Breeding device for pear tree planting
By designing a breeding device with multi-directional adjustable light components, a temperature and humidity linkage adjustment module, and a root system aeration and circulation structure, the deficiencies in light, air, and temperature and humidity regulation in pear tree breeding have been solved, enabling precise control of pear seedlings and meeting their growth needs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEBEI AGRICULTURAL UNIV.
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing breeding equipment cannot meet the needs of pear seedlings for multi-angle light regulation, balance of root aeration and water retention, and insufficient precision in temperature and humidity regulation.
A breeding device was designed, comprising a pull-out seedling unit, a multi-directional adjustable light component, a temperature and humidity linkage adjustment module, and a root aeration and circulation structure. This device enables multi-dimensional adjustment of light direction and intensity, and, combined with intelligent linkage control of temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration, ensures root aeration and water retention through ventilation holes and airflow channels.
It enables precise control of light, air circulation, temperature, and humidity for pear tree breeding, solving the problems of excessive growth and root waterlogging and oxygen deficiency in pear seedlings. It is easy to operate and meets the needs of pear trees at different growth stages.
Smart Images
Figure CN224482350U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of fruit tree breeding equipment, specifically to a breeding device for pear tree planting. Background Technology
[0002] In pear tree breeding, the requirements of seedlings for light angle, root aeration, and temperature and humidity fluctuation range are significantly different from those of other fruit trees: seedlings require periodic adjustments to light direction to prevent excessive vegetative growth; their roots are sensitive to waterlogging and require frequent, micro-aeration; and the temperature and humidity thresholds differ greatly between dormancy and growth periods. Existing breeding equipment is mostly general-purpose, with problems such as fixed light direction, difficulty in balancing root aeration and water retention, and insufficient precision in temperature and humidity regulation, making it unsuitable for the specific needs of pear tree breeding. Utility Model Content
[0003] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are mainly reflected in the following aspects: The purpose of this utility model is to provide a breeding device for pear tree planting, which solves the problem that the prior art cannot meet the requirements of pear seedlings for multi-angle light adjustment, precise root aeration and water retention, and intelligent linkage control of temperature and humidity through structural innovation.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0005] A breeding device for pear tree cultivation includes a breeding box, a pull-out seedling unit, a multi-directional adjustable light component, a temperature and humidity linkage adjustment module, and a root system aeration and circulation structure.
[0006] The pull-out seedling unit includes multiple seedling trays, with seedling troughs fixedly connected to the trays, and ventilation holes at the bottom of the troughs.
[0007] The multi-directional dimmable assembly includes a top wall light, side wall lights, and a bottom light; the top wall light is fixedly connected to the top of the inside of the breeding box, multiple sets of side wall lights are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the breeding box respectively, and the bottom light is rotatably connected to the bottom layer of the breeding box.
[0008] The temperature and humidity linkage control module includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a ventilation fan, a semiconductor cooler, and a humidifier; the temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly connected to the top inside the breeding box, multiple ventilation fans are slidably connected to the left and right side walls of the breeding box, multiple semiconductor coolers are fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the breeding box, and the humidifier is fixedly connected to the bottom layer of the breeding box.
[0009] The root system aeration and circulation structure includes aeration holes at the bottom of the seedling trough, which are fixedly connected to a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is fixedly connected to a horizontal airflow channel, and the horizontal airflow channel is detachably connected to a vertical airflow channel. The vertical airflow channel is fixedly connected to the bottom aeration chamber. A micro air pump is installed inside the airflow channel, and the micro air pump is electrically connected to a timer.
[0010] Temperature and humidity sensors, ventilation fans, semiconductor coolers, humidifiers, and timers are all electrically connected to a controller located inside the breeding chamber.
[0011] Furthermore, the breeding box is hollow inside with an opening on the front, and has multiple U-shaped grooves in the vertical direction inside. A sealing door is hinged to the box wall near the opening of the breeding box. The sealing door is equipped with an observation window, a display screen, and a switch. The observation window is located in the upper middle part of the sealing door, the display screen is located below the observation window, and the switch is located in the lower right corner of the sealing door. Both the display screen and the switch are electrically connected to the controller.
[0012] Furthermore, the seedling tray is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the breeding box; the edge of the seedling tray is provided with a water guide groove, and the water guide groove extends along the axial end of the rear side wall of the breeding box with a water guide hole. The two vertical water guide holes are connected by a water collection pipe, which is fixedly connected to a water collection box located near the bottom of the breeding box. The water collection box is connected to the waste liquid recovery box on the outer side wall of the breeding box through a pipe.
[0013] Furthermore, the inner wall of the seedling trough is provided with spiral guide strips, the height of which is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the trough depth, and the surface of the strips is coated with a water-retaining gel layer.
[0014] Furthermore, the spectral wavelengths of the top wall lights, side wall lights, and bottom lights are adjustable in the range of 380-780nm, and the illuminance is adjustable in the range of 5000-20000 lux.
[0015] Furthermore, the temperature and humidity linkage control module also includes a CO2 concentration sensor located on the top of the enclosure.
