Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to solar cell technical field discloses a photovoltaic module. In the application, the glass layer of the adhesive film layer outside includes nanometer heat insulation material, can effectively block the outside environment heat to photovoltaic module inside transmission, the influence of environmental temperature to module temperature is reduced significantly, makes photovoltaic module maintain at relatively low and stable working temperature interval, thereby alleviates the problem of the power generation efficiency reduction caused by temperature rise, simultaneously, although the heat insulation material is additionally arranged to insulate the heat of outside environment, but photovoltaic module itself can produce heat energy in the working process and is difficult to dissipate to the outside world, and thus in the application, by additionally arranging the phase change material in the photovoltaic module, can absorb the redundant heat when the module temperature rises, prevents the module temperature excessive rise, thereby avoids the reduction of working efficiency caused by the high temperature in the photovoltaic module, guarantees the stable output of power generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar cell technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global attention to environmental protection and sustainable energy development, photovoltaics (PV), as a green and clean new power generation method, is gaining increasing importance. Therefore, PV is expected to become an effective alternative for solving these environmental problems. However, current PV modules have some significant limitations. For example, in terms of spectral absorption, PV cells can only effectively absorb visible light in the 300nm–1200nm range. For light with wavelengths greater than 1200nm, they cannot convert it into electrical energy but instead convert it into heat energy. Since the temperature coefficient of PV modules is generally negative, this conversion into heat energy leads to an increase in the module's temperature. When the module temperature rises, the output voltage of the PV module decreases, thus reducing the power generation efficiency of the PV module.

[0003] In related technologies, photovoltaic modules often employ a "sandwich" structure consisting of glass, encapsulant film, solar cells, encapsulant film, and glass again. However, the inventors discovered at least the following problems with this structure: traditional photovoltaic module structures lack the ability to actively regulate the module's own temperature based on temperature changes; furthermore, related technologies primarily focus on reducing the temperature generated by the module itself due to the absorption of excess light energy, neglecting the significant impact of ambient temperature on the module's temperature. The ambient temperature significantly affects the actual operating temperature of the photovoltaic module, thereby impacting its power generation efficiency. Therefore, to overcome the shortcomings of existing photovoltaic modules in temperature regulation and improve power generation efficiency, designing a photovoltaic module structure that combines heat insulation and cooling functions is of significant practical importance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a photovoltaic module that can simultaneously possess heat insulation and cooling capabilities, thereby reducing the impact of ambient temperature on the working efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this utility model provide a photovoltaic module, including a heat-insulating glass layer and a phase change layer; the phase change layer is an adhesive layer with a phase change material uniformly distributed inside; the heat-insulating glass layer includes nano-heat-insulating material; the heat-insulating glass layer covers the phase change layer; and the phase change layer encapsulates a string of solar cells.

[0006] In this embodiment of the invention, the glass layer on the outer side of the film layer includes a nano-insulating material. This nano-insulating material has extremely low thermal conductivity, which can effectively block the transfer of heat from the external environment to the interior of the photovoltaic module. This significantly reduces the impact of ambient temperature on the module temperature, allowing the photovoltaic module to maintain a relatively low and stable operating temperature range. This reduces the rise in module temperature caused by increased ambient temperature, thereby alleviating the problem of decreased power generation efficiency caused by temperature rise and improving the working efficiency of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, although the insulation material is added to isolate the heat from the external environment, the photovoltaic module itself generates heat during operation, which is difficult to dissipate to the outside. Therefore, in this application, by adding a phase change material to the photovoltaic module, a phase change occurs when the temperature rises to a specific value, absorbing and storing a large amount of heat. This absorbs excess heat when the module temperature rises, preventing the module temperature from rising excessively and playing a cooling role. This avoids the reduction in working efficiency caused by excessively high internal temperature of the photovoltaic module, ensuring stable power generation output.

[0007] In addition, the heat-insulating glass layer includes a glass plate layer and a heat-insulating layer; the glass plate layer covers the heat-insulating layer; the heat-insulating layer is an adhesive layer in which the nano heat-insulating material is uniformly distributed; wherein, the nano heat-insulating material is heat-insulating nanoparticles with a particle size of 5nm to 150nm.

[0008] In addition, the thickness of the insulation layer is 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm; and the nano-insulation material is uniformly distributed in the insulation layer at a mass ratio of 0.1% to 10%.

