An air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell systems, including box, hydrogen fuel cell stack and hydrogen storage bottle are equipped in the box, heat insulating plate separates into two chambers in front and back in box, the hydrogen fuel cell stack is arranged in front chamber, hydrogen storage bottle is arranged in rear chamber, hydrogen storage bottle is connected the hydrogen gas chamber of hydrogen fuel cell stack by hydrogen delivery pipe, hydrogen fuel cell stack is electrically connected FCU controller, FCU controller and whole vehicle power system are electrically connected, the back surface of hydrogen fuel cell stack is equipped with cooling fan, heat insulating plate is equipped with through-hole corresponding cooling fan, through-hole is communicated in front and rear chamber. The utility model single time endurance is significantly improved, hydrogen cylinder replacement time 3-5 minutes;Collaborate with lithium battery, working temperature covers-10 ℃~45 ℃, with comprehensive safety protection and long life maintenance, solve the problem that traditional energy system endurance is short, charge long, environmental adaptability is poor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to an air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system, which aims to improve the driving range, energy replenishment efficiency, and environmental adaptability of electric two-wheeled vehicle power systems through hydrogen energy technology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electric two-wheelers primarily rely on lithium-ion batteries or lead-acid batteries for power. Lithium-ion batteries are the mainstream choice due to their high energy density, but their charging process typically takes 3-8 hours, limiting the driving range per charge to capacity. Lead-acid batteries are cheaper but have even lower energy density and are heavier, increasing energy consumption and maintenance difficulties. Furthermore, lithium-ion batteries suffer from low-temperature performance degradation, and lead-acid batteries have short cycle lives, both requiring frequent charging or replacement, impacting equipment operating efficiency and increasing operating costs. To address these issues with shared electric two-wheelers, there is an urgent need to develop an air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system to improve the driving range of shared electric vehicles. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide an air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system to improve the driving range of electric two-wheeled vehicles. At the same time, it solves the problems of long charging time, poor environmental adaptability and high maintenance cost of existing lithium batteries / lead-acid batteries. Through the synergistic work of the hydrogen energy system and lithium batteries, it can achieve rapid replenishment and stable supply of energy, which can effectively increase the driving range. Moreover, the hydrogen refueling speed is fast, making it more convenient for users.

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows:

[0005] A wind-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system includes a housing containing a hydrogen fuel cell stack and a hydrogen storage tank. A heat insulation plate divides the housing into front and rear chambers. The hydrogen fuel cell stack is located in the front chamber, and the hydrogen storage tank is located in the rear chamber. The hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen chamber of the hydrogen fuel cell stack via a hydrogen delivery pipe. The hydrogen fuel cell stack is electrically connected to an FCU controller, which is electrically connected to the vehicle's power system. A cooling fan is located on the back of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the heat insulation plate has through holes corresponding to the cooling fan, which connect the front and rear chambers.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the box is provided with a lower support corresponding to the hydrogen storage bottle, and the top of the box is provided with an upper support corresponding to the hydrogen storage bottle. The hydrogen storage bottle is limited in the box by the upper and lower supports.

[0007] Preferably, a wind guide shroud is provided outside the hydrogen storage cylinder located in the rear chamber, with one end of the wind guide shroud communicating with the through hole and the other end connected to the rear panel.

[0008] Preferably, the FCU controller is located below the hydrogen fuel cell stack and fixed to the bottom plate of the housing, and the hydrogen fuel cell stack is electrically connected to the vehicle power system through the FCU controller.

[0009] Preferably, the box body is provided with a front panel and a rear panel for air intake and exhaust, respectively, and both the front panel and the rear panel are hollow structures.

[0010] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell stack is provided with a drain pipe at the bottom, through which the water produced after the hydrogen fuel cell stack reaction is discharged from the tank.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell stack is equipped with a blower at the top. The air participating in the reaction is drawn into the hydrogen fuel cell stack by the blower, and the air after the reaction is discharged from the casing through the exhaust pipe at the bottom.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] 1. Significant improvement in range and refueling efficiency: The combination of a 350W stable output hydrogen fuel cell stack and an 80g solid hydrogen storage tank significantly increases the range after a single refueling; the hydrogen storage tank can be fully charged in 60 minutes at a hydrogen pressure of 4MPa, and the replacement or refueling time is only 3-5 minutes, greatly reducing the equipment's offline time;

[0014] 2. Stable operation over a wide temperature range: The hydrogen fuel cell stack operates in temperatures ranging from -10℃ to 45℃. It can operate stably with PTC-assisted start-up at -20℃, solving the problem of seasonal energy degradation in traditional energy systems.

