Flue gas deaminating system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flue gas deamination system, include: flue gas treatment tower, flue gas treatment tower is provided with core processor, spray component and demisting component from below to above in proper order in the inside, and the upper end of flue gas treatment tower is provided with flue gas export, and the upper of flue gas treatment tower is provided with flue gas import, and the lower part of flue gas treatment tower is provided with liquid storage area, flue gas and spray component emit absorbent in core processor confluence, and the deamination of flue gas is carried out, absorbent circulation subsystem is used for circulating conveying the absorbent in liquid storage area to spray component, medicament delivery subsystem is used for delivering processing medicament to liquid storage area, waste liquid treatment subsystem is used for recycling the waste liquid, oxygen input subsystem is used for inputting high price state oxygen to flue gas treatment tower, the utility model solves the problem that the deamination, desulfurization of flue gas in relevant art is more complex, often needs to carry out in several times, and the processing efficiency is lower, and lacks the follow -up processing and the recycling of beneficial material of waste liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ammonia-containing flue gas treatment technology, and more specifically, to a flue gas ammonia removal system. Background Technology

[0002] In production environments such as cement plants and power plants, flue gas needs to be treated. The treatment process includes, but is not limited to, desulfurization, deammoniation, and carbon dioxide capture. However, the deammoniation and desulfurization processes in related technologies are quite complex, often requiring multiple steps, and lack follow-up treatment of waste liquids and recovery and utilization of beneficial substances. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a flue gas ammonia removal system to address the problems in related technologies where the ammonia and sulfur removal processes in flue gas are complex, often requiring multiple steps, resulting in low processing efficiency and a lack of subsequent treatment of waste liquid and recycling of beneficial substances.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a flue gas ammonia removal system, comprising:

[0005] A flue gas treatment tower, wherein a core processor, a spray assembly and a demisting assembly are arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the flue gas treatment tower, a flue gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the flue gas treatment tower, a flue gas inlet is provided on the flue gas treatment tower, and a liquid storage area is provided at the lower part of the flue gas treatment tower.

[0006] The flue gas inlet is located between the core processor and the liquid storage area. Under the action of the spray assembly, a multi-layer water film can be formed in the core processor. The flue gas and the absorbent sprayed by the spray assembly merge in the core processor and remove ammonia from the flue gas as it passes through the water film.

[0007] An absorbent circulation subsystem is provided, with its first end connected to the storage area and its second end connected to the spray assembly, for circulating and transporting the absorbent in the storage area to the spray assembly, where it is sprayed downwards by the spray assembly.

[0008] A pharmaceutical delivery subsystem, which is connected to the liquid storage area, is used to deliver the treatment agent to the liquid storage area;

[0009] A waste liquid treatment subsystem, which is connected to the liquid storage area, is used for the recycling and treatment of waste liquid;

[0010] An oxygen input subsystem is provided to input oxygen into the flue gas treatment tower to promote the oxidation reaction of sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas treatment tower.

[0011] Furthermore, the core processor includes:

[0012] A support structure, configured to allow solution flow, is fixedly connected to the flue gas treatment tower.

[0013] The processing plate is configured as a plurality of processing plates, which are axially disposed on the support structure and have a spacing between adjacent processing plates.

[0014] The treatment plate is provided with multiple through holes, and the pore size and density of the through holes satisfy the following condition: the sum of the solution flow rates allowed to pass through the multiple through holes per unit time is less than the solution flow rate flowing to the treatment plate where the through holes are located per unit time, so that a water film with a certain thickness can be formed on the upper surface of the treatment plate during the flue gas treatment process.

[0015] Furthermore, the waste liquid treatment subsystem includes:

[0016] The water treatment module is used to receive waste liquid discharged from the storage area and purify the waste liquid. The treated clean water is returned to the flue gas treatment tower, and the treated saline concentrate is transported to the next stage.

[0017] A buffer tank, connected to the water treatment module, is used to receive the treated saline concentrate and to deliver the saline concentrate to the next stage.

[0018] A decomposition furnace, connected to the buffer tank, is used to receive a portion of the saline concentrate from the buffer tank and recycle it.

[0019] A grate cooler, connected to the buffer tank, is used to receive a portion of the saline concentrate from the buffer tank and recycle it.

[0020] Furthermore, the oxygen input subsystem includes an oxidation fan, and an oxygen inlet is provided on the flue gas treatment tower. The oxygen inlet is located below the flue gas inlet, and the oxidation fan is connected to the oxygen inlet to input oxygen from the oxygen inlet into the flue gas treatment tower to promote the chemical reaction of sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas treatment tower.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes an absorption zone sump subsystem, which is connected to the liquid storage zone. This subsystem is used to extract the absorbent after it has participated in flue gas treatment from the liquid storage zone and transport the extracted absorbent back to the liquid storage zone. The absorption zone sump subsystem is also used to detect the absorbent after it has participated in flue gas treatment.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes an absorbent buffering system, which is used to buffer the absorbent in the storage area during maintenance and to transport the buffered absorbent back to the storage area.

[0023] Furthermore, the drug delivery subsystem includes:

[0024] An alkaline agent delivery assembly for introducing alkaline agents into the storage area;

[0025] An acidic agent delivery assembly for introducing acidic agents into the reservoir.

[0026] Furthermore, the spray assembly includes a first nozzle, a second nozzle, and a third nozzle arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The spray ranges of the first nozzle, the second nozzle, and the third nozzle intersect and collectively cover the core processor.

[0027] The absorbent circulation subsystem includes a first circulation pump, a second circulation pump, and a third circulation pump. The two ends of the first circulation pump are connected to the liquid storage area and the first nozzle, respectively. The two ends of the second circulation pump are connected to the liquid storage area and the second nozzle, respectively. The two ends of the third circulation pump are connected to the liquid storage area and the third nozzle, respectively.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a smoke collection subsystem, which is located at the top of the flue gas treatment tower and connected to the flue gas outlet. The smoke collection subsystem is used to collect the gas containing droplets after the flue gas treatment and to perform gas-liquid separation on the gas containing droplets. The separated gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet.

[0029] Furthermore, the smoke collection subsystem includes a smoke collection hood and an exhaust pipe. The smoke collection hood is cone-shaped and has a first vent. The first vent is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the smoke outlet.

[0030] The smoke hood is provided with a second vent, and the exhaust pipe is provided with a third vent. The second vent and the third vent are connected by a pipe. The orientation of the third vent is offset from the axis of the exhaust pipe so that the gas discharged from the third vent enters the exhaust pipe tangentially, causing the gas in the exhaust pipe to rise in a cyclone and separate into gas and liquid.

[0031] In this invention, during the ammonia removal process of flue gas, flue gas enters through the flue gas inlet at the bottom of the flue gas treatment tower. A reagent delivery subsystem introduces a treatment agent capable of absorbing ammonia from the flue gas into the storage zone at the bottom of the tower. The treatment agent mixes with an aqueous solution in the storage zone to form an absorbent. An absorbent circulation subsystem then transports the absorbent from the storage zone to a spray assembly, which sprays it onto the core processor below, causing the core processor to form a multi-layered water film. The flue gas entering the flue gas treatment tower flows upwards and merges with the sprayed absorbent at the core processor. As the flue gas passes through the multi-layered water film, most or all of the ammonia in the flue gas is washed away. The flue gas, after passing through the core processor, continues to flow upwards and remains in contact with the downward-spraying absorbent, further absorbing residual ammonia. The treated flue gas mixture flows upwards to the demister, where it adsorbs the liquid droplets, separating them into gas and liquid. The separated flue gas exits from the flue gas outlet at the top of the flue gas treatment tower, while the separated droplets flow downwards to the storage area. During the process, the oxygen input subsystem introduces oxygen into the flue gas treatment tower, promoting the oxidation reaction of sulfur-containing substances, such as converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide, which dissolves in water to form sulfuric acid, and reacts with calcium to form calcium sulfate, a direct industrial product. The waste liquid generated after flue gas treatment is transported out through the waste liquid treatment subsystem for recycling, extracting beneficial substances and reducing the content of harmful substances.