[0009] In addition, the material of the heat insulation layer is any one of POE, EVA, EPE, PVB, and TPO; the nano heat insulation material is any one or a mixture of metal-modified titanium dioxide, tin-antimony oxide, and cesium-tungsten bronze.

[0010] In addition, the thickness of the phase change layer is 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm; the phase change material is uniformly distributed in the phase change layer at a mass ratio of 0.1% to 15%; and the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 20°C to 50°C.

[0011] In addition, the phase change material is any one or a mixture of paraffin-based organic phase change materials, aliphatic organic phase change materials, and metal-modified oxide inorganic phase change materials.

[0012] In addition, the heat-insulating glass layer is a glass plate coated with a heat-insulating coating; the heat-insulating coating is applied to the outer side of the glass plate; the outer side of the glass plate is the side of the heat-insulating glass layer away from the battery cell string.

[0013] In addition, the heat-insulating coating is a nano-coating containing titanium dioxide; the heat-insulating coating is applied to the outside of the glass plate layer by any of the following methods: roller coating, brush coating, spray coating, and cured on the outside of the glass plate by any of the following methods: natural curing, heat curing, and ultraviolet curing.

[0014] In addition, the photovoltaic module also includes an encapsulant layer disposed between the heat-insulating glass layer and the phase change layer; the encapsulant layer includes a first sub-encapsulant layer and a second sub-encapsulant layer; the photovoltaic module includes, in sequence along a first direction, the heat-insulating glass layer, the first sub-encapsulant layer, the phase change layer, the second sub-encapsulant layer, and the heat-insulating glass layer; the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the heat-insulating glass layer.

[0015] In addition, the photovoltaic module further includes an encapsulant layer disposed between the heat insulation layer and the phase change layer; the heat insulation layer includes a first sub-heat insulation layer and a second sub-heat insulation layer; the encapsulant layer includes a first sub-encapsulant layer and a second sub-encapsulant layer; the photovoltaic module sequentially includes the glass plate layer, the first sub-heat insulation layer, the first sub-encapsulant layer, the phase change layer, the second sub-encapsulant layer, the second sub-heat insulation layer and the glass plate layer along a first direction; the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the glass plate layer. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module including a heat insulation layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module including a heat insulation layer according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module containing a heat-insulating coating according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Traditional photovoltaic (PV) module structures lack the ability to actively regulate their own temperature in response to temperature changes. Furthermore, related technologies primarily focus on reducing the temperature generated by the module itself due to the absorption of excess light energy, neglecting the significant impact of ambient temperature on module temperature. Ambient temperature significantly affects the actual operating temperature of PV modules, thus impacting their power generation efficiency. Therefore, designing a PV module structure that combines heat insulation and cooling functions is of significant practical importance in overcoming the shortcomings of existing PV modules in temperature regulation and improving power generation efficiency.

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the various embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the various embodiments of this utility model to help readers better understand this application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments. The division of the various embodiments below is for the convenience of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this utility model. The various embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0023] One embodiment of this utility model relates to a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes a heat-insulating glass layer and a phase change layer; the phase change layer is an adhesive layer in which phase change material is uniformly distributed; the heat-insulating glass layer includes nano-heat-insulating material; the heat-insulating glass layer covers the phase change layer; and a string of solar cells is encapsulated in the phase change layer. Because the glass layer on the outer side of the film layer includes nano-insulating materials with extremely low thermal conductivity, it can effectively block the transfer of heat from the external environment to the photovoltaic module, significantly reducing the impact of ambient temperature on the module temperature. This allows the photovoltaic module to maintain a relatively low and stable operating temperature range, reducing the temperature rise caused by increased ambient temperature, thereby alleviating the problem of decreased power generation efficiency due to temperature rise and improving the working efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Simultaneously, although the added insulating material isolates heat from the external environment, the photovoltaic module itself generates heat during operation that is difficult to dissipate. Therefore, in this application, by adding a phase change material to the photovoltaic module, a phase change occurs when the temperature rises to a specific value, absorbing and storing a large amount of heat. This absorbs excess heat when the module temperature rises, preventing excessive temperature rise and playing a cooling role. This avoids excessively high internal temperature of the photovoltaic module, which would cause a decrease in working efficiency and ensure stable power generation output. The following is a detailed description of the implementation details of the photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this utility model. The following content is only for ease of understanding and is not essential for implementing this solution.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, the photovoltaic module includes a heat-insulating glass layer 1 and a phase change layer 2; the phase change layer 2 is an adhesive layer with phase change material uniformly distributed inside; the heat-insulating glass layer 1 includes nano heat-insulating material; the heat-insulating glass layer 1 covers the phase change layer 2; and the phase change layer 2 encapsulates a string of solar cells 3.

