Braking device and hoisting mechanism comprising same

Abstract

The application provides a brake device and a hoisting mechanism comprising the same. The brake device comprises a brake assembly and a brake control assembly. The brake assembly comprises a brake disc, a brake actuator and a brake driving mechanism. The brake disc is used to be fixedly connected with a free end of a winding drum. The brake driving mechanism drives the brake actuator to move along a first direction between a separation position and a brake position. The brake control assembly comprises a speed detection device used to detect a current rotating speed of the winding drum and a speed evaluation device. The speed evaluation device receives a detection signal output by the speed detection device and used to indicate the current rotating speed of the winding drum, and outputs a brake signal to close or open a power switch of the brake driving mechanism when the current rotating speed of the winding drum is greater than or equal to a speed threshold value, so that the brake driving mechanism drives the brake actuator to move from the separation position to the brake position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of crane technology, and more particularly to a braking device and a lifting mechanism including the same. Background Technology

[0002] The hoisting mechanism is driven by a hoisting motor via a coupling and a reducer, which in turn drives the drum to rotate. This causes the wire rope or cable wound on the drum to raise or lower the hook device. The braking of the hoisting mechanism relies entirely on the braking device of the hoisting motor. If the motor braking device, or the reducer or coupling, fails, the hoisting mechanism will lose effective braking, causing the heavy object to fall, posing a serious safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, this application provides a braking device and a lifting mechanism including the same. When the rotational speed of the drum exceeds a speed threshold, the braking device directly brakes the drum, thereby avoiding the risk of heavy objects falling due to drum stall.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a braking device for a hoisting mechanism is provided, the braking device comprising a braking assembly and a braking control assembly; wherein,

[0005] The braking assembly includes a brake disc, a brake actuator, and a brake drive mechanism. The brake disc is fixedly connected to the free end of the drum, and the brake drive mechanism drives the brake actuator to move along a first direction between a separation position and a braking position.

[0006] The braking control component includes:

[0007] A speed detection device, used to detect the current rotational speed of the drum;

[0008] A speed evaluation device has its input end connected to the speed detection device and its output end connected to the power switch of the brake drive mechanism. The speed evaluation device receives a detection signal output by the speed detection device to indicate the current rotational speed of the drum, and outputs a braking signal to close or open the power switch of the brake drive mechanism when the current rotational speed of the drum is greater than or equal to a speed threshold, so that the brake drive mechanism drives the brake actuator to move from the separation position to the braking position.

[0009] Optionally, the brake disc is welded to the free end of the drum.

[0010] Optionally, the brake disc is a disc, the brake disc is coaxially arranged with the drum, and the diameter of the brake disc is larger than the diameter of the drum.

[0011] Optionally, the brake disc is provided with light-transmitting holes, which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the brake disc; when the lifting mechanism is in the highest lifting position, the light-transmitting holes will not be blocked by the steel wire rope wound on the drum; and,

[0012] The speed detection device is a photoelectric sensor.

[0013] Optionally, the braking actuator includes two brake blocks, which are located on opposite sides of the brake disc along a first direction.

[0014] Optionally, the braking assembly includes two sets of braking actuators located on both sides of the brake disc along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0015] Optionally, the speed evaluation device includes a speed estimator and a control switch, wherein the control switch is an intermediate relay and a normally open switch, the input terminal of the control switch is connected to the output terminal of the speed estimator, and the output terminal is connected to the power switch of the braking drive mechanism; and,

[0016] When the current rotational speed of the drum is less than the speed threshold and the speed estimator is energized, the output terminal is energized, the auxiliary contact of the control switch closes to close the power switch of the brake drive mechanism, and the brake drive mechanism drives the brake actuator to remain in the disengaged position.

[0017] If the current rotational speed of the drum is greater than or equal to the speed threshold or the speed estimator is not powered, the output terminal is de-energized, the auxiliary contact of the control switch is disconnected to disconnect the power switch of the brake drive mechanism, and the brake drive mechanism drives the brake actuator to move from the separation position to the braking position under the action of the reset device.

[0018] Optionally, the braking drive mechanism is a hydraulic braking drive mechanism, which can be either a hydraulic or pneumatic braking drive mechanism, and the power switch of the braking drive mechanism is a solenoid valve; or,

[0019] The braking drive mechanism is an electromagnetic braking drive mechanism, and the power switch of the braking drive mechanism is an electromagnetic relay.

