A mold for a railroad tie

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of sleeper construction technology, concretely relates to a mould for sleeper, including bottom die, two end moulds and two side moulds. Two end moulds are connected with two ends of bottom die respectively, side mould is detachably connected with end mould, the width of bottom die and the width of two end moulds are all less than the width of the sleeper to be poured, the region that bottom die, two end moulds and two side moulds enclose together is used for forming the sleeper to be poured. Through the present application, after the side mould is disassembled, the exposed side surface, part end surface and part bottom surface of the sleeper can be in full contact with water vapor during the steam curing process, more surface of the sleeper can be in contact with water vapor before the sleeper reaches the full demoulding strength, more uniform curing is realized, and the curing quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway sleeper construction technology, and in particular to a mold for railway sleepers. Background Technology

[0002] Railway sleepers are crucial components in railway track systems, supporting rails, maintaining track geometry, and transferring train loads to the track bed. Especially in high-speed maglev transportation, sleepers serve as the base connecting and securing the upper maglev track beam; their production quality significantly impacts the smooth and safe operation of the maglev train. The sleepers used in maglev track beams are typically made of concrete. During production, to ensure curing quality, the sleepers are usually cast into molds and then placed in a steam curing chamber. After initial setting, steam curing begins until the sleepers reach a strength suitable for demolding. At this point, the molds are removed, and subsequent curing continues.

[0003] However, from the time the sleeper is poured until it reaches its demolding strength, the bottom, end, and side surfaces of the sleeper are always covered by the mold. This results in only the top surface of the sleeper being able to fully contact the steam, while the other surfaces of the sleeper cannot receive effective steam curing. This uneven curing method seriously affects the overall quality of the sleeper. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing sleeper molds that are not conducive to the steam curing operation of sleepers before demolding, and to provide a mold for sleepers.

[0005] This utility model provides a mold for railway sleepers, comprising:

[0006] A bottom mold and two end molds, wherein the two end molds are respectively connected to both ends of the bottom mold;

[0007] Two side molds, which are detachably connected to the end mold;

[0008] The width of the bottom mold and the width of the two end molds are both smaller than the width of the sleeper to be cast. The area enclosed by the bottom mold, the two end molds and the two side molds is used to form the sleeper to be cast.

[0009] The width of the bottom mold and the width of the two end molds are both smaller than the width of the sleeper to be cast. That is, the bottom surface of the sleeper to be cast is formed by the bottom mold and the two side molds, the end surface of the sleeper to be cast is formed by the side mold and the end molds, and the side surface of the sleeper to be cast is formed by the two side molds.

[0010] This invention provides a mold for railway sleepers, which is composed of a bottom mold, two end molds, and two side molds, forming a complete template for the sleeper to be cast, providing a precise shape and size framework for the sleeper's molding. The side molds and end molds are detachably connected. This design allows the side molds to be removed after the sleeper has fully solidified, exposing all sides of the sleeper. Simultaneously, since the width of the bottom mold and the two end molds are both smaller than the width of the sleeper to be cast, after removing the side molds, part of the bottom and end faces of the sleeper will also be exposed. At this time, the two unremoved end molds and the bottom mold can continue to provide support for the sleeper, which has not yet reached full demolding strength, effectively preventing structural damage caused by external forces. During steam curing, the exposed sides, part of the end faces, and part of the bottom faces of the sleeper can fully contact water vapor. In this way, before the sleeper reaches its full demolding strength, more of its surface can come into contact with water vapor, resulting in more uniform curing and thus improving the quality of curing.

[0011] The demolding strength refers to the minimum strength standard that the component must reach when the formwork is removed to ensure that the component does not deform or crack. The specific value depends on the type of component and design requirements. Final setting, on the other hand, is the final solidification state of concrete after mixing and pouring, where it gradually loses its plasticity and hardens to withstand a certain pressure, marking the beginning of its steady strength increase. The final setting strength is generally lower than the demolding strength.

[0012] The widths of the bottom mold and the end mold can be the same or different, and the minimum width of the bottom mold and the end mold is 3 / 5 of the width of the sleeper to be poured.

[0013] The detachable connection between the side mold and the end mold can be a bolt connection or a clamp connection.