[0025] In some embodiments, the heat-insulating glass layer 1 includes a glass plate layer 101 and a heat-insulating layer 102; the glass plate layer 101 covers the heat-insulating layer 102; the heat-insulating layer 102 is an adhesive layer with the nano-heat-insulating material uniformly distributed inside; wherein, the nano-heat-insulating material is heat-insulating nanoparticles with a particle size of 5nm to 150nm. Preferably, the particle size of the nano-heat-insulating material is in the range of 10nm to 100nm. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can adjust the specific particle size of the nano-heat-insulating material according to the actual production and application requirements, and this application does not impose any limitations on it. In addition, in some embodiments, the battery cells in the battery cell string 3 can be emitter and back passivated cells (PERC), tunnel oxide passivated contact cells (TOPCon), interdigitated back contact cells (IBC), etc., which are only examples here and are not specifically limited.

[0026] Specifically, the solar cell string 3 has a front and a back side. In some embodiments, the solar cells in the solar cell string 3 are single-sided cells, in which case the front side of the substrate of the solar cell in the solar cell string 3 can serve as the light-receiving surface for receiving incident light, and the back side serves as the back-lighting surface. In some embodiments, the solar cells in the solar cell string 3 are bifacial cells, in which case both the front and back sides of the substrate of the solar cell in the solar cell string 3 can serve as light-receiving surfaces and can both be used to receive incident light. It is understood that the back-lighting surface referred to in the embodiments of this application can also receive incident light, but the degree of reception of incident light is weaker than that of the light-receiving surface, and therefore it is defined as a back-lighting surface.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the photovoltaic module further includes an encapsulating film layer 4 disposed between the heat insulation layer and the phase change layer; the encapsulating film layer includes a first sub-encapsulating film layer 4001 and a second sub-encapsulating film layer 4002; the heat insulation layer 102 includes a first sub-heat insulation layer 1021 and a second sub-heat insulation layer 1022; the photovoltaic module sequentially includes the glass plate layer 101, the first sub-heat insulation layer 1021, the first sub-encapsulating film layer 4001, the phase change layer 2, the second sub-encapsulating film layer 4002, the second sub-heat insulation layer 1022, and the glass plate layer 101 along a first direction; the first direction is perpendicular to the glass plate layer 101. In some embodiments, the heat insulation material used in the first sub-heat insulation layer 1021 is different from the nano-heat insulation material used in the second sub-heat insulation layer 1022; the material of the first sub-encapsulating film layer 4001 is different from the material of the second sub-encapsulating film layer 4002.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the heat-insulating glass layer 1 includes only a glass plate layer 101, and the photovoltaic module also includes a heat-insulating layer 102, which is disposed in the direction facing the front of the cell string 3. The glass plate layer 101 covers the heat-insulating layer 102. The encapsulating film layer 4 includes a first sub-encapsulating film layer 4001 and a second sub-encapsulating film layer 4002. The photovoltaic module includes, in sequence along a first direction, the glass plate layer 101, the heat-insulating layer 102, the first sub-encapsulating film layer 4001, the phase change layer 2, the second sub-encapsulating film layer 4002, and the glass plate layer 101. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the glass plate layer 101 from top to bottom. In some embodiments, the material of the first sub-encapsulating film layer 4001 is different from the material of the second sub-encapsulating film layer 4002.

[0029] Further, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 102 is 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm; and the nano-insulating material is uniformly distributed in the heat insulation layer at a mass ratio of 0.1% to 10%, that is, the amount of nano-insulating material used is 0.1% to 10% of the mass percentage of the adhesive film of the heat insulation layer 102. Preferably, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 102 is preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm; and the amount of nano-insulating material used is preferably 0.1% to 5% of the mass percentage of the adhesive film of the heat insulation layer 102. Specifically, taking 100 parts of adhesive film mass as an example, the amount of nano-insulating material used is 0.1% to 5% of the mass percentage of the adhesive film of the heat insulation layer 102, that is, in the process of making the heat insulation layer 102, 0.1 parts to 5 parts of nano-insulating material are added to 100 parts of adhesive film.

