Bottom pot for liquor brewing and direct combustion distillation device for liquor production
By setting inclined heat exchange tubes and a fully enclosed reflector structure inside the bottom pot, the burner design was optimized, solving the problems of low heating efficiency and uneven heating, and achieving more efficient and uniform steam production and energy-saving effects.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SICHUAN MIANZHU JIANNANCHUN DISTILLERY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-07
Smart Images
Figure CN224467744U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a bottom pot for brewing baijiu and a direct-fire distillation device for baijiu production, belonging to the technical field of distillation devices in the baijiu production process. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the production of baijiu (Chinese liquor) is entirely accomplished through distillation. In existing baijiu production processes, distillation typically uses steam from a steam boiler as the heat source. The stills used for distillation are typically flat-bottomed or slightly curved, and steam is introduced into the still to heat and distill the mash on top. Because centralized steam heating is used, a steam boiler, steam pipelines, and related control valves and operating equipment are required. This results in significant investment in equipment, as well as substantial maintenance costs for the steam pipelines, valves, and control equipment. Furthermore, the long steam pipelines transporting the steam to each workshop lead to significant heat loss during transport, further increasing costs. Another drawback of centralized steam heating is the inconsistent heating time for each still. The opening and closing of the steam pipelines for each still affects the steam pressure within the pipelines, causing uneven steam pressure across the stills. This results in temperature fluctuations during distillation, making it difficult to control the heating amount and ultimately impacting the yield and quality of each batch of baijiu.
[0003] The widespread availability of gaseous fuels and the ease of controlling gas heating have made it possible to use gaseous fuels for controlled direct combustion heating of each still. This overcomes the shortcomings of centralized heating, such as high heat loss, extensive equipment maintenance, and significant fluctuations in heating pressure, which lead to high production costs and difficulty in guaranteeing the quantity and quality of the brewed liquor. Therefore, many existing technologies have developed solutions for direct bottom combustion heating of the still.
[0004] The applicant's previous solution was a still pot disclosed in Chinese patent document CN1318566C. This still pot includes a pot body with a bottom, and the interior of the pot body is a volumetric space. The edge of the bottom is connected to a downward-extending annular periphery, which, together with the bottom, forms a heating space with a lower opening. The outer periphery of the annular periphery is provided with an outer wall that is sealed to the pot body. The bottom of the annular periphery and the outer wall are sealed to an annular bottom edge. The annular periphery is sealed to the bottom of the pot, and the interlayer space formed by the annular periphery, the outer wall, and the annular bottom edge is connected to the volumetric space of the pot body. The above-mentioned scheme employs a downward-extending annular perimeter connected to the edge of the pot bottom, forming a heating space with a lower opening. Gas nozzles extend from this lower opening, utilizing gaseous fuel for combustion within this relatively enclosed space. This effectively utilizes heat energy, minimizes heat loss, and facilitates easy control of heating. It also boasts advantages such as low equipment investment, low maintenance costs, no interference between heating of each still, easy assurance of brew quality, and low production costs. Furthermore, connecting the interlayer space formed by the annular perimeter, outer wall, and bottom edge to the volume of the pot body further improves thermal efficiency and helps prevent the still bottom from drying out, which significantly impacts brew quality. However, this scheme relies solely on the burner to directly heat the pot bottom. Since the central area where the burner output is located is the directly heated area, steam generation typically occurs first in the central region of the pot, while steam generation in the outer perimeter is delayed. Therefore, heating efficiency and the uniformity of the generated steam need further improvement. The uniformity of the steam generated in the bottom pot directly affects the yield and quality of the base liquor of baijiu produced from the lees in the still.
[0005] In addition, there are other direct-fired bottom pot heating solutions in the existing technology. For example, Chinese patent document CN205170807U discloses a gas-fired still bottom pot heating system, which consists of a bottom pot cylinder, a gas nozzle, a combustion heat exchanger, a jacketed flame baffle, heat exchange tubes, a flue, a waste heat recovery device, and a flue outlet. The combustion heat exchanger is fixed inside the bottom pot cylinder, with one end connected to the gas nozzle and the other end connected to the waste heat recovery device through the flue. The tail end of the waste heat recovery device is the flue outlet. The combustion heat exchanger contains a jacketed flame baffle and heat exchange tubes. This solution arranges the heat exchange tubes vertically inside the bottom pot, and the direct-fired flame heats the heat exchange tubes horizontally. This results in problems such as water boiling first on the side of the bottom pot, uneven heating, and uneven steam buildup. Furthermore, lees or other debris may fall into the heat exchange tubes, making them difficult to clean, affecting the quality of the distilled liquor, producing off-flavors, and if the heat exchange tubes are completely blocked, they can easily burn out the bottom pot.
[0006] Chinese patent document CN108841555A discloses a heating device for a brewing pot, including a pot body with a heat exchanger installed inside. The heat exchanger is connected to a burner and an exhaust pipe. The burner heats the heat exchanger, which in turn heats the evaporation water inside the pot body. The exhaust pipe is used to discharge exhaust gas after fuel combustion. A certain amount of water is added to the pot body, immersing the heat exchanger in the water. The burner heats the heat exchanger, and the heat generated is absorbed by the water inside the pot body. The exhaust gas after fuel combustion is discharged through the exhaust pipe. During the distillation process, the heat exchanger is completely submerged in water, and the heat generated by the burner is directly absorbed by the water for evaporation, thus greatly improving the thermal efficiency of the device. However, this design also involves vertically arranging heat exchange tubes inside the pot and horizontally heating them with a direct-fired flame. This results in uneven heating, with the water on the sides of the pot boiling first, leading to uneven steam buildup. In addition, lees and other substances may fall into the heat exchange tubes, making them difficult to clean, affecting the quality of the distilled spirits, producing off-flavors, and if the heat exchange tubes are completely blocked, they can easily burn out the bottom pot.
