Buffered bleeder plug

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of buffer formula bleeder plugs, including cavity assembly, oil mist capture structure and breather plug, cavity assembly includes metal cavity and cavity cover, the top end of metal cavity is threadedly connected with cavity cover, the bottom end of metal cavity is connected working chamber, there is through-hole in cavity cover center processing, annular interface is fixed in cavity cover bottom surface through-hole outer circle, breather plug is installed on cavity cover and is through with through-hole, oil mist capture structure is located at the place of large diameter section in metal cavity, oil mist capture structure is circular groove shape, bottom is blind plate, groove wall is bionic filter screen, the upper end of bionic filter screen is connected on the annular interface of cavity cover, bionic filter screen adopts the structure of bionic "bath beetle".The utility model realizes oil drop automatic backflow, prevents oil liquid exudation caused by filter screen blockage, keeps equipment clean, satisfies environmental protection requirement;It has both oil-collecting property and small surface tension, oil drop condenses and flows out as soon as possible to avoid blocking mesh, improve production efficiency and product service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vent plug technology, specifically to a buffer vent plug used in all components equipped with oil bath lubrication bearings, such as rotary power pumps, hydraulic turbines, and diesel engines, to maintain the internal pressure of the working chamber in balance with atmospheric pressure and prevent liquid droplet leakage. Background Technology

[0002] All equipment equipped with oil-bath lubricated bearings, such as power pumps, hydraulic turbines, and diesel engines, experiences high temperatures due to ball friction and drag during high-speed operation, causing the oil to heat up. Simultaneously, the high-speed rotation of the balls impacts the oil, generating a large amount of oil mist and droplets. At this time, the air inside the bearing components expands due to the increased temperature, creating a positive pressure higher than atmospheric pressure. This can lead to oil seal leakage, oil cup backflow, and other conditions detrimental to bearing operation. Therefore, a pressure balancing device is needed to maintain the balance of air pressure inside and outside the bearing components.

[0003] The most common configuration currently is the vent plug. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the vent plug, also known as a vent plug / cap, exhaust plug / cap, or breather plug / cap, is a threaded connector with a filter screen and a water-blocking cap, featuring a simple structure. Traditional vent plugs suffer from a trade-off between filter clogging and oil droplet leakage, making it difficult to balance permeability and sealing. If the filter mesh is small, the filtration and condensation effect on oil droplets is poor, failing to prevent leakage and causing oil droplets to condense near the vent and water-blocking cap, resulting in leakage. If the filter mesh is large, the ventilation effect is poor, and the condensed oil droplets easily clog the filter, leading to excessive internal pressure. Liquid oil inside the chamber may leak from the oil seal, and the liquid oil clogged at the filter screen will form new oil droplets with the pressurized gas, requiring frequent cleaning and negatively impacting the equipment's appearance and environmental impact. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a buffer-type vent plug that adopts a biomimetic graded filtration structure to solve the contradiction between oil mist escape and filter clogging in existing vent plugs, and to achieve automatic oil droplet return and balance the internal and external air pressure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a buffer-type vent plug, comprising a cavity assembly, an oil mist capturing structure, and a vent plug. The cavity assembly includes a metal cavity and a cavity cover. The top end of the metal cavity is threadedly connected to the cavity cover. A sealing gasket is installed between the metal cavity and the cavity cover. The bottom end of the metal cavity is connected to a working chamber. The internal cavity of the metal cavity consists of a small-diameter section, a sloped transition section, and a large-diameter section from bottom to top. A through hole is machined in the center of the cavity cover. An annular interface is fixed at the outer circumference of the through hole on the bottom surface of the cavity cover. The vent plug is installed on the cavity cover and communicates with the through hole. The oil mist capturing structure is located in the large-diameter section of the metal cavity. The oil mist capturing structure is a circular groove with a blind plate at the bottom and a biomimetic filter screen on the groove wall. The upper end of the biomimetic filter screen is connected to the annular interface of the cavity cover. The biomimetic filter screen adopts a biomimetic "bathing beetle" structure and is made of stainless steel or aluminum wires stacked together at an overlap angle of 30°. This causes the stress at the lower end of the oil film to be concentrated at the sharp angle due to gravity, making it easier to break the oil film and collect the lubricating oil droplets. The surface of the biomimetic filter screen is rough, which can increase the contact surface area and adsorb and collect oil droplets in the oil vapor.

