Oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting apparatus

Abstract

This utility model discloses an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting device, comprising: a reduction furnace body, which consists of a hearth, a furnace body, and a furnace top from bottom to top. The furnace body is composed of three layers of copper water jackets. The side wall of the bottom layer of the copper water jacket has several primary tuyer ...

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of non-ferrous metal smelting technology, and in particular to an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting device. Background Technology

[0002] Lead-antimony complex ores (such as brittle sulfur lead-antimony concentrate) are complex minerals in which lead and antimony coexist in solid solution form. Their comprehensive recovery and utilization are difficult, and traditional smelting processes have many problems. The early fluidized bed roasting desulfurization-blast furnace sintering-blast furnace reduction smelting process has problems such as incomplete desulfurization, low sulfur content in roasting flue gas making it difficult to produce acid, low sulfur resource utilization, and serious environmental pollution. In addition, the lead-antimony separation efficiency is low, the production environment is harsh, and the production efficiency is not high.

[0003] With the application of oxygen-enriched smelting technology in the smelting of heavy metals such as copper and lead, although equipment such as bottom-blown furnaces, side-blown furnaces (such as the Vanyukov furnace), and top-blown furnaces have emerged, industrial-scale breakthroughs in smelting technology for lead-antimony composite ores have yet to be achieved. In existing technologies, the oxidation smelting and rich slag reduction of lead-antimony composite ores are mostly completed in stages in a single furnace or dispersed in multiple furnaces, resulting in problems such as long process, high energy consumption, many intermediate products, low metal recovery rate, and complex operation. Furthermore, it is difficult to solve problems such as low-sulfur flue gas pollution and poor production continuity caused by unstable slag properties.

[0004] To achieve efficient and clean smelting of lead-antimony composite ore, there is an urgent need for an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment that can adapt to continuous reduction of liquid high-lead slag, enhance lead-antimony metal recovery, and reduce energy consumption and pollution. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting apparatus to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting apparatus, comprising:

[0007] The reduction furnace body consists of a furnace cylinder, a furnace body, and a furnace top, arranged from bottom to top. The furnace body is composed of three layers of copper water jackets. The bottom layer of the copper water jacket has several primary air inlets on its side wall, and the top layer of the copper water jacket has several secondary air inlets on its side wall. The furnace top has a feeding port and a flue gas outlet.

[0008] A temperature monitoring unit is arranged inside the furnace body;

[0009] A pressure monitoring unit is arranged inside the furnace body;

[0010] The control system, wherein both the temperature monitoring unit and the pressure monitoring unit are connected to the control system.

[0011] The primary air inlet is used to blow oxygen-enriched air into the molten slag layer inside the furnace body, and the secondary air inlet is used to blow air into the furnace body.

[0012] The furnace hearth is equipped with a lead outlet.

[0013] The siphon chamber is connected to the lower part of the furnace side wall.

[0014] The oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment provided by this utility model also includes a base frame and a steel frame. The base frame is arranged on the ground, the steel frame is built on the base frame, and the hearth is built on the steel frame.

[0015] According to the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment provided by this utility model, the hearth is constructed of water-resistant material blocks.

[0016] According to the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment provided by this utility model, the temperature monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor, and several sets of the temperature sensor are arranged inside the furnace body.

[0017] According to the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment provided by this utility model, the pressure monitoring unit includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged in the flue gas outlet section.

[0018] According to the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment provided by this utility model, a chute is installed at the top of the side wall of the furnace body, and the chute is used to connect to the oxidation furnace.

[0019] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0020] The primary tuyer blows oxygen-enriched air into the molten slag layer, while the secondary tuyer blows air into the furnace body, providing a sufficient and phased oxygen supply for the smelting reaction. This ample oxygen allows the metal oxides in the material to undergo oxidation-reduction reactions more rapidly and fully, accelerating the reaction rate, thereby shortening the overall smelting time, increasing the material throughput per unit time, and significantly improving production efficiency.