[0007] Chinese patent document CN205170811U discloses an energy-saving direct-fired gas-fired brewing pot, including a pot body, a submerged heat exchanger, and a measuring tank. The submerged heat exchanger is located at the bottom of the pot body, with a duct connected to its front end and a tailpipe connected to the tail gas inlet of the measuring tank. The combustion nozzle of the combustion assembly is located inside the pipe of the submerged heat exchanger, and the combustion assembly is connected to a gas pipe. In this design, the submerged heat exchanger is volute-shaped, and the burner is arranged horizontally. The mixed gas burns at the pipe opening, and the resulting high-temperature flue gas heats the water in the pot through the pipe wall. The flame burning at the pipe opening results in uneven heating due to a high temperature at the front and a low temperature at the back. Furthermore, the high-temperature flue gas easily produces carbon deposits inside the pipe, imparting a burnt or other off-flavor to the brewed product, and the inner wall of the pipe is difficult to clean.
[0008] As can be seen from the solutions described in the above four patent documents, the long-standing technical problem in this field is: how to improve the heating efficiency of the bottom pot and the heat uniformity of the still when using direct-fired gas heating. Utility Model Content
[0009] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a bottom pot for brewing baijiu, which can effectively improve the heating efficiency of the bottom pot and the heat uniformity of the still.
[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a bottom pot for brewing baijiu (Chinese liquor), including a pot body with a bottom, the interior of the pot body being a volumetric space, the edge of the bottom of the pot being connected to a downwardly extending annular periphery, the annular periphery and the bottom of the pot forming a heating space with a lower opening; the outer periphery of the annular periphery is provided with an outer wall that is sealed and connected to the pot body, the bottom of the annular periphery and the outer wall are sealed and connected with an annular bottom edge, the annular periphery and the bottom of the pot are sealed and connected, the annular periphery, the outer wall and the annular bottom edge form a sandwich space, the sandwich space is connected to the volumetric space of the pot body; multiple heat exchange tubes are fixedly arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the annular periphery, the heat exchange tubes are arranged at intervals along the left and right direction, and the two ends of the axial direction of each heat exchange tube are respectively connected to the front and rear areas of the sandwich space.
[0011] A further preferred embodiment is as follows: the axis of each heat exchange tube extends obliquely along the front-to-back direction, and the heat exchange tube is composed of staggered first heat exchange tubes and second heat exchange tubes. The front end of the first heat exchange tube is lower than the rear end, and the front end of the second heat exchange tube is higher than the rear end. The front end of the second heat exchange tube is at the same height as the rear end of the first heat exchange tube, and the rear end of the second heat exchange tube is at the same height as the front end of the first heat exchange tube. Multiple heat exchange tubes are evenly spaced along the left-to-right direction. The interlayer space is connected to the volume space of the pot body through an annular cavity.
[0012] A further preferred option is that the angle between the axis of the heat exchange tube and the horizontal plane is 5° to 15°.
[0013] A further preferred option is that the angle between the perimeter of the annular ring and the bottom of the pot is an acute angle.
[0014] A further preferred embodiment is as follows: a drain pipe is installed at the bottom of the interlayer space, and a steam inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the pot near the bottom of the pot; an exhaust pipe is fixedly installed on the outer wall and the periphery of the annulus, and the exhaust pipe connects the heating space and the outer space of the outer wall; a flame observation pipe is fixedly installed on the outer wall and the periphery of the annulus, and a flame detector is installed inside the flame observation pipe.
[0015] Correspondingly, this utility model also provides a direct-fired distillation device for baijiu production, including a bottom pot and a burner. The burner is used to heat the bottom pot, which is fixedly installed on the equipment foundation. The bottom pot is the baijiu brewing bottom pot described above. The equipment foundation includes a support base, the top surface of which is used to support and fix the annular bottom edge of the bottom pot. A reflector plate is provided at the lower opening of the heating space of the bottom pot. The reflector plate is used to reflect the radiant heat at the reflector plate back to the bottom of the pot. The reflector plate is an inverted conical integrated structure and is coaxially arranged with the annular periphery of the bottom pot. The peripheral edge forms a closed connection with the lower end of the inner circumferential surface of the annular periphery of the bottom pot. The center of the reflector plate is a mounting hole, and a burner is fixedly installed in the mounting hole. The burner includes a burner shell, which has a gas mixing chamber and several nozzles facing the bottom of the bottom pot. The burner shell is provided with a gas input pipe and an air input pipe communicating with the gas mixing chamber. The burner shell is equipped with an ignition mechanism for igniting the gas-air mixture ejected from the nozzles. The end of the burner shell with the nozzles extends out of the upper end face of the mounting hole of the reflector plate.
[0016] A further preferred embodiment is as follows: a flue wall is fixedly installed on the top surface of the support base in the outer peripheral area of the outer wall of the bottom pot. The outer wall of the bottom pot, the flue wall, and the top surface of the support base together form a closed annular flue. The annular flue contains a sealing block that completely seals the radial flow section of the annular flue. A flue gas inlet is provided on one side of the sealing block, and a flue gas outlet is provided on the other side of the sealing block. Both the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the annular flue are located near the sealing block. The flue gas inlet is located on the outer wall of the bottom pot and is connected to the heating space of the bottom pot through an exhaust pipe. The flue gas outlet is located on the flue wall and is connected to the workshop flue.
