Turbulent mixing reactor for tail gas desulfurization in sulfuric acid production

Abstract

The utility model discloses a turbulent flow mixing reactor of tail gas desulfurization in sulfuric acid production belongs to environmental protection equipment technical field. The device includes tower body, the smoke inlet, turbulent flow ware, spray system and demisting plate, and the turbulent flow ware is multilayer static structure, and includes fixed flow guide layer and reinforced flow guide layer, and the fixed flow guide layer is composed of the inclined flow guide plate that is equipped with the sawtooth shaped protruding surface, and the reinforced flow guide layer is composed of the fixed cyclone plate that is equipped with the radial through -hole in the middle portion, and the radial through -hole in the cyclone plate is equipped with the micro flow guide piece, and forms static turbulence area between the reinforced flow guide layer and fixed flow guide layer, and the spray system includes two layers annular water distribution pipe in the static turbulence area and the reinforced flow guide layer top, and each water distribution pipe is evenly distributed with pressure compensation type atomizing nozzle, and the utility model discloses through multistage reinforced turbulence and high -efficient spray, combines the circulation cooling function, has improved gas -liquid contact efficiency and desulfurization efficiency, has realized the heat management in tower simultaneously, and the structure is compact, and the operation is stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of environmental protection equipment technology, specifically to a turbulent mixing reactor for desulfurization of tail gas in sulfuric acid production. Background Technology

[0002] The production of sulfuric acid generates tail gas containing acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), which, if directly emitted, will cause serious environmental pollution. To meet environmental protection requirements, desulfurization treatment of the sulfuric acid production tail gas is usually necessary. Currently, wet desulfurization technology is widely used due to its high desulfurization efficiency and mature process. However, existing desulfurization towers still have shortcomings in terms of gas-liquid contact efficiency, equipment compactness, energy consumption, and heat control within the tower. For example, traditional packed towers or plate towers suffer from insufficient gas-liquid contact, easy clogging, and high resistance; while spray towers, although relatively simple in structure, have room for improvement in spray liquid atomization and gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency. Furthermore, the sulfuric acid tail gas releases a large amount of heat during desulfurization; if not cooled in time, this may affect desulfurization efficiency and exacerbate equipment corrosion. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, a turbulent mixing reactor for tail gas desulfurization in sulfuric acid production is provided. This reactor aims to solve problems such as low desulfurization efficiency, insufficient gas-liquid contact, complex structure, high energy consumption, and difficulty in heat management of existing desulfurization towers. It provides a turbulent mixing reactor with a compact structure, high desulfurization efficiency, low energy consumption, and good cooling function.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is: a turbulent mixing reactor for desulfurization of tail gas in sulfuric acid production, including a tower body, a flue gas inlet, a turbulence generator, a spray system and a demister plate;

[0005] The turbulence generator has a multi-layer static structure, including a fixed guide layer and a reinforced guide layer;

[0006] The fixed flow guide layer consists of inclined flow guide plates, and the surface of the flow guide plates is provided with serrated protrusions;

[0007] The enhanced flow guide layer is composed of fixed swirl plates, and a radial through hole is opened in the middle of the enhanced flow guide layer;

[0008] A static turbulent region is formed between the enhanced guide layer and the fixed guide layer;

[0009] The defogging plate is located at the top of the tower.

[0010] Preferably, the guide plates of the fixed guide layer are arranged in three staggered layers, with the inclination angles of each layer being 45°, 30° and 60° respectively, and the serrated protrusions of adjacent layers of guide plates are arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0011] Preferably, the radial through-hole of the swirl plate is provided with a micro guide vane at a fixed angle, and the tilt angle of the micro guide vane is 15°-30°.

[0012] Preferably, the spraying system includes a first annular water distribution pipe and a second annular water distribution pipe. The first annular water distribution pipe 41 is located above the enhanced flow guide layer, and the second annular water distribution pipe is located in the static turbulent flow zone. Pressure-compensated atomizing nozzles are evenly distributed around each water distribution pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a water tank is provided at the bottom of the tower body, and the water tank is connected in parallel to the first annular water distribution pipe and the second annular water distribution pipe through a water supply pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the tower body is provided with a spiral heat exchange tube, which spirals up along the tower wall and covers the outer edge of the fixed flow guide layer. Its inlet is connected to a water tank, and its outlet is located at the top end of the spiral heat exchange tube.

[0015] Preferably, an air outlet is provided at the top of the tower body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. By setting up a multi-layered static turbulence generator, including a fixed guide layer and a reinforced guide layer, the contact area and mixing uniformity of the gas and liquid phases can be greatly enhanced. The serrated protrusions of the fixed guide layer and the radial through holes and micro guide vanes of the reinforced guide layer work together to form strong three-dimensional turbulence in the static turbulence region, significantly improving mass transfer efficiency and thus enhancing desulfurization efficiency.