[0032] This invention enables the complete removal of ammonia from flue gas in a single process, improving flue gas treatment efficiency and reducing the complexity of the process. Furthermore, the process promotes the oxidation reaction of sulfur-containing substances in the tower, facilitating subsequent recovery. Simultaneously, the resulting waste liquid can be recycled, making full use of various beneficial substances and increasing economic value. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model, making other features, objects, and advantages of the utility model more apparent. The illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of the utility model. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the flue gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the processor structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a single processing unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the two-layer processing plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a top view of the processing plate according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle quarter processing plate;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the rectangular plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the smoke collection subsystem according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0043] The components include: 1. Processing unit; 2. Support structure; 201. Arc-shaped support plate; 202. Support beam; 203. Diagonal brace; 3. Processing plate; 30. Through hole; 31. Plate; 310. Irregularly shaped plate; 311. Rectangular plate; 4. Partition plate; 40. Horizontal plate; 41. Vertical plate; 5. Chamber; 6. Flue gas treatment tower; 601. Oxygen inlet; 602. Flue gas inlet; 603. Flue gas outlet; 7. Core processor; 8. Spray assembly; 801. First spray head; 802. Second spray head; 803. Third spray head; 9. Demisting assembly; 10. Liquid storage area; 11. Absorbent circulation subsystem; 110. First circulation pump; 1 11. Second circulation pump; 112. Third circulation pump; 12. Oxygen input subsystem; 120. Oxidation blower; 13. Dust collector; 14. Tail exhaust fan; 15. Waste liquid treatment subsystem; 150. Water treatment module; 151. Buffer tank; 152. Grate cooler; 153. Decomposition furnace; 16. Absorption zone pit subsystem; 17. Absorbent buffer system; 18. Reagent delivery subsystem; 180. Alkaline reagent delivery assembly; 181. Acidic reagent delivery assembly; 19. Smoke collection subsystem; 190. Smoke hood; 191. Second vent; 192. Third vent; 193. Exhaust pipe; 194. First vent. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To solve related technical problems, such as Figure 2 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a flue gas ammonia removal system, including:

[0045] The flue gas treatment tower 6 is provided with a core processor 7, a spray assembly 8 and a demisting assembly 9 arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the flue gas treatment tower 6. The upper end of the flue gas treatment tower 6 is provided with a flue gas outlet 603, the upper part of the flue gas treatment tower 6 is provided with a flue gas inlet 602, and the lower part of the flue gas treatment tower 6 is provided with a liquid storage area 10.

[0046] The flue gas inlet 602 is located between the core processor 7 and the liquid storage area 10. Under the action of the spray assembly, a multi-layer water film can be formed in the core processor. The flue gas and the absorbent sprayed by the spray assembly 8 merge in the core processor 7 and remove ammonia from the flue gas during the process of passing through the water film.

[0047] The absorbent circulation subsystem 11 has a first end connected to the storage area 10 and a second end connected to the spray assembly 8. It is used to circulate and transport the absorbent in the storage area 10 to the spray assembly 8, and spray it downwards from the spray assembly 8.

[0048] The agent delivery subsystem 18 is connected to the liquid storage area 10 and is used to deliver the treatment agent to the liquid storage area 10.

[0049] Waste liquid treatment subsystem 15 is connected to the liquid storage area 10 and is used for waste liquid recycling and treatment;

[0050] Oxygen input subsystem 12 is used to input oxygen into flue gas treatment tower 6 to promote the oxidation reaction of sulfur-containing substances in flue gas treatment tower 6.

[0051] In this embodiment, the flue gas treatment system is used to treat cement kiln tail gas, mainly for ammonia removal. The flue gas treatment process includes: flue gas is introduced into the flue gas inlet 602 at the bottom of the flue gas treatment tower 6; the reagent delivery subsystem 18 introduces a treatment agent capable of absorbing ammonia in the flue gas into the storage zone 10 at the bottom of the flue gas treatment tower 6; the treatment agent and aqueous solution are mixed in the storage zone 10 to form an absorbent; and the absorbent circulation subsystem 11 transports the absorbent in the storage zone 10 to the spray assembly 8; the absorbent is sprayed onto the core processor 7 below through the spray assembly 8, forming a multi-layer water film in the core processor 7. The flue gas entering the flue gas treatment tower 6 flows upward and merges with the sprayed absorbent in the core processor 7, washing away most of the substances to be treated, such as ammonia and sulfur, in the process of passing through the water film. The flue gas after passing through the core processor 7 continues to flow upward and continuously contacts the downward spraying absorbent, further absorbing and treating the residual substances in the flue gas. The treated flue gas mixed droplets flow upward to the demister 9. When passing through the demister 9, the demister 9 adsorbs the mixed droplets in the flue gas, performing gas-liquid separation. The separated flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet 603 at the top of the flue gas treatment tower 6, while the separated droplets flow downward to the liquid storage area 10.

[0052] During the treatment process, the oxygen input subsystem 12 introduces oxygen into the flue gas treatment tower 6 to promote the oxidation reaction of subvalent sulfur substances in the flue gas treatment tower 6, such as converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide, which dissolves in water to form sulfuric acid. After reacting with calcium in the subsequent process, it can form calcium sulfate, which can be directly used as an industrial product. The waste liquid generated after flue gas treatment is transported out through the waste liquid treatment subsystem 15 and recycled to extract beneficial substances from the waste liquid and reduce the content of harmful substances in the waste liquid.

[0053] Specifically, in this embodiment, the internal structure of the flue gas treatment tower 6 includes a core processor 7, a spray assembly 8, and a demister assembly 9 arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The core processor 7 is the area where the flue gas and absorbent converge. The flue gas undergoes thorough treatment and absorption in the core processor 7, where the absorbent washes away most or all of the substances to be treated in the flue gas, including ammonia, sulfur, nitrogen, and solid impurities. The absorbent sprayed from the spray assembly 8 washes away the substances to be treated in the flue gas after passing through the core processor 7 and flows downwards into the liquid storage area 10.

[0054] The core processor 7 may include a processing plate with a porous structure. The downward-flowing absorbent can form a water film on the processing plate while passing through the porous structure. Flue gas can pass through the water film and flow upwards, where the absorbent treats the flue gas. The formation and thickness of the water film can be controlled by adjusting the spray volume of the spray assembly 8. Theoretically, a water film can be formed when the spray volume exceeds the flow rate of the porous structure. A larger spray volume results in a thicker water film, which in turn increases the resistance to the flue gas. Therefore, a suitable spray volume can be selected to form a water film of appropriate thickness, ensuring both thorough treatment of the flue gas and maintaining a certain velocity after treatment, thereby improving flue gas treatment efficiency.

[0055] The flue gas passing through the core processor 7 and spray assembly 8 contains some droplets. These droplets contain absorbent and substances partially dissolved in the absorbent. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the droplets from the flue gas before it is discharged. In this embodiment, the demister assembly 9, located above the spray assembly 8, is used to remove the droplets from the flue gas. Since the flue gas entering the flue gas treatment tower 6 has a certain initial velocity, it maintains a certain upward flow velocity even after contact with the absorbent. The flue gas, carrying droplets, flows upward until it contacts the demister assembly 9. The demister assembly 9 then blocks the flow of the flue gas, changing its direction. Because the flue gas, as a gas, can change direction and continue to flow upward after being blocked, the droplets in the flue gas, after being blocked, will adhere to the blocking components, collect, and then drip downwards. In one embodiment, the demister assembly 9 includes multiple baffles, which increase the resistance during the flue gas flow to remove the droplets.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the absorbent circulation subsystem 11, reagent delivery subsystem 18, waste liquid treatment subsystem 15, and oxygen input subsystem 12 are connected to the flue gas treatment tower 6 as external systems. The absorbent circulation subsystem 11 continuously delivers the absorbent from the storage area 10 to the spray assembly 8. The absorbent sprayed by the spray assembly 8 returns to the storage area 10 after treating the flue gas. In one embodiment, the absorbent circulation subsystem 11 mainly includes one or more circulation pumps.

[0057] The reagent delivery subsystem 18 is used to deliver the treatment reagent to the storage zone 10 of the flue gas treatment tower 6, where the treatment reagent mixes with the aqueous solution to form an absorbent. Depending on the specific treatment requirements, the reagent delivery subsystem 18 delivers different types of treatment reagents to the storage zone 10. The aqueous solution in the storage zone 10 can be directly input via a water tank and a water pump.

[0058] Since the absorbent after flue gas treatment will still flow back to the storage area 10, a large amount of waste liquid will accumulate in the storage area 10 after a period of treatment, so the waste liquid needs to be treated. In this embodiment, the waste liquid treatment subsystem 15 extracts and treats the waste liquid in the storage area 10, and utilizes the beneficial substances in the waste liquid. The specific treatment method can be determined by analyzing the composition of the waste liquid.

[0059] The oxygen input subsystem 12 is used to input oxygen into the flue gas treatment tower 6 to promote the treatment of flue gas and subsequent recycling of waste liquid, reduce the complexity of subsequent treatment processes, and improve economic value.

[0060] This invention enables the complete removal of ammonia from flue gas in a single process, improving flue gas treatment efficiency and reducing the complexity of flue gas treatment. Furthermore, the process promotes the oxidation reaction of sulfur-containing substances in the tower, facilitating subsequent recovery. Simultaneously, the resulting waste liquid can be recycled and treated again, making full use of various beneficial substances and increasing economic value.