[0017] A further preferred embodiment is as follows: a refractory brick masonry layer, an insulation board layer, and a reinforced concrete slab layer are sequentially stacked on the lower surface of the reflector. The lower surface of the reflector is in contact with the refractory brick masonry layer, and the reinforced concrete slab layer and the support base are an integral structure. A burner installation pipe is pre-embedded and fixed in the reinforced concrete slab layer. The burner installation pipe extends vertically downwards from the lower surface of the reinforced concrete slab layer. The lower end of the burner installation pipe has a first connecting flange, and the outer surface of the burner shell has a second connecting flange. A sealing gasket is provided between the first connecting flange and the second connecting flange, and they are fixed by bolts. A thermal insulation layer is pre-installed in the flue wall, arranged around the outer periphery of the annular flue. The thermal insulation layer includes a vertical section and a horizontal section of the thermal insulation layer fixed as one unit. The horizontal section of the thermal insulation layer is located at the top of the vertical section of the thermal insulation layer and extends towards the bottom of the pot.
[0018] A further preferred embodiment includes a still and a condenser. The still is fixedly placed on top of the bottom pot. The top of the still is connected to the inlet of the condenser in the condenser via a steam delivery pipe. The condenser has a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe. A steam inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the pot near the bottom. A flue heat exchanger is installed in the workshop flue near the flue gas outlet of the annular flue. The flue heat exchanger has a water-steam pipeline and a flue gas exhaust pipeline that can exchange heat with each other. The water-steam pipeline has a water inlet end and a steam outlet end. The inlet of the flue gas exhaust pipeline of the flue heat exchanger is connected to the end of the workshop flue near the flue gas outlet of the annular flue, and the outlet of the flue gas exhaust pipeline is connected to the end of the workshop flue away from the flue gas outlet of the annular flue. The water inlet end of the flue heat exchanger is connected to the cooling water outlet pipe of the condenser, and the steam outlet end is connected to the inlet end of the steam inlet pipe of the bottom pot.
[0019] A further preferred embodiment is as follows: the burner includes a fan, and the burner housing includes a cylindrical body with its axis vertically aligned. The lower end of the cylindrical body is an air inlet, and the upper end is an air outlet. A burner head is fixedly installed inside the air outlet of the burner housing. The area between the air inlet of the burner housing and the input end of the burner head constitutes a mixed gas chamber. An air input pipe is connected to the outlet end of the fan, and the outlet end of the air input pipe is connected to the air inlet of the burner housing. The output end of the gas input pipe is coaxially arranged with the air inlet of the burner housing and extends into the mixed gas chamber. Inside, a micro-channel rectifier is installed at the output end of the gas input pipe, and a regulating valve for adjusting the gas flow is installed on the gas input pipe; the burner head includes a main frame and at least one flame stabilizing isolation zone. The flame stabilizing isolation zone divides the interior of the main frame into at least two ventilation areas along the gas channel direction. Each ventilation area is provided with several partitioning mechanisms, which divide the ventilation area into several nozzles. The nozzles are used to pass the gas-air mixture and enhance the mixing effect. The flame stabilizing isolation zone can separate the combustion flame on the combustion surface of the main frame into independent flames.
[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Multiple heat exchange tubes are added within the heating space of the bottom pot. Through the unique heating structure of these tubes, the burner head located at the center of the lower end of the bottom pot can simultaneously and directly heat both the bottom of the pot and the heat exchange tubes. These heat exchange tubes not only increase the heat exchange area and improve heating efficiency, but more importantly, they rapidly transfer heat to the circumferential area of the bottom pot, redistributing the heat within the pot and accelerating steam generation in the circumferential area. This shortens the boiling time of a single batch of water by 5 to 10 minutes, and results in more uniform steam distribution after boiling, which is beneficial for the consistency and smoothness of the smoke rising from the steamer. This is crucial for improving the quality of the liquor and increasing the yield. Simultaneously, the improved heating efficiency also saves on gas consumption, resulting in significant energy savings and increased production efficiency. The connection points of the heat exchange tubes are located on the circular periphery inside the bottom pot and are arranged at an angle. This not only facilitates the upward movement of steam along the angle, reducing scale buildup within the heat exchange tubes, but also effectively prevents lees from falling into the heat exchange tubes, reducing the risk of blockage.
[0021] In addition, the lower part of the pot is made of cast-in-place concrete and an integrated reflector plate, forming a fully enclosed combustion chamber. The fan draws air from the outside into the combustion chamber to ensure combustion efficiency and prevent particulate matter from exceeding the standard. The reflector plate uses the mirror principle to reflect heat radiation to the bottom of the pot, which redistributes the heat and achieves the effect of uniform boiling of water and uniform rise of steam throughout the pot. This further improves the uniformity and flatness of the smoke from the steamer, while also saving gas consumption.
[0022] The outer side of the bottom pot is arranged with an annular flue. The arrangement of the flue gas inlet and outlet relative to the sealing block through the positional relationship of the flue gas inlet and outlet of the annular flue allows the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace to be forced to be discharged uniformly after circling the bottom pot. This allows the bottom pot to make full use of the waste heat of the flue gas, produce more steam, and heat the pot more evenly, while also creating a greater energy-saving effect.
[0023] The burner uses a low-NOx burner, with carbon monoxide emission concentrations below 100 mg / m³. 3 Both thermal and rapid nitrogen oxides are suppressed, and NOx emission concentrations are below 30 mg / m³. 3 It meets national emission standards and also allows for more complete combustion, further saving gas and creating a greater energy-saving effect. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a front view of the bottom pot for brewing baijiu (Chinese liquor) according to this utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A sectional view along the AA direction;
[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1BB direction sectional view;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the direct-fired distillation device for liquor production in this utility model (the heat exchange tube of the bottom pot is not shown).
[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of part C in the diagram;
[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flue layout in this utility model;
[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the burner in this utility model.
