Oil and gas heating pipeline and oil and gas heating device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of petroleum natural gas heating pipeline and petroleum natural gas heating device, the heating device includes heating pipeline, the heating pipeline has import, export and the pipe line for passing petroleum or natural gas between import and export extension, partial or whole outer surface of the heating pipeline is formed with heating structure by silk screen printing or transfer printing.Further, heating structure includes first insulating layer, heating element layer and second insulating layer sequentially silk screen printing or transfer printing from pipe wall outer surface.The utility model directly prints heating structure on the outer side of heating pipeline pipe wall by silk screen printing or transfer printing mode, can make the heat generated by heating structure quickly conduct to the petroleum or natural gas inside heating pipeline, to realize the efficient heating of petroleum or natural gas in pipeline, and can prolong the service life of heating structure.Heating structure is arranged on the outside of pipeline, and circuit control and overhaul are both convenient and safe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model specifically relates to an oil and gas heating pipeline and an oil and gas heating device. Background Technology

[0002] Heating is crucial in crude oil processing. Besides the conventional viscosity reduction to facilitate the transport of heavy oil, heating also plays a vital role in demulsification. Currently, crude oil heating commonly uses direct electric heating methods such as ceramic PTC or resistance wire heating elements as the core heating element, employing heat transfer oil or insulators such as glass or ceramics as the heat transfer medium for indirect heating. However, indirect heating suffers from insufficient heat transfer efficiency, resulting in limited energy utilization. Furthermore, the lower heat transfer efficiency leads to consistently high operating temperatures for the heating element, significantly shortening its lifespan.

[0003] Patent CN2861852Y discloses an oil heater, which involves printing a thick-film electronic paste onto an SU316 / 430 steel plate, sintering it at high temperature to form a thick-film stainless steel heater, and then sealing the thick-film stainless steel heater in a closed cavity to form an oil heater. However, this heater needs to be immersed in oil to heat it, which may hinder the flow of crude oil and make subsequent maintenance such as inspection of the oil heater inconvenient. In addition, since the thick-film heating element is in direct contact with the oil, how to safely control the oil heater using electrical circuitry is also a challenge. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an improved fluid heating device for oil and gas pipelines. This heating device significantly improves heat exchange efficiency, greatly extends service life, and ensures safety.

[0005] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides the following solution:

[0006] An oil and gas heating pipeline is used to heat oil or natural gas in an oil or natural gas transportation pipeline, characterized in that: the heating pipeline has an inlet, an outlet, and a pipeline extending between the inlet and the outlet for passing oil or natural gas, and the heating pipeline has a heating structure formed by screen printing or transfer printing on part or all of its outer surface.

[0007] In some embodiments, the power density of the heating structure is 5-100 W / cm². 2 .

[0008] In some embodiments, the operating temperature of the heating structure is 30-800°C.

[0009] In some embodiments, the inlet and outlet of the heating pipe can be directly adapted to oil or natural gas transmission pipelines. That is, the heating pipe can be directly connected to or installed on oil or natural gas transmission pipelines, thereby achieving direct heating of oil or natural gas.

[0010] In some embodiments, the heating conduit includes a vertically arranged parallel serpentine conduit, the serpentine conduit including an upward section and a downward section, the upward section being a conduit portion in which oil or natural gas flows from bottom to top, and the downward section being a conduit portion in which oil or natural gas flows from top to bottom, the heating structure being disposed on the outer side of the upward section.

[0011] In some embodiments, the heating pipe has 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more upward and downward sections, with the heating structure provided on the outer side of each of the multiple upward sections, and no heating structure provided on the outer side of each of the downward sections.

[0012] In some embodiments, the heating conduit includes a horizontally arranged parallel serpentine conduit, the serpentine conduit comprising parallel sections and connecting sections, the connecting sections being located between two adjacent parallel sections, and the heating structure being disposed on the outer side of the parallel sections. The heating structure is easier to implement on the parallel sections than on the connecting sections, and the heating effect is superior.

