A pressure reducing valve using a multi-layer sleeve structure
By using a multi-layer sleeve structure and a three-stage pressure reducing chamber and flow guide groove design, the cavitation problem of high-pressure reducing valves is solved, achieving long service life, low noise and high-precision flow regulation, and reducing maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHEJIANG OFILM PETROLEUM EQUIP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-07
AI Technical Summary
High-pressure regulating valves in thermal power plants and petrochemical industries often fail due to cavitation, resulting in valve scrapping. Existing technologies are unable to effectively solve the cavitation problem.
The pressure reducing valve, which adopts a multi-layer sleeve structure, consumes fluid energy step by step through the staggered distribution of three-stage pressure reducing chambers and guide grooves and the tapered design, combined with the synergistic energy dissipation mechanism of the annular cavity, suppressing the generation of cavitation bubbles, and achieving precise flow regulation through dynamic sealing and flow path switching.
It effectively inhibits cavitation corrosion, extends the life of valve core components by more than three times, reduces fluid whistling and vibration, improves flow regulation accuracy, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224469704U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a pressure reducing valve with a multi-layer sleeve structure. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, fluid pressure in industries such as thermal power plants and petrochemicals has been trending towards higher pressure drops. When fluid passes through a regulating valve, the pressure drops below the saturated vapor pressure, forming numerous tiny bubbles (a process called flash evaporation). Then, as the pressure rises above the saturated vapor pressure, these tiny bubbles in the liquid burst (a process called cavitation). All the energy is concentrated at the burst point, generating a tremendous impact force that causes the regulating valve to fail, ultimately rendering it unusable. This necessitates high-pressure drop regulating valves in pipelines of thermal power plants, petrochemical plants, and other industrial sectors. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a pressure reducing valve employing a multi-layer sleeve structure, effectively solving the issues mentioned in the background art.
[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is:
[0005] A pressure-reducing valve employing a multi-layer sleeve structure includes a valve body, a valve cover, and a valve stem. The valve body has a valve seat, a sleeve, and a valve core within its inner cavity. The top end of the valve core is fixedly connected to the valve stem. The lower part of the sleeve has a flow-guiding structure connecting the inside and outside of the sleeve. The valve body has a first flow channel outside the sleeve. The lower part of the valve core has a flow-guiding hole connecting the inside and outside of the valve core. The valve body has a second flow channel communicating with the inside of the valve core. The flow-guiding structure includes a flow-guiding ring integrally formed with the sleeve. An installation groove is formed on the outer side of the flow-guiding ring. An inner valve cage and an outer valve cage are sequentially arranged in the installation groove from the inside out. The flow-guiding ring, the inner valve cage, and the outer valve cage all have multiple flow-guiding grooves radially. An annular cavity is formed on the inner side of both the inner and outer valve cages.
[0006] Preferably, the radial projections of the guide grooves are staggered.
[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the guide groove gradually decreases from the outside to the center.
[0008] Preferably, a sealing ring is provided between the top outer side of the valve core and the sleeve.
[0009] Preferably, when the valve core moves upward to the top, the guide grooves and guide holes on the guide ring are fully connected; when the valve core moves downward to the bottom, the guide grooves on the guide ring are not connected to the guide holes at the bottom of the valve core.
[0010] Preferably, the radial angle between the central axes of adjacent guide channels is 15-45°.
[0011] Preferably, the taper angle of the guide groove is 5-8°.
[0012] Preferably, the sum of the depths of all the annular cavities is 40%-60% of the sleeve wall thickness.
[0013] The innovative points of this utility model are as follows:
[0014] 1. Three-stage decompression chamber structure:
[0015] Creatively, a flow guide ring is integrated into the lower part of the sleeve, and an inner valve cage and an outer valve cage are nested from the inside to the outside in its mounting groove to form a three-stage series pressure reducing unit;
[0016] Each layer (guide ring, inner / outer valve cage) has multiple sets of guide grooves opened radially, and the radial projection is staggered, which forces the fluid to change direction and velocity multiple times when flowing through it, and consumes energy step by step.
[0017] 2. Geometric optimization design of the guide channel:
[0018] Tapered orifice diameter: The orifice diameter of the guide channel is designed to gradually decrease from the outside to the center (taper angle 5°-8°), forming a Venturi effect, gradually reducing the fluid pressure rather than releasing it instantaneously, and suppressing the generation of cavitation bubbles;
[0019] Directional staggered layout: The central axes of adjacent guide channels maintain a radial angle of 15°-45°, so that the fluid collisions within the multi-layer structure cancel out kinetic energy and reduce local high-speed impacts caused by direct flow;
[0020] 3. The coordinated energy dissipation mechanism of the annular cavity:
[0021] Annular cavities are opened inside the inner and outer valve cages, and the sum of the depths of all annular cavities is strictly controlled to be 40%-60% of the sleeve wall thickness;
[0022] This design allows the fluid to enter the annular cavity after passing through the guide groove, forming a low-pressure vortex zone that promotes bubble collapse and avoids direct cavitation of the valve core / seat.