[0015] 3. Comprehensive upgrade of safety protection: The hydrogen storage cylinder integrates a rupture disc (trigger pressure 12±1.5MPa) and a TPRD temperature-induced pressure relief device, with a maximum pressure of ≤10MPa at 65℃, eliminating potential safety hazards from the source;

[0016] 4. Long lifespan and low-cost maintenance: The hydrogen fuel cell stack and core components enjoy a 36-month warranty and a 72-month maintenance guarantee, significantly reducing maintenance costs;

[0017] 5. Intelligent and efficient energy coordination: Relying on the online fuzzy energy management strategy, the fuel cell stack mainly undertakes stable power output. When the demand power fluctuates (such as sudden load changes), the external lithium battery quickly responds to the transient demand, avoiding frequent load changes of the fuel cell stack. At the same time, the healthy operating range of the external lithium battery is maintained through dynamic adjustment, maximizing the low power and high efficiency characteristics of the fuel cell stack and reducing energy waste.

[0018] 5. Environmental protection and reliability assurance: The reaction product of hydrogen fuel cells is water, which is discharged directly through the drain pipe, with no pollutant emissions; the production process has undergone full-process testing of vibration, salt spray, and high and low temperatures, resulting in an extremely low failure rate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0023] in:

[0024] 1. Housing; 1.1. Front panel; 1.2. Rear panel; 2. Hydrogen fuel cell stack; 2.1. Drain pipe; 2.2. Blower; 2.3. Exhaust pipe; 3. Hydrogen storage tank; 4. Heat insulation plate; 4.1. Through hole; 5. Air guide hood; 6. Lower tank support; 7. Upper tank support; 8. Hydrogen delivery pipe; 9. Hydrogen inlet valve; 10. FCU controller; 11. Cooling fan. Detailed Implementation

[0025] See Figure 1-4 This utility model relates to an air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system, including a housing 1, a hydrogen fuel cell stack 2, a hydrogen storage cylinder 3, a heat insulation plate 4, and an air guide shroud 5. The housing 1 houses the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 and the hydrogen storage cylinder 3. A lower cylinder support 6 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1 corresponding to the hydrogen storage cylinder 3, and an upper cylinder support 7 is provided at the top of the housing 1 corresponding to the hydrogen storage cylinder 3. The hydrogen storage cylinder 3 is confined within the housing 1 by the upper and lower cylinder supports 6 and 7. The heat insulation plate 4 divides the housing 1 into two chambers, front and rear. The hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is located in the front chamber, and the hydrogen storage cylinder 3 is located in the rear chamber. The hydrogen storage cylinder 3 is connected to the hydrogen chamber of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 via an external hydrogen supply pipe 8. A hydrogen inlet valve 9 is installed at the inlet of the hydrogen chamber of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2. The hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is electrically connected to an FCU controller 10, which is located within the hydrogen fuel cell stack. Below the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 and fixed to the bottom plate of the housing 1, the FCU controller 10 is electrically connected to the vehicle power system (not shown in the figure). The hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 charges the vehicle power system through the FCU controller 10. The housing 1 is provided with a front panel 1.1 and a rear panel 1.2 for air intake and exhaust. The back of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is provided with a cooling fan 11, which dissipates heat from the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 and provides the air required for the reaction. The heat insulation plate 4 is provided with a through hole 4.1 corresponding to the cooling fan 11 to facilitate the entry of hot air into the rear chamber. The hydrogen storage tank 3 in the rear chamber is provided with an air guide shroud 5. One end of the air guide shroud 5 is connected to the through hole 4.1, and the other end is connected to the rear panel 1.2 to form a directional airflow channel. The air guide shroud 5 can directionally guide the airflow, enhance heat dissipation, reduce wind resistance and noise, and improve user comfort.

[0026] The bottom of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is provided with a drain pipe 2.1, and the water produced after the reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is discharged from the housing 1 through the drain pipe 2.1.

[0027] The housing 1 is made of locally forged reinforced aluminum alloy, which is suitable for the installation space of power equipment. The front panel 1.1 and the rear panel 1.2 are stainless steel air intake grilles with a hollow structure to ensure air circulation.