[0031] Component markings in the diagram: Bottom pot 1, Bottom pot 11, Pot body 12, Volume space 13, Circular perimeter 14, Lower opening 15, Heating space 16, Distillation still docking groove 17, Exhaust pipe 18, Outer wall 19, Circular bottom edge 110, Heat exchange tube 111, Steam inlet pipe 112, Interlayer space 113, Flame observation pipe 114; Reflector 2; Burner 3, Burner shell 31, Mixed gas chamber 32, Nozzle 33 34. Gas input pipe; 35. Air input pipe; 36. Burner head; 37. Micro-channel rectifier; 38. Fan; 39. Ignition mechanism; 4. Flue heat exchanger; 5. Distillation still; 51. Distillation vapor delivery pipe; 6. Condensation device; 7. Annular flue; 71. Sealing block; 81. Support base; 82. Refractory brick masonry layer; 83. Insulation board layer; 84. Reinforced concrete slab layer; 85. Flue wall; 86. Thermal insulation layer; 87. Burner installation pipe; 9. Workshop flue. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0033] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the baijiu brewing pot (i.e., "pot 1") of this utility model includes a pot body 12 with a pot bottom 11, and a volume space 13 inside the pot body 12. The edge of the pot bottom 11 is connected to a downwardly extending annular periphery 14. The annular periphery 14 and the pot bottom 11 form a heating space 16 with a lower opening 15. The outer periphery of the annular periphery 14 is provided with an outer wall 19 that is sealed and connected to the pot body 12. The bottom of the annular periphery 14 and the outer wall 19 are sealed and connected with an annular bottom edge 110. The annular periphery 14 and the pot bottom 11 are sealed and connected. The annular periphery 14, the outer wall 19 and the annular bottom edge 110 form a sandwich space 113. The sandwich space 113 is connected to the volume space 13 of the pot body 12. The above-mentioned main structure can be referred to in Chinese Patent Document CN1318566C. The key technical point of this utility model is that multiple heat exchange tubes 111 are fixedly arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the annular periphery 14. The heat exchange tubes 111 are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction. The two ends of each heat exchange tube 111 are respectively connected to the front and rear regions of the interlayer space 113. That is, the annular periphery 14 is provided with connecting through holes corresponding to the heat exchange tubes 111. Generally, the heat exchange tubes 111 can be connected and fixed to the annular periphery 14 by full welding, while ensuring the airtightness of the connection. "Annular periphery 14" should be interpreted broadly, specifically referring to a cylindrical body with a circular cross-section, which can be a straight cylindrical body or a conical cylindrical body. In practical implementation, when adding water to the volume space 13 within the pot body 12, not only is the interlayer space 113 pre-filled with water, but the heat exchange tubes 111 are also filled with water. When heating using the burner head 37 in the lower center of the heating space 16, the bottom of the pot 11 and the heat exchange tubes 111 can be heated directly and simultaneously. These heat exchange tubes 111 not only increase the heat exchange area and improve heating efficiency, but more importantly, they can quickly transfer heat energy to the circumferential area of the bottom pot 1, redistributing the heat within the pot and accelerating the generation of steam in the circumferential area. This shortens the time required to boil a batch of water, and the steam distribution after boiling is more uniform, which is beneficial for the consistency and smoothness of the smoke rising from the upper pot. This is crucial for improving the quality of the liquor and increasing the yield. At the same time, due to the improved heating efficiency, gas consumption is also saved, resulting in excellent energy-saving effects and increased production efficiency.
[0034] It is understandable that by adding multiple heat exchange tubes 111 extending horizontally or obliquely in the front-to-back direction inside the heating pot of the bottom pot, the heating efficiency and heat uniformity can be improved to a certain extent, while also achieving energy saving. To further enhance the technical effect of the heat exchange tubes 111, the preferred arrangement is that the axis of each heat exchange tube 111 extends obliquely in the front-to-back direction. The heat exchange tubes 111 are composed of staggered first heat exchange tubes and second heat exchange tubes. The front end of the first heat exchange tube is lower than the rear end, and the front end of the second heat exchange tube is higher than the rear end. The front end of the second heat exchange tube is at the same height as the rear end of the first heat exchange tube, and the rear end of the second heat exchange tube is at the same height as the front end of the first heat exchange tube. Multiple heat exchange tubes 111 are evenly spaced in the left-to-right direction. The interlayer space 113 is connected to the volume space 13 of the pot body 12 through an annular cavity (the outer wall 19 and the outer peripheral wall of the pot body 12 can usually be a cylindrical body with an integral structure). Since the connection point of the heat exchange tube 111 is located on the annular periphery 14 inside the bottom pot 1 and is arranged at an angle, it not only facilitates the upward movement of steam along the angle and reduces scale in the heat exchange tube 111, but also effectively prevents the lees from falling into the heat exchange tube 111 and reduces the risk of blockage.
[0035] The number, size, and tilt angle of the heat exchange tubes 111 can be reasonably set according to actual conditions. A preferred arrangement for the tilt angle is that the angle between the axis of the heat exchange tubes 111 and the horizontal plane is 5° to 15°. In the preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the angle between the axis of the heat exchange tubes 111 and the horizontal plane is 10°, the number of heat exchange tubes 111 is 14, the outer diameter of each heat exchange tube 111 is 45mm, and the horizontal spacing between the central axes of the heat exchange tubes 111 is 85mm. Under the same experimental parameters, compared with the applicant's prior patent application (Chinese patent document with publication number CN1318566C), by simply replacing the bottom pot and adding the aforementioned 14 heat exchange tubes 111, the present invention reduces the boiling time of a single pot of water by 5 to 10 minutes through comparative experiments. Moreover, the steam distribution is more uniform after the water boils, which is beneficial to the consistency and flatness of the smoke passing through the upper pot. During distillation, a single pot (with a raw material weight of 0.9t to 0.95t) can save approximately 3m³ of fuel gas.