[0061] To further improve processing efficiency, such as Figure 2 As shown, the flue gas first passes through the dust collector 13, then through the tail exhaust fan 14, and then enters the flue gas treatment tower 6. The dust collector 13 removes dust from the flue gas, reducing the solid content in the flue gas, while the tail exhaust fan 14 accelerates the flue gas, increasing the flow velocity of the flue gas within the flue gas treatment tower 6.

[0062] Furthermore, when the flue gas temperature is high, it is necessary to lower the flue gas temperature before it comes into contact with the absorbent to ensure treatment effectiveness. Therefore, a cooling device can be installed inside the flue gas treatment tower 6 to cool the flue gas entering from the flue gas inlet 602 before it flows upwards to contact the absorbent. In one embodiment, the cooling device can be a cooling water spray device installed inside the flue gas treatment tower 6 and corresponding to the flue gas inlet 602. The cooling water spray device sprays cooling water onto the flue gas inlet 602 to cool the flue gas.

[0063] Furthermore, to improve the processing efficiency of flue gas in the core processor 7, such as... Figures 2 to 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the core processor 7 includes:

[0064] Support structure 2 is configured to allow solution flow, and support structure 2 is fixedly connected to flue gas treatment tower 6.

[0065] Processing plate 3, multiple processing plates 3 are provided, and multiple processing plates 3 are arranged axially on the support structure 2, with a spacing between adjacent processing plates 3;

[0066] The treatment plate 3 is provided with multiple through holes 30. The pore size and density of the through holes 30 satisfy the following: the sum of the flow rates of the solution allowed to pass through the multiple through holes 30 under no-pressure conditions per unit time is less than the flow rate of the solution flowing to the treatment plate 3 where the through holes 30 are located per unit time, so that a water film of a certain thickness can be formed on the upper surface of the treatment plate 3 during the flue gas treatment process.

[0067] The core processor, as the core flue gas treatment component of the flue gas treatment tower, includes a support structure 2 and a treatment plate 3 in this embodiment. The support structure 2 is used to install and support the treatment plate 3, and can be fixed inside the flue gas treatment tower. Since the solution needs to flow through the processor, the support structure 2 should not only meet the support performance requirements but also allow the solution to pass through. In one embodiment, the support structure 2 can be a skeleton structure composed of multiple beams welded or spliced ​​together. In this embodiment, multiple treatment plates 3 are provided, and the multiple treatment plates 3 are arranged axially on the support structure 2. In other words, the multiple treatment plates 3 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom or from bottom to top on the support structure 2. Multiple through holes 30 are formed on the treatment plate 3, and the multiple through holes 30 are distributed on the treatment plate 3 according to a certain density design, allowing the solution and flue gas to pass through.

[0068] like Figure 5As shown, taking two treatment plates 3 as an example, the solution sprayed by the spray assembly first flows to the upper treatment plate 3, then flows down through the through holes 30 on the upper treatment plate 3 to the lower treatment plate 3, and finally flows through the through holes 30 on the lower treatment plate 3 to the lower part of the flue gas treatment tower. The flue gas, on the other hand, first passes through the through holes 30 on the lower treatment plate 3, and then through the through holes 30 on the upper treatment plate 3. Therefore, in order to increase the reaction time of the flue gas with the solution in the processor, this embodiment aims to form a water film of a certain thickness on the upper surface of the two treatment plates 3. After passing through the through holes 30 on the treatment plate 3, the flue gas needs to continue to pass through the water film on the treatment plate 3. During the process of passing through the water film, it can fully contact the solution, increasing the residence time and degree of reaction of the flue gas.

[0069] To form a water film on the treatment plate 3, in this embodiment, the aperture of the through holes 30 should satisfy the condition that the sum of the allowable solution flow rates through multiple through holes 30 per unit time is less than the solution flow rate to the treatment plate 3 where the through holes 30 are located per unit time. Specifically, the density and aperture of the through holes 30 on a single treatment plate 3 determine the solution flow rate through that treatment plate 3 per unit time. In order for a water film to form on the upper surface of the treatment plate 3, the solution flow rate to the treatment plate 3 per unit time needs to be greater than the solution flow rate through the treatment plate 3 per unit time; the larger the difference, the thicker the water film formed.

[0070] Generally, the flow rate of the solution flowing to the upper treatment plate 3 is close to the flow rate of the solution flowing to the lower treatment plate 3. Therefore, the density and pore size of the through holes 30 in the upper treatment plate 3 are equal to those in the lower treatment plate 3, so that water films of similar thickness are formed on both the upper and lower treatment plates 3. Of course, the through holes 30 in the upper and lower treatment plates 3 can also be designed differently to form water films of different thicknesses in the upper and lower layers.

[0071] Additionally, it should be noted that a thicker water film increases resistance to flue gas, thus reducing flue gas flow velocity and consequently slowing down the overall flue gas treatment process. Similarly, the more treatment plates 3 there are, the greater the resistance to flue gas, which also reduces the flue gas treatment speed. Therefore, the number of treatment plate 3 layers and the thickness of the water film should be designed by comprehensively considering both the resistance of the treatment plate 3 to the flue gas and the flue gas flow velocity.

[0072] Furthermore, since the flue gas enters the flue gas treatment tower from one side, without the treatment plates 3, the flue gas concentration is higher in the space near the flue gas inlet and lower in the apertures farther from the inlet. With the treatment plates 3 installed, the resistance they provide to the flue gas causes it to diffuse outwards upon contact, thus redistributing the flue gas and resulting in a more uniform distribution within the tower. Furthermore, when multiple treatment plates 3 are installed, each plate can effectively redistribute the flue gas, further improving the uniformity of the distribution.

[0073] This embodiment achieves the goal of forming a water film of a certain thickness on the upper surface of each treatment plate 3 by utilizing the through holes 30 on the treatment plate 3 when spraying solution onto the treatment plate 3 after setting multiple treatment plates 3 distributed along the axis. The flue gas introduced from below the treatment plate 3 needs to pass through the water film and flow upward. The purpose of using the water film is to increase the contact degree and reaction time between the flue gas and the solution, thereby increasing the reaction time between the flue gas and the solution in the processor, so that the flue gas can fully react with the solution when passing through the processor, and improving the treatment degree of impurities and gases in the flue gas. This solves the problem in related technologies where the reaction time between the flue gas and the solution in the treatment tower is too short, resulting in incomplete flue gas treatment. Furthermore, by increasing the reaction time between the flue gas and the solution, the effective utilization rate of the solution is also improved, and the recovery pressure and operating costs are reduced.

[0074] In one embodiment, the diameter of the through hole 30 on the upper processing plate 3 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 30 on the lower processing plate 3; and / or

[0075] The density of through holes 30 on the upper processing plate 3 is greater than the density of through holes 30 on the lower processing plate 3.

[0076] Specifically, it should be noted that the flue gas velocity and temperature are higher near the flue gas inlet within the flue gas treatment tower. To improve the flue gas treatment effect, it is necessary to reduce the flue gas velocity and temperature as quickly as possible and ensure a more uniform distribution of the flue gas within the tower. The lower processing plate 3 in the processor is closest to the flue gas inlet, therefore, the aforementioned objective needs to be achieved through the lower processing plate 3. To achieve this objective, the water film thickness on the lower processing plate 3 needs to be increased. Since the solution flow rate to the processing plate 3 is constant, when the number of through holes 30 is the same, increasing the water film thickness requires reducing the aperture of the through holes 30 on the lower processing plate 3. Conversely, when the aperture of the through holes 30 is the same, increasing the water film thickness requires reducing the number of through holes 30 on the lower processing plate 3, thus reducing the density of the through holes 30 on the lower processing plate 3. In actual operation, one method can be selected to adjust the water film thickness on the lower processing plate 3, or both methods can be selected simultaneously, depending on the situation.

[0077] In one embodiment, the through hole 30 on the upper processing plate 3 is misaligned with the through hole 30 on the lower processing plate 3.

[0078] Specifically, in this embodiment, taking two processing plates 3 as an example, the flow path of the flue gas through the processor is as follows: it first flows in through the through-hole 30 on the lower processing plate 3, flows upward in the space between the two processing plates 3, and then flows out through the through-hole 30 on the upper processing plate 3. To further improve the uniformity of flue gas distribution, in this embodiment, the through-holes 30 on the upper and lower processing plates 3 are staggered, so that the flue gas flowing in from the through-hole 30 on the lower processing plate 3 will be further diffused by the obstruction of the upper processing plate 3, and then flows out from the through-hole 30 on the upper processing plate 3.