[0021] The temperature and pressure monitoring units monitor the temperature and pressure changes inside the furnace in real time and transmit the data to the control system. The control system analyzes and judges the monitoring data according to preset parameters, and adjusts the amount and ratio of primary and secondary air inflow, as well as the suction force of the flue gas outlet, in a timely manner. This enables precise control of the reaction temperature and pressure inside the furnace, providing a stable and suitable environment for metal reduction and smelting, which is conducive to obtaining products with uniform composition and stable quality.

[0022] A well-designed tuyer arrangement and airflow control ensure thorough mixing and reaction of materials within the furnace, facilitating effective separation of metals from impurities. Simultaneously, a stable smelting environment reduces the generation and contamination of impurities caused by temperature and pressure fluctuations, thereby improving product purity.

[0023] The introduction of oxygen-enriched air improves combustion efficiency, allowing the fuel to burn more completely and releasing more heat, thereby reducing fuel consumption. At the same time, precise temperature and pressure control avoids energy waste and lowers energy costs in the production process.

[0024] This invention adapts to the smelting of different types and compositions of materials by adjusting the blowing parameters of primary and secondary air, as well as the feeding method. It can effectively smelt materials with high lead content or complex materials containing many other impurities, demonstrating strong versatility and adaptability.

[0025] The control system can adjust the reaction conditions inside the furnace in a timely manner according to production needs and material changes. Operators can flexibly control the smelting process according to the actual situation, which facilitates process optimization and adjustment and improves the flexibility and controllability of production. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment of this utility model.

[0028] The components are: 1. Hearth; 2. Furnace body; 3. Furnace top; 4. Primary air inlet; 5. Secondary air inlet; 6. Feeding port; 7. Flue gas outlet; 8. Lead outlet; 9. Siphon chamber; 10. Chute. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 This utility model provides an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting apparatus, comprising:

[0032] The reduction furnace body consists of a furnace hearth 1, a furnace body 2, and a furnace top 3 from bottom to top. The furnace body 2 is composed of three layers of copper water jackets. Several primary air inlets 4 are opened on the side wall of the bottom layer of copper water jacket, and several secondary air inlets 5 are opened on the side wall of the top layer of copper water jacket. The furnace top 3 is provided with a charging port 6 and a flue gas outlet 7.

[0033] Temperature monitoring unit, which is located inside furnace body 2;

[0034] Pressure monitoring unit, which is located inside furnace body 2;

[0035] The control system, temperature monitoring unit, and pressure monitoring unit are all connected to the control system.

[0036] Among them, the primary air inlet 4 is used to blow oxygen-enriched air into the molten slag layer inside the furnace body 2, and the secondary air inlet 5 is used to blow air into the furnace body 2.

[0037] The furnace hearth 1 is equipped with a lead inlet 8;

[0038] The siphon chamber 9 is connected to the lower part of the side wall of the furnace body 2.

[0039] During the preparation phase, a comprehensive inspection of the equipment is required to ensure that the furnace hearth 1, furnace body 2, and furnace top 3 of the reduction furnace are structurally intact, and that all connections at the tuyeres, feed inlets 6, exhaust outlets 7, lead outlets 8, and siphon chamber 9 are well-sealed and free of blockages. Simultaneously, the temperature and pressure monitoring units are tested to ensure accurate measurement of data within the furnace body 2 and stable transmission to the control system. Then, appropriate temperature, pressure, and other parameters are set in the system based on material characteristics and process requirements.

[0040] During charging, the materials to be smelted are added in proportion and sequence through the charging port 6 on the top of the furnace, and the charging speed is controlled to avoid affecting the reaction inside the furnace.

[0041] Entering the smelting stage, the initial smelting begins. Oxygen-enriched air is blown into the molten slag layer through the primary air inlet 4 on the side wall of the bottom copper jacket. This causes some of the metal oxides in the material to undergo oxidation-reduction reactions, generating heat and gradually melting to form a melt. At this time, the temperature and pressure monitoring unit operates in real time, transmitting data to the control system. If the temperature is low, the system increases the oxygen content or the blowing rate of the primary air; if the pressure is abnormal, the primary air blowing speed or the suction force of the exhaust port 7 is adjusted.