[0006] Further optimization involves a low-roughness mirror structure with an oleophobic coating applied to the lower surface, mimicking the hydrophobic structure of a "bathing beetle." When oil droplets come into contact with the coating, they quickly slide off due to gravity, achieving a "adsorption-migration-self-cleaning" cycle.

[0007] Further optimization involves increasing the diameter ratio of the large-diameter section to the small-diameter section to 1.5, thereby increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity to act as a buffer. This causes a sudden decrease in the flow rate of oil and gas at the same passing speed. Simultaneously, the cavity is made of metal with good thermal conductivity. After the external air dissipates heat, there is a temperature difference between the external air and the oil and gas, which will cause the vaporized oil mist to condense on the cavity wall of the large-diameter section, thus improving the condensation efficiency.

[0008] Further optimization involves a biomimetic filter screen with a pore size of 0.2~0.3mm. The pore size takes into account the capillary balance of the lubricating oil, based on the formula... Confirmed, among which:

[0009] γ — Surface tension of lubricating oil (N / m);

[0010] ρ—Density of lubricating oil (kg / m³);

[0011] θ — Angle with the liquid surface;

[0012] g — acceleration due to gravity;

[0013] r – the radius of the lubricating oil (mm).

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. All working chambers such as bearing chambers and sprinkler chambers with high pressure containing liquid droplets are collected by the oil mist capture structure. After collection by the oil mist capture structure, more than 95% of the oil droplets in the air can be removed. The clean air is discharged into the atmosphere through the vent plug to maintain the pressure balance inside and outside the bearing components.

[0016] 2. Enables automatic oil droplet return, preventing oil leakage caused by filter clogging, keeping equipment clean and meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0017] 3. By using a specific mesh density and selecting specific materials, the material is both oleophilic to collect oil mist and has low surface tension, allowing oil droplets to flow out quickly after condensation to avoid clogging the mesh, thereby improving production efficiency and product lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a buffer-type vent plug structure.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of gaseous oil droplet recovery.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of large oil droplet recovery.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a typical vent plug.

[0022] The markings in the diagram are: 1-vent plug, 2-O-ring seal, 3-cavity cover, 4-sealing gasket, 5-bionic filter, 6-blind plate, 7-cavity, 301-ring interface, 701-large diameter section, 702-sloping transition section, 703-small diameter section. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a buffer-type vent plug, including a cavity assembly, an oil mist capturing structure, and a vent plug 1. The cavity assembly includes a metal cavity 7 and a cavity cover 3. The top end of the metal cavity 7 is threadedly connected to the cavity cover 3. A sealing gasket 4 is installed between the metal cavity 7 and the cavity cover 3. The bottom end of the metal cavity 7 is connected to the working chamber. Figure 2As shown, the internal cavity of the metal cavity 7 consists of a small-diameter section 703, a sloped transition section 702, and a large-diameter section 701 from bottom to top. The diameter ratio of the large-diameter section 701 to the small-diameter section 703 is greater than 1.5, which increases the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity flow and acts as a buffer, causing the flow velocity of oil and gas to suddenly decrease at the same flow speed. At the same time, combined with the fact that the cavity is made of metal and has good thermal conductivity, the temperature difference between the external air and the oil and gas after heat dissipation will cause the vaporized oil mist to condense on the cavity wall of the large-diameter section, improving the condensation efficiency. The cavity cover 3 has a through hole machined in the center, and an annular interface 301 is fixed on the outer circumference of the through hole on the bottom surface of the cavity cover 3. The vent plug 1 is installed on the cavity cover 3 and communicates with the through hole. An O-ring seal 3 is installed between the vent plug 1 and the cavity cover 3 for sealing. The oil mist capturing structure is located in the large-diameter section inside the metal cavity 7. The oil mist capturing structure is a circular groove with a blind plate 6 at the bottom and a biomimetic filter 5 on the groove wall. The upper end of the biomimetic filter 5 is connected to the annular interface 301 of the cavity cover 3. The biomimetic filter 5 adopts a biomimetic "bathing beetle" structure, constructed from overlapping stainless steel or aluminum wires at a 30° angle. This causes stress to concentrate at the sharp angle due to gravity at the lower end of the oil film, making it easier to break the oil film and allowing collected lubricating oil droplets to fall off. The rough surface of the biomimetic filter 5 increases the contact surface area, absorbing and collecting oil droplets from the oil mist. Figure 3 As shown, the blind plate 6 has a mirror structure with low roughness and an oleophobic coating on the lower surface of the blind plate 6. It has a hydrophobic structure that mimics the "bathing beetle". When oil droplets come into contact with it, they quickly slide off due to gravity, realizing the "adsorption-migration-self-cleaning" cycle.