[0079] Optionally, the upper surface of the treatment plate 3 is provided with a catalytic coating, which is used to accelerate the chemical reaction between the flue gas and the solution.

[0080] Specifically, it should be noted that when ammonia and sulfur dioxide in flue gas need to be treated, the sprayed solution contains sulfate ions. After the solution comes into contact with the flue gas, the ammonia and sulfur dioxide in the flue gas react with the sulfate ions to produce salts such as ammonium sulfate. Therefore, a catalyst can be added to accelerate this chemical reaction. In this embodiment, a catalytic coating is provided on the upper surface of the treatment plate 3. The catalytic coating is a coating containing a catalyst. Since most of the flue gas treatment process takes place within the water film on the upper surface of the treatment plate 3, when the catalytic coating is provided on the upper surface of the treatment plate 3, the catalytic coating can catalyze the chemical reaction within the water film, thereby improving the flue gas treatment efficiency.

[0081] In another embodiment, a loosely packed catalytic packing is arranged on the upper surface of the treatment plate 3. After a water film is formed, the catalytic packing is located inside the water film, and the chemical reaction between the flue gas and the solution is accelerated by the catalytic packing.

[0082] Optionally, such as Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the upper surface of the processing plate 3 is provided with multiple partitions 4, which form multiple mutually separated chambers 5 above the processing plate 3.

[0083] Specifically, in this embodiment, to ensure a uniform water film thickness on the upper surface of the treatment plate 3, the treatment plate 3 needs to be horizontal. Since the flue gas treatment tower has a large diameter, the treatment plate 3 often also has a large diameter, making it difficult to guarantee its horizontality during installation. When the treatment plate 3 is a flat plate structure, if several treatment plates 3 are tilted, the higher end of the treatment plate 3 will have a thinner or no water film, resulting in untreated flue gas, while the lower end will have a thicker water film, hindering the smooth passage of flue gas.

[0084] Therefore, in this embodiment, multiple partitions 4 are provided on the upper surface of the treatment plate 3, forming multiple mutually separated chambers 5 above the treatment plate 3 through the partitions 4. Even if the treatment plate 3 is in an inclined state after installation, because multiple chambers 5 are formed through the partitions 4, the solution on the treatment plate 3 will not flow directly from the higher side to the lower side, but will ensure that a water film of a certain thickness can be formed in each chamber 5.

[0085] In addition, by adding a partition 4 to the processing plate 3 in this embodiment, the structural strength and bending resistance of the entire processing plate 3 are increased, and it is not easy for the processing plate 3 to bend and deform even if the diameter of the processing plate 3 is large.

[0086] In one implementation, such as Figures 2 to 6 As shown ( Figure 4 The longitudinal plate 41 in the partition 4 is omitted. The partition 4 can be a crisscrossing plate structure, including multiple transverse plates 40 and longitudinal plates 41. The transverse plates 40 and longitudinal plates 41 are welded and fixed to the upper surface of the treatment plate 3. The transverse plates 40 and longitudinal plates 41 divide the upper surface of the treatment plate 3 into multiple regions, each region forming an independent chamber 5. The regions located at the edges can be enclosed by adding circular plates to the edges of the treatment plate 3, or by using the support structure 2 or the inner wall of the flue gas treatment tower as the enclosed edge of the region.

[0087] To facilitate the fixed connection of the horizontal plate 40 and the vertical plate 41, such as Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, a first folding portion 400 may be provided at the upper end of all the horizontal plates 40, and a second folding portion 410 may be provided at the upper end of the vertical plate 41. The first folding portion 400 and the second folding portion 410 are attached and fixedly connected. Both the first folding portion 400 and the second folding portion 410 may be plate-shaped structures extending in the horizontal direction.

[0088] In another embodiment, when the first folding portion 400 is provided at the upper end of a portion of the horizontal plates 40, since the vertical plate 41 is located between two adjacent horizontal plates 40, in order to ensure that each second folding portion 410 on the vertical plate 41 can have a corresponding first folding portion 400, the first folding portion 400 can be provided at the upper end of one of the two adjacent horizontal plates 40. In addition, the side surface of the vertical plate 41 can also be welded and fixed to the inner surface of the horizontal plate 40, thereby further improving the connection strength.

[0089] In one embodiment, the treatment plate 3 is a circular plate. In another embodiment, the treatment plate 3 may be multiple sector-shaped plates, which need to be spliced ​​together to form a circular plate during installation to facilitate installation inside the flue gas treatment tower.

[0090] In one implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, the processing plate 3 includes multiple individual plates 31, each plate 31 having multiple through holes 30, and the plates 31 are fixed to the support structure 2.

[0091] When the overall diameter of the processing plate 3 is large, to facilitate the transportation and installation of the processing plate 3, in this embodiment, the processing plate 3 is divided into multiple individual panels 31. During transportation, the multiple panels 31 can be stacked to reduce the space occupied. During installation, each panel 31 is fixed to the support structure 2 one by one according to the corresponding division method, and finally assembled into the processing plate 3 and the processor. The panels 31 can be fixed to the support structure 2 by welding or bolts, etc., and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0092] Depending on the division method, different numbers and shapes of plates 31 will be formed. In one embodiment, the processing plate 3 is a circular plate as a whole, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, by dividing the processing plate 3 longitudinally and laterally, multiple rectangular plates 311 and irregularly shaped plates 310 with curved edges can be obtained. The irregularly shaped plates 310 correspond to the edge areas of the processing plate 3. Furthermore, the spacing of the divisions also determines the size of each plate 31, so the corresponding division method can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0093] In another embodiment, the processing plate 3 includes multiple fan-shaped plates that can be spliced ​​into a circle, for example, the processing plate 3 includes two semi-circular plates. Similarly, dividing a single processing plate 3 longitudinally and laterally can yield multiple rectangular plates 311 and irregularly shaped plates 310 with arc-shaped edges, the irregularly shaped plates 310 corresponding to the edge regions of the processing plate 3.

[0094] After the processing plate 3 is divided into multiple plates, in order to enable the processing plate 3 to form multiple chambers 5 through the longitudinal plate 41 and the transverse plate 40 after assembly, in this embodiment, a transverse plate 40 is respectively provided on the opposite sides of the rectangular plate 311, and the transverse plates 40 between adjacent rectangular plates 311 are attached to each other and fixedly connected. A longitudinal plate 41 is provided in the middle of each rectangular plate 311.

[0095] Specifically, in this embodiment, the horizontal plate 40 is a plate-like structure arranged in a single direction. For the rectangular plate 311, the horizontal plate 40 is only provided on opposite sides of the rectangular plate 311 (for example, on opposite sides of the long side or opposite sides of the short side of the rectangular plate 311). When the rectangular plate 311 is arranged on the support structure 2 along the opposite side, the horizontal plates 40 between adjacent rectangular plates 311 fit together, and the rectangular plates 311 can be welded or fixed to the support structure 2 by bolts, while the adjacent horizontal plates 40 are welded or fixed by bolts.

[0096] In one implementation, such as Figure 8As shown, the height of the horizontal plate 40 on one long side of the rectangular plate 311 is less than the height of the horizontal plate 40 on the other side. This facilitates welding and fixing of the two adjacent horizontal plates 40 while reducing the material used in the horizontal plates 40, thereby reducing the cost. In this embodiment, since the height of the horizontal plate 40 on one side of the rectangular plate 311 is smaller, it is not possible to provide a first folding portion 400 for connection with the second folding portion 410 on the vertical plate 41. Therefore, for a rectangular plate 311, the first folding portion 400 can be provided on the horizontal plate 40 with a higher height on the rectangular plate 311.

[0097] When assembling the two rectangular panels 311, as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the higher horizontal plate 40 on one rectangular plate 311 fits into the lower horizontal plate 40 on the other rectangular plate 311. Therefore, after assembly, both sides of the same rectangular plate 311 have higher horizontal plates 40. The higher horizontal plates 40 can be provided with first folding parts 400. Thus, both ends of the second folding parts 410 on the vertical plate 41 arranged on the rectangular plate 311 can be fixedly connected to the corresponding first folding parts.

[0098] In one implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the support structure 2 includes crisscrossing support beams 202, and each rectangular plate 311 and irregular plate 310 is fixed on the support beams 202.

[0099] Specifically, in this embodiment, the support beams 202 are arranged in a crisscross pattern to provide stable support for the processing plate 3. Since there are multiple processing plates 3, there are also multiple sets of support beams 202, with each set of support beams 202 supporting one processing plate 3. The upper and lower sets of support beams 202 can be connected by connectors such as diagonal braces 203 to ensure the structural stability of the entire support structure 2.