[0016] Furthermore, a liquid level sensor is installed inside the water collection box, and a filter layer is installed on the top of the waste liquid recovery tank.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
[0018] 1. Targeted adaptation to pear tree breeding needs: Three-dimensional adjustment of light direction, spectrum, and intensity is achieved through top lights, side wall lights, and bottom lights to solve the problem of excessive growth in pear seedlings;
[0019] 2. Precise control of root environment: Conical seedling trough + spiral ridges + timed ventilation structure, balance water retention and ventilation, and avoid water accumulation and oxygen deficiency in pear tree roots;
[0020] 3. Intelligent linkage regulation: Temperature, humidity and CO2 concentration are linked for control, which meets the different threshold requirements of 5-10℃ during the dormant period and 20-28℃ during the growing period of pear trees;
[0021] 4. Easy to operate: The pull-out tray makes it easy to change seedlings, and the design of the liquid collection box and observation window can simplify the management process. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sealing door of this utility model when it is closed;
[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model without the pull-out seedling unit and the root ventilation and circulation structure.
[0026] Figure 5 This is a front view of the overall structure of this utility model without the pull-out seedling unit and the root ventilation and circulation structure.
[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the pull-out seedling unit and the root ventilation and circulation structure of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pull-out seedling unit of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 8 This is a top view of the pull-out seedling unit structure of this utility model.
[0030] In the diagram, the reference numerals are as follows: 1. Breeding box; 11. U-shaped chute; 12. Sealed door; 13. Observation window; 14. Display screen; 15. Switch button; 2. Pull-out seedling unit; 21. Seedling tray; 22. Seedling trough; 221. Ventilation hole; 23. Water guide trough; 24. Water guide hole; 25. Water collection pipe; 26. Water collection box; 27. Waste liquid recovery box; 3. Multi-directional dimmable component; 31. Top wall light; 32. Side wall light; 33. Bottom light; 4. Temperature and humidity linkage adjustment module; 41. Temperature and humidity sensor; 42. Ventilation fan; 43. Semiconductor cooler; 44. Humidifier; 5. Root system ventilation and circulation structure; 51. Connecting pipe; 52. Airflow channel; 53. Aeration chamber. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0032] Please see Figure 1-2 A breeding device for pear tree planting includes a breeding box 1, a pull-out seedling unit 2, a multi-directional adjustable light component 3, a temperature and humidity linkage adjustment module 4, and a root system air circulation structure 5.
[0033] The pull-out seedling unit 2 includes multiple seedling trays 21, with seedling troughs 22 fixedly connected to each tray. The inner wall of each trough has spiral-shaped guide strips, the height of which is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the trough depth. The surface of the guide strips is coated with a water-retaining gel layer. Ventilation holes 221 are provided at the bottom of each trough. The seedling trays 21 are slidably connected to the inner cavity of the breeding box 1 via U-shaped grooves 11. Water guide channels 23 are provided along the edge of each seedling tray 21, extending along the rear side of the breeding box 1. A water guide hole 24 is provided at the axial end of the wall extension. The two vertical water guide holes 24 are connected by a water collection pipe 25. The water collection pipe 25 is fixedly connected to a water collection box 26 located near the bottom of the breeding box 1. The water collection box 26 is connected to a waste liquid recovery box 27 on the outer wall of the breeding box 1 through a pipe. A liquid level sensor is provided in the water collection box 26. When the liquid level reaches a preset value, the waste liquid is automatically discharged to the waste liquid recovery box 27 outside the box through the pipe. A filter layer is provided on the top of the waste liquid recovery box 27.
[0034] The multi-directional dimmable light assembly 3 includes a top wall light 31, side wall lights 32, and a bottom light 33. The top wall light 31 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the breeding box 1. Multiple sets of side wall lights 32 are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the breeding box 1, respectively. The bottom light 33 is rotatably connected to the bottom layer of the breeding box 1. The side wall lights and the bottom light can rotate at an angle of 0 to 45°. The spectral wavelengths of the top wall light 31, side wall lights 32, and bottom light 33 are adjustable in the range of 380-780nm, and the light intensity is adjustable in the range of 5000-20000lux.
[0035] The temperature and humidity linkage control module 4 includes a temperature and humidity sensor 41, a ventilation fan 42, a semiconductor cooler 43, and a humidifier 44. The temperature and humidity sensor 41 is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the breeding chamber 1. Multiple sets of ventilation fans 42 are slidably connected to the left and right side walls of the breeding chamber 1, and multiple sets of semiconductor coolers 43 are fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the breeding chamber 1. The humidifier 44 is fixedly connected to the bottom layer of the breeding chamber 1. The temperature and humidity linkage control module 4 also includes a CO2 concentration sensor located at the top of the chamber. The CO2 concentration sensor can be linked with the ventilation fan, automatically turning on the ventilation fan to replenish air when the CO2 concentration is below 300ppm.
[0036] The root system aeration and circulation structure 5 includes an aeration hole 221 at the bottom of the seedling trough 22. The aeration hole 221 is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 51. The connecting pipe 51 is fixedly connected to the horizontal airflow channel 52. The horizontal airflow channel 52 is detachably connected to the vertical airflow channel 52. The vertical airflow channel 52 is fixedly connected to the bottom aeration chamber 53. A micro air pump is installed in the airflow channel 52. The micro air pump is electrically connected to the timer.
[0037] Temperature and humidity sensor 41, ventilation fan 42, semiconductor cooler 43, humidifier 44 and timer are all electrically connected to the controller installed inside the breeding box 1.
[0038] The breeding box 1 is hollow inside with an opening on the front. Multiple U-shaped grooves 11 are provided vertically inside the breeding box 1. A sealing door 12 is hinged to the box wall near the opening side of the breeding box 1. The sealing door 12 is equipped with an observation window 13, a display screen 