[0020] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a lifting mechanism is provided, which includes a braking device as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the braking device provided in this application directly brakes the drum when the drum speed exceeds the speed threshold, thereby avoiding the risk of heavy objects falling due to drum stall. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism in the prior art.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism that is an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of braking control of a braking device that is an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a speed evaluation apparatus as an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0026] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0027] 11: Hoisting motor;

[0028] 12: Speed ​​reducer;

[0029] 13: Roll;

[0030] 14: Steel wire rope;

[0031] 15: Hook device;

[0032] 21: Brake disc;

[0033] 211: Light-transmitting hole;

[0034] 22: Braking actuator;

[0035] 221: Brake block;

[0036] 23: Braking drive mechanism

[0037] 231: Power switch for brake drive mechanism

[0038] 31: Speed ​​detection device;

[0039] 32: Speed ​​evaluation device;

[0040] 321: Speed ​​estimator;

[0041] 3211: Output terminal;

[0042] 322: Control switch;

[0043] 91: First direction;

[0044] 92: Second direction; Detailed Implementation

[0045] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0046] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Where there is no conflict between the embodiments, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other. The steps in the following method embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the hoisting mechanism is driven by a hoisting motor 11 through a coupling and a reducer 12, which drives the drum 13 to rotate. This causes the wire rope 14 or cable wound on the drum 13 to lift or lower the hook device 15. The braking of the hoisting mechanism depends entirely on the braking device of the hoisting motor 11. If the motor braking device fails, or if the reducer or coupling fails, the hoisting mechanism will lose effective braking, causing the heavy object to fall, posing a serious safety hazard.

[0048] In view of this, this application provides a braking device and a lifting mechanism including the same. When the rotational speed of the drum exceeds a speed threshold, the braking device directly brakes the drum, thereby avoiding the risk of heavy objects falling due to drum stall.

[0049] The specific implementation of each embodiment of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Example 1 provides a braking device for a lifting mechanism, which includes a braking assembly and a braking control assembly. The braking assembly includes a brake disc 21, a brake actuator 22, and a brake drive mechanism 23. Figure 2As shown, the brake disc 21 is fixedly connected to the free end of the drum 13. The brake drive mechanism 23 drives the brake actuator 22 to move between a disengaged position and a braking position along a first direction 91, where the first direction 91 is the axial direction of the drum 13. When the brake actuator 22 is in the disengaged position, a predetermined gap is maintained between the brake actuator 22 and the brake disc 21, allowing the drum 13 to rotate freely. When the brake actuator 22 is in the braking position, it contacts the brake disc 21, thereby braking the drum 13. The brake control assembly includes a speed detection device 31 and a speed evaluation device 32. The input end of the speed evaluation device 32 is connected to the speed detection device 31, and the output end is connected to the power switch 231 of the brake drive mechanism. The speed detection device 31 is used to detect the current rotational speed of the drum 13 and output it to the speed evaluation device 32. The speed evaluation device 32 receives a detection signal from the speed detection device 31 indicating the current rotational speed of the drum 13, and outputs a braking signal when the current rotational speed of the drum 13 is greater than a speed threshold to close or open the power switch 231 of the braking drive mechanism, so that the braking drive mechanism 23 drives the braking actuator 22 to move from the disengaged position to the braking position, thereby achieving braking of the drum 13. Figure 3 As shown.

[0052] For example, in one embodiment, a braking signal is used to close the power switch 231 of the braking drive mechanism, which, under the action of a power source (such as hydraulic oil, air source or electricity), drives the braking actuator 22 to move from the separated position to the braking position.

[0053] In another embodiment, the braking signal is used to disconnect the power switch 231 of the braking drive mechanism, and the braking drive mechanism drives the braking actuator 22 to move from the disconnected position to the braking position under the action of its reset device.

[0054] Under normal operating conditions, the current rotational speed of the drum 13 is less than the speed threshold, the brake actuator 22 remains in the disengaged position, and the drum 13 rotates freely. In the event of a malfunction in the braking device of the hoisting motor 11, or a malfunction in the reducer or coupling, the load falls, the drum 13 stalls, and the rotational speed of the drum 13 becomes greater than or equal to the speed threshold. At this time, the speed assessment device 32 outputs a braking signal, causing the brake drive mechanism 23 to drive the brake actuator 22 to move closer to the brake disc 21 until it reaches the braking position, thereby achieving braking of the drum 13 and avoiding the risk of the load falling.