[0018] 2. The fixed guide layer adopts a three-layer staggered arrangement with different tilt angles, combined with the staggered arrangement of the sawtooth protrusions of the adjacent guide plates, which further optimizes the disturbance and distribution of airflow, avoids airflow short-circuiting, ensures full gas-liquid contact, and improves the overall performance of the desulfurization tower.

[0019] 3. The spray system employs a two-layer annular water distribution pipe with evenly distributed pressure-compensated atomizing nozzles. This enables multi-point, uniform, and efficient spraying above the enhanced guide layer and within the static turbulent zone, generating a fine liquid mist that increases the liquid phase surface area, creating favorable conditions for gas-liquid mass transfer. The pressure-compensated atomizing nozzles ensure that the spraying effect is unaffected by system pressure fluctuations, further guaranteeing desulfurization efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enhanced flow-guiding layer structure;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a fixed flow guide layer structure.

[0025] In the diagram: 1-Tower body; 2-Smoke inlet; 3-Turbulence generator; 31-Fixed guide layer; 311-Guide plate; 312-Serrated protrusion; 32-Reinforced guide layer; 321-Swirl plate; 322-Radial through hole; 323-Miniature guide vane; 4-Spray system; 41-First annular water distribution pipe; 42-Second annular water distribution pipe; 43-Pressure-compensated atomizing nozzle; 5-Spiral heat exchange tube; 6-Water tank; 61-Water supply pipe; 7-Demisting plate; 8-Air outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a sulfuric acid production tail gas desulfurization tower, the core structure of which includes a tower body 1. A flue gas inlet 2 is provided at the bottom of the tower body 1 for introducing the sulfuric acid production tail gas to be treated. Inside the tower body 1, from bottom to top, a turbulence generator 3, a spray system 4, and a demister plate 7 are arranged sequentially. An outlet 8 is provided at the top of the tower body 1 for discharging the clean gas that has undergone desulfurization treatment.

[0028] The turbulence generator 3 is one of the key components of this invention. It is designed as a multi-layered static structure, including a fixed guide layer 31 and a reinforced guide layer 32. The fixed guide layer 31 is located at the bottom of the turbulence generator 3 and consists of multiple inclined guide plates 311, each with serrated protrusions 312 on its surface. These serrated protrusions 312 increase airflow turbulence and provide disturbance points for subsequent liquid film formation. The guide plates 311 of the fixed guide layer 31 are arranged in three staggered layers, with each layer having inclination angles of 45°, 30°, and 60° respectively. This multi-angle staggered design further enhances airflow mixing and diffusion. The serrated protrusions 312 on adjacent guide plates 311 are staggered, avoiding laminar flow and ensuring sufficient contact between the airflow and liquid flow.

[0029] The enhanced flow guiding layer 32 is located above the fixed flow guiding layer 31 and is composed of a fixed swirl plate 321. A radial through-hole 322 is formed in the center of the enhanced flow guiding layer 32. After being disturbed by the fixed flow guiding layer 31, the airflow enters the enhanced flow guiding layer 32, where it undergoes further intense rotation and mixing due to the swirling effect of the swirl plate 321 and the guidance of the radial through-hole 322. To further optimize gas-liquid contact, micro-guide vanes 323 with fixed angles are provided within the radial through-hole 322 of the swirl plate 321. The inclination angle of these micro-guide vanes 323 is preferably 15°-30°, which can generate additional disturbance and cutting effect on the airflow and droplets passing through the radial through-hole 322, further refining the droplets and enhancing the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency.

[0030] A static turbulent region is formed between the enhanced guide layer 32 and the fixed guide layer 31. Within this region, due to the synergistic effect of the fixed guide layer 31 and the enhanced guide layer 32, the airflow and liquid flow are forced to repeatedly cut, mix, and collide, forming a high-intensity turbulent state, which greatly increases the gas-liquid contact area and mass transfer efficiency.

[0031] The spray system 4 is located above the turbulence generator 3 and is used to spray desulfurization liquid into the tower. The spray system 4 includes a first annular water distribution pipe 41 and a second annular water distribution pipe 42. The first annular water distribution pipe 41 is located above the enhanced flow guide layer 32 and is mainly responsible for the initial large-area spraying. The second annular water distribution pipe 42 is cleverly located in the static turbulence zone formed between the enhanced flow guide layer 32 and the fixed flow guide layer 31, realizing direct and precise spraying of the high turbulence area and ensuring that the desulfurization liquid can contact the disturbed tail gas to the maximum extent. Pressure-compensated atomizing nozzles 43 are evenly distributed around the circumference of each water distribution pipe. These nozzles can maintain a stable spray flow rate and atomization effect under different pressures, ensuring that the desulfurization liquid can be evenly distributed in fine droplets, further improving the gas-liquid contact efficiency.

[0032] A water tank 6 is located at the bottom of the tower body 1 to store the desulfurization liquid. The water tank 6 is connected in parallel to the first annular water distribution pipe 41 and the second annular water distribution pipe 42 via a water supply pipe 61, forming a circulation system. The desulfurization liquid is transported from the water tank 6 to the first annular water distribution pipe 41 and the second annular water distribution pipe 42 via the water supply pipe 61, and then sprayed into the tower through a pressure-compensated atomizing nozzle 43. The desulfurized liquid is collected back into the water tank 6, realizing recycling.