[0036] To facilitate the observation of flame size and enable automated control of the burner 3, this invention also includes a flame observation pipe 114 fixedly installed on the outer wall 19 and the annular periphery 14 of the bottom pot 1. A flame detector is installed inside the flame observation pipe 114. The flame detector is an existing component, and its specific installation structure is common knowledge. The flame detector is a crucial device in the furnace safety monitoring system. Its function is to monitor the combustion conditions in real time based on the flame's combustion characteristics. If the flame combustion state does not meet normal conditions or the flame goes out, a signal is given in a specific manner to ensure that fuel supply is stopped when the furnace is extinguished, preventing fuel accumulation in the furnace and the risk of ignition leading to a furnace explosion. After the flame detector is installed, the flame observation pipe 114 has a sealed structure, preventing any flue gas from escaping. Flue gas can only be exhausted through the exhaust pipe 18.
[0037] Other structural features of the bottom pot 1 can be implemented with reference to existing technologies. For example, to further improve the thermal efficiency of gas combustion heating, the angle between the annular periphery 14 and the bottom pot 11 is an acute angle (i.e., the annular periphery 14 is equivalent to an inverted conical cylinder), generally designed to be 80° to 85°. This allows the upward reflection effect of the annular periphery 14 to reflect some of the radiant heat back to the vicinity of the bottom pot 11, further increasing the temperature within the heating space 16, thus making more efficient use of thermal energy. The bottom pot 1 can be made of materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, or copper, and the bottom pot 11 can be a flat bottom or a spherical arc shape.
[0038] A drain pipe is installed at the bottom of the mezzanine space 113. The drain pipe is connected to the mezzanine space 113 and can be used to drain excess water and sewage at the bottom, and can also be used to replace the water in the boiler.
[0039] A steam inlet pipe 112 is connected to the bottom of the pot body 12 near the bottom 11. The steam introduced through the steam inlet pipe 112 can be generated using waste heat or can utilize an existing steam source, making the pot 1 suitable for various occasions. In a preferred embodiment, the steam introduced through the steam inlet pipe 112 is generated using waste heat, as detailed in the direct-fired distillation apparatus for liquor production described later.
[0040] An exhaust pipe 18 is fixedly installed on the outer wall 19 and the annular periphery 14. The exhaust pipe 18 connects the heating space 16 and the outer space of the outer wall 19. The exhaust pipe 18 is used to discharge the exhaust gas after combustion, which can not only facilitate the utilization of residual heat, but also reduce environmental pollution by centrally treating the exhaust gas, thus achieving the purpose of comprehensive utilization.
[0041] Correspondingly, this utility model also provides a direct-fired distillation apparatus for baijiu (Chinese liquor) production. Further reference... Figures 4 to 7The direct-fired distillation apparatus for liquor production includes a bottom pot 1 and a burner 3. The burner 3 is used to heat the bottom pot 1, which is fixedly installed on the equipment foundation. The bottom pot 1 adopts the specific structure of the various embodiments described above. The equipment foundation includes a support base 81, the top surface of which is used to support and fix the annular bottom edge 110 of the bottom pot 1. A reflector plate 2 is provided at the lower opening of the heating space 16 of the bottom pot 1. The reflector plate 2 is used to reflect the radiant heat at the reflector plate 2 back to the bottom of the pot 11. The reflector plate 2 is an inverted conical integral structure and is coaxially arranged with the annular periphery 14 of the bottom pot 1. The outer peripheral edge of the reflector plate 2 forms a closed connection with the lower end of the inner peripheral surface of the annular periphery 14 of the bottom pot 1. The center of the reflector plate 2 is a mounting hole, and the burner 3 is fixedly installed in the mounting hole. The device includes a burner housing 31, which has a gas mixing chamber 32 and several nozzles 33 facing the bottom 11 of the pot 1. The burner housing 31 is equipped with a gas inlet pipe 34 and an air inlet pipe 35 communicating with the gas mixing chamber 32. The burner housing 31 is also equipped with an ignition mechanism 39 for igniting the gas-air mixture ejected from the nozzles 33. One end of the burner housing 31 with the nozzles 33 extends beyond the upper surface of the mounting hole of the reflector plate 2. It is understood that the reflector plate 2 is used to reflect radiant heat back to the bottom 11 of the pot. To ensure reflection efficiency, its upper surface should have a certain degree of smoothness to form a mirror effect. The cone angle of the reflector plate 2 can be reasonably designed according to actual conditions. In the embodiment shown in the attached figure, the angle formed by the outer edge of the upper surface of the reflector plate 2 relative to the horizontal direction is 2°. In this basic scheme, the main structure of this utility model can be implemented by referring to the applicant's prior patent application scheme (Chinese patent document with publication number CN1304551C). The key technical point is that the redesigned bottom pot 1 is installed, and the burner 3 is clearly defined to have a gas and air mixing input system. The reflector 2 is an inverted conical integrated structure without splicing gaps, so as to fully ensure the airtightness of the main structure of the furnace, thereby further improving the heating efficiency and optimizing the workshop production environment.