[0100] When the processing plate 3 is divided into multiple plates, in order to provide a fixed position for each plate, in this embodiment, the position of the support beam 202 corresponds to the division position of the processing plate 3, that is, it corresponds to the edge position of the plate. At least one opposite edge on the plate can be fixed on the corresponding support beam 202.

[0101] In one embodiment, the support structure 2 further includes a surrounding plate 204, and the support beam 202 is fixed to the inner side of the surrounding plate 204.

[0102] Specifically, the enclosure plate 204 surrounds the outside of the entire support beam 202 and the treatment plate 3. The support beam 202 and the treatment plate 3 are both installed inside the enclosure plate 204. The enclosure plate 204 can be fixedly connected to the inside of the flue gas treatment tower. The entire processor is installed inside the flue gas treatment tower through the enclosure plate 204.

[0103] In one specific embodiment, for ease of transportation, the support structure 2 is configured as two semi-circular parts, which can be installed in the flue gas treatment tower on-site to form a circular structure. Correspondingly, in a single part of the support structure 2, the surrounding plate 204 includes a semi-circular plate and a straight plate. The two ends of the straight plate are fixed to the two ends of the semi-circular plate to form a semi-circular frame. The support beam 202 is fixed within this frame and is fixedly connected to the corresponding semi-circular plate and straight plate. In this embodiment, when dividing the circular treatment plate 3, the circular treatment plate 3 is preferentially divided into two semi-circular plates, and then the two semi-circular plates are further divided.

[0104] In addition to providing a catalytic coating on the treatment plate 3, the treatment plate 3 can also be made of a catalytic material to accelerate the chemical reaction between the flue gas and the solution.

[0105] For large flue gas treatment towers, it is necessary to configure flue gas processors with larger diameters, but the installation and transportation of large-diameter flue gas processors are quite difficult.

[0106] Therefore, based on the above implementation methods, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a processor for flue gas treatment, including:

[0107] The processor includes multiple processing units 1, which are fan-shaped and can be assembled circumferentially in a cylindrical space.

[0108] The processing unit 1 includes a support structure 2 and a processing plate 3. The support structure 2 is configured to allow solution flow.

[0109] The processing plate 3 is provided with multiple through holes 30. The pore size and density of the through holes 30 satisfy the following condition: the sum of the solution flow rates allowed to pass through the multiple through holes 30 per unit time is less than the solution flow rate to the processing plate 3 where the through holes 30 are located per unit time.

[0110] In this embodiment, the processor is configured as multiple separate processing units 1, each processing unit 1 being fan-shaped. These fan-shaped processing units 1, arranged circumferentially, can be installed within a columnar space, i.e., within a flue gas treatment tower. Depending on the layout, the multiple processing units 1 can be arranged close together or spaced apart; to fully utilize space, close proximity is preferred. Each processing unit 1 includes a support structure 2 and a processing plate 3. The support structure 2 and processing plate 3 in this embodiment function the same as those in the above embodiments, and will not be described again here. In one embodiment, the support structure 2 is configured as a fan-shaped frame structure, and the processing plate 3 in a single processing unit 1 can be one or more. When only one processing plate 3 is used, it is fan-shaped and mounted on the support structure 2.

[0111] This embodiment achieves the goal of setting the processor as multiple separable processing units 1. During transportation, the processing units 1 can be placed separately. After arriving at the site, the multiple processing units 1 are installed one by one in the flue gas treatment tower. Since the processing units 1 are fan-shaped, they can be assembled into a circular processor by installing them in a certain order along the circumference. This allows the processor to be adapted to the columnar flue gas treatment tower, thereby reducing the space requirements for large processors during transportation and reducing the installation difficulty. This solves the problem of inconvenient installation and transportation of large-diameter flue gas processors in related technologies.

[0112] In one implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the support structure 2 includes a surrounding plate 204 and a support beam 202. The surrounding plate 204 encloses a fan-shaped space, and multiple support beams 202 are arranged in the fan-shaped space. The support beams 202 are fixedly connected to the surrounding plate 204.

[0113] The processing plate 3 is located in the fan-shaped space and is fixedly connected to the support beam 202.

[0114] Specifically, in this embodiment, the processing plate 3 can be a sector-shaped plate that matches the sector-shaped space, or it can be composed of multiple plates 31 installed in the sector-shaped space to form the processing plate 3. The edge of the processing plate 3 is attached to the inner side of the surrounding plate 204, and the surrounding plate 204 serves as a barrier structure for the water film on the processing plate 3.

[0115] When the surrounding plate 204 encloses a fan-shaped space, such as Figure 4 As shown, the surrounding plate 204 includes a first plate 2040 and a second plate 2041. In this embodiment, the surrounding plate 204 has at least two forms, one of which is that the fan-shaped space enclosed by the surrounding plate 204 is semi-circular, and the other is that the fan-shaped space enclosed by the surrounding plate 204 is a non-semi-circular fan. Correspondingly, when the fan-shaped space enclosed by the surrounding plate 204 is semi-circular, the first plate 2040 is a semi-circular arc plate, the second plate 2041 is a straight plate, and the two ends of the second plate 2041 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the arc plate.

[0116] When the fan-shaped space enclosed by the surrounding plate 204 is another fan shape, the first plate 2040 is a non-semi-circular arc plate, the second plate 2041 is a V-shaped plate, and the two ends of the second plate 2041 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the arc plate.

[0117] The two ends of the support beam 202 are fixedly connected to the corresponding first plate 2040 and second plate 2041, which can be fixed by welding or bolting.

[0118] When adjacent processing units 1 are tightly fitted together, the second plate 2041 in the adjacent surrounding plate 204 is tightly fitted together, and the two ends of the first plate 2040 in the adjacent surrounding plate 204 are tightly fitted together to form a circle.

[0119] In one implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the support structure 2 is set as two and symmetrically distributed, and the corresponding surrounding plate 204 forms a semi-circular space. The first plate 2040 is a semi-circular arc plate, and the second plate 2041 is a straight plate. The second plates 2041 in the two support structures 2 are closely attached.

[0120] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, multiple support beams 202 are crisscrossed, and the two ends of the support beams 202 are fixedly connected to the surrounding plate 204; the treatment plate 3 is fixed to the upper end face of the support beams 202.

[0121] At least one of the multiple support beams 202 is attached to the inner side of the second plate 2041; in order to facilitate the support of the arc-shaped edge of the treatment plate 3, the support structure 2 in this embodiment also includes an arc-shaped support plate 201, which is fixed to the inner side of the surrounding plate 204 and attached to the inner side of the first plate 2040. The arc-shaped edge of the treatment plate 3 is supported by the arc-shaped support plate 201, and the straight edge of the treatment plate 3 is supported by the support beam 202.

[0122] When the processing plate 3 is set as two groups distributed vertically, the support beam 202 is set as two groups and distributed vertically in the fan-shaped space. Each group of support beams 202 is set as multiple and crisscrossed. The upper end of each group of support beams 202 is fixed with the processing plate 3.

[0123] To further improve the support performance, the support structure 2 also includes diagonal braces 203. Multiple diagonal braces 203 are set and located between the two sets of support beams 202. The upper and lower ends of the diagonal braces 203 are fixedly connected to the corresponding support beams 202 respectively.

[0124] In one implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the waste liquid treatment subsystem 15 includes:

[0125] Water treatment module 150 is used to receive waste liquid discharged from storage area 10 and purify the waste liquid. The treated clean water is returned to flue gas treatment tower 6, and the treated saline concentrate is transported to the next stage.

[0126] Buffer tank 151 is connected to water treatment module 150 and is used to receive the treated saline concentrate and deliver the saline concentrate to the next stage.

[0127] Decomposition furnace 153 is connected to buffer tank 151 and is used to receive the separated saline concentrate and recycle it.

[0128] The grate cooler 152 is connected to the buffer tank 151 and is used to receive a portion of the saline concentrate from the buffer tank for recycling.

[0129] In this embodiment, the water treatment module 150 is connected to the storage area 10 via a water pump. The water pump draws waste liquid from the storage area 10 into the water treatment module 150, where it is treated. The treatment process may include purifying the waste liquid. The treated water is then pumped back to the storage area 10 as a solvent for the treatment agent, while the treated saline concentrate is sent to the buffer tank 151. The saline concentrate contains solid particulate impurities, water-soluble salts, and insoluble salts, thus requiring further treatment.