[0033] To address the heat generated during the desulfurization process, a spiral heat exchange tube 5 is installed inside the tower body 1. The spiral heat exchange tube 5 spirals upwards along the tower wall and covers the outer edge of the fixed guide layer 31. Its inlet is connected to a water tank 6, and its outlet is located at the top end of the spiral heat exchange tube 5. Part of the desulfurization liquid or separate cooling water from the water tank 6 circulates into the spiral heat exchange tube 5, exchanging heat with the high-temperature gas and liquid inside the tower to remove the reaction heat, maintain a suitable temperature inside the tower, effectively prevent equipment corrosion due to high temperatures, and ensure the stability of desulfurization efficiency and long-term operation of the equipment.

[0034] Working principle:

[0035] Sulfuric acid production tail gas enters the desulfurization tower through inlet 2. First, the gas passes through the fixed guide layer 31, where the inclined arrangement of the guide plates 311 and the serrated protrusions 312 cause initial disturbance and cutting of the airflow. Subsequently, the airflow enters the enhanced guide layer 32, where the swirling effect of the swirl plates 321 and the further disturbance by the micro-guide vanes 323 within the radial through-holes 322 create intense rotation and turbulence. Simultaneously, the first and second annular water distribution pipes 41 and 42 of the spray system 4 spray a fine desulfurization liquid mist through pressure-compensated atomizing nozzles 43. The desulfurization liquid mist comes into full contact with the intensely disturbed tail gas in the static turbulence zone, and SO2 is absorbed by the desulfurization liquid, completing the gas-liquid mass transfer reaction. The heat generated during the reaction is cooled by the spiral heat exchange tubes 5 on the tower wall. The clean gas after desulfurization passes through the demister plate 7 to remove any carried droplets and is finally discharged from the outlet 8. The desulfurization liquid flows back to the water tank 6 at the bottom of the tower body 1 for treatment and recycling.

[0036] This invention, through the aforementioned structural design, achieves multi-stage, high-intensity, and uniform mixing of the gas and liquid phases within the tower, significantly improving desulfurization efficiency. Simultaneously, the combination of a highly efficient spray system and an innovative spiral heat exchange structure makes the entire desulfurization process more stable, efficient, and environmentally friendly.

Claims

1. A turbulent mixing reactor for tail gas desulphurization in sulphuric acid production, characterized by: It includes the tower body (1), the smoke inlet (2), the turbulence generator (3), the spray system (4), and the demister (7); The turbulence generator (3) is a multi-layer static structure, including a fixed flow guide layer (31) and a reinforced flow guide layer (32). The fixed flow guide layer (31) is composed of inclined flow guide plates (311), and the surface of the flow guide plates (311) is provided with serrated protrusions (312). The enhanced flow guide layer (32) is composed of a fixed swirl plate (321), and a radial through hole (322) is provided in the middle of the enhanced flow guide layer (32). A static turbulent region is formed between the enhanced flow guide layer (32) and the fixed flow guide layer (31); The demister plate (7) is located at the top of the tower body (1).

2. A turbulent mixing reactor for tail gas desulphurization in sulphuric acid production according to claim 1, characterized in that The guide plates (311) of the fixed guide layer (31) are arranged in three staggered layers. The tilt angles of each guide plate (311) are 45°, 30° and 60° respectively, and the serrated protrusions (312) of adjacent guide plates (311) are arranged in an alternating manner.

3. A turbulent mixing reactor for tail gas desulphurization in sulphuric acid production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swirl plate (321) has a micro guide vane (323) with a fixed angle inside the through hole (325), and the tilt angle of the micro guide vane (323) is 15°-30°.

4. A turbulent mixing reactor for tail gas desulphurization in sulphuric acid production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray system (4) includes a first annular water distribution pipe (41) and a second annular water distribution pipe (42). The first annular water distribution pipe (41) is located above the enhanced flow guide layer (32), and the second annular water distribution pipe (42) is located in the turbulent zone. Pressure-compensated atomizing nozzles (43) are evenly distributed around each water distribution pipe.

5. A turbulent mixing reactor for tail gas desulphurization in sulphuric acid production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower body (1) is provided with a water tank (6) at the bottom. The water tank (6) is connected in parallel to the first annular water distribution pipe (41) and the second annular water distribution pipe (42) through a water supply pipe (61).

6. A turbulent mixing reactor for tail gas desulphurization in sulphuric acid production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower body (1) is provided with a spiral heat exchange tube (5). The spiral heat exchange tube (5) spirals up along the tower wall and covers the outer edge of the fixed flow guide layer (31). Its inlet is connected to the water tank (6), and its outlet is located at the top end of the spiral heat exchange tube (5) and extends to the outside of the tower body (1).

7. A turbulent mixing reactor for tail gas desulphurization in sulphuric acid production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower body (1) is provided with an air outlet (8) at the top.

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