Moving magnet electromagnetic catapult

Abstract

The utility model relates to electromagnetic catapult technical field especially relates to a dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, including non -uniform stator subassembly, catapult track, magnetic mover subassembly and power supply drive component, non -uniform stator subassembly is along first direction and is arranged on catapult track, magnetic mover subassembly is along first direction and is arranged on catapult track, power supply drive component can power supply non -uniform stator subassembly to produce non -uniform magnetic field, magnetic mover subassembly can accelerate motion and deceleration motion under the action of non -uniform magnetic field, the utility model discloses through the non -uniform magnetic field of non -uniform stator subassembly generation realizes thrust self -regulation to make magnetic mover subassembly accelerate motion and deceleration motion along catapult track. Induction electromotive force frequency can change with speed and magnetic field gradient automatic change, need not external frequency converter to match the thrust demand of different speed section, has reduced the system complexity, and thrust response is faster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electromagnetic catapult technology, and in particular to a moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device. Background Technology

[0002] As electromagnetic catapult technology develops towards higher efficiency, self-adaptability, and lightweight design, the limitations of traditional moving magnetic electromagnetic catapult systems (uniform permanent magnet stators) are becoming increasingly apparent: the fixed magnetic field distribution results in an inflexible acceleration curve, making it difficult to adapt to varying load requirements; frequency conversion control relies on power electronic equipment, making the system complex and costly; and energy utilization is low, especially with thrust fluctuations in the non-uniform speed range.

[0003] In traditional moving-magnet electromagnetic catapult systems, the permanent magnet stator is uniformly distributed along the catapult track. Current improvements to traditional moving-magnet electromagnetic catapult systems with uniform stator coils are achieved through the following methods:

[0004] ① High-performance frequency converter upgrade: The frequency converter module in the drive system adopts a silicon carbide (SiC) frequency converter, the switching frequency is increased to more than 100kHz, the loss is reduced by 50%, and more precise frequency conversion control is achieved.

[0005] ② Mechanical and structural improvements: The skewed pole / slot design, with the stator coils skewed at 5-15°, disrupts the periodicity of the magnetic field, reducing thrust fluctuations caused by the cogging effect from 15% to 5%. However, this increases manufacturing complexity and costs.

[0006] The cogging effect is a periodic force fluctuation caused by changes in magnetic reluctance when the magnetic poles of the mover (permanent magnet) and stator (motor coil) are aligned. The skewed pole design disrupts the strict periodicity of the magnetic field, preventing the mover from simultaneously aligning with all magnetic poles during movement, thus smoothing out changes in magnetic reluctance.

[0007] This traditional moving-magnet electromagnetic catapult with uniform stator distribution requires an external frequency converter to adjust the drive frequency to match the thrust requirements of different speed ranges, which increases the system complexity; moreover, it has low energy utilization, significant thrust fluctuations, and limited dynamic response.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new type of moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0009] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, which aims to solve the problems of high system complexity and low energy utilization of existing moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult devices.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, comprising a non-uniform stator assembly, a catapult track, a magnetic mover assembly, and a power supply and drive assembly. The non-uniform stator assembly is disposed on the catapult track along a first direction; the magnetic mover assembly is slidably disposed on the catapult track along the first direction; the power supply and drive assembly can supply power to the non-uniform stator assembly to generate a non-uniform magnetic field, and the magnetic mover assembly can accelerate and decelerate under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field.

[0011] Optionally, the non-uniform stator assembly includes an acceleration section and a deceleration section. The acceleration section includes a plurality of acceleration stator coils arranged sequentially along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent acceleration stator coils increases linearly with a slope k. The deceleration section includes a plurality of deceleration stator coils arranged sequentially along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent deceleration stator coils decreases linearly with a slope k′.

[0012] Optionally, the non-uniform stator assembly further includes a uniform speed section disposed between the acceleration section and the deceleration section. The uniform speed section includes a plurality of uniform speed stator coils arranged sequentially along the first direction, and the magnetic mover assembly is capable of uniform speed movement under the action of the uniform speed stator coils.

[0013] Optionally, the spacing between two adjacent uniform-speed stator coils is a fixed value.

[0014] Optionally, the magnetic actuator assembly is a permanent magnet actuator.

[0015] Optionally, the power supply drive assembly includes multiple three-phase power supply structures. Each of the accelerating stator coils, each of the constant speed stator coils, and each of the decelerating stator coils is respectively provided with a three-phase power supply structure. The three-phase power supply structure includes a three-phase power supply and a three-phase power cable. The three-phase power supply is electrically connected to the corresponding accelerating stator coil, the constant speed stator coil, or the decelerating stator coil through the three-phase power cable.