[0013] In some embodiments, the heating structure includes a first insulating layer, an electrode layer, a heating element layer, and a second insulating layer formed sequentially by screen printing or transfer from the outer surface of the tube wall, and an optional heat insulation layer disposed outside the second insulating layer. The heating element layer is a metal, metal oxide, conductive carbon black, graphite powder, graphene, or carbon nanotube.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first insulating layer is 50-150 μm. This very small thickness helps to shorten the distance between the heating element layer and the fluid inside the fluid pipe wall, thereby increasing heat exchange efficiency.

[0015] In some embodiments, the thickness of the heating element layer is 8-50 μm.

[0016] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second insulating layer is 50-150 μm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the heating pipe further includes a temperature sensor disposed on the second insulation layer. The temperature sensor facilitates control of the temperature and heating effect of the heating structure.

[0018] In some embodiments, the heating pipe includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe with at least one end located inside the outer pipe. The inlet is located at one end of the outer pipe, and the outlet is located at one end of the inner pipe. The pipeline includes a passage between the outer wall of the inner pipe and the inner wall of the outer pipe, and an internal passage of the inner pipe. The heating structure is provided on the outer side of the portion of the inner pipe located inside the outer pipe. There are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or more outer pipes and inner pipes, respectively. The multiple outer pipes and multiple inner pipes correspond one-to-one to form multiple heating pipe groups. The multiple heating pipe groups are arranged side by side, and adjacent heating pipe groups are integrally connected or connected by connecting pipes. The outer pipe and inner pipe in each heating pipe group are fixedly connected.

[0019] In some embodiments, the heating structure includes a first insulating layer, an electrode layer, a heating element layer, and a second insulating layer formed sequentially by screen printing or transfer from the outer surface of the inner tube wall, as well as a heat-conducting medium layer and a metal layer disposed outside the second insulating layer. The heating element layer is a metal, metal oxide, conductive carbon black, graphite powder, graphene, or carbon nanotube.

[0020] In some embodiments, the thickness of the heating element layer is 8-50 μm.

[0021] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second insulating layer is 50-150 μm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the heating pipe further includes a temperature sensor disposed on the second insulation layer. The temperature sensor facilitates control of the temperature and heating effect of the heating structure.

[0023] In some embodiments, there are multiple heating structures, which are spaced apart on part or all of the outer surface of the heating pipe.

[0024] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the heating pipe at the corresponding position of the heating structure is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

[0025] In some embodiments, the heating pipe with the heating structure on the outside is composed of multiple branch pipes that are fixedly and sealed together.

[0026] This utility model also provides an oil and gas heating device, which includes the aforementioned oil and gas heating pipeline, an inlet temperature sensor and an inlet pressure sensor located at the inlet, an outlet temperature sensor and an outlet pressure sensor located at the outlet, and an optional device located within the heating pipeline for changing the fluid flow path.

[0027] In some embodiments, the device for changing the fluid flow path is a static mixer or a protruding structure is provided on the pipeline to change the direction of fluid flow, thereby increasing the agitation of the fluid within the interface to achieve a more uniform heating effect.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0029] This invention involves printing the heating structure directly onto the outer wall of a heating pipe using screen printing or transfer printing. This allows the heat generated by the heating structure to be rapidly conducted to the oil or natural gas inside the pipe, thus achieving efficient heating of the oil or natural gas within the pipe. Secondly, because the heating structure is in near-direct contact with the oil or natural gas inside the pipe, the operating temperature of the heating element within the structure can be significantly reduced, thereby extending its service life. Furthermore, the heating structure's location on the outside of the pipe makes its circuit control and maintenance convenient and safe. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil and gas heating device of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of area A in the middle.

[0033] Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram (top view) of the oil and gas heating device of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Side view.

[0035] Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of the oil and gas heating device of this utility model.

[0036] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of area A in the middle.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the heating pipe.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the heating pipe of this utility model.

