A new selective treatment collection of seawater and deep desalination and hydrogen and oxygen evolution device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel selective treatment collection seawater and depth desalination and hydrogen evolution oxygen evolution device, including reverse osmosis device subassembly, hydraulic turbine subassembly, electrolytic cell depth desalination subassembly. Reverse osmosis subassembly mainly comprises high pressure pump, semi-permeable membrane, fluid pipeline, device shell and hydraulic turbine. The electrolytic cell depth desalination subassembly mainly comprises device shell, graphene cathode and anode sheet, divalent anion membrane, one -way selective anion membrane, one -way selective cation membrane, baffle and fluid guide pipe. The utility model is based on reverse osmosis principle and electrolytic cell principle, realizes device multifunction, and integrates seawater depth desalination, salt recovery and clean energy cogeneration as a whole, and purifies seawater deeply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of reverse osmosis technology and electrodialysis technology, specifically a novel device for selectively treating and collecting seawater for deep desalination while simultaneously generating hydrogen and oxygen. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional seawater desalination hydrogen evolution technologies—membrane and thermal methods—are very mature and widely used. However, these technologies still have some shortcomings, including low yield, high energy consumption, and high cost, which are problems that urgently need to be solved.

[0003] Reverse osmosis (RO) technology is a physical process that separates water molecules from dissolved solutes such as salts using a semi-permeable membrane. The pores of the semi-permeable membrane are small enough to prevent solutes like salts from passing through, but allow water molecules to pass. Before entering the reverse osmosis unit, the water needs to undergo pressure treatment.

[0004] Electrodialysis seawater desalination is a physicochemical process that utilizes the selective permeability of ion exchange membranes to cause the directional migration of ions in seawater, thereby separating water molecules from solutes such as salts. Ion exchange membranes are divided into cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes. Cation exchange membranes allow cations to pass through but block anions, while anion exchange membranes do the opposite. During electrodialysis, an electric field is applied to the seawater to promote the directional movement of ions, thus achieving desalination.

[0005] However, in the application and development of reverse osmosis technology, high freshwater salinity, pollution from concentrate discharge, high requirements for semi-permeable membrane pore size, quality, and lifespan, and the absence of high-value byproducts limit the technology's effectiveness. Electrolytic dialysis, on the other hand, suffers from low desalination efficiency, high energy consumption, and stringent feed water quality requirements. These issues significantly impact the freshwater production of both methods. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a novel selective treatment and collection device for seawater, which also performs deep desalination and hydrogen and oxygen evolution. This device breaks through the limitations of traditional RO membrane pore size and combines electrochemical separation technology to achieve deep water purification and efficient resource utilization.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a novel selective treatment and collection device for deep desalination and simultaneous hydrogen and oxygen evolution, comprising a device shell, a reverse osmosis device assembly, a hydraulic turbine assembly, an electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly, and a sample solution discharge assembly. The reverse osmosis device assembly and the electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly are housed within the device shell. The bottom of the reverse osmosis device assembly within the device shell is connected to the hydraulic turbine assembly, and the bottom of the electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly within the device shell is connected to the sample solution discharge assembly.

[0008] The device housing includes graphene electrode sheets, seawater inlet, high-pressure concentrated brine outlet, low-pressure concentrated brine inlet, and freshwater secondary desalination channel. The deep desalination component of the electrolytic cell inside the device housing is filled with caustic alkali electrolyte.

[0009] Preferably, the reverse osmosis device assembly includes a high-pressure pump and a semi-permeable membrane. The semi-permeable membrane is placed above the seawater inlet and the high-pressure concentrated brine outlet, with its sides attached to the device housing and its top located below the freshwater secondary desalination channel. The high-pressure pump is connected to the bottom of the seawater inlet.

[0010] Preferably, the hydraulic turbine assembly includes a hydraulic turbine, a high-pressure concentrated brine pipeline, and a low-pressure concentrated brine pipeline. The upper end of the high-pressure concentrated brine pipeline is connected to the high-pressure concentrated brine outlet, and the lower end is connected to the hydraulic turbine. The upper end of the low-pressure concentrated brine pipeline is connected to the low-pressure concentrated brine inlet, and the lower end is connected to the hydraulic turbine.