[0042] As the reaction proceeds, the smelting intensification stage begins. Air is blown in through the secondary air inlet 5 on the side wall of the top copper jacket to further supplement oxygen, promoting complete combustion and reaction of the materials, and making the smelting more intense and thorough. During this process, monitoring and adjustment are continuously carried out. The control system adjusts the ratio of primary and secondary air intake according to temperature changes and optimizes the suction of the exhaust port 7 according to pressure changes to ensure stable smelting.

[0043] During the product separation stage of smelting, due to the high density of lead, the reduced liquid lead settles into the hearth 1 and is discharged from the lead outlet 8 after accumulating to a certain amount. The slag produced by smelting is located in the upper layer of the furnace body 2 and is discharged through the siphon chamber 9 connected to the lower side wall of the furnace body 2 using the siphon principle. The discharged slag can be further recycled for valuable metals or treated to render it harmless. At the same time, the flue gas produced by smelting is discharged from the flue gas outlet 7 at the top of the furnace 3. After being treated by the flue gas treatment system for dust removal, desulfurization, and denitrification, it is discharged after meeting the standards, reducing environmental pollution.

[0044] After one batch of materials is smelted, the furnace enters the shutdown and maintenance phase. The supply of primary and secondary air is stopped, all openings are closed, and the furnace temperature is allowed to drop to a safe range. During this process, the equipment is thoroughly inspected and maintained, and residual impurities and ash inside the furnace are cleaned to prepare for the next batch of materials to be smelted.

[0045] Further optimization of the plan also includes a base frame and a steel frame. The base frame is placed on the ground, and the steel frame is built on the base frame. The hearth 1 is built on the steel frame.

[0046] The design was further optimized so that the hearth 1 was constructed from water-resistant material blocks.

[0047] Further optimization of the scheme: the temperature monitoring unit includes temperature sensors, and several sets of temperature sensors are arranged inside the furnace body 2.

[0048] The design has been further optimized. The pressure monitoring unit includes a pressure sensor, which is located in part 7 of the smoke exhaust port.

[0049] The design has been further optimized by installing a chute 10 at the top of the side wall of the furnace body 2. The chute 10 is used to connect to the oxidation furnace.

[0050] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting apparatus, characterized in that, include: The reduction furnace body consists of a furnace cylinder (1), a furnace body (2) and a furnace top (3) from bottom to top. The furnace body (2) is composed of three layers of copper water jackets. The bottom layer of the copper water jacket has several primary air inlets (4) on its side wall, and the top layer of the copper water jacket has several secondary air inlets (5) on its side wall. The furnace top (3) has a feeding port (6) and a flue gas outlet (7). Temperature monitoring unit, the temperature monitoring unit is arranged inside the furnace body (2); A pressure monitoring unit is arranged inside the furnace body (2); The control system, wherein both the temperature monitoring unit and the pressure monitoring unit are connected to the control system. The primary air inlet (4) is used to blow oxygen-rich air into the molten slag layer inside the furnace body (2), and the secondary air inlet (5) is used to blow air into the furnace body (2). The furnace hearth (1) is provided with a lead outlet (8); The furnace body (2) is connected to the siphon chamber (9) at the lower part of its side wall.

2. The oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a base frame and a steel frame, the base frame being arranged on the ground, the steel frame being erected on the base frame, and the furnace hearth (1) being erected on the steel frame.

3. The oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace hearth (1) is constructed of water-resistant material blocks.

4. The oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature monitoring unit includes temperature sensors, and several sets of temperature sensors are arranged inside the furnace body (2).

5. The oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure monitoring unit includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged in the exhaust port (7).

6. The oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A chute (10) is installed at the top of the side wall of the furnace body (2), and the chute (10) is used to connect to the oxidation furnace.

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