[0030] Furthermore, the heat insulation layer 102 is made of any one of polyolefin elastomer (POE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-polyethylene copolymer (EPE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (TPO); the nano-insulation material is metal-modified titanium dioxide (TiO2), antimony tin oxide (Sb2O3·nSnO2), or cesium tungsten bronze (Cs). x Any one or a mixture of materials listed in WO3. It should be noted that the material of the heat insulation layer 102 can also be a mixture of the above-mentioned materials; the nano-insulation material can also be a mixture of the above-mentioned nano-insulation materials. Those skilled in the art can adjust the specific materials of the heat insulation layer 102 and the nano-insulation material according to actual production and application needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0031] In some embodiments, the thickness of the adhesive film layer 4 is 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the adhesive film layer 4 is in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm. The material of the adhesive film layer 4 is any one of polyolefin elastomer (POE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-polyethylene copolymer (EPE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (TPO); it should be noted that the material of the adhesive film layer 4 can also be a mixture of the above-mentioned adhesive film layer materials. Those skilled in the art can adjust the specific material of the adhesive film layer according to the actual production application requirements, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0032] In some embodiments, the phase change layer 2 is an adhesive layer with a phase change material uniformly distributed inside, and the thickness of the phase change layer 2 is 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm; the phase change material is uniformly distributed in the phase change layer 2 at a mass ratio of 0.1% to 15%; the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 20°C to 50°C. Preferably, the thickness of the phase change layer 2 is in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm; the amount of phase change material used is preferably 0.1% to 10% of the mass percentage of the adhesive film of the phase change layer 2. Specifically, taking 100 parts of adhesive film mass as an example, the amount of phase change material used is 0.1% to 10% of the mass percentage of the adhesive film of the phase change layer 2, that is, in the process of making the phase change layer 2, 0.1 parts to 10 parts of phase change material are added to 100 parts of adhesive film. Preferably, the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is preferably in the range of 30°C to 40°C. Those skilled in the art can adjust the amount of material used in the phase change layer and the phase change temperature range according to actual production and application needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0033] Furthermore, the phase change material is any one or a mixture of paraffin-based organic phase change materials, aliphatic organic phase change materials, and metal-modified oxide-based inorganic phase change materials. Specifically, when using paraffin-based organic phase change materials, n-octadecane, low-melting-point paraffin, etc., can be selected; when using aliphatic organic phase change materials, decanoic acid, lauric acid, etc., can be selected; when using metal-modified oxide-based inorganic phase change materials, vanadium dioxide (VO2), etc., can be selected. Alternatively, the phase change material can also be a mixture or doped phase change material in a preset ratio. For example, tungsten-modified vanadium dioxide with a phase change temperature of 40°C, tungsten-modified vanadium dioxide with a phase change temperature of 30°C, and tungsten-modified vanadium dioxide with a phase change temperature of 20°C can be mixed and doped in a 1:1:1 ratio, allowing the mixed or doped phase change material to respond to gradient changes in external temperature, thereby further enhancing the adaptability of photovoltaic modules to environmental temperature changes. Those skilled in the art can adjust the specific materials or doped materials used in the phase change layer and their proportions according to actual production and application needs; this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0034] In other embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heat-insulating glass layer 1 is a glass plate 104 coated with heat-insulating coating 103; the heat-insulating coating 103 is coated on the outer side of the glass plate 104; the outer side of the glass plate 104 is the side of the heat-insulating glass layer away from the battery cell string 3.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic module further includes an encapsulant layer 4 disposed between the heat-insulating glass layer 1 and the phase change layer 2; the encapsulant layer includes a first sub-encapsulant layer 4001 and a second sub-encapsulant layer 4002; the photovoltaic module includes, in sequence along a first direction, the heat-insulating glass layer 1, the first sub-encapsulant layer 4001, the phase change layer 2, the second sub-encapsulant layer 4002, and the heat-insulating glass layer 1; the first direction is perpendicular to the heat-insulating glass layer 1.