[0130] Specifically, after treating the flue gas, the resulting saline solution contains ammonium salts, ammonium sulfate, and nitrogen oxides. Therefore, the concentrated saline solution can be transported to the decomposition furnace 153 for high-temperature treatment. Under high-temperature conditions, ammonium sulfate decomposes into sulfate and ammonia. The sulfate reacts with the alkaline mineral calcium oxide from the decomposition of calcium carbonate in the decomposition furnace 153 to form calcium sulfate, which is then fed into the kiln with the raw materials. The ammonia from the decomposition of ammonium salts reacts with nitrogen oxides in a redox reaction to generate nitrogen gas, which can be used for denitrification to save ammonia water. Ultimately, in this embodiment, the concentrated saline solution is treated to obtain calcium sulfate, nitrogen gas, and ammonia water. Alternatively, the concentrated saline solution can be directly fed into the grate cooler 152 for treatment, for example, into the high-temperature section of the grate cooler 152 for treatment and recycling. The treatment includes feeding the ammonia from the decomposition of ammonium salts into the kiln with the secondary and tertiary air for direct denitrification to save ammonia water, while the sulfate from the decomposition of ammonium salts reacts with the alkaline mineral calcium oxide on the clinker surface to form stable calcium salts, which are then fed into the storage facility with the clinker.

[0131] In this embodiment, the flue gas is treated with ammonia removal and desulfurization via the flue gas treatment tower 6. The ammonia water obtained after ammonia removal can be further used for denitrification treatment, thus completing the treatment of multiple substances in a single process, further improving treatment efficiency, and fully recovering and utilizing the beneficial substances after flue gas treatment. Additionally, it should be noted that in this invention, oxygen is introduced into the flue gas treatment tower 6 through the oxygen input subsystem 12, enabling the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas treatment tower 6 to be converted into sulfur trioxide. After dissolving in water, sulfur trioxide can react with ammonia to form ammonium sulfate, which is beneficial for the subsequent formation of calcium sulfate.

[0132] In one implementation, such as Figure 1As shown, the oxygen input subsystem 12 includes an oxidation blower 120. An oxygen inlet 601 is provided on the flue gas treatment tower 6, located below the flue gas inlet 602. The oxidation blower 120 is connected to the oxygen inlet 601 to introduce oxygen into the flue gas treatment tower 6, thereby promoting the chemical reaction of sulfur-containing substances within the flue gas treatment tower 6. Multiple oxidation blowers 120 can be configured according to actual needs.

[0133] In one embodiment, since the absorbent in the storage area 10 needs to be monitored in real time during the flue gas treatment process, including but not limited to monitoring the composition and pH value of the absorbent, the flue gas ammonia removal system in this embodiment further includes an absorption zone sump subsystem 16. The absorption zone sump subsystem 16 is connected to the storage area 10 and is used to extract the absorbent after flue gas treatment from the storage area 10 and transport the extracted absorbent back to the storage area 10. The absorption zone sump subsystem 16 is used to monitor the absorbent after flue gas treatment.

[0134] Specifically, in this embodiment, the absorption zone sump subsystem 16 includes an absorption zone sump and a corresponding sump pump. The sump pump continuously pumps liquid from the storage zone 10 into the absorption zone sump, and the liquid in the absorption zone sump is monitored by corresponding detection equipment. Simultaneously, the liquid in the absorption zone sump also needs to be continuously transported back to the storage zone 10 for use as an absorbent. Therefore, the liquid in the absorption zone sump is in a continuous flow state, and its state is basically consistent with that of the liquid in the storage zone 10. The state of the liquid in the storage zone 10 can be determined by monitoring the liquid in the absorption zone sump.

[0135] In one implementation, the replenishment of treatment agents, the replenishment of aqueous solutions, and the extraction of waste liquid can be determined by the state of the liquid in the absorption zone pit.

[0136] In one embodiment, to facilitate maintenance and cleaning of the flue gas treatment tower 6, it is necessary to discharge the absorbent in the storage zone 10. Therefore, this embodiment also includes an absorbent buffering system 17, which is used to buffer the absorbent in the storage zone 10 and to return the buffered absorbent to the storage zone 10.

[0137] Specifically, the absorbent buffer system 17 may include an absorbent buffer tank 151, whose input end can be connected in parallel to the output end of the absorption zone sump subsystem 16, and whose output end is connected to the storage zone 10 via an absorbent return pump. The absorbent in the storage zone 10 is buffered by the absorbent buffer tank 151, facilitating maintenance and cleaning of the flue gas treatment tower 6. In subsequent treatment processes, the absorbent is then transported back to the storage zone 10 via the absorbent return pump.

[0138] In one implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the drug delivery subsystem 18 includes: an alkaline drug delivery assembly 180 for delivering alkaline drugs into the storage area 10; and an acidic drug delivery assembly 181 for delivering acidic drugs into the storage area 10.

[0139] In one embodiment, to improve the treatment effect of flue gas, it is desirable that the flue gas in each area of ​​the flue gas treatment tower 6 can come into contact with the absorbent sprayed by the spray assembly 8, thereby treating the flue gas using the absorbent. Furthermore, in the core processor 7, a water film needs to be formed by the absorbent sprayed by the spray assembly 8. To ensure sufficient contact between the flue gas and the absorbent, the surface of the core processor 7 should be completely covered by the water film, so that all flue gas passing through the core processor 7 must pass through the water film.

[0140] Therefore, the spray range of the spray assembly 8 needs to cover the core processor 7 to form a complete water film on the core processor 7. Even after the processing board of the core processor 7 is divided into zones, a water film can still be formed in each zone to ensure sufficient contact between the flue gas and the absorbent.

[0141] Specifically, in this embodiment, the spray assembly 8 includes a first spray head 801, a second spray head 802, and a third spray head 803 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The spray ranges of the first spray head 801, the second spray head 802, and the third spray head 803 intersect and collectively cover the core processor 7. In this embodiment, each spray head includes multiple nozzles, and the ranges of the nozzles overlap to avoid missed areas. The first spray head 801, the second spray head 802, and the third spray head 803 are staggered at a certain angle in the circumferential direction to ensure full coverage.

[0142] Correspondingly, after setting the first nozzle 801, the second nozzle 802 and the third nozzle 803, the absorbent circulation subsystem 11 includes a first circulation pump 110, a second circulation pump 111 and a third circulation pump 112. The two ends of the first circulation pump 110 are connected to the liquid storage area 10 and the first nozzle 801, respectively. The two ends of the second circulation pump 111 are connected to the liquid storage area 10 and the second nozzle 802, respectively. The two ends of the third circulation pump 112 are connected to the liquid storage area 10 and the third nozzle 803, respectively.

[0143] In this invention, although the flue gas carrying droplets undergoes gas-liquid separation via the demister assembly 9, the separated flue gas still contains some tiny droplets, which also need to be treated. Therefore, as... Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment also includes a smoke collection subsystem 19, which is located at the top of the flue gas treatment tower 6 and is connected to the flue gas outlet 603. The smoke collection subsystem 19 is used to collect the gas containing droplets after the flue gas treatment and to perform gas-liquid separation on the gas containing droplets. The separated gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet 603.

[0144] Specifically, the smoke collection subsystem 19 can adopt different structures depending on the gas-liquid separation method. For example, a dedicated gas-liquid separation device can be connected to the upper end of the flue gas treatment tower to perform gas-liquid separation of the flue gas. In another embodiment, the rising velocity of the flue gas is used to cause the flue gas to rotate and contact the walls along the path, thereby achieving gas-liquid separation. In yet another embodiment, the flow path of the flue gas is increased and the path is made tortuous in multiple ways to achieve gas-liquid separation.

[0145] To reduce costs, the flow velocity of flue gas is rationally utilized for gas-liquid separation, reducing resistance during the separation process to ensure sufficient treatment efficiency. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, the smoke collection subsystem 19 in this embodiment includes a smoke collection hood 190 and an exhaust pipe 193. The smoke collection hood 190 is cone-shaped, and a first vent 194 is provided at the upper end of the smoke collection hood 190. The lower end of the exhaust pipe 193 is connected to the first vent 194, and the exhaust pipe 193 is connected to the smoke outlet 603.

[0146] The smoke hood 190 is provided with a second vent 191, and the exhaust pipe 193 is provided with a third vent 192. The second vent 191 and the third vent 192 are connected by a pipe. The orientation of the third vent 192 is offset from the axis of the exhaust pipe 193 so that the gas discharged from the third vent 192 enters the exhaust pipe 193 tangentially, causing the gas in the exhaust pipe 193 to rise in a cyclone and separate into gas and liquid.