[0016] Optionally, the accelerating stator coil, the constant-speed stator coil, and the decelerating stator coil are air-core coils or non-air-core coils.

[0017] Optionally, the moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult further includes a mounting base, a position detection module, and a control module. The position detection module and the catapult track are both mounted on the mounting base. The position detection module can detect the position of the magnetic moving component in real time. The control module is electrically connected to the position detection module and the three-phase power supply, respectively. The control module can adjust the compensation current of the three-phase power supply according to the position of the magnetic moving component fed back by the position detection module.

[0018] In this invention, a non-uniform magnetic field generated by a non-uniform stator assembly enables thrust self-adjustment, allowing the magnetic mover assembly to accelerate and decelerate along the launch track. The thrust generated when the magnetic mover assembly cuts the non-uniform magnetic field is proportional to the magnetic field gradient. The induced electromotive force frequency automatically changes with speed and magnetic field gradient, eliminating the need for an external frequency converter to match thrust requirements at different speed ranges, thus reducing system complexity. Furthermore, the magnetic field switching has no electronic delay, resulting in faster thrust response. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving magnet electromagnetic catapult device in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0021] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0022] 1 Non-uniform stator assembly, 1.1 Accelerating stator coil, 1.2 Uniform stator coil, 1.3 Decelerating stator coil, 2 Launch rail, 3 Magnetic mover assembly, 4 Three-phase power supply structure, 5 Mounting base, 6 Position detection module.

[0023] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0026] Furthermore, in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0027] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0029] This invention proposes a moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, aiming to solve the problems of high system complexity and low energy utilization of existing moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult devices.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult includes a non-uniform stator assembly 1, a catapult track 2, a magnetic mover assembly 3, and a power supply drive assembly. The non-uniform stator assembly 1 is disposed on the catapult track 2 along a first direction; the magnetic mover assembly 3 is slidably disposed on the catapult track 2 along the first direction; the power supply drive assembly supplies power to the non-uniform stator assembly 1 to generate a non-uniform magnetic field, and the magnetic mover assembly 3 can accelerate and decelerate under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field. In this embodiment, the non-uniform magnetic field generated by the non-uniform stator assembly 1 achieves thrust self-adjustment, so that the magnetic mover assembly 3 can accelerate, move at a constant speed, and decelerate along the catapult track 2. When the magnetic mover assembly 3 cuts the non-uniform magnetic field, the generated thrust is proportional to the magnetic field gradient. The induced electromotive force frequency can automatically change with the speed and magnetic field gradient, matching the thrust requirements of different speed ranges without the need for an external frequency converter, reducing system complexity; and the magnetic field switching has no electronic delay, resulting in faster thrust response.

[0031] The non-uniform stator assembly 1 includes an acceleration section, a constant speed section, and a deceleration section. The acceleration section includes multiple accelerating stator coils 1.1 arranged sequentially along a first direction, with the spacing between adjacent accelerating stator coils 1.1 increasing linearly with a slope k. The constant speed section includes multiple constant speed stator coils 1.2 arranged sequentially along the first direction, with the same spacing between adjacent constant speed stator coils 1.2. The deceleration section includes multiple deceleration stator coils 1.3 arranged sequentially along the first direction, with the spacing between adjacent deceleration stator coils 1.3 decreasing linearly with a slope k′. In this embodiment, the accelerating stator coils 1.1 in the acceleration section are densely arranged with a linearly increasing spacing, increasing the number of coil turns N(x) per unit length, increasing the rate of change of magnetic flux dB / dt, enhancing the induced current I, and generating a strong Lorentz force. Similar to a car's "low gear," it provides maximum starting thrust. In the constant-speed range, the constant-speed stator coils 1.2 are sparsely and constantly arranged, reducing the magnetic field frequency and maintaining the minimum thrust required for constant speed. This reduces induced current and eddy current losses, maintaining only the minimum thrust needed for constant speed and avoiding overdrive. In the deceleration range, the deceleration stator coils 1.3 are re-densified, enhancing the reverse induced current and also potentially increasing braking force when combined with short-circuit braking. Furthermore, the non-uniform stator assembly 1 breaks the periodicity of the magnetic field, avoiding the thrust pulsation caused by traditional uniform stators.