[0014] Preferably, the width of the bottom mold and the width of the two end molds are both 2 / 3 to 3 / 4 of the width of the sleeper to be cast. Choosing this ratio range is significant. If the width of the bottom mold and the end molds is too large, the exposed end and bottom surfaces of the sleeper after the side molds are removed will be smaller, which is detrimental to subsequent steam curing of the sleeper. Conversely, if the width is too small, it will not provide sufficient stable support for the sleeper, potentially leading to deformation, displacement, and other problems, affecting the sleeper's molding quality.

[0015] Preferably, the side mold and the end mold are detachably connected by bolts. Compared to clamp connections, bolted connections offer greater reliability and lower cost.

[0016] Preferably, each of the two end molds is provided with a lifting ring at its top. In this design, the lifting ring serves as a lifting point for the mold, allowing for convenient overall transfer of the mold using lifting equipment. For example, a crane or other lifting equipment can be used to smoothly lift the mold onto a vibrating table; alternatively, the mold can be lifted onto a steam curing device.

[0017] Preferably, the system further includes a base, with the bottom mold connected to the top surface of the base, and the two side molds rotatably connected to opposite sides of the base. In this design, although the side molds and end molds are detachably connected, the connection between the base and the bottom mold, and the rotatable connection between the base and the two side molds, ensures that all components remain structurally integrated. This design effectively prevents components from being completely separated, thus preventing potential loss due to component dispersion.

[0018] The side mold can be rotatably connected to the base via pins, shafts, or hinges.

[0019] Preferably, the base includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and two vertical plates arranged side by side. The top and bottom edges of each vertical plate are connected to the top plate and the bottom plate, respectively. The bottom mold is connected to the top plate, and the two side molds are rotatably connected to the two vertical plates. In this design, the two vertical plates serve to connect the top plate and the bottom plate.

[0020] Preferably, each of the two vertical plates has an ear plate on its outer side, and each of the two side molds has a connecting arm at its bottom. The ear plates and the connecting arm located on the same side of the base are rotatably connected by a pin. In this design, the connecting arm connects the side mold and the ear plate, and when the connecting arm rotates around the pin, it drives the connected side mold to rotate around the pin together, thereby realizing the rotation operation of the side mold.

[0021] Preferably, the base plate is provided with screw holes for connecting the base plate to the vibrating table via bolts. This connection method ensures the base is reliably fixed to the vibrating table. Thus, when the vibrating table starts operating, the entire mold vibrates along with it. During the sleeper pouring process, this synchronous vibration ensures the concrete is fully compacted, resulting in denser and more uniform concrete, thereby further improving the molding quality of the sleeper.

[0022] Preferably, elastic components are provided between the two side molds and the base. When the side molds and the end molds are closed, the elastic components are in a compressed state; when the side molds and the end molds are separated, the elastic components return to their original length. In this design, when the side molds and the end molds separate, the elastic components can apply opposite supporting forces to both, making the separation operation easier and more convenient. Simultaneously, when the elastic components extend, they can create a tensile force between the side molds and the end molds, allowing the elastic components to absorb and disperse the impact force when the side molds rotate downwards after separation through their elastic deformation, thereby preventing potential injury to the operator during the downward rotation of the side molds.

[0023] The elastic component can be an elastic band or a helical spring column.

[0024] Preferably, sponge strips are provided at the joints between the end mold and the side mold, as well as at the joints between the bottom mold and the side mold. In this design, the main function of the sponge strips is to seal the joints, preventing grout leakage during the casting process and avoiding any impact on the molding quality of the sleeper.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0026] This invention provides a mold for railway sleepers. Through the detachable connection between the side mold and the end mold, and the design that the width of the bottom mold and the widths of both end molds are smaller than the width of the sleeper to be cast, the exposed sides, part of the end faces, and part of the bottom surface of the sleeper can fully contact water vapor during steam curing after the side mold is removed. Thus, before the sleeper reaches its full demolding strength, more of its surface can contact water vapor, achieving more uniform curing and improving the quality of curing. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a front view of a mold used for railway sleepers.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of a mold used for railway sleepers.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the side mold of a railway sleeper in an open state.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of section AA.