[0147] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the conical smoke hood 190 can collect the treated flue gas and direct it into the exhaust pipe 193 through the first vent 194. The first vent 194 can be located in the middle of the smoke hood 190. The diameter of the exhaust pipe 193 is much smaller than the inner diameter of the smoke hood 190 and the flue gas treatment tower 6, so the flow velocity of the flue gas increases further when it enters the exhaust pipe 193. In this embodiment, in order to make the flue gas entering the exhaust pipe 193 rotate and make the liquid droplets in the flue gas contact the wall of the exhaust pipe 193 to achieve gas-liquid separation, a second vent 191 is eccentrically provided on the smoke hood 190, and a third vent 192 is provided on the exhaust pipe 193. The second vent 191 and the third vent 192 are connected by a pipe. In order to make the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 193 rotate, a tangential force needs to be provided to the flue gas. Therefore, in this embodiment, the third vent 192 is not directly facing the middle of the exhaust pipe 193, but is offset from the axis of the exhaust pipe 193, so that it faces the left or right side of the exhaust pipe 193. This allows the flue gas entering the exhaust pipe 193 from the third vent 192 to provide a tangential force to the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 193, causing the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 193 to rotate and rise, so as to achieve gas-liquid separation.

[0148] This embodiment achieves the goal of splitting the treated flue gas in the flue gas treatment tower 6 into two paths from the smoke collection hood 190. The first path, as the main path, enters the exhaust pipe 193 through the first vent 194 and flows upward. The second path enters the exhaust pipe 193 tangentially through the second vent 191, the pipe, and the third vent 192. The velocity of the flue gas itself provides tangential thrust to the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 193, causing the flue gas to spiral upward within the exhaust pipe 193. During the spiral ascent, the tiny droplets carried by the flue gas come into contact with and adhere to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 193. This achieves the technical effect of further gas-liquid separation of the treated flue gas, reducing the content of tiny droplets in the flue gas, thereby solving the problem in related technologies where the flue gas discharged from the flue gas treatment tower 6 still carries a large number of tiny droplets. On the other hand, by making full use of the velocity of the flue gas itself to form a spiral upward airflow in the exhaust pipe 193, no additional induced draft equipment is required, reducing the cost of flue gas treatment.

[0149] Based on this, in order to further facilitate the rotation of flue gas within the exhaust pipe 193, such as Figure 9 As shown, multiple second vents 191 are provided and distributed circumferentially along the first vent 194, and multiple third vents 192 are provided and distributed circumferentially along the exhaust pipe 193, and the orientation of the multiple third vents 192 is either clockwise or counterclockwise; the multiple second vents 191 are respectively connected to the multiple third vents 192 through pipes.

[0150] In this embodiment, all third vents 192 are oriented clockwise or counterclockwise. Multiple third vents provide multiple tangential thrusts to the flue gas in the exhaust pipe, thereby better enabling the flue gas to rotate. In one specific implementation, two second vents 191 are provided on opposite sides of the smoke hood 190, and correspondingly two third vents 192 are also provided on both sides of the exhaust pipe 193. The two third vents 192 provide a larger and more stable tangential force to the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 193, ensuring stable rotation of the flue gas within the exhaust pipe 193. This also ensures sufficient flue gas enters the exhaust pipe from the first vent 194, improving flue gas treatment efficiency.

[0151] When multiple second vents 191 and multiple third vents 192 are provided, the multiple second vents 191 can be evenly distributed circumferentially on the gas collection hood, and the multiple third vents 192 can be distributed spirally on the exhaust pipe 193, thereby better promoting the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 193 to spiral upward.

[0152] Specifically, when two second vents 191 and two third vents 192 are provided, the two second vents 191 can be symmetrically distributed on the gas collection hood, and the two third vents 192 are located on both sides of the exhaust pipe 193 and are distributed vertically, so as to better promote the spiral rise of the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 193.

[0153] To facilitate the rotation of the flue gas, the exhaust pipe 193 is designed as a circular pipe, and the third vent 192 needs to be oriented tangentially towards the exhaust pipe 193. To provide sufficient tangential force, the third vent 192 needs to have a sufficient diameter, and its orientation needs to be as close as possible to the edge of the exhaust pipe 193, i.e., sufficiently offset from the axis of the exhaust pipe 193. When the third vent 192 is circular, its diameter is limited, resulting in insufficient tangential force. Therefore, as... Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the third vent 192 is set as a square vent, which can provide a large outlet area while being as close as possible to the edge of the exhaust pipe 193, thereby providing sufficient tangential force, providing rotational stability and rotational speed of the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 193, and ultimately providing gas-liquid separation effect.

[0154] When the third vent 192 is set as a square opening, it becomes an irregularly shaped structure for conventional pipe connections. Therefore, a separate irregularly shaped interface needs to be welded from a steel plate. The first end of this interface matches the third vent 192, while the second end remains a circular opening for connection to the pipe. To ensure the structural strength of this interface, reinforcing ribs or other strengthening structures can be welded to the various steel plates forming the interface.

[0155] Based on this, such as Figure 9 As shown, the upper boundary of the third vent 192 is a spiral extending around the wall of the exhaust pipe 193, which further facilitates the formation of a spiraling upward airflow within the exhaust pipe 193. Furthermore, the lower boundary of the third vent 192 is also a spiral extending around the wall of the exhaust pipe 193, and the height difference between the start and end points of the lower boundary is less than the height difference between the start and end points of the upper boundary. The line connecting the start points of the upper and lower boundaries is a straight line, and the line connecting the end points of the upper and lower boundaries is also a straight line; that is, the side boundaries on both sides of the third vent are straight lines.

[0156] Based on the flue gas ammonia removal system described in the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a flue gas ammonia removal process, including:

[0157] S10. The flue gas is introduced into the flue gas treatment tower 6, so that the flue gas flows upward in the flue gas treatment tower 6.

[0158] S20. Oxygen is introduced into the flue gas treatment tower 6 through the oxygen input subsystem 12 to promote the oxidation reaction of subvalent sulfur substances in the flue gas treatment tower 6.

[0159] S30. The treatment agent is introduced into the flue gas treatment tower 6 and mixed with the aqueous solution in the storage area 10 to form an absorbent.

[0160] S40. The absorbent in the lower liquid storage area 10 of the flue gas treatment tower 6 is transported to the upper spray assembly 8 through the absorbent circulation subsystem 11, and the absorbent is sprayed downward by the spray assembly 8.

[0161] S50. By controlling the flow rate of the spray assembly 8, the absorbent forms multiple water films in the core processor 7 while passing through the core processor 7 located below the spray assembly 8. This allows the upward-flowing flue gas to pass through the core processor 7 and the multiple water films, and react with the absorbent. The absorbent absorbs the ammonia in the flue gas and forms salt substances, which are then returned to the storage area 10.

[0162] S60. The flue gas passing through the water film is demisted by the demisting component 9 located above the spray component 8, and the demisted flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet 603 of the flue gas treatment tower 6.

[0163] S70. When the concentration of salt substances in the storage area 10 exceeds the set value, the waste liquid in the storage area 10 is transported to the waste liquid treatment subsystem 15, and the waste liquid treatment subsystem 15 recycles and utilizes the salt substances in the waste liquid.

[0164] In the specific implementation process, steps S30-S50 are executed first to stably form a multi-layered water film within the core processor 7. Then, steps S10, S20, S40, S50, S60, and S60 are executed to continuously treat the flue gas. During the treatment process, step S30 is selected based on the content of the treatment agent in the storage zone 10. Step S30 includes inputting alkaline agent into the storage zone 10 via the alkaline agent delivery assembly 180, inputting acidic agent into the storage zone 10 via the acidic agent delivery assembly 181, and inputting the aqueous solution from the water tank into the storage zone 10 via a water pump.

[0165] Furthermore, at least two processing boards 3 are provided in the core processor 7, and the two processing boards 3 are distributed along the axial direction of the flue gas treatment tower 6;

[0166] By controlling the flow rate of the spray assembly 8, the absorbent forms a water film on the surface of both treatment plates 3 as it passes through the two treatment plates 3 located below the spray assembly 8. The flue gas passes through the water film on the lower treatment plate 3 and the water film on the upper treatment plate 3 in sequence, so that the flue gas and absorbent undergo two full absorption reactions in the core processor 7, thereby improving the effect of flue gas treatment and avoiding excessive resistance to the flue gas.

[0167] Furthermore, the waste liquid in the storage area 10 is transported to the waste liquid treatment subsystem 15, where the waste liquid treatment subsystem 15 recovers and reuses the salts in the waste liquid, including:

[0168] Waste liquid in storage area 10 is transported to water treatment module 150, where it is purified. The purified water is then returned to flue gas treatment tower 6 to obtain treated saline concentrate.

[0169] The concentrated saline solution is delivered to buffer tank 151.

[0170] The concentrated saline solution in buffer tank 151 is transferred to decomposition furnace 153 for recycling; and / or,

[0171] The concentrated saline solution in the buffer tank 151 is transported to the grate cooler 152 for recycling.