[0032] In this embodiment, the proportions of the acceleration segment, the constant speed segment, and the deceleration segment are 50%, 30%, and 20%, respectively. It should be noted that the acceleration segment, the constant speed segment, and the deceleration segment can be flexibly adjusted according to actual operational needs. In other special cases, only the acceleration segment and the deceleration segment need to be set.

[0033] Specifically, the launch track 2 has a groove arranged along a first direction, and the non-uniform stator assembly 1 is disposed within the groove; the magnetic mover assembly 3 is slidably disposed opposite the groove. In this embodiment, the bottom of the magnetic mover assembly 3 forms a groove that matches the contour of the launch track 2, the inner wall of the groove slides in contact with the outer walls of both sides of the launch track 2, and the groove and the groove are correspondingly arranged to facilitate the sliding of the magnetic mover assembly 3 along the launch track 2 under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field generated by the non-uniform stator assembly 1. In other embodiments, the magnetic mover assembly 3 may also be slidably connected to the launch track 2 in other ways.

[0034] The magnetic mover assembly 3 is a permanent magnet mover. Using a permanent magnet mover can effectively ensure the stability of the magnetic field, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the magnetic mover assembly 3.

[0035] The power supply drive assembly includes multiple three-phase power supply structures 4. Each accelerating stator coil 1.1, each constant speed stator coil 1.2, and each decelerating stator coil 1.3 is respectively provided with a three-phase power supply structure 4. The three-phase power supply structure 4 includes a three-phase power supply and a three-phase power cable. The three-phase power supply is electrically connected to the corresponding accelerating stator coil 1.1, constant speed stator coil 1.2, or decelerating stator coil 1.3 through the three-phase power cable.

[0036] Accelerating stator coil 1.1, constant speed stator coil 1.2, and decelerating stator coil 1.3 are all either air-core or non-air-core coils. In actual operation, the coil type can be selected according to project requirements. The lightweight mover design using air-core coils reduces the mover mass by 30% to 50%, reduces inertia, accelerates faster, and eliminates iron losses.

[0037] The moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult also includes a mounting base 5, a position detection module 6, and a control module. Both the position detection module 6 and the catapult track 2 are mounted on the mounting base 5. The position detection module 6 can detect the position of the magnetic mover assembly 3 in real time. The control module 7 is electrically connected to both the position detection module 6 and the three-phase power supply. The control module 7 can calculate the required current based on the real-time position measured by the position detection module 6 and control the high-frequency update of the current command of the three-phase power supply to ensure that the current adjustment is synchronized with the magnetic field change, avoiding thrust fluctuations. While meeting the thrust requirements, a lower current amplitude is preferred. The position detection module 6 includes multiple position detection sensors uniformly arranged along a first direction to facilitate the detection of the real-time position of the magnetic mover assembly 3.

[0038] The specific formula for calculating the spacing λ1(x) between the accelerating stator coils 1 and 1 is as follows:

[0039] λ1(x)=λ min +kx;

[0040] Where: λ min The minimum allowable spacing is determined by the physical dimensions of the winding, heat dissipation, and magnetic field coupling strength, where x is the current position of the magnetic actuator assembly (3).

[0041] The specific calculation formula for the spacing λ2(x) between the uniform-speed stator coils (1.2) is as follows:

[0042] λ2(x)=λ mid ;

[0043] Where: λ mid λ is the fixed interval between the constant velocity segments, i.e., the interval at the end of the acceleration segments. mid >λ min During the uniform speed segment, no frequency conversion is required, the magnetic field switching frequency is constant, and the mover moves at its maximum speed Vmax.

[0044] The specific calculation formula for the spacing λ3(x) between the deceleration stator coils (1.3) is as follows:

[0045] λ3(x)=λ mid -k′(x-x2);

[0046] Where: x2 is the starting position of the deceleration section.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a control method for a moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, controlling the above-mentioned moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device to perform electromagnetic catapult operations, including:

[0048] A dynamic equation is established based on the catapult mission. The lengths of the acceleration and deceleration phases and the required thrust for each phase are calculated based on the dynamic equation. The arrangement spacing of the non-uniform stator components is designed based on the calculation results. The catapult mission includes the catapult height, the final velocity of the catapult, the mass of the catapult plus the mover, and the acceleration. In actual operation, the length of the deceleration phase can be 0 under certain conditions.

[0049] The dynamic equations include, but are not limited to:

[0050] t(x) = (V(x) - V0) / a(x);

[0051]

[0052] F(x)=m·a(x)+F 阻力 ;

[0053] Where: F(x) is the thrust required at each stage, m is the mass of the projectile plus the mover, a(x) is the acceleration, V(x) is the real-time velocity of the mover, V0 is the initial velocity of the mover, t(x) is the time, S(x) is the length of the projectile trajectory, F 阻力 This includes frictional resistance and eddy current losses.