[0011] Preferably, the electrolytic cell deep desalination device assembly includes a freshwater chamber, a concentrated brine chamber, a cation chamber, and a divalent anion chamber. The graphene electrode sheet inside the device housing forms the cation chamber with the univalent selective permeable cation membrane, and the graphene electrode sheet inside the device housing forms the divalent anion membrane. The univalent selective permeable cation membrane inside the device housing forms the freshwater chamber with the partition and the univalent selective permeable anion membrane. The partition inside the device housing forms the concentrated brine chamber with the divalent anion membrane, the univalent selective permeable anion membrane, and the univalent selective permeable cation membrane. The secondary desalination channel is located in the freshwater chamber near the reverse osmosis device assembly, and the low-pressure concentrated brine inlet is located at the bottom of the concentrated brine chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the sample solution discharge assembly includes a freshwater pipe, a brine pipe, a divalent anion pipe, and a cation pipe. The freshwater pipe is connected to the side of the freshwater chamber away from the reverse osmosis device assembly, the brine pipe is connected to the bottom of the concentrated brine chamber, the divalent anion pipe is connected to the bottom of the divalent anion chamber, and the cation pipe is connected to the cation chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the device housing has a "T" shape in top view, and the outer shell is made of corrosion-resistant metal.

[0014] Preferably, the inner walls of the electrolytic cell deep desalination component inside the device housing are provided with sealing rings, and the graphene electrode sheet is inserted into the multi-layer embedded sealing ring, which is fixed by the outer shell.

[0015] Preferably, the graphene electrode sheet is a graphene plate combined with a Gd-Ni-P / NF composite catalyst.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this invention offers the following advantages: It adds an electrolysis cell component to the traditional reverse osmosis (RO) method, forming a two-stage treatment process. The first stage uses a large-pore reverse osmosis membrane to reduce initial energy consumption and produce primary desalinated water. The second stage uses an electrodialysis electrolysis cell to directionally migrate salt ions, further reducing salinity and meeting the needs of high-end industrial water. It breaks through the limitations of traditional RO membrane pore size by using a semi-permeable membrane with enlarged pore size, reducing high-pressure pump energy consumption by lowering the membrane pressure difference. A hydraulic turbine recovers residual pressure energy from concentrated brine, achieving pressure energy to electrical energy conversion, significantly improving the overall system energy efficiency. The centrally located brine chamber places the high-concentration brine chamber in the center of the electrolysis cell, utilizing a selective ion exchange membrane to block corrosive ions such as monovalent Cl⁻ from contacting the electrodes, extending battery life. The partition system uses corrosion-resistant partitions to separate the freshwater chamber and brine chamber, preventing ion back-mixing and ensuring deep desalination efficiency. High-purity hydrogen (cathode) and oxygen (anode) are simultaneously released during electrolysis, which can be used as clean energy, achieving a triple production of "freshwater-chemical raw materials-energy". Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal main view cross-sectional structure of the electrolytic cell deep desalination component and liquid pipeline connection in this practical application.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal planar structure of the reverse osmosis module in this practical application.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a side view of the overall device consisting of a desalination shell, an electrolytic cell for deep desalination, and a reverse osmosis module.

[0023] Schematic diagram of surface structure.