[0172] Furthermore, the concentrated saline solution in the buffer tank 151 is transported to the decomposition furnace 153 for recycling, including:

[0173] The concentrated saline solution is transported to the decomposition furnace 153, where ammonium sulfate in the concentrated saline solution is decomposed into sulfate and ammonia under high temperature. The sulfate reacts with calcium oxide produced by the decomposition of calcium carbonate (limestone) in the decomposition furnace 153 to form calcium sulfate, while the ammonia reacts with nitrogen oxides in the furnace to remove nitrogen, thereby achieving the purpose of saving ammonia water.

[0174] Furthermore, the concentrated saline solution in the buffer tank 151 is transported to the grate cooler 152 for recycling, including:

[0175] The concentrated saline solution is transported to the high-temperature section of the grate cooler 152. Under high-temperature conditions, the ammonium sulfate in the concentrated saline solution is decomposed into sulfate and ammonia. The sulfate reacts with the calcium oxide on the surface of the clinker inside the grate cooler 152 to generate calcium sulfate.

[0176] Ammonia is then introduced into the kiln and furnace with the secondary and tertiary air for denitrification, thus saving ammonia water.

[0177] Specifically, in one embodiment, the aforementioned flue gas deammoniation process can be used in conjunction with a decomposition furnace and a grate cooler during cement production. It should be noted that the decomposition furnace is where limestone (mainly calcium carbonate) in cement raw materials is decomposed. The decomposition products are calcium oxide (CaO) and CO2. CaO enters the kiln through a five-stage cylinder and reacts at high temperature to form cement clinker, while CO2 is discharged upwards with the flue gas. Furthermore, cement clinker is alkaline, containing approximately 64% CaO, and therefore reacts naturally with sulfate ions to form calcium sulfate. When used in conjunction with a grate cooler, the front end of the grate cooler is a high-temperature section. The cooling air in this section (becoming high-temperature air at approximately 1100°C after cooling the clinker) is used for coal combustion in the kiln and decomposition furnace. The air entering the kiln is called secondary air, and the air entering the decomposition furnace is called tertiary air. Primary air, on the other hand, is the air used to supply coal to the kiln head burner and usually comes from the atmosphere.

[0178] Furthermore, a smoke collection subsystem 19 is installed at the top of the flue gas treatment tower 6 to adsorb tiny droplets from the flue gas passing through the demister assembly 9. The smoke collection subsystem 19 includes a smoke collection hood 190 and an exhaust pipe 193. The smoke collection hood 190 is conical and has a first vent 194 connected to the exhaust pipe 193, which is connected to the flue gas outlet 603.

[0179] The smoke collection hood 190 is provided with a second vent 191, and the exhaust pipe 193 is provided with a third vent 192. The second vent 191 and the third vent 192 are connected by a pipe, and the orientation of the third vent 192 is offset from the axis of the exhaust pipe 193.

[0180] The flue gas is divided into two paths from the smoke collection hood 190. The first path enters the exhaust pipe 193 through the first vent 194 and flows upward.

[0181] The second path enters the exhaust pipe 193 tangentially through the second vent 191, the pipe, and the third vent 192. The velocity of the flue gas itself provides tangential thrust to the flue gas in the exhaust pipe 193, causing the flue gas to spiral upwards as a whole within the exhaust pipe 193. During the spiral ascent, the tiny droplets carried by the flue gas come into contact with the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 193 and adhere to the inner wall.

[0182] Furthermore, during the flue gas treatment process, a portion of the liquid in the storage area 10 is circulated between the storage area 10 and the absorption area pit subsystem 16, and the absorbent after participating in the flue gas treatment is detected through the absorption area pit subsystem 16.

[0183] Furthermore, during maintenance, the absorbent in the storage area 10 is transported to the absorbent buffer system 17 for buffering, and after maintenance, the absorbent in the absorbent buffer system 17 is transported back to the storage area 10.

[0184] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A flue gas ammonia removal system, characterized in that, include: A flue gas treatment tower, wherein a core processor, a spray assembly and a demisting assembly are arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the flue gas treatment tower, a flue gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the flue gas treatment tower, a flue gas inlet is provided on the flue gas treatment tower, and a liquid storage area is provided at the lower part of the flue gas treatment tower. The flue gas inlet is located between the core processor and the liquid storage area. Under the action of the spray assembly, a multi-layer water film can be formed in the core processor. The flue gas and the absorbent sprayed by the spray assembly merge in the core processor and remove ammonia from the flue gas as it passes through the water film. An absorbent circulation subsystem is provided, with its first end connected to the storage area and its second end connected to the spray assembly, for circulating and transporting the absorbent in the storage area to the spray assembly, where it is sprayed downwards by the spray assembly. A pharmaceutical delivery subsystem, which is connected to the liquid storage area, is used to deliver the treatment agent to the liquid storage area; A waste liquid treatment subsystem, which is connected to the liquid storage area, is used for the recycling and treatment of waste liquid; An oxygen input subsystem is provided to input oxygen into the flue gas treatment tower to promote the oxidation reaction of sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas treatment tower.

2. The flue gas ammonia removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core processor includes: A support structure, configured to allow solution flow, is fixedly connected to the flue gas treatment tower. The processing plate is configured as a plurality of processing plates, which are axially disposed on the support structure and have a spacing between adjacent processing plates. The treatment plate is provided with multiple through holes, and the pore size and density of the through holes satisfy the following condition: the sum of the flow rates of the solution allowed to pass through the multiple through holes under no-pressure conditions per unit time is less than the flow rate of the solution flowing to the treatment plate where the through holes are located per unit time, so that a water film of a certain thickness can be formed on the upper surface of the treatment plate during the flue gas treatment process.

3. The flue gas ammonia removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste liquid treatment subsystem includes: The water treatment module is used to receive waste liquid discharged from the storage area and purify the waste liquid. The treated clean water is returned to the flue gas treatment tower, and the treated saline concentrate is transported to the next stage. A buffer tank, connected to the water treatment module, is used to receive the treated saline concentrate and deliver it to the next stage. A decomposition furnace, connected to the buffer tank, is used to receive a portion of the saline concentrate from the buffer tank and recycle it. A grate cooler, connected to the buffer tank, is used to receive a portion of the saline concentrate from the buffer tank and recycle it.

4. The flue gas ammonia removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxygen input subsystem includes an oxidation fan. An oxygen inlet is provided on the flue gas treatment tower, and the oxygen inlet is located below the flue gas inlet. The oxidation fan is connected to the oxygen inlet and is used to input oxygen from the oxygen inlet into the flue gas treatment tower to promote the oxidation reaction of sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas treatment tower.

5. The flue gas ammonia removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an absorption zone sump subsystem, which is connected to the liquid storage zone. The absorption zone sump subsystem is used to extract the absorbent after it has participated in the flue gas treatment from the liquid storage zone and transport the extracted absorbent back to the liquid storage zone. The absorption zone sump subsystem is used to detect the absorbent after it has participated in the flue gas treatment.

6. The flue gas ammonia removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an absorbent buffering system for buffering the absorbent in the storage area during maintenance and for returning the buffered absorbent to the storage area.

7. The flue gas ammonia removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drug delivery subsystem includes: An alkaline agent delivery assembly for introducing alkaline agents into the storage area; An acidic agent delivery assembly for introducing acidic agents into the reservoir.

8. The flue gas ammonia removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray assembly includes a first nozzle, a second nozzle, and a third nozzle arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The spray ranges of the first nozzle, the second nozzle, and the third nozzle overlap and collectively cover the core processor. The absorbent circulation subsystem includes a first circulation pump, a second circulation pump, and a third circulation pump. The two ends of the first circulation pump are connected to the liquid storage area and the first nozzle, respectively. The two ends of the second circulation pump are connected to the liquid storage area and the second nozzle, respectively. The two ends of the third circulation pump are connected to the liquid storage area and the third nozzle, respectively.

9. The flue gas ammonia removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a smoke collection subsystem, which is located at the top of the flue gas treatment tower and connected to the flue gas outlet. The smoke collection subsystem is used to collect the gas containing droplets after the flue gas treatment and to perform gas-liquid separation on the gas containing droplets. The separated gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet.

10. The flue gas ammonia removal system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The smoke collection subsystem includes a smoke collection hood and an exhaust pipe. The smoke collection hood is cone-shaped and has a first vent. The first vent is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the smoke outlet. The smoke hood is provided with a second vent, and the exhaust pipe is provided with a third vent. The second vent and the third vent are connected by a pipe. The orientation of the third vent is offset from the axis of the exhaust pipe so that the gas discharged from the third vent enters the exhaust pipe tangentially, causing the gas in the exhaust pipe to rise in a cyclone and separate into gas and liquid.

Images