[0054] The magnetic field distribution B(x) of the permanent magnet array is obtained by measuring or simulating the arrangement spacing of the non-uniform stator components based on the design, and stored as a position-magnetic field lookup table.

[0055] The power supply drive component is turned on to supply power to the non-uniform stator component 1, generating a non-uniform magnetic field. Under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field, the magnetic mover component 3 accelerates, moves at a constant speed, and decelerates along the catapult track 2.

[0056] The real-time position x of the magnetic actuator component 3 is obtained through the position detection module 6;

[0057] The control module obtains the magnetic field distribution corresponding to the real-time position based on the real-time position x and the position-magnetic field lookup table, and calculates the required real-time current; the specific calculation formula for the required real-time current is as follows:

[0058] I(x) = F(x) / α·B(x);

[0059] Where: I(x) is the real-time required current at real-time position x; α is the motor force constant; F(x) is the required thrust, and the formula for calculating the required thrust includes, but is not limited to:

[0060] F(x)=m·a(x)+F 阻力 ;

[0061] F(x) = P(x) / V(x);

[0062] F(x) = B * I * L;

[0063] Where: P(x) is the real-time power; B is the magnetic field strength at the real-time position x; and L is the length of the conductor that effectively cuts the magnetic field lines in the magnetic field.

[0064] The control module updates the current command to the three-phase power supply in real time based on the calculated required current, ensuring that the current adjustment is synchronized with the changes in the magnetic field distribution.

[0065] Since the control method of the moving magnet electromagnetic catapult includes the moving magnet electromagnetic catapult as described above, the control method of the moving magnet electromagnetic catapult possesses all the beneficial effects of the moving magnet electromagnetic catapult described above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0066] Any matters not covered in this embodiment are existing technologies.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, characterized in that, The system includes a non-uniform stator assembly (1), a launch track (2), a magnetic mover assembly (3), and a power supply drive assembly. The non-uniform stator assembly (1) is disposed on the launch track (2) along a first direction. The magnetic mover assembly (3) is slidably disposed on the launch track (2) along the first direction. The power supply drive assembly can supply power to the non-uniform stator assembly (1) to generate a non-uniform magnetic field. The magnetic mover assembly (3) can accelerate and decelerate under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field.

2. The moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The non-uniform stator assembly (1) includes an acceleration section and a deceleration section. The acceleration section includes a plurality of acceleration stator coils (1.1) arranged sequentially along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent acceleration stator coils (1.1) increases linearly with a slope k. The deceleration section includes a plurality of deceleration stator coils (1.3) arranged sequentially along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent deceleration stator coils (1.3) decreases linearly with a slope k′.

3. The moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The non-uniform stator assembly (1) further includes a uniform speed section disposed between the acceleration section and the deceleration section. The uniform speed section includes a plurality of uniform speed stator coils (1.2) arranged sequentially along the first direction. The magnetic mover assembly (3) is capable of uniform speed movement under the action of the uniform speed stator coils (1.2).

4. The moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent uniform speed stator coils (1.2) is a fixed value.

5. The moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetic actuator assembly (3) is a permanent magnet actuator.

6. The moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The power supply drive assembly includes multiple three-phase power supply structures (4). Each of the accelerating stator coils (1.1), the constant speed stator coils (1.2), and the decelerating stator coils (1.3) is respectively provided with a three-phase power supply structure (4). The three-phase power supply structure (4) includes a three-phase power supply and a three-phase power cable. The three-phase power supply is electrically connected to the corresponding accelerating stator coil (1.1), the constant speed stator coil (1.2), or the decelerating stator coil (1.3) through the three-phase power cable.

7. The moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The accelerating stator coil (1.1), the constant speed stator coil (1.2), and the decelerating stator coil (1.3) are either air-core coils or non-air-core coils.

8. The moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The moving-magnetic electromagnetic catapult also includes a mounting base (5), a position detection module (6), and a control module. The position detection module (6) and the catapult track (2) are both mounted on the mounting base (5). The position detection module (6) can detect the position of the magnetic moving component (3) in real time. The control module is electrically connected to the position detection module (6) and the three-phase power supply respectively. The control module can adjust the compensation current of the three-phase power supply according to the position of the magnetic moving component (3) fed back by the position detection module (6).

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