[0023] 4. Dynamic sealing and flow path switching:
[0024] A sealing ring is installed between the top of the valve core and the sleeve to ensure no internal leakage under high pressure conditions;
[0025] The valve stem drives the valve core to move, precisely controlling the on / off relationship between the guide groove and the guide hole:
[0026] When fully open: the guide channel and the guide hole are completely connected to achieve maximum flow rate;
[0027] When fully closed: the guide channel and the guide hole are completely isolated, cutting off the fluid.
[0028] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0029] 1. Thoroughly suppress cavitation corrosion:
[0030] The fluid undergoes a gradual pressure reduction through a three-stage guide channel, ensuring that the pressure remains higher than the saturated vapor pressure to prevent flash evaporation and the generation of bubbles.
[0031] The annular cavity provides a space for controlled bubble collapse, keeping the impact energy away from the valve core and valve seat surface, extending the life of core components by more than 3 times;
[0032] 2. Noise reduction and vibration control:
[0033] The staggered guide channel design converts fluid kinetic energy into multi-directional turbulence, reducing flow velocity by 30%-40% and significantly reducing fluid whistling and valve vibration.
[0034] 3. Precise flow rate adjustment;
[0035] The tapered guide groove combined with valve core displacement control achieves linear flow characteristics with an adjustment accuracy of ±2.5%, meeting the stringent requirements of power generation / petrochemical processes.
[0036] 4. Optimize maintenance costs:
[0037] The sleeve and valve cage adopt a modular design, which can be disassembled and replaced separately within the valve body, reducing maintenance time by 50%.
[0038] The valve core and sealing ring isolate the high pressure differential area, reducing the wear rate of the sealing surface.
[0039] This invention fundamentally solves the cavitation problem of high-pressure reducing valves through a physical pressure-reducing structure consisting of an outer valve cage, an inner valve cage, and a flow guide ring, along with a geometrically optimized flow guide system. Its technical value lies in transforming the single-stage pressure reduction of traditional valves into multi-stage controllable energy dissipation, while also considering adjustment accuracy and lifespan, providing a reliable solution for high-parameter industrial systems. Attached Figure Description
[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A;
[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part B;
[0043] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the valve core, sleeve, and valve seat.
[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressure reducing valve when it is fully closed.
[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressure reducing valve when it is fully open. Detailed Implementation
[0046] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.
[0047] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0048] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0049] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined.
[0050] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0052] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0053] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a pressure reducing valve with a multi-layer sleeve structure includes a valve body 1, a valve cover 2, and a valve stem 3. The valve body 1 has a valve seat 4, a sleeve 5, and a valve core 6 in its inner cavity. The top end of the valve core 6 is fixedly connected to the valve stem 3. The lower part of the sleeve 5 has a flow guiding structure that connects the inside and outside of the sleeve 5. The valve body 1 has a first flow channel 7 on the outside of the sleeve 5. The lower part of the valve core 6 has a flow guiding hole 8 that connects the inside and outside of the valve core 6. The valve body 1 has a second flow channel 9 that communicates with the inside of the valve core 6. The flow guiding structure includes a flow guiding ring 51 integrally formed with the sleeve 5. The outer side of the flow guiding ring 51 forms an installation groove 52. The installation groove 52 has an inner valve cage 53 and an outer valve cage 54 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The flow guiding ring 51, the inner valve cage 53, and the outer valve cage 54 all have multiple flow guiding grooves 55 radially. The inner side of the inner valve cage 53 and the outer valve cage 54 both have an annular cavity 56.
[0054] The radial projections of the guide grooves 55 are staggered.
[0055] The diameter of the guide groove 55 gradually decreases from the outside towards the axis.
[0056] A sealing ring 10 is provided between the top outer side of the valve core 6 and the sleeve 5.
[0057] When the valve core 6 moves upward to the top, the guide groove 55 on the guide ring 51 is fully connected to the guide hole 8. When the valve core 6 moves downward to the bottom, the guide groove 55 on the guide ring 51 is not connected to the guide hole 8 at the bottom of the valve core 6.
[0058] The radial angle between the central axes of adjacent guide channels 55 is 15-45°.
[0059] The taper angle of the guide groove 55 is 5-8°.
[0060] The sum of the depths of all the annular cavities 56 is 40%-60% of the wall thickness of the sleeve 5.