[0024] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Device housing; 2. High-pressure pump; 3. Semi-permeable membrane; 4. High-pressure concentrated brine pipeline; 5. Hydraulic turbine; 6. Graphene electrode sheet; 7. Divalent anion exchange membrane; 8. Single-phase selective anion exchange membrane; 9. Single-phase selective cation exchange membrane; 10. Separator; 11. Freshwater chamber; 12. Concentrated brine chamber; 13. Cation chamber; 14. Divalent anion exchange chamber; 15. Seawater inlet; 16. High-pressure concentrated brine outlet; 17. Low-pressure concentrated brine pipeline; 18. Low-pressure concentrated brine inlet; 19. Secondary freshwater desalination channel; 20. Freshwater pipeline; 21. Brine pipeline; 22. Divalent anion exchange pipeline; 23. Cation exchange pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0025] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a novel selective treatment and collection device for deep desalination and hydrogen and oxygen evolution, comprising a device shell, a reverse osmosis device assembly, a hydraulic turbine assembly, an electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly, and a sample solution discharge assembly. The reverse osmosis device assembly and the electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly are housed within the device shell. The bottom of the reverse osmosis device assembly is connected to the hydraulic turbine assembly, and the bottom of the electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly is connected to the sample solution discharge assembly. The reverse osmosis device assembly is used for preliminary desalination of the coarsely treated seawater; the hydraulic turbine assembly is used to recover residual pressure energy from concentrated brine, reducing energy consumption; the electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly is used for secondary deep desalination of seawater, obtaining solutions with different properties, while simultaneously generating hydrogen and oxygen; the sample solution discharge assembly is used to discharge solutions with different properties.

[0026] Furthermore, the reverse osmosis device assembly includes a high-pressure pump 2 and a semi-permeable membrane 3. The semi-permeable membrane 3 is placed above the seawater inlet 15 and the high-pressure concentrated brine outlet 16, with its side attached to the device housing 1 and its top located below the freshwater secondary desalination channel 19. The high-pressure pump 2 is connected to the bottom of the seawater inlet 15. First, the coarsely treated seawater enters the reverse osmosis device assembly through the seawater inlet 15 via the high-pressure pump 2. The initially desalinated seawater permeates through the semi-permeable membrane and enters the electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly through the freshwater secondary desalination channel 19. The high-pressure concentrated brine that does not permeate through the semi-permeable membrane enters the hydraulic turbine assembly through the high-pressure concentrated brine outlet 16.

[0027] Furthermore, the hydraulic turbine assembly includes a hydraulic turbine 5, a high-pressure concentrated brine pipeline 4, and a low-pressure concentrated brine pipeline 17. The upper end of the high-pressure concentrated brine pipeline 4 is connected to the high-pressure concentrated brine outlet 16, and the lower end is connected to the hydraulic turbine 5. The upper end of the low-pressure concentrated brine pipeline 17 is connected to the low-pressure concentrated brine inlet 18, and the lower end is connected to the hydraulic turbine 5. The high-pressure concentrated brine is converted into low-pressure concentrated brine through the high-pressure concentrated brine channel 4 and the hydraulic turbine 5, recovering the residual pressure energy of the concentrated brine. The low-pressure concentrated brine enters the electrolytic cell deep desalination device assembly through the low-pressure concentrated brine pipeline 17 and the low-pressure concentrated brine inlet 18.

[0028] Furthermore, the electrolytic cell deep desalination device assembly includes a freshwater chamber 11, a concentrated brine chamber 12, a cation chamber 13, and a divalent anion chamber 14. The graphene electrode sheet 6 inside the device housing 1 and the selectively permeable cation exchange membrane 9 form the cation chamber 13. The graphene electrode sheet 6 inside the device housing 1 and the divalent anion exchange membrane form the divalent anion chamber 14. The selectively permeable cation exchange membrane 9 inside the device housing 1, the separator 10, and the selectively permeable anion exchange membrane 8 form the freshwater chamber 11. The separator 10 inside the device housing 1, the divalent anion exchange membrane 7, and the selectively permeable anion exchange membrane 8 form the freshwater chamber 11. The concentrated brine chamber 12 is formed between the membrane 8 and the single-selective permeable cation exchange membrane 9. The secondary desalination channel 19 is placed on the side of the freshwater chamber 11 near the reverse osmosis unit components. The low-pressure concentrated brine inlet 18 is placed at the bottom of the concentrated brine chamber. The pre-desalinated seawater enters the freshwater chamber 11, and the low-pressure concentrated brine enters the concentrated brine chamber 12. The graphene electrode sheet 6 of the device shell 1 is equipped with a Gd-Ni-P / NF composite catalyst. After the electrolytic cell deep desalination component inside the device shell 1 is energized, the Gd-Ni-P / NF composite catalyst is used. Hydrogen gas is released while the electrolytic cell is working, and solutions with different properties are separated.