[0039] Figure 9This is another partial structural schematic diagram of the heating pipe of this utility model.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the inner tube structure of this utility model.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the inner tube and outer tube of this utility model.

[0042] Wherein: 1-Heating pipe, 2-Inlet, 3-Outlet, 4-Upward section, 5-Heating structure, 6-Downward section, 7-Pipe wall, 8-First insulation layer, 9-Heating element layer, 10-Second insulation layer, 11-Electrode, 12-Temperature sensor, 13-Insulation layer, 14-Outer pipe, 15-Inner pipe, 16-Connecting pipe, 17-Heat-conducting medium layer, 18-Metal layer, 19-Heating device, 20-Inlet temperature sensor, 21-Inlet pressure sensor, 22-Outlet temperature sensor, 23-Outlet pressure sensor, 25-PTFE coating, 26-Union, 27-Glander, 28-Junction box, 29-Sealing rubber, 30-Parallel section, 31-Connecting section.

[0043] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0044] In current technologies, crude oil heating typically uses direct electric heating methods such as ceramic PTC or resistance wire heating elements as the core heating element, and uses heat transfer oil or insulators such as glass or ceramics as the heat transfer medium for indirect heating. Indirect heating suffers from insufficient heat transfer efficiency, resulting in limited energy utilization. Furthermore, the low heat transfer efficiency leads to consistently high operating temperatures for the heating element, significantly shortening its lifespan. Devices that directly heat crude oil by immersion in it are inconvenient and unsafe in terms of circuit control and maintenance.

[0045] This invention involves printing a heating structure directly onto the outer wall of a fluid pipe using screen printing or transfer printing. This allows the heat generated by the heating structure to be rapidly conducted to the oil or natural gas inside the pipe, thus achieving efficient heating of the oil or natural gas within the pipe. Secondly, because the heating structure is in near-direct contact with the oil or natural gas inside the pipe, the operating temperature of the heating element within the structure can be significantly reduced, thereby extending its service life. Furthermore, the heating structure's location on the outside of the pipe makes its circuit control and maintenance convenient and safe.

[0046] This invention directly screen-prints or transfers heating structures onto the outer wall of crude oil or natural gas pipelines, enabling safe, efficient, long-lasting, and rapid heating of the crude oil or natural gas inside the pipeline. This avoids the low efficiency of existing indirect heating methods such as heat transfer oil or other heat exchangers. Furthermore, the inner wall of the pipeline in the heating zone can undergo a low-energy surface treatment to prevent scaling. The temperature of the heating element layer can also be controlled, avoiding energy waste. Since the substrate where the heating element is located is also the pipe wall of the fluid pipeline, and the heating element is on the outside of the pipe, the design of the control circuit, the explosion-proof design of the heating system, and future fault repair are all simplified.

[0047] This invention directly prints a first insulating layer, an electrode layer, and a heating element layer onto the outer side of the fluid pipe wall using screen printing or transfer printing. The first insulating layer has high thermal conductivity and a very thin thickness, allowing the heat generated by the heating element layer to be rapidly conducted to the pipe, thus achieving efficient heating of the fluid within the pipe. Secondly, because the heating element layer is in near-direct contact with the pipe, its operating temperature can be significantly reduced, thereby extending its service life. Furthermore, the heating element layer's location on the outside of the pipe makes its circuit control and maintenance convenient and safe.

[0048] The present invention can be further understood through the specific embodiments given below, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "outer side" and "inner side" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this utility model. For example, "outer side" refers to the side that is not in direct contact with the fluid, while "inner side" refers to the side that is in direct contact with the fluid.

[0050] It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] like Figure 1-11 As shown, this utility model provides an oil and gas heating pipeline 1 and an oil and gas heating device 19 comprising the oil and gas heating pipeline 1.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the oil and gas heating pipeline 1 of this invention, used for heating oil or natural gas in oil or natural gas transportation pipelines, has an inlet 2, an outlet 3, and a pipeline extending between the inlet 2 and the outlet 3 for the passage of oil or natural gas. A heating structure 5 is formed on part or all of the outer surface of the heating pipeline 1 by screen printing or transfer printing. The specific structure of the heating structure 5 is not subject to many restrictions, as long as it can achieve heating and is formed directly on the outer pipe wall 7 of the heating pipeline 1 by screen printing or transfer printing. Typically, the thickness of the structure obtained by screen printing or transfer printing is relatively small.