[0055] The power source for the brake drive mechanism 23 can be pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric. For example, in pneumatic and hydraulic braking systems, the brake signal can control the on / off state of the solenoid valve, thereby opening or cutting off the supply of air or hydraulic oil.

[0056] In some embodiments, the brake disc 21 is welded to the free end of the drum 13 to improve the connection strength between the two.

[0057] In some embodiments, the brake disc 21 is a disc, coaxially arranged with the drum 13, and the diameter of the brake disc 21 is larger than the diameter of the drum 13, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0058] In some embodiments, the brake disc 21 is provided with light-transmitting holes 211 evenly arranged along the circumference of the brake disc 21, such as... Figure 2 As shown. When the lifting mechanism is in the highest lifting position, the light-transmitting hole 211 will not be blocked by the wire rope 14 wound on the drum 13 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the brake disc 21. Furthermore, the speed detection device 31 is a photoelectric sensor, which is located on one side of the brake disc 21 along the first direction 91, for example, on the side away from the drum 13. Figure 2 As shown. By setting a light-transmitting hole 211 on the brake disc 21, and in conjunction with a photoelectric sensor, the rotational speed of the drum 13 can be measured in real time.

[0059] In some embodiments, the braking actuator 22 includes two brake blocks 221, which are respectively located on both sides of the brake disc 21 along the first direction 91, such as... Figure 3 As shown. During braking, the two brake blocks 221 simultaneously approach the brake disc 21 from opposite sides and apply pressure, thereby improving the total braking force and braking stability.

[0060] In some embodiments, the braking assembly includes two sets of braking actuators 22, located on either side of the brake disc 21 along a second direction 92, the second direction 92 being perpendicular to the first direction 91, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0061] The lifting mechanism has a large load capacity, requiring strong braking force to stop it quickly. In this embodiment, by configuring two sets of braking actuators 22, the braking force is significantly increased. The two sets of braking actuators 22 apply braking force to the brake disc 21 from both sides, which makes the force on the brake disc 21 more even and improves the stability of braking. Furthermore, when one set of braking actuators 22 fails (such as severe wear of the friction material, jamming, etc.), the other set can still work normally, ensuring basic braking function, thus achieving redundancy.

[0062] In some embodiments, the speed evaluation device 32 includes a speed evaluator 321 and a control switch 322. The control switch 322 is an intermediate relay and a normally open switch. The input terminal of the control switch 322 is connected to the output terminal 3211 of the speed evaluator 321, and its output terminal is connected to the power switch 231 of the braking drive mechanism. Figure 4 As shown. When the current rotational speed of the drum 13 is less than the speed threshold and the speed evaluator 321 is energized, the output terminal 3211 is energized, the auxiliary contact of the control switch 322 closes to close the power switch 231 of the brake drive mechanism, and the brake drive mechanism 23 drives the brake actuator 22 to remain in the disengaged position. When the current rotational speed of the drum 13 is greater than or equal to the speed threshold or the speed evaluator 321 is not energized, the output terminal 3211 is de-energized, the auxiliary contact of the control switch 322 opens to disconnect the power source of the brake drive mechanism 23, and the brake drive mechanism 23 drives the brake actuator 22 to move from the disengaged position to the braking position under the action of the reset device. The speed evaluation device 32 also includes a reset button. When the output terminal 3211 is in a de-energized state, the output terminal can only be restored to an energized state when the reset button is triggered, thereby avoiding the cancellation of braking due to the output terminal 3211 being energized when the drum speed drops below the speed threshold during braking.

[0063] In this embodiment, when the current rotational speed of the drum 13 is greater than or equal to the speed threshold or the speed estimator 321 is not powered, the power switch 231 of the brake drive mechanism is disconnected. The braking action is triggered only by the reset device, reducing the possibility of malfunctioning braking due to external factors such as electrical interference or signal errors. When a system malfunction occurs, such as an unexpected power interruption, the reset device can automatically drive the brake actuator 22 to operate, allowing the equipment to quickly enter the braking state. For example, during crane operation, if a sudden power outage occurs, the braking system driven by the reset device will immediately take effect to prevent heavy objects from falling and avoid personal injury and property damage.

[0064] In one embodiment, the braking drive mechanism is a hydraulic braking drive mechanism or a pneumatic braking drive mechanism, and the power switch 231 of the braking drive mechanism is a solenoid valve.

