transported to the preheating cavity 701 through the feed pump 900.

[0049] It also includes a preheating outer cavity 702 surrounding the preheating inner cavity 701. The preheating outer cavity 702 and the first-effect outer cavity 102 are internally connected through the preheating pipe 600. When the live steam enters the preheating pipe 600, it condenses in the preheating pipe 600 to form high-temperature condensate at 100 degrees Celsius. The hydrochloric acid delivered from the feed pump 900 to the preheating inner cavity 701 is at a temperature of 30-40 degrees Celsius. This allows the high-temperature condensate to preheat the hydrochloric acid. After the preheated hydrochloric acid enters the first-effect inner cavity 101, the heating time can be shortened when heated by live steam, thereby further reducing energy consumption.

[0050] How to use this utility model:

[0051] Before distillation purification of hydrochloric acid, the preheating outer cavity 702 is filled with water to be preheated. Then, hydrochloric acid is pumped into the preheating inner cavity 701 via the feed pump 900, preheating the hydrochloric acid with the hot water in the outer cavity 702. The preheated hydrochloric acid is then continuously pumped by the transfer pump 300, rises, and enters the first-effect evaporator through the delivery pipe 703. In the first-effect evaporator, it falls due to gravity, passes through the first-effect connecting pipe 103, and enters the first-effect inner cavity 101. The transfer pump 300 then controls the distillation of some of the hydrochloric acid in the first-effect inner cavity 101. Hydrochloric acid is transferred to the secondary effect inner cavity 201. Simultaneously, live steam is transported from the inlet 104 to the primary effect outer cavity 102. The live steam heats the hydrochloric acid in the primary effect inner cavity 101. After heat exchange with the hydrochloric acid, the live steam enters the preheating tube 600 and condenses there. The temperature of the high-temperature condensate is approximately 100 degrees Celsius. After passing through the preheating tube 600 into the preheating outer cavity 702, it preheats the hydrochloric acid flowing in the preheating inner cavity 701, thus realizing the recycling of live steam and enabling simultaneous heating and preheating.

[0052] After the hydrochloric acid in the first-effect inner cavity 101 is heated to boiling, hydrochloric acid vapor is generated. Due to its low density, the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor rises to the first-effect evaporation chamber 400, where it is completely volatilized. Then, it passes through the first-effect gas supply pipe 401 and enters the second-effect outer cavity 202. Because of the vacuum in the second-effect inner cavity 201, the boiling point of the hydrochloric acid under negative pressure is lower than that under normal atmospheric pressure. This causes the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor to heat the hydrochloric acid in the second-effect inner cavity 201 in the second-effect outer cavity 202, heating the hydrochloric acid in the second-effect inner cavity 201 to boiling point. The process generates secondary hydrochloric acid vapor, which rises to the second-effect evaporation chamber 500 and evaporates completely. It then enters the condenser 800 through the second-effect gas delivery pipe 501, where it is condensed to form purified hydrochloric acid liquid. This liquid then enters the storage tank 901 through the secondary liquid outlet pipe 803. Meanwhile, the primary hydrochloric acid vapor in the outer cavity 202 of the second-effect evaporator exchanges heat with the hydrochloric acid and enters the primary liquid outlet pipe 204. After condensation in the primary liquid outlet pipe 204, it enters the storage tank 901 for storage.

[0053] This invention uses live steam to heat hydrochloric acid to generate hydrochloric acid vapor, which is then used to heat the hydrochloric acid. This allows the live steam and hydrochloric acid vapor to work together to heat the hydrochloric acid, thereby improving the thermal energy utilization rate and reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, the high-temperature condensate formed after the live steam heats up preheats the hydrochloric acid before heating, which shortens the live steam heating time and further reduces energy consumption, thus improving the thermal energy utilization rate.

[0054] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A distillation and purification apparatus for byproduct hydrochloric acid, characterized in that, include: Single-effect heating unit and double-effect heating unit; The first-effect heating unit is provided with an air inlet (104) on the outside. Live steam is supplied to the first-effect heating unit through the air inlet (104) to heat the hydrochloric acid inside and generate first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor. The heat source cavity of the second-effect heating unit is connected to the hydrochloric acid vapor outlet of the first-effect heating unit, and is used to receive the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor as a heat source to heat the hydrochloric acid inside the second-effect heating unit, so as to realize the simultaneous heating of hydrochloric acid by the combination of live steam and hydrochloric acid vapor.

2. The distillation and purification apparatus for by-product hydrochloric acid as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The single-effect heating unit includes a single-effect heater (100), and the single-effect heater (100) is provided with: A single-effect inner cavity (101) is used to contain the hydrochloric acid to be heated; An outer cavity (102) surrounds the outer cavity (101) and is connected to the air inlet (104); The first-effect inner cavity (101) is connected to a first-effect gas supply pipe (401), and the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor can enter the second-effect heating unit through the first-effect gas supply pipe (401).