[0029] Furthermore, the device housing has a "T" shape in top view, and the outer shell is made of corrosion-resistant metal.

[0030] Furthermore, the inner walls on both sides of the electrolytic cell deep desalination component inside the device housing 1 are provided with sealing rings, and the graphene electrode sheet 6 is inserted into the multi-layer embedded sealing rings, which are fixed by the outer shell.

[0031] Furthermore, the graphene electrode sheet (6) is selected as a graphene plate with a Gd-Ni-P / NF composite catalyst.

[0032] The specific process for separating solutions with different properties is as follows: The different pore sizes of the three separation membranes are used to separate cations and anions into various solutions. At this point, the pre-desalinated seawater entering the freshwater chamber 11 allows cations to selectively permeate through the cation exchange membrane 9 into the cation chamber 13, while anions selectively permeate through the anion exchange membrane 8 into the concentrated brine chamber 12. Divalent anions then permeate through the divalent anion exchange membrane 7 from the concentrated brine chamber 12 into the divalent anion chamber 14. Simultaneously, cations in the high-concentration brine entering the concentrated brine chamber 12 permeate through the cation exchange membrane 9 into the cation chamber 13, while divalent anions permeate through the divalent anion exchange membrane 7 from the concentrated brine chamber 12 into the divalent anion chamber 14. This completes the separation of cations and anions into various solutions, obtaining different sample solutions. After the various ions in the freshwater chamber 11 and the concentrated brine chamber 12 are separated, the freshwater chamber now only contains deeply desalinated freshwater.

[0033] Furthermore, the sample solution discharge assembly includes a freshwater pipe 20, a brine pipe 21, a divalent anion pipe 22, and a cation pipe 23. The freshwater pipe 20 is connected to the side of the freshwater chamber 11 away from the reverse osmosis device assembly, the brine pipe 21 is connected to the bottom of the concentrated brine chamber 12, the divalent anion pipe 22 is connected to the bottom of the divalent anion chamber 14, and the cation pipe 23 is connected to the cation chamber 13. Solutions of different properties can be selectively discharged through the corresponding pipes.

[0034] The purpose of this invention is to address the global freshwater shortage by innovatively proposing a highly efficient and energy-saving solution integrating deep seawater desalination, salt recovery, and clean energy co-production. Combining reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis electrolysis cell technologies, it pioneers a "primary desalination + secondary deep desalination" process. The first stage uses a large-pore RO membrane to reduce initial energy consumption and produce primary desalinated water. The second stage uses an electrolysis cell to directionally migrate salt ions, further reducing salinity to meet the demand for high-purity freshwater, while simultaneously enriching different ions and producing byproducts. By optimizing the pore size of the RO membrane and the matching hydraulic turbine, the residual pressure energy of the concentrated brine is recovered, significantly improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. Breaking the limitations of traditional RO membrane pore size and combining electrochemical separation technology, it achieves deep water purification and efficient resource utilization. The use of a centrally located brine chamber and selective ion exchange membrane technology prevents corrosive ions from contacting the electrodes, extending the lifespan of the device. High-purity hydrogen and oxygen are simultaneously released during electrolysis, forming a "freshwater-chemical raw material-clean energy" triple production model. Zero discharge of concentrated brine and salt recovery completely solve the ecological pollution problem of traditional RO method, and is suitable for sensitive sea areas such as mangroves and coral reefs.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present utility have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present utility, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel selective treatment and deep desalination device for seawater collection, comprising a device shell (1), a reverse osmosis unit assembly, a hydraulic turbine assembly, an electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly, and a sample solution discharge assembly, characterized in that: The device housing (1) is equipped with a reverse osmosis device assembly and an electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly. The bottom of the reverse osmosis device assembly in the device housing (1) is connected to a hydraulic turbine assembly, and the bottom of the electrolytic cell deep desalination assembly in the device housing (1) is connected to a sample solution discharge assembly. The device housing (1) includes a graphene electrode sheet (6), a seawater inlet (15), a high-pressure concentrated brine outlet (16), a low-pressure concentrated brine inlet (18), and a freshwater secondary desalination channel (19). The electrolytic cell deep desalination component inside the device housing (1) is filled with caustic alkali electrolyte.