[0065] In another embodiment, the braking drive mechanism is an electromagnetic braking drive mechanism, and the power switch 231 of the braking drive mechanism is an electromagnetic relay.

[0066] Taking the hydraulic brake drive mechanism as an example, when the rotational speed of the drum 13 is greater than or equal to the speed threshold, the output terminal 3211 of the speed evaluator 321 is de-energized, the electromagnetic coil of the control switch 322 is de-energized, the auxiliary contact of the control switch 322 is disconnected, thereby disconnecting the power switch 231 of the brake drive mechanism. Under the action of the reset device, the brake drive mechanism 23 drives the brake actuator 22 to move from the separation position to the braking position.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] Example 2 provides a lifting mechanism that includes the braking device from each embodiment of Example 1. Therefore, the lifting mechanism possesses all the beneficial effects of any of the above-described braking devices, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0069] In this patent application, nouns and pronouns relating to people are not limited to specific genders.

[0070] The present invention has been shown and described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these disclosed embodiments. Based on the above multiple embodiments, those skilled in the art will know that more embodiments of the present invention can be obtained by combining the code review methods in the different embodiments above. These embodiments are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A braking device for a lifting mechanism, characterized in that, The braking device includes a braking assembly and a braking control assembly; wherein... The braking assembly includes a brake disc (21), a braking actuator (22), and a braking drive mechanism (23). The brake disc (21) is fixedly connected to the free end of the drum (13), and the braking drive mechanism (23) drives the braking actuator (22) to move along a first direction (91) between a separation position and a braking position. The braking control component includes: Speed ​​detection device (31) is used to detect the current rotational speed of the drum (13); A speed evaluation device (32) has its input end connected to the speed detection device (31) and its output end connected to the power switch (231) of the brake drive mechanism. The speed evaluation device (32) receives a detection signal output by the speed detection device (31) to indicate the current rotational speed of the drum (13), and outputs a braking signal to close or open the power switch (231) of the brake drive mechanism when the current rotational speed of the drum (13) is greater than or equal to the speed threshold, so that the brake drive mechanism (23) drives the brake actuator (22) to move from the separation position to the braking position.

2. The braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The brake disc (21) is welded to the free end of the drum (13).

3. The braking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The brake disc (21) is a disc, and the brake disc (21) is coaxially arranged with the drum (13). The diameter of the brake disc (21) is larger than the diameter of the drum (13).

4. The braking device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The brake disc (21) is provided with light-transmitting holes (211), which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the brake disc (21); when the lifting mechanism is in the highest lifting position, the light-transmitting holes (211) will not be blocked by the steel wire rope (14) wound on the drum (13); and, The speed detection device (31) is a photoelectric sensor.

5. The braking device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The braking actuator (22) includes two brake blocks (221), which are located on both sides of the brake disc (21) along the first direction (91).

6. The braking device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The braking assembly includes two sets of braking actuators (22), which are located on both sides of the brake disc (21) along a second direction (92), the second direction (92) being perpendicular to the first direction (91).

7. The braking device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The speed evaluation device (32) includes a speed evaluator (321) and a control switch (322). The control switch (322) is an intermediate relay and a normally open switch. The input terminal of the control switch (322) is connected to the output terminal (3211) of the speed evaluator (321), and the output terminal is connected to the power switch (231) of the braking drive mechanism. When the current rotational speed of the drum (13) is less than the speed threshold and the speed evaluator (321) is energized, the output terminal (3211) is energized, the auxiliary contact of the control switch (322) closes to close the power switch (231) of the brake drive mechanism, and the brake drive mechanism (23) drives the brake actuator (22) to move to or remain in the disengaged position. If the current rotational speed of the drum (13) is greater than or equal to the speed threshold or the speed evaluator (321) is not powered, the output terminal (3211) is de-energized, the auxiliary contact of the control switch (322) is disconnected to disconnect the power switch (231) of the brake drive mechanism, and the brake drive mechanism (23) drives the brake actuator (22) to move from the separation position to the braking position under the action of the reset device.

8. The braking device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The braking drive mechanism (23) is a hydraulic braking drive mechanism or a pneumatic braking drive mechanism, and the power switch (231) of the braking drive mechanism is a solenoid valve; or, The braking drive mechanism (23) is an electromagnetic braking drive mechanism, and the power switch (231) of the braking drive mechanism is an electromagnetic relay.

9. A lifting mechanism, characterized in that, Includes the braking device as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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