[0053] In actual oil and gas heating, the oil and gas are generally heated at the end or a certain part of the oil and gas pipeline. For example, an oil heating station can be set up when oil is pumped from an oil well to the surface, and the oil is heated by a heating device 19 before being transported out or transported by tanker truck. The oil and gas heating pipeline 1 of this utility model can be applied to this scenario to heat oil and gas. The oil and gas to be heated is directly connected from its transportation pipeline to the inlet 2 of the oil and gas heating pipeline 1 of this utility model. The oil and gas enter the heating pipeline 1 and flows in the pipeline, where it is heated in the area of ​​the heating pipeline 1 corresponding to the heating structure 5, and then leaves the heating pipeline 1 from the outlet 3 and returns to its transportation pipeline.

[0054] Furthermore, the inlet 2 and outlet 3 of the heating pipeline 1 can be directly adapted to the oil or natural gas transmission pipeline. That is, the pipe diameter of the inlet 2 and outlet 3 is equivalent to the pipe diameter of the oil or natural gas transmission pipeline. The two can be installed, fixed and sealed in a conventional manner so that the oil or natural gas to be heated can be smoothly switched from the transmission pipeline to the heating pipeline 1 and then returned to the transmission pipeline.

[0055] Furthermore, the power density of the heating structure 5 is 5-100 W / cm². 2 This high power density enables rapid heating of the heating structure 5, allowing for quick temperature increases in the oil or natural gas within the heating pipe 1, thus improving heating efficiency. The heating structure 5 can operate at temperatures ranging from 30 to 800°C, allowing for lower operating temperatures and extending its service life.

[0056] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the heating pipe 1 includes a vertically arranged parallel serpentine pipe, which comprises an upward section 4 and a downward section 6. The upward section 4 is the pipe portion in which oil or natural gas flows from bottom to top, and the downward section 6 is the pipe portion in which oil or natural gas flows from top to bottom. A heating structure 5 is installed on the outer side of the upward section 4. The heating pipe 1, including the upward section 4 and the downward section 6, allows for a reduction in the lateral length of the heating pipe 1 while maintaining the same pipe path, thus saving space for storing the heating pipe 1, etc. The flow rate of oil or natural gas in the upward section 4 is slower than that in the downward section 6, resulting in a more uniform heating effect when heating is performed in the upward section 4. The heating structure 5 may or may not be installed on the outer side of the downward section 6. Figure 1 As shown, the down section 6 is not equipped with a heating structure 5 to facilitate the buffering of oil or natural gas heating. It is not continuously heated in the entire heating pipe 1. The down section 6 is not heated, so there is room for temperature rise.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the heating pipe 1 is serpentine, with 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more upward sections 4 and downward sections 6 respectively. Heating structures 5 are provided on the outer sides of multiple upward sections 4, while no heating structures 5 are provided on the outer sides of the downward sections 6. Although Figure 1 The diagram shows two upward segments (4) and two downward segments (6). Figure 3 The diagram shows three upward segments 4 and three downward segments 6, but the number of upward segments 4 and downward segments 6 in the heating pipe 1 of this invention is not limited by... Figure 1 and Figure 3 The limitation can be two or more upward segments 4 and downward segments 6, depending on the amount of oil or natural gas to be heated.

[0058] In another embodiment, such as Figure 3-4 As shown, the heating pipeline includes horizontally arranged parallel serpentine pipes. The serpentine pipes consist of parallel sections and connecting sections. The connecting sections are located between two adjacent parallel sections, and heating structures are installed on the outer sides of the parallel sections. Connecting sections typically do not have heating structures. Compared to connecting sections, it is easier to implement heating structures on the parallel sections, and the heating effect is better. The connecting sections serve as a buffer for heating. That is, the serpentine pipes can be placed vertically or horizontally.