[0042] To further improve heating efficiency and the uniformity of steam upward movement, the top surface of the support base 81 in this invention is fixedly provided with a flue wall 85 on the outer periphery of the outer wall 19 of the bottom pot 1. The outer wall 19 of the bottom pot 1, the flue wall 85 and the top surface of the support base 81 are combined to form a closed annular flue 7. The annular flue 7 has a sealing block 71, which completely seals the radial flow section of the annular flue 7. The annular flue 7 has a flue gas inlet on one side of the sealing block 71 and a flue gas outlet on the other side of the sealing block 71. The flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the annular flue 7 are both located near the sealing block 71. The flue gas inlet is located on the outer wall 19 of the bottom pot 1 and is connected to the heating space 16 of the bottom pot 1 through the exhaust pipe 18. The flue gas outlet is located on the flue wall 85 and is connected to the workshop flue 9. With the above structural design, the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace can be forced to be discharged uniformly after circling the bottom pot 1, so that the bottom pot 1 can make full use of the waste heat of the flue gas, produce more steam, and be heated more evenly inside the pot, while forming a greater energy-saving effect.
[0043] To further facilitate the utilization of waste heat from flue gas, this invention comprises a refractory brick masonry layer 82, an insulation board layer 83, and a reinforced concrete slab layer 84 sequentially stacked on the lower surface of the reflector plate 2. The lower surface of the reflector plate 2 is in contact with the refractory brick masonry layer 82 (which includes a plastering leveling layer). The reinforced concrete slab layer 84 and the support base 81 are integrally formed. A burner mounting pipe 87 is pre-embedded and fixed within the reinforced concrete slab layer 84, extending vertically downwards from the lower surface of the reinforced concrete slab layer 84. The lower end of the burner mounting pipe 87 has a first connecting flange, and the outer surface of the burner shell 31 has a second connecting flange. A sealing gasket is provided between the first connecting flange and the second connecting flange, and they are fixed by bolts. The flue wall 85 is pre-installed with a heat insulation layer 86 arranged around the outer periphery of the annular flue 7. The heat insulation layer 86 includes a vertical section and a horizontal section of the heat insulation layer fixed as one piece. The horizontal section of the heat insulation layer is located at the top of the vertical section of the heat insulation layer and extends towards the bottom pot 1.
[0044] Comparative experiments have verified that, under the same experimental conditions, considering only the energy-saving effect brought about by the above-mentioned structure including the annular flue 7, sealing block 71, reflector 2, refractory brick masonry layer 82, insulation board layer 83, reinforced concrete slab layer 84, and thermal insulation layer 86, approximately 5 m³ / gastrodin can be saved in fuel gas. The weight of the raw material for a single gastrodin is generally 0.9t to 0.95t, as mentioned above. The furnace structure and flue layout of the comparative test example are implemented using Chinese patent document CN1304551C. Its reflector is composed of three sets of 120° fan-shaped reflector units spliced along the circumference of the reflector. The reflector unit is composed of at least two reflector segments overlapping along the radial direction of the reflector. An air inlet gap is left at the overlapping part between each reflector segment. Its heating space has three evenly distributed exhaust ports to connect to the flue.
[0045] To further utilize the waste heat from the cooling water generated by the condenser 6 and the waste heat from the flue gas generated by the bottom pot 1, this utility model also includes a still 5 and a condenser 6. The still 5 is fixedly placed on top of the bottom pot 1. The top of the still 5 is connected to the inlet of the condenser in the condenser 6 through a vapor delivery pipe 51. The condenser 6 has a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe. A steam inlet pipe 112 is connected to the bottom of the pot body 12 near the bottom 11. A flue gas outlet is installed in the workshop flue 9 near the flue gas outlet of the annular flue 7. The flue heat exchanger 4 has a water-steam pipeline and a flue gas discharge pipeline capable of exchanging heat with each other. The water-steam pipeline has a water inlet end and a steam outlet end. The inlet of the flue gas discharge pipeline of the flue heat exchanger 4 is connected to the end of the workshop flue 9 near the flue gas outlet of the annular flue 7, and the outlet of the flue gas discharge pipeline is connected to the end of the workshop flue 9 away from the flue gas outlet of the annular flue 7. The water inlet end of the flue heat exchanger 4 is connected to the cooling water outlet pipe of the condensing device 6, and the steam outlet end is connected to the inlet end of the steam inlet pipe 112 of the bottom pot 1. In the above scheme, the waste heat of the flue gas is first reused through the annular flue 7, and then the waste heat of the flue gas is reused again through the flue heat exchanger 4, which effectively improves the energy saving effect. The main structure of the flue heat exchanger 4, the still 5, and the condensing device 6 can all be implemented with reference to the prior art, such as Chinese patent document with publication number CN1304551C.