[0036] Furthermore, the heat-insulating coating 103 is a nano-coating containing titanium dioxide; the heat-insulating coating is applied to the outer side of the glass plate layer by any of the following methods: roller coating, brush coating, or spray coating, and cured on the outer side of the glass plate by any of the following methods: natural curing, heat curing, or ultraviolet curing. After the heat-insulating coating is applied to the outer side of the glass plate, the heat-insulating coating is fixed by drying and curing, thereby enhancing the stability of the heat-insulating coating. Since titanium dioxide can decompose organic pollutants, using a nano-coating containing titanium dioxide as a heat-insulating coating can further improve the cleanliness of the photovoltaic module surface while ensuring heat insulation. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can adjust the specific materials of the heat-insulating coating according to actual production and application needs, and can also adjust the specific method of how the heat-insulating coating is applied to the outer side of the glass plate, as long as the heat-insulating coating can be uniformly applied and fixed to the outer side of the glass plate, this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0037] In the embodiments of this utility model, since the glass layer on the outer side of the film layer includes nano-insulating materials, which have extremely low thermal conductivity, they can effectively block the transfer of heat from the external environment to the interior of the photovoltaic module, significantly reducing the impact of ambient temperature on the module temperature. This allows the photovoltaic module to maintain a relatively low and stable operating temperature range, reducing the rise in module temperature caused by increased ambient temperature, thereby alleviating the problem of decreased power generation efficiency caused by temperature rise and improving the working efficiency of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, although the added insulating material isolates the heat from the external environment, the photovoltaic module itself generates heat during operation, which is difficult to dissipate to the outside. Therefore, in this application, by adding a phase change material to the photovoltaic module, a phase change occurs when the temperature rises to a specific value, absorbing and storing a large amount of heat. This absorbs excess heat when the module temperature rises, preventing the module temperature from rising excessively and playing a cooling role. This avoids the reduction in working efficiency caused by excessively high internal temperature of the photovoltaic module, ensuring stable output of power generation efficiency.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects before and after it have an "or" relationship.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces). Additionally, the term "made of" can mean "comprising" or "consisting of". Furthermore, in subsequent manufacturing processes, one or more additional operations may occur during / between the described operations, and the order of operations may change.

[0042] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing this application, and in practical applications, various changes can be made to them in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Includes an insulating glass layer and a phase change layer; The phase change layer is an adhesive layer with phase change material uniformly distributed inside; the heat-insulating glass layer includes a glass plate layer and a heat-insulating layer; the glass plate layer covers the heat-insulating layer; the heat-insulating layer is an adhesive layer with nano heat-insulating material uniformly distributed inside; The heat-insulating glass layer covers the phase change layer; the phase change layer encapsulates a string of battery cells.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the insulation layer is 0.1mm to 1.5mm.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulation layer is made of any one of POE, EVA, EPE, PVB, and TPO. The nano-insulating material is any one of metal-modified titanium dioxide, tin-antimony oxide, or cesium-tungsten bronze.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the phase change layer is 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The phase change material is any one of the following: paraffin-based organic phase change materials, aliphatic organic phase change materials, or metal-modified oxide inorganic phase change materials.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-insulating glass layer is a glass plate coated with a heat-insulating coating; the heat-insulating coating is applied to the outer side of the glass plate; the outer side of the glass plate is the side of the heat-insulating glass layer away from the battery cell string.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes an adhesive film layer disposed between the heat-insulating glass layer and the phase change layer; The adhesive film layer includes a first sub-adhesive film layer and a second sub-adhesive film layer; The photovoltaic module comprises, in sequence along a first direction, the heat-insulating glass layer, the first sub-encapsulating film layer, the phase change layer, the second sub-encapsulating film layer, and the heat-insulating glass layer; the first direction is perpendicular to the heat-insulating glass layer.

8. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module further includes an encapsulant layer disposed between the heat insulation layer and the phase change layer; the encapsulant layer includes a first sub-encapsulant layer and a second sub-encapsulant layer; The heat insulation layer includes a first sub-heat insulation layer and a second sub-heat insulation layer; The photovoltaic module comprises, in sequence along a first direction, the glass plate layer, the first sub-insulation layer, the first sub-encapsulant layer, the phase change layer, the second sub-encapsulant layer, the second sub-insulation layer, and the glass plate layer; the first direction is perpendicular to the glass plate layer.

Images