[0031] Marked in the image:

[0032] 1-end mold,

[0033] 101-Gymnastics Rings

[0034] 2-Side mold,

[0035] 201-Connecting arm,

[0036] 3-Base,

[0037] 301 - Top plate, 302 - Vertical plate, 303 - Bottom plate, 304 - Ear plate, 305 - Screw hole

[0038] 4-Bottom mold,

[0039] 5-Sleepers to be poured

[0040] 6-Elastic component. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0042] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" used in the description of specific embodiments of this utility model to indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the utility model solution or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0043] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0044] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0045] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several", "multiple", and "several" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0046] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a mold for railway sleepers includes a bottom mold 4, two end molds 1 and two side molds 2.

[0049] Two end molds 1 are connected to both ends of the bottom mold 4, respectively. Specifically, the sleeper 5 to be cast is generally a long, rectangular cubic component. The sleeper 5 to be cast has three dimensions: length, width, and height. The length and width directions of the bottom mold 4 are aligned with the length and width directions of the sleeper 5 to be cast, respectively. The two end molds 1 are connected to both ends of the bottom mold 4 along its length. The width direction of the end molds 1 is aligned with the width direction of the sleeper 5 to be cast.

[0050] The side mold 2 and the end mold 1 are detachably connected. The length direction of the side mold 2 is consistent with the length direction of the sleeper 5 to be poured.

[0051] The width of the bottom mold 4 and the width of the two end molds 1 are both smaller than the width of the sleeper 5 to be cast. The area enclosed by the bottom mold 4, the two end molds 1 and the two side molds 2 is used to form the sleeper 5 to be cast.

[0052] Specifically, the two end molds 1, the bottom mold 4, and the two side molds 2 can all be made of steel plates. The dimensions of the two end molds 1, the bottom mold 4, and the two side molds 2 are customized according to the specific dimensions of the sleepers.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the width of the bottom mold 4 and the width of the two end molds 1 can both be 2 / 3 to 3 / 4 of the width of the sleeper 5 to be poured, and the specific ratio can be 2 / 3, 7 / 10, or 3 / 4.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the side mold 2 and the end mold 1 can be detachably connected by bolts. Specifically, a fixing nut can be welded onto the end mold 1, and a through hole is made on the side mold 2 at a position corresponding to the fixing nut. During installation, the bolts are passed sequentially through the through hole on the side mold 2 and the fixing nut on the end mold 1, and then the bolts are tightened to achieve a stable connection between the side mold 2 and the end mold 1.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, each of the two end molds 1 may be provided with a lifting ring 101 at its top. The lifting ring 101 is connected to the end mold 1 by thread or welding.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the system may further include a base 3, with the bottom mold 4 connected to the top surface of the base 3, and two side molds 2 rotatably connected to opposite sides of the base 3. Specifically, the base 3 is elongated, with its length and width directions aligned with the length and width directions of the sleeper 5 to be cast. The base 3 may be made of steel plate.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the base 3 includes a top plate 301, a bottom plate 303, and two vertical plates 302. The two vertical plates 302 are arranged side by side, with their top and bottom edges connected to the top plate 301 and bottom plate 303, respectively. The bottom mold 4 is connected to the top plate 301, and the two side molds 2 are rotatably connected to the two vertical plates 302, respectively. Specifically, the top plate 301 and bottom plate 303 can be made of steel plates with a thickness of 10mm-16mm, and the width of the bottom plate 303 is greater than the width of the top plate 301. The two vertical plates 302 can be made of steel plates with a thickness of 8mm-12mm. The distance between the two vertical plates 302 can be 80mm-160mm.