[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the burner 3 of this invention has the following specific structure: the burner 3 further includes a fan 38 for connection with the air input pipe 35; the burner housing 31 includes a cylindrical body with its axis vertically oriented, the lower end of the cylindrical body being an air inlet and the upper end being an air outlet; a burner head 36 is fixedly installed inside the air outlet of the burner housing 31; the area between the air inlet of the burner housing 31 and the input end of the burner head 36 constitutes a mixed gas chamber 32; the air input pipe 35 is connected to the outlet end of the fan 38; the outlet end of the air input pipe 35 is connected to the air inlet of the burner housing 31; and the output end of the gas input pipe 34 is connected to the burner... The air inlet of the housing 31 is coaxially arranged and extends into the mixed gas chamber 32. A micro-channel rectifier 37 is provided at the output end of the gas input pipe 34, and a regulating valve for adjusting the gas flow rate is provided on the gas input pipe 34. The burner head 36 includes a main frame and at least one flame-stabilizing isolation zone. The flame-stabilizing isolation zone divides the interior of the main frame into at least two ventilation areas along the gas channel direction. Each ventilation area is provided with several partitioning mechanisms, which divide the ventilation area into several nozzles 33. The nozzles 33 are used to pass the gas-air mixture and enhance the mixing effect. The flame-stabilizing isolation zone can separate the combustion flame on the combustion surface of the main frame into independent individual flames. For the specific structure and process principle of the micro-channel rectifier 37 and the burner head 36, please refer to Chinese patent document with publication number CN214249581U. The blower 38 provides the air required for combustion, the regulating valve controls the gas flow and its magnitude, and the microporous rectifier 37 ensures the gas is evenly distributed across the air passage cross-section, allowing for thorough and uniform mixing of gas and air within the mixing chamber 32. The specially designed burner head 36 further ensures that the gas and air are highly and uniformly mixed upon entering its nozzle 33 (microporous structure), igniting to form a uniform premixed flame. The flame stabilization isolation zone ensures that the flames are independent of each other, forming a pyramid-shaped flame (with a hollow cone-shaped flame surface), resulting in a more stable flame and effectively preventing flickering flames. The microporous structure has a high pore density and limited pore size; the confined space within the small holes acts as a rectifier, effectively mixing the gas and air, resulting in very low CO and NOx emissions, making it clean and efficient. The small holes also provide backfire prevention, ensuring combustion safety. The regulating valve can also be an electric valve, linked to the flame detector mentioned earlier for control. Comparative tests have verified that, under the same experimental conditions, by simply replacing the aforementioned burner 3, this invention not only achieves a carbon monoxide emission concentration below 100 mg / m³, but also... 3 NOx emission concentration is below 30 mg / m³ 3This achieves national emission standards while also ensuring more complete combustion, further saving gas and resulting in greater energy savings, up to 3 m³ / steamer. The burner structure used in the comparative test example is the scheme in Chinese patent document CN1304551C. Its burner shell has a chamber communicating with the gas input pipe and several nozzles facing the bottom of the pot. An air input pipe communicating with the chamber is provided on the shell. The gas input pipe and the air input pipe are coaxial, and the gas input pipe is located inside the air input pipe.
[0047] Compared to the scheme in Chinese patent document CN1304551C (referred to as "Comparative Example 1" in Tables 1 and 2), this utility model, by comprehensively adopting the above technical measures, can significantly reduce energy consumption in the distillation process of baijiu (Chinese liquor), improve production efficiency, and simultaneously achieve more uniform steam distribution, which is beneficial to the consistency and smoothness of the smoke passing through the still. This is crucial for improving liquor quality and yield. The exhaust emissions also meet national emission standards. The relevant production data comparison is as follows:
[0048]
[0049] After implementing the solution of this utility model, the team with the most outstanding energy-saving effect reduced the average daily gas consumption per steamer from 28.4m³ to 18.3m³, a reduction of 10.1m³, achieving an energy-saving effect of 35.6%, realizing the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction, and also saving gas costs.
[0050] Furthermore, this utility model also conducted comparative tests on the above-mentioned preferred embodiment and the bottom pot using a "multiple vertical heating tubes + horizontal combustion rod" heating method (hereinafter referred to as Comparative Example 2). Relevant production data are as follows:
[0051] .
Claims
1. A base pot for brewing baijiu (Chinese liquor), comprising a pot body (12) with a bottom (11), the interior of the pot body (12) being a volume space (13), the edge of the bottom (11) being connected to a downwardly extending annular periphery (14), the annular periphery (14) and the bottom (11) forming a heating space (16) with a lower opening (15); the outer periphery of the annular periphery (14) is provided with an outer wall (19) that is sealed to the pot body (12), the bottom of the annular periphery (14) and the outer wall (19) are sealed to an annular bottom edge (110), the annular periphery (14) and the bottom (11) are sealed to each other, the annular periphery (14), the outer wall (19) and the annular bottom edge (110) form a sandwich space (113), the sandwich space (113) is connected to the volume space (13) of the pot body (12); characterized in that, Multiple heat exchange tubes (111) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular periphery (14). The heat exchange tubes (111) are arranged at intervals along the left and right directions. The two ends of each heat exchange tube (111) are respectively connected to the front and rear areas of the interlayer space (113).
2. The base pot for brewing baijiu as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each heat exchange tube (111) is arranged with its axis extending obliquely in the front-to-back direction. The heat exchange tube (111) is composed of a first heat exchange tube and a second heat exchange tube arranged in an alternating manner. The front end of the first heat exchange tube is lower than the rear end, and the front end of the second heat exchange tube is higher than the rear end. The front end of the second heat exchange tube is at the same height as the rear end of the first heat exchange tube, and the rear end of the second heat exchange tube is at the same height as the front end of the first heat exchange tube. Multiple heat exchange tubes (111) are evenly spaced in the left-to-right direction. The interlayer space (113) and the volume space (13) of the pot body (12) are connected through an annular cavity.
3. The bottom pot for brewing baijiu as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The angle between the axis of the heat exchange tube (111) and the horizontal plane is 5° to 15°.
4. The bottom pot for brewing baijiu as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the periphery of the annular ring (14) and the bottom of the pot (11) is an acute angle.
5. The baijiu brewing pot as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, A drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the interlayer space (113), and a steam inlet pipe (112) is connected to the bottom of the pot body (12) near the bottom of the pot (11); an exhaust pipe (18) is fixedly provided on the outer wall (19) and the annular periphery (14), and the exhaust pipe (18) connects the heating space (16) and the outer space of the outer wall (19); a flame observation pipe (114) is fixedly provided on the outer wall (19) and the annular periphery (14), and a flame detector is provided inside the flame observation pipe (114).