[0061] I. Fluid Path and Staged Pressure Reduction Process:
[0062] Step 1: Fluid inflow:
[0063] High-pressure fluid inlet: High-pressure fluid enters from the first flow channel 7 of valve body 1;
[0064] Step 2: Multi-layer sleeve coordinated energy dissipation:
[0065] First-stage pressure reduction in the outer valve cage: After the fluid enters the guide groove 55 of the outer valve cage 54, it enters the annular cavity 56 inside the outer valve cage.
[0066] Second stage of pressure reduction in the inner valve cage: The fluid impacts the guide groove 55 of the inner valve cage 53 and enters the annular cavity 56 inside the inner valve cage.
[0067] The third stage of the guide ring reduces pressure: the fluid impacts the guide groove 55 of the guide ring 51 and enters the inner side of the guide ring 51;
[0068] During the blood pressure reduction process:
[0069] When the pressure drops to near the saturated vapor pressure, the generated microbubbles enter the annular cavity with the fluid:
[0070] Because the cavity depth is 40%-60% of the sleeve wall thickness, it provides sufficient buffer space;
[0071] The bubbles collapse in non-critical areas within the annular cavity, and the impact energy is absorbed by the cavity wall, preventing corrosion of the valve core 6 or valve seat 4.
[0072] When fluid passes through the conical guide channel 55 (the orifice diameter gradually decreases from the outside to the inside), the flow velocity increases and the pressure decreases due to the reduction in the cross-sectional area of the flow channel (Bernoulli effect), thus achieving pressure reduction.
[0073] Step 4: Fluid output:
[0074] After being depressurized in three stages, the fluid flows from the bottom of the sleeve 5 into the guide hole 8 at the bottom of the valve core 6, enters the interior of the valve core 6, and finally flows out from the second flow channel 9.
[0075] II. Opening Adjustment and Dynamic Control:
[0076] Fully open (valve core moved to the top), such as Figure 6 As shown: All guide channels are aligned with the guide holes, minimizing flow resistance and maximizing flow rate;
[0077] Adjustment state (valve core centered): Part of the flow guide groove is blocked by the valve core, and the flow rate is linearly controlled by the blocking area;
[0078] Fully closed (valve core moved to the bottom), such as Figure 5 As shown: the flow channel and the flow hole are completely misaligned, the flow path is cut off, and a seal is achieved.
[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are merely specific embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments and can have many variations. All variations that can be directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of this utility model should be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A pressure reducing valve employing a multi-layer sleeve structure, characterized in that, The valve includes a valve body (1), a valve cover (2), and a valve stem (3). The valve body (1) has a valve seat (4), a sleeve (5), and a valve core (6) inside its cavity. The top of the valve core (6) is fixedly connected to the valve stem (3). The lower part of the sleeve (5) has a flow guiding structure connecting the inside and outside of the sleeve (5). The valve body (1) has a first flow channel (7) outside the sleeve (5). The lower part of the valve core (6) has a flow guiding hole (8) connecting the inside and outside of the valve core (6). The valve body (1) has a connection to the valve core (6). The internally connected second flow channel (9) includes a flow guide structure comprising a flow guide ring (51) integrally formed with the sleeve (5). An installation groove (52) is formed on the outer side of the flow guide ring (51). An inner valve cage (53) and an outer valve cage (54) are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside of the installation groove (52). The flow guide ring (51), the inner valve cage (53) and the outer valve cage (54) are all provided with multiple flow guide grooves (55) in the radial direction. An annular cavity (56) is provided on the inner side of the inner valve cage (53) and the outer valve cage (54).
2. The pressure reducing valve with a multi-layer sleeve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial projections of the guide grooves (55) are staggered.
3. A pressure reducing valve employing a multi-layer sleeve structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the guide groove (55) gradually decreases from the outside to the center.
4. A pressure reducing valve with a multi-layer sleeve structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A sealing ring (10) is provided between the top outer side of the valve core (6) and the sleeve (5).
5. A pressure reducing valve with a multi-layer sleeve structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the valve core (6) moves upward to the top, the guide groove (55) on the guide ring (51) is fully connected to the guide hole (8). When the valve core (6) moves downward to the bottom, the guide groove (55) on the guide ring (51) is not connected to the guide hole (8) at the bottom of the valve core (6).
6. A pressure reducing valve with a multi-layer sleeve structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The radial angle between the central axes of the adjacent guide channels (55) is 15-45°.
7. A pressure reducing valve employing a multi-layer sleeve structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The taper angle of the guide groove (55) is 5-8°.
8. A pressure reducing valve employing a multi-layer sleeve structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sum of the depths of all the annular cavities (56) is 40%-60% of the wall thickness of the sleeve (5).