[0059] Figure 1 The specific enlarged structure of the heating structure 5 is as follows: Figure 2As shown, specifically, the heating structure 5 includes a first insulating layer 8, a heating element layer 9, and a second insulating layer 10 sequentially formed by screen printing or transfer on the outer surface of the pipe wall 7. The heating element layer 9 is made of metal, metal oxide, conductive carbon black, graphite powder, graphene, or carbon nanotubes. These heating element layers 9 can generate heat rapidly. By directly printing the first insulating layer 8, heating element layer 9, and second insulating layer 10 on the outer side of the pipe wall 7 through screen printing or transfer, the heat generated by the heating element layer 9 can be quickly conducted to the fluid inside the pipe wall 7. Therefore, the heat generated by the heating element layer 9 is quickly conducted to the pipe and its inner side, thereby achieving efficient and rapid heating of the fluid in the pipe. Furthermore, since the heating element layer 9 is in almost direct contact with the fluid inside the pipe, the operating temperature of the heating element layer 9 can be significantly reduced, thereby extending its service life. Figure 3 When the serpentine pipe is placed horizontally, the specific structure of its heating structure 5 is also as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the same structure as when the serpentine pipe is placed vertically in the first embodiment is used.

[0060] Furthermore, the material of the pipe wall 7 can be used for transporting oil or natural gas without special restrictions. Commonly used materials include stainless steel, carbon steel, low-alloy steel, or corrosion-resistant alloys. The materials of the first insulation layer 8 and the second insulation layer 10 can be used to achieve insulation without special restrictions; for example, they can be microcrystalline glass, alumina, modified ceramics, or silicon dioxide. These materials are all inorganic high-temperature resistant materials, typically capable of withstanding temperatures of 400-800℃, with high voltage resistance, and their coefficient of thermal expansion is close to that of the pipe wall 7 material, such as stainless steel or aluminum plate. The materials of the first insulation layer 8 and the second insulation layer 10 can be the same or different. In addition, a thermal insulation layer 13 can be provided outside the second insulation layer 10 to insulate the heat generated by the heating structure 5, thereby improving the heating efficiency of oil or natural gas in the pipeline. The thermal insulation layer 13 can be made of conventional thermal insulation materials, such as aluminum silicate insulation cotton, alumina fiber, silica powder, or aerogel. The thermal insulation layer 13 can be provided outside the second insulation layer 10 by means of wrapping or other methods. The thickness of the first insulating layer 8 and the second insulating layer 10 is 50-150 μm. Their thicknesses can be the same or different. The thickness of the heating element layer 9 is 8-50 μm. All three layers are very thin. This invention achieves such a small thickness by directly printing these three layers using screen printing or transfer printing. This facilitates rapid heat conduction and improves heat conversion efficiency.