6. A direct-fired distillation apparatus for producing baijiu (Chinese liquor), comprising a bottom pot (1) and a burner (3), wherein the burner (3) is used to heat the bottom pot (1), and the bottom pot (1) is fixedly installed on the equipment foundation; characterized in that, The bottom pot (1) is a baijiu brewing bottom pot as described in any one of claims 1 to 4. The equipment foundation includes a support base (81). The top surface of the support base (81) is used to support and fix the annular bottom edge (110) of the bottom pot (1). The lower opening of the heating space (16) of the bottom pot (1) is equipped with a reflector plate (2). The reflector plate (2) is used to reflect the radiant heat at the reflector plate (2) back to the bottom of the pot (11). The reflector plate (2) is an inverted conical integral structure and is coaxially arranged with the annular periphery (14) of the bottom pot (1). The outer peripheral edge of the reflector plate (2) forms a closed connection with the lower end of the inner peripheral surface of the annular periphery (14) of the bottom pot (1). (2) has a mounting hole at its center and a burner (3) is fixedly installed in the mounting hole. The burner (3) includes a burner housing (31). The burner housing (31) has a mixed gas chamber (32) and several nozzles (33) facing the bottom (11) of the pot (1). The burner housing (31) is provided with a gas input pipe (34) and an air input pipe (35) communicating with the mixed gas chamber (32). The burner housing (31) is equipped with an ignition mechanism (39) for igniting the gas and air mixture ejected from the nozzles (33). One end of the burner housing (31) with the nozzles (33) extends out of the upper end face of the mounting hole of the reflector plate (2).
7. The direct-fired distillation apparatus for liquor production as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The top surface of the support base (81) is fixedly provided with a flue wall (85) on the outer periphery of the outer wall (19) of the bottom pot (1). The outer wall (19) of the bottom pot (1), the flue wall (85) and the top surface of the support base (81) are combined to form a closed annular flue (7). The annular flue (7) has a sealing block (71) inside. The sealing block (71) completely seals the radial flow section of the annular flue (7). The annular flue (7) has a flue gas inlet on one side of the sealing block (71) and a flue gas outlet on the other side of the sealing block (71). The flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet of the annular flue (7) are both located near the sealing block (71). The flue gas inlet is located on the outer wall (19) of the bottom pot (1) and is connected to the heating space (16) of the bottom pot (1) through the exhaust pipe (18). The flue gas outlet is located on the flue wall (85) and is connected to the workshop flue (9).
8. The direct-fired distillation apparatus for liquor production as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A refractory brick masonry layer (82), an insulation board layer (83), and a reinforced concrete slab layer (84) are stacked sequentially on the lower surface of the reflector plate (2). The lower surface of the reflector plate (2) is in contact with the refractory brick masonry layer (82), and the reinforced concrete slab layer (84) and the support base (81) are an integral structure. A burner installation pipe (87) is pre-embedded and fixed in the reinforced concrete slab layer (84). The burner installation pipe (87) extends vertically downward from the lower surface of the reinforced concrete slab layer (84). The lower end of the burner installation pipe (87) has a first connecting flange, and the outer surface of the burner shell (31) has a second connecting flange. A sealing gasket is provided between the first connecting flange and the second connecting flange, and they are fixed by bolts. The flue wall (85) is pre-installed with a heat insulation layer (86) arranged around the outer periphery of the annular flue (7). The heat insulation layer (86) includes a vertical section and a horizontal section of the heat insulation layer fixed as one unit. The horizontal section of the heat insulation layer is located at the top of the vertical section of the heat insulation layer and extends towards the bottom pot (1).
9. The direct-fired distillation apparatus for liquor production as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It includes a still (5) and a condenser (6). The still (5) is fixedly placed on the top of the bottom pot (1). The top of the still (5) is connected to the inlet of the condenser in the condenser (6) through a vapor delivery pipe (51). The condenser (6) has a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe. The bottom of the pot body (12) is connected to a steam inlet pipe (112) near the bottom of the pot (11). A flue heat exchanger (4) is installed inside the workshop flue (9) near the flue gas outlet of the annular flue (7). The flue heat exchanger (4) has a water vapor pipeline and a flue gas discharge pipeline that can exchange heat with each other. The water vapor pipeline has a water inlet end and a steam outlet end. The inlet of the flue gas discharge pipeline of the flue heat exchanger (4) is connected to the end of the workshop flue (9) near the flue gas outlet of the annular flue (7), and the outlet of the flue gas discharge pipeline is connected to the end of the workshop flue (9) away from the flue gas outlet of the annular flue (7). The water inlet end of the flue heat exchanger (4) is connected to the cooling water outlet pipe of the condensing device (6), and the steam outlet end is connected to the inlet end of the steam inlet pipe (112) of the bottom pot (1).
10. The direct-fired distillation apparatus for liquor production as described in any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, The burner (3) includes a fan (38), and the burner housing (31) includes a cylindrical body with its axis arranged vertically. The lower end of the cylindrical body is an air inlet, and the upper end is an air outlet. A burner head (36) is fixedly installed inside the air outlet of the burner housing (31). The area between the air inlet of the burner housing (31) and the input end of the burner head (36) constitutes a mixed gas chamber (32). An air input pipe (35) is connected to the outlet end of the fan (38), and the outlet end of the air input pipe (35) is connected to the air inlet of the burner housing (31). The output end of the gas input pipe (34) is coaxially arranged with the air inlet of the burner housing (31). Extending into the mixed gas chamber (32), the output end of the gas input pipe (34) is provided with a micro-channel rectifier (37), and the gas input pipe (34) is provided with a regulating valve for adjusting the gas flow rate; the burner head (36) includes a main frame and at least one flame stabilizing isolation strip. The flame stabilizing isolation strip divides the interior of the main frame into at least two ventilation areas along the gas channel direction. Each ventilation area is provided with several partitioning mechanisms. The partitioning mechanisms divide the ventilation area into several nozzles (33). The nozzles (33) are used to pass through the mixture of gas and air and enhance the mixing effect. The flame stabilizing isolation strip can separate the combustion flame on the combustion surface of the main frame into independent flames.