2. The novel selective treatment and deep desalination device for seawater collection and extraction, along with hydrogen and oxygen evolution, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The reverse osmosis unit includes a high-pressure pump (2) and a semi-permeable membrane (3). The semi-permeable membrane (3) is placed above the seawater inlet (15) and the high-pressure concentrated brine outlet (16). Its side is attached to the unit housing (1), and its top is located below the freshwater secondary desalination channel (19). The high-pressure pump (2) is connected to the bottom of the seawater inlet (15).

3. The novel selective treatment and deep desalination device for seawater collection and extraction, along with hydrogen and oxygen evolution, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: The hydraulic turbine assembly includes a hydraulic turbine (5), a high-pressure concentrated brine pipe (4), and a low-pressure concentrated brine pipe (17). The upper end of the high-pressure concentrated brine pipe (4) is connected to the high-pressure concentrated brine outlet (16), and the lower end of the high-pressure concentrated brine pipe (4) is connected to the hydraulic turbine (5). The upper end of the low-pressure concentrated brine pipe (17) is connected to the low-pressure concentrated brine inlet (18), and the lower end of the low-pressure concentrated brine pipe (17) is connected to the hydraulic turbine (5).

4. A novel selective treatment and deep desalination device for seawater collection and extraction, along with hydrogen and oxygen evolution, as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The components of the electrolytic cell deep desalination device include a fresh water chamber (11), a concentrated brine chamber (12), a cation chamber (13), and a divalent anion chamber (14). The graphene electrode sheet (6) inside the device housing (1) forms a cation chamber (13) with the unidirectional selective permeable cation membrane (9), and the graphene electrode sheet (6) inside the device housing (1) forms a divalent anion chamber (14) with the divalent anion membrane (7). The unidirectional selective permeable cation membrane (9) and the partition (10) and the unidirectional selective permeable anion membrane (8) on the inner side of the device housing (1) form a fresh water chamber (11), and the partition (10) and the divalent anion membrane (7) and the unidirectional selective permeable anion membrane (8) and the unidirectional selective permeable cation membrane (9) on the inner side of the device housing (1) form a concentrated brine chamber (12). The secondary desalination channel (19) is located on the side of the freshwater chamber (11) near the reverse osmosis unit components, and the low-pressure concentrated brine inlet (18) is located at the bottom of the concentrated brine chamber.

5. A novel selective treatment and deep desalination device for seawater collection and hydrogen / oxygen evolution according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sample solution discharge assembly includes a fresh water pipe (20), a brine pipe (21), a divalent anion pipe (22), and a cation pipe (23). The fresh water pipe (20) is connected to the side of the fresh water chamber (11) away from the reverse osmosis unit assembly. The brine pipe (21) is connected to the bottom of the concentrated brine chamber (12). The divalent anion pipe (22) is connected to the bottom of the divalent anion chamber (14). The cation pipe (23) is connected to the cation chamber (13).

6. A novel selective treatment and deep desalination device for seawater collection and extraction, along with hydrogen and oxygen evolution, as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The device housing has a "T" shape in top view, and the outer shell is made of corrosion-resistant metal.

7. A novel selective treatment and deep desalination device for seawater collection and hydrogen / oxygen evolution according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner walls of the electrolytic cell deep desalination component inside the device housing (1) are provided with sealing rings, and the graphene electrode sheet (6) is inserted into the multi-layer embedded sealing ring. The sealing ring is cut and fixed by the outer shell.

8. A novel selective treatment and deep desalination device for seawater collection and hydrogen / oxygen evolution according to claim 7, characterized in that: The graphene electrode sheet (6) is a graphene plate with a Gd-Ni-P / NF composite catalyst.

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