[0061] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, to energize the heating element layer 9, electrodes 11 can be provided on the heating element layer 9. The electrode 11 material can be a conventional electrode material, such as silver electrode 11. The electrodes 11 can also be printed on the heating element layer 9 by screen printing. A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating 25 is also provided on the inner wall of the heating pipe 1 at the corresponding position of the heating structure 5. The PTFE coating 25 can be applied by spraying or other methods. This coating prevents scaling at the corresponding position on the inner wall of the heating pipe 1. Petroleum and natural gas typically have high viscosity, making them prone to scaling and adhesion during heating. Spraying the PTFE coating 25 achieves a non-stick effect, preventing scaling. A temperature sensor 12 can also be provided on the second insulating layer 10 to detect the temperature at the heating structure 5. The temperature sensor 12 can be, for example, an NTC temperature sensor, i.e., a temperature measuring element containing a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor. By detecting the temperature at the heating structure 5, the heating of petroleum or natural gas by the heating pipe 1 can be better controlled. Furthermore, as... Figure 8-9 As shown, a junction box can be installed on the outside of the pipe wall 7 of the heating pipe 1, and a controller can be connected to it. The controller can be located, for example, on the outside of the pipe wall 7, excluding the heating structure 5. Placing the controller on the outside of the pipe wall 7 facilitates maintenance in case of circuit or controller malfunctions. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 12 exceeds the set temperature, the controller can cut off the power to the heating element layer 95, thereby ensuring safe heating. The junction box can be installed in a conventional manner, for example, by using sealing rubber 29 to secure the wire ends.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 As shown, the heating structure 5 can be continuous or as shown in the diagram. Figure 8 As shown, there are multiple heating structures 5, which are spaced apart on part or all of the outer surface of the heating pipe 1. The continuous heating structures 5 can be a single, integrally formed heating structure 5, or multiple heating structures 5 can be continuously arranged, for example, connected together by bonding. When spaced apart, the spacing can be varied, for example, as shown in... Figure 8 As shown, heating structures 5 are spaced apart along different lengths of the heating pipe 1. Alternatively, heating structures 5 can be installed in some areas along the longitudinal direction, while other areas may not have them installed. For example, as shown... Figure 7 As shown, the cross-section of the heating structure 5 can be circular or arc-shaped. When it is circular, it is installed along the entire circumference of the heating pipe 1; when it is arc-shaped, it is installed only along a portion of the circumference of the heating pipe 1. When spaced apart, the heating elements of multiple heating structures 5 can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0063] Furthermore, because the diameter of the oil and gas heating pipe 1 is relatively large, and its length is also long, it is usually difficult to directly screen print or transfer the heating structure 5 onto the pipe in one go. In this case, the heating structure 5 can be printed on shorter sections of the heating pipe 1 in batches, and then multiple pipes equipped with the heating structure 5 can be assembled and fixed together. That is, the area of ​​the heating pipe 1 with the heating structure 5 on the outside is formed by multiple branch pipes fixed and sealed together. The fixing and assembly can be done in a conventional way, such as by using a union 26 with a gland 27. During connection, the heating structure 5 can be continuously installed, for example... Figure 8 As shown, the heating structures 5 can also be spaced out, for example, as shown in the diagram. Figure 8 As shown.

[0064] Furthermore, regarding the shape of the heating pipe 1, its cross-section can be circular. For example, the heating pipe 1 can be cylindrical, and screen printing or transfer printing can be performed directly on the arc-shaped pipe wall 7. It can also be a square pipe with a circular interface, in which case the heating structure 5 is located on the side wall of the square pipe. In this case, screen printing or transfer printing can be performed on the flat square side wall. Of course, the above shapes are merely examples and not exhaustive.

[0065] In yet another embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the heating pipe 1 includes an outer pipe 14 and an inner pipe 15 with at least one end located inside the outer pipe 14. An inlet 2 is located at one end of the outer pipe 14, and an outlet 3 is located at one end of the inner pipe 15. The pipe includes a passage between the outer wall of the inner pipe 15 and the inner wall of the outer pipe 14, and an internal passage within the inner pipe 15. A heating structure 5 is provided on the outer side of the portion of the inner pipe 15 located inside the outer pipe 14. There are one, two, three, four, five, six, or more outer pipes 14 and inner pipes 15, respectively. Multiple outer pipes 14 and multiple inner pipes 15 correspond one-to-one, forming multiple heating pipe groups. These heating pipe groups are arranged side-by-side, and adjacent heating pipe groups are integrally connected or connected via a connecting pipe 16. The outer pipe 14 and inner pipe 15 within each heating pipe group are fixedly connected. The petroleum gas to be heated enters the heating pipe 1 through the inlet 2 located at one end of the outer pipe 14, first flowing between the inner wall of the outer pipe 14 and the outer wall of the inner pipe 15, then entering the internal passage within the inner wall of the inner pipe 15, and finally flowing out from the outlet 3. Because the inner pipe 15, located inside the outer pipe 14, has a heating structure 5 on its outer side, the oil and natural gas are heated as they flow between the outer pipe 14 and the inner pipe 15 after entering the outer pipe 14. They are further heated as they flow along the inner wall. With the inner pipe 15 nested inside the outer pipe 14 and the heating structure 5 on its outer side, the oil and natural gas are heated twice each time they pass through a combination of inner pipe 15 and outer pipe 14, further improving heating efficiency. The number of outer pipes 14 and inner pipes 15 can be one, two, or more than three. Figure 4Only three are shown, but this does not mean that the present invention can only have three. When multiple inner pipes 15 and outer pipes 14 are used, the oil and natural gas flows out from the inner wall passage of the previous inner pipe 15, then enters the space between the next outer pipe 14 and the inner pipe 15, and then enters the inner wall of the current inner pipe 15, and so on, until it flows through all the mutually matching inner pipes 15 and outer pipes 14. Two adjacent heating pipe groups can be connected integrally, or they can be... Figure 5 As shown, it is connected by connecting pipe 16, which can be a conventional oil and gas transmission pipeline.