[0028] The hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is equipped with a blower 2.2 at the top. The air participating in the reaction is drawn into the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 by the blower 2.2, and the air after the reaction is discharged from the housing 2 through the exhaust pipe 2.3 at the bottom. The hydrogen fuel cell stack 2 is a cathode-closed stack, which integrates the blower 2.2, intelligent controller and exhaust pipe 2.3 to form a closed air-cooled system. The net output power is stable at 350W, and the peak power can be increased to 500W, which matches the parameters of the air-cooled fuel cell system.

[0029] The hydrogen storage cylinder 3 is a 1.5L T6 aluminum alloy solid hydrogen storage cylinder, integrating a rupture disc and a TPRD temperature-controlled pressure relief device. The rated hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage cylinder 3 is 80g, the hydrogen filling pressure is 4MPa, the hydrogen release flow rate at room temperature is stable at 4NL / min, the bare cylinder weight is ≤6.5kg, and the external dimensions are Φ89×358mm.

[0030] The drain pipe 2.1 and the exhaust pipe 2.3 are located on the left and right sides of the bottom of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2. The drain pipe 2.1 and the exhaust pipe 2.3 pass through the heat insulation plate 4 and the rear panel 1.2 in sequence. The heat insulation plate 4 and the rear panel 1.2 are provided with through holes corresponding to the drain pipe 2.1 and the exhaust pipe 2.3 to facilitate the discharge of water and gas.

[0031] During operation, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 3 enters the hydrogen inlet valve 9 through the hydrogen delivery pipe 8 and then reaches the hydrogen chamber of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 2. The blower 2.2 draws in air into the air chamber through the front panel 1.1. The hydrogen reacts with oxygen to generate electricity and water. The electricity is regulated by the FCU controller 10 and then delivered to the vehicle power system, and works in conjunction with external energy storage devices to supply power. The water generated by the reaction is discharged through the drain pipe 2.1, and the exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 2.3.

[0032] The cooling fan 11 sends the hot working air of the fuel cell stack into the air guide shroud 5 through the through hole 4.1. The air flows along the air guide shroud over the surface of the hydrogen storage tank 3 and is then discharged from the rear panel 1.2, achieving the dual effects of heat dissipation and hydrogen insulation. The FCU controller 10 monitors the fuel cell stack voltage, current, temperature and the status of external energy storage equipment in real time. In case of abnormality, it cuts off the hydrogen supply through the hydrogen inlet valve 9 to ensure system safety.

[0033] In addition to the above embodiments, this utility model also includes other implementation methods. All technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized in that: The device includes a housing containing a hydrogen fuel cell stack and a hydrogen storage tank. A heat insulation plate divides the housing into two chambers: a front chamber and a rear chamber. The hydrogen fuel cell stack is located in the front chamber, and the hydrogen storage tank is located in the rear chamber. The hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen chamber of the hydrogen fuel cell stack via a hydrogen delivery pipe. The hydrogen fuel cell stack is electrically connected to the FCU controller, which is electrically connected to the vehicle's power system. A cooling fan is located on the back of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the heat insulation plate has through holes corresponding to the cooling fan, which connect the front and rear chambers.

2. The air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the box is provided with a lower support for the hydrogen storage bottle, and the top of the box is provided with an upper support for the hydrogen storage bottle. The hydrogen storage bottle is limited in the box by the upper and lower supports.

3. The air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wind guide hood is installed outside the hydrogen storage cylinder located in the rear chamber. One end of the wind guide hood is connected to the through hole, and the other end is connected to the rear panel of the box.

4. The air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The FCU controller is located below the hydrogen fuel cell stack and fixed to the bottom plate of the housing. The hydrogen fuel cell stack is electrically connected to the vehicle power system through the FCU controller.

5. The air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box is equipped with a front panel and a rear panel for air intake and exhaust, respectively, and both the front panel and the rear panel have a hollow structure.

6. The air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is equipped with a drain pipe, through which the water produced after the hydrogen fuel cell stack reaction is discharged from the tank.

7. A wind-cooled hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell stack is equipped with a blower at the top. The air participating in the reaction is drawn into the hydrogen fuel cell stack by the blower, and the air after the reaction is discharged from the casing through the exhaust pipe at the bottom.

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