3. The distillation and purification apparatus for by-product hydrochloric acid as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The double-effect heating unit includes a double-effect heater (200), and the double-effect heater (200) is provided with: A double-effect inner cavity (201) for containing hydrochloric acid to be heated; A second-effect outer cavity (202) surrounds the second-effect inner cavity (201). The first-effect gas supply pipe (401) is connected to the interior of the second-effect outer cavity (202). The first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor generated by the first-effect inner cavity (101) can enter the second-effect outer cavity (202) through the first-effect gas supply pipe (401) to heat the hydrochloric acid in the second-effect inner cavity (201). The double-effect inner cavity (201) maintains a vacuum negative pressure state, and its boiling point is lower than the temperature of the first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor.

4. A distillation and purification apparatus for by-product hydrochloric acid as described in any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that: A transfer pump (300) is provided between the first-effect inner cavity (101) and the second-effect inner cavity (201). The transfer pump (300) transfers part of the hydrochloric acid in the first-effect inner cavity (101) to the second-effect inner cavity (201) to balance the hydrochloric acid levels in the first-effect inner cavity (101) and the second-effect inner cavity (201).

5. The distillation and purification apparatus for by-product hydrochloric acid as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The single-effect heating unit also includes a single-effect evaporation chamber (400) located above the single-effect heater (100), the internal volume of the single-effect evaporation chamber (400) being larger than the internal volume of the single-effect inner cavity (101); The first-effect evaporation chamber (400) is connected to the first-effect inner cavity (101) through the first-effect connecting pipe (103). The first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor generated in the first-effect inner cavity (101) can rise to the first-effect evaporation chamber (400) through the first-effect connecting pipe (103). The first-effect gas delivery pipe (401) is located on the outer wall of the first-effect evaporation chamber (400). The first-stage hydrochloric acid vapor separated in the first-effect evaporation chamber (400) can pass through the first-effect gas delivery pipe (401) and enter the second-effect external cavity (202).

6. The distillation and purification apparatus for by-product hydrochloric acid as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The double-effect heating unit also includes a double-effect evaporation chamber (500) located above the double-effect heater (200), the internal volume of which is larger than the internal volume of the first-effect inner cavity (101); The double-effect evaporation chamber (500) is connected to the double-effect inner cavity (201) through the double-effect connecting pipe (203). The secondary hydrochloric acid vapor generated in the double-effect inner cavity (201) can rise and enter the double-effect evaporation chamber (500) after passing through the double-effect connecting pipe (203). The double-effect evaporation chamber (500) is externally connected to a condenser (800) through the double-effect gas supply pipe (501). The secondary hydrochloric acid vapor is condensed by the condenser (800) to form purified hydrochloric acid.

7. The distillation and purification apparatus for by-product hydrochloric acid as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The outlet of the condenser (800) is connected to a storage tank (901) via an outlet pipe, and purified hydrochloric acid can enter the storage tank (901) through the outlet pipe for storage. A secondary outlet pipe (803) is connected between the double-effect heater (200) and the storage tank (901). After the primary hydrochloric acid vapor in the double-effect outer cavity (202) exchanges heat with hydrochloric acid, it is condensed through the secondary outlet pipe (803) and stored in the storage tank (901).

8. A distillation and purification apparatus for by-product hydrochloric acid as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It also includes a preheater (700), and a preheating pipe (600) is connected between the preheater (700) and the first-effect external cavity (102). The preheating pipe (600) can condense the live steam after heat exchange in the first-effect external cavity (102) and transport it to the preheater (700). The preheater (700) is externally connected to a feed pump (900), which delivers hydrochloric acid to be heated into the preheater (700). The high-temperature condensate in the preheater (700) can preheat the hydrochloric acid to be heated. The upper part of the preheater (700) is connected to the first-effect evaporation chamber (400) by a conveying pipe (703). The preheated hydrochloric acid is conveyed to the first-effect evaporation chamber (400) through the conveying pipe (703) and passes through the first-effect connecting pipe (103) and falls into the first-effect inner cavity (101) due to gravity.

9. The distillation and purification apparatus for by-product hydrochloric acid as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The preheater (700) includes: The preheating cavity (701) is connected to the inside of the preheating cavity (701) by the discharge pipe of the feed pump (900). The feed pump (900) can deliver the hydrochloric acid to be distilled into the preheating cavity (701). It also includes a preheating outer cavity (702) surrounding the preheating inner cavity (701), the preheating outer cavity (702) being used to receive high-temperature condensate through the preheating pipe (600); The preheating outer cavity (702) is connected to the first-effect outer cavity (102) through the preheating pipe (600). The live steam in the first-effect outer cavity (102) can pass through the preheating pipe (600) and condense to form high-temperature condensate. The high-temperature condensate enters the preheating outer cavity (702) through the preheating pipe (600). The hydrochloric acid to be heated is preheated by the high-temperature condensate in the preheating outer cavity (702). A conveying pipe (703) is connected between the preheating inner cavity (701) and the first-effect evaporation chamber (400). The preheated hydrochloric acid in the preheating inner cavity (701) can pass through the conveying pipe (703) into the first-effect evaporation chamber (400) and fall into the first-effect inner cavity (101) for subsequent heating due to gravity.

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