[0025] Because the lubricating oil has a high viscosity, the mesh diameter of the bionic filter 5 is designed with the capillary balance of commonly used VG46 lubricating oil in mind, to prevent condensed oil droplets from clogging the mesh. This is based on the formula... Determine the aperture, where:

[0026] γ — Surface tension of lubricating oil (N / m);

[0027] ρ—Density of lubricating oil (kg / m³);

[0028] θ — Angle with the liquid surface;

[0029] g — acceleration due to gravity;

[0030] r – the radius of the lubricating oil (mm).

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, when air containing oil droplets is injected into the cavity and then into the blind plate 6 at the lower end of the oil mist capture structure, the oil droplets with larger diameters and lower speeds will condense upon impact with the blind plate 6 and drip back into the cavity for recycling.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, other oil-containing gases, after being deflected by the blind flange 6, will continue to move upward along the metal cavity 7. Due to the sudden increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the metal cavity 7, which acts as a buffer, the flow velocity of the oil and gas at the same speed suddenly decreases. At the same time, the metal cavity 7 has good thermal conductivity, and after the external air dissipates heat, there is a temperature difference between it and the oil and gas. The oil mist that condenses and vaporizes on the cavity wall of the large-diameter section 701 of the metal cavity 7 will flow back to the working chamber along the cavity wall.

[0033] The remaining oil and gas will pass through the biomimetic filter 5, which is a biomimetic "bathing beetle". Similar to the principle of "fog trap", it uses a calculated mesh density and selects specific materials such as 304 stainless steel or aluminum with high roughness value. These materials can be wetted by lubricating oil, and the high roughness can increase the contact surface area to adsorb and collect oil droplets in the oil and gas. It has both oleophilicity to collect oil mist and low surface tension, so that the oil droplets will flow out as soon as they condense to avoid clogging the mesh.

[0034] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A buffer-type vent plug, characterized in that: The device includes a cavity assembly, an oil mist capturing structure, and a vent plug. The cavity assembly comprises a metal cavity and a cavity cover. The top of the metal cavity is threadedly connected to the cavity cover, and the bottom of the metal cavity is connected to the working chamber. The internal cavity of the metal cavity consists of a small-diameter section, a sloped transition section, and a large-diameter section from bottom to top. A through hole is machined in the center of the cavity cover, and an annular interface is fixed on the outer circumference of the through hole on the bottom surface of the cavity cover. The vent plug is installed on the cavity cover and communicates with the through hole. The oil mist capturing structure is located in the large-diameter section of the metal cavity. The oil mist capturing structure is a circular groove with a blind plate at the bottom and a biomimetic filter screen on the groove wall. The upper end of the biomimetic filter screen is connected to the annular interface of the cavity cover. The biomimetic filter screen adopts a biomimetic "bathing beetle" structure and is constructed of stainless steel or aluminum wires stacked together at an overlap angle of 30°. The surface of the biomimetic filter screen is rough.

2. The buffer-type vent plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blind plate has a low-roughness mirror structure and an oleophobic coating on its lower surface. It mimics the hydrophobic structure of a "bathing beetle," causing oil droplets to slide off quickly due to gravity upon contact.

3. The buffer-type vent plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter ratio of the large-diameter segment to the small-diameter segment is greater than 1.

5.

4. The buffer-type vent plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomimetic filter has a pore size of 0.2~0.3mm.

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