[0058] In an optional embodiment, ear plates 304 can be provided on the outer sides of both vertical plates 302, and connecting arms 201 can be provided on the bottom of both side molds 2. The ear plates 304 and the connecting arms 201 located on the same side of the base 3 are rotatably connected by pins. Specifically, there are two ear plates 304 on each side. The ear plates 304 are welded perpendicularly to the vertical plates 302. The ear plates 304 can be made of steel plates with a thickness of 8mm.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the base plate 303 may be provided with screw holes 305, which are used to connect the base plate 303 to the vibration table by bolts. Specifically, the screw holes 305 are provided in two rows, with each row of screw holes 305 arranged along the length of the base plate 303.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, elastic components 6 may be provided between the two side molds 2 and the base 3. When the side molds 2 and the end molds 1 are closed, the elastic components 6 are in a compressed state; when the side molds 2 and the end molds 1 are separated, the elastic components 6 will return to their original length. Specifically, the two ends of the elastic components 6 are hinged to the bottom surface of the top plate 301 of the base 3 and the bottom surface of the side molds 2, respectively. The elastic components 6 may be helical spring columns, which can generate a restoring force when compressed and stretched.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, sponge strips may be provided at the joints between the end mold 1 and the side mold 2, as well as at the joints between the bottom mold 4 and the side mold 2. Specifically, the sponge strips are 10mm wide and 2mm thick.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, the connecting arm 201 can be an L-shaped structure, with one end of the L-shaped structure fixedly connected to the bottom of the side mold 2, and the other end of the L-shaped structure connected to the ear plate 304 via a pin. Specifically, the L-shaped structure can be made of a 10mm thick steel plate.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The method for manufacturing railway sleepers using a mold for railway sleepers as described in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0065] S1: Separate the two side molds 2 and the end mold 1 on the mold, clean the mold, and then apply a release agent to the side molds 2, end molds 1 and bottom mold 4 on the surfaces used to form the sleepers.

[0066] S2: Close the side mold 2 and the end mold 1 together and connect them with bolts. The bolts can be tightened with an electric wrench.

[0067] S3: Install the mold on the vibration table, and fix the base plate 303 of the base 3 to the vibration table with bolts.

[0068] S4: Begin pouring concrete into the mold. When the concrete has been poured to one-third full, turn on the vibrating table to vibrate it. Pour and vibrate simultaneously until the pouring is complete.

[0069] S5: Transfer the mold and the cast sleeper together to the steam curing chamber and let it stand still. After initial setting, start steam curing. After final setting, open the two side molds 2 to expose the sides of the sleeper and continue steam curing until curing is complete. Finally, demold the sleeper and remove it from the bottom mold 4 and the end mold 1.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A mold for railway sleepers, characterized in that, include: A bottom mold (4) and two end molds (1), wherein the two end molds (1) are respectively connected to the two ends of the bottom mold (4); Two side molds (2), the side molds (2) being detachably connected to the end molds (1); The width of the bottom mold (4) and the width of the two end molds (1) are both smaller than the width of the sleeper (5) to be cast. The area enclosed by the bottom mold (4), the two end molds (1) and the two side molds (2) is used to form the sleeper (5) to be cast.

2. The mold for railway sleepers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the bottom mold (4) and the width of the two end molds (1) are both 2 / 3 to 3 / 4 of the width of the sleeper (5) to be poured.

3. A mold for railway sleepers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side mold (2) and the end mold (1) are detachably connected by bolts.

4. A mold for railway sleepers according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both end molds (1) are provided with lifting rings (101) at their top.

5. A mold for railway sleepers according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes a base (3), the bottom mold (4) is connected to the top surface of the base (3), and the two side molds (2) are rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the base (3).

6. A mold for railway sleepers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base (3) includes a top plate (301), a bottom plate (303) and two vertical plates (302). The two vertical plates (302) are arranged side by side. The top edge and bottom edge of the vertical plate (302) are connected to the top plate (301) and the bottom plate (303) respectively. The bottom mold (4) is connected to the top plate (301). The two side molds (2) are rotatably connected to the two vertical plates (302) respectively.

7. A mold for railway sleepers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer sides of the two vertical plates (302) are provided with ear plates (304), and the bottom of the two side molds (2) are provided with connecting arms (201). The ear plates (304) and the connecting arms (201) located on the same side of the base (3) are rotatably connected by pins.

8. A mold for railway sleepers according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base plate (303) is provided with screw holes (305), which are used to connect the base plate (303) to the vibration table by bolts.

9. A mold for railway sleepers according to claim 5, characterized in that, An elastic component (6) is provided between the side mold (2) and the base (3). When the side mold (2) and the end mold (1) are closed, the elastic component (6) is in a compressed state. When the side mold (2) and the end mold (1) are separated, the elastic component (6) will return to its original length.

10. A mold for railway sleepers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The splicing seam between the end mold (1) and the side mold (2) and the splicing seam between the bottom mold (4) and the side mold (2) are both provided with sponge strips.

Images