[0066] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the heating structure 5 includes a first insulating layer 8, a heating element layer 9, and a second insulating layer 10, sequentially formed by screen printing or transfer from the outer surface of the inner tube 15 wall 7. A heat-conducting medium layer 17 and a metal layer 18 are disposed outside the second insulating layer 10. The heating element layer 9 is made of metal, metal oxide, conductive carbon black, graphite powder, graphene, or carbon nanotubes. The heat-conducting medium layer 17 only needs to conduct heat; its material is not overly restricted. The metal layer 18 is made of stainless steel, carbon steel, low-alloy steel, or corrosion-resistant alloys. Since the outermost layer of the inner tube 15's outer wall will also directly contact oil and natural gas, a material that can withstand oil and natural gas and is commonly used for its transportation is used. The heat-conducting medium layer 17 can conduct heat from the heating element layer 9 outwards to the metal layer 18 and the oil and natural gas outside the inner tube 15 wall 7. Of course, in this embodiment, it can also be as follows... Figure 2 As shown, a polytetrafluoroethylene coating 25 is provided on the innermost layer of the inner wall of the inner tube 15 to prevent scaling of oil and natural gas. The first insulating layer 8 and the second insulating layer 10 are the same as in the previous embodiment and will not be described again here.

[0067] In addition, such as Figure 10 As shown, the metal layer 18 can be formed by welding the metal tube wall 7 to the outside of the inner tube 15, which is provided with the first insulating layer 8, the heating element layer 9, and the second insulating layer 10. This is equivalent to welding the inner and outer sleeves of two tubes together, creating a gap between the metal layer 18 and the second insulating layer 10, which is then filled with a heat-conducting medium layer 17, thus forming... Figure 6 Heating structure 5.

[0068] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 As shown, the fixed connection between the inner pipe 15 and the outer pipe 14 can be welding, which can achieve a better sealing effect to prevent the leakage of oil and gas.

[0069] The thicknesses of the first insulating layer 8, the heating element layer 9, and the second insulating layer 10, as well as the arrangement of the electrode 11, the temperature sensor 12, the controller, the spacing of the heating structure 5, and whether the pipes are assembled, are all the same as in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown in Figures 3 and 5, this utility model also provides an oil and gas heating device 19, which includes the aforementioned oil and gas heating pipeline 1, an inlet 2 temperature sensor 12 and an inlet 2 pressure sensor located at the inlet 2, and an outlet 3 temperature sensor 12 and an outlet 3 pressure sensor located at the outlet 3. The temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor respectively detect the temperature and pressure at the inlet 2 and the outlet 3 to better regulate the heating of the heating structure 5.

[0071] Furthermore, when the heating pipe 1 is equipped with multiple heating structures 5, a set of inlet 2 temperature sensor 12 and inlet 2 pressure sensor, and an outlet 3 temperature sensor 12 and outlet 3 pressure sensor can be installed at the inlet 2 and outlet 3 of each heating structure 5. In addition, a device for altering the fluid flow path, such as a static mixer, can be installed inside the heating pipe 1, which may be equipped with helical blades, etc. Since the fluid velocity inside the pipe is generally high, installing a device to accelerate fluid mixing at the heating location can improve the fluid mixing effect.

[0072] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent changes made in accordance with the scope of the present utility model application are still within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An oil and gas heating pipeline for heating oil or natural gas in an oil or natural gas transportation pipeline, characterized in that: The heating pipe has an inlet, an outlet, and a pipeline extending between the inlet and the outlet for the passage of oil or natural gas, and the heating pipe has a heating structure formed by screen printing or transfer printing on part or all of its outer surface.

2. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power density of the heating structure is 5-100W / cm² 2 ; and / or, the operating temperature of the heating structure is 30-800℃.

3. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet of the heating pipe can be directly adapted to oil or natural gas transmission pipelines.

4. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heating pipeline includes a vertically arranged parallel serpentine pipeline, which includes an upward section and a downward section. The upward section is the pipeline portion in which oil or natural gas flows from bottom to top, and the downward section is the pipeline portion in which oil or natural gas flows from top to bottom. The heating structure is provided on the outer side of the upward section.

5. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The heating pipe has 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more upward sections and downward sections respectively. The heating structure is provided on the outer side of each of the multiple upward sections, and no heating structure is provided on the outer side of each of the downward sections.

6. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heating pipe includes a horizontally arranged parallel serpentine pipe, which includes parallel sections and connecting sections. The connecting sections are located between two adjacent parallel sections, and the heating structure is provided on the outside of the parallel sections.

7. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The heating structure includes a first insulating layer, an electrode layer, a heating element layer, and a second insulating layer formed sequentially by screen printing or transfer from the outer surface of the tube wall, as well as an optional heat insulation layer disposed outside the second insulating layer. The heating element layer is a metal, metal oxide, conductive carbon black, graphite powder, graphene, or carbon nanotube.

8. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the first insulating layer is 50-150 μm; and / or the thickness of the heating element layer is 8-50 μm; and / or the thickness of the second insulating layer is 50-150 μm.

9. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The heating pipe also includes a temperature sensor disposed on the second insulation layer.

10. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heating pipe includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe with at least one end located inside the outer pipe. The inlet is located at one end of the outer pipe, and the outlet is located at one end of the inner pipe. The pipeline includes a passage between the outer wall of the inner pipe and the inner wall of the outer pipe, and an internal passage of the inner pipe. The heating structure is provided on the outer side of the portion of the inner pipe located inside the outer pipe. There are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or more outer pipes and inner pipes, respectively. The multiple outer pipes and multiple inner pipes correspond one-to-one to form multiple heating pipe groups. The multiple heating pipe groups are arranged side by side, and adjacent heating pipe groups are integrally connected or connected by connecting pipes. The outer pipe and inner pipe in each heating pipe group are fixedly connected.

11. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 10, characterized in that: The heating structure includes a first insulating layer, an electrode layer, a heating element layer, and a second insulating layer formed sequentially by screen printing or transfer from the outer surface of the inner tube wall, as well as a heat-conducting medium layer and a metal layer disposed outside the second insulating layer. The heating element layer is a metal, metal oxide, conductive carbon black, graphite powder, graphene, or carbon nanotube.

12. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The heating structure is multiple and is spaced apart on part or all of the outer surface of the heating pipe.

13. The oil and gas heating pipeline as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the heating pipe at the corresponding position of the heating structure is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene; and / or, the heating pipe with the heating structure on the outside is formed by multiple branch pipes fixedly and sealed together.

14. A heating device for oil and natural gas, characterized in that: It includes an oil and gas heating pipeline as described in any one of claims 1-13, an inlet temperature sensor and an inlet pressure sensor located at the inlet, an outlet temperature sensor and an outlet pressure sensor located at the outlet, and an optional device located within the heating pipeline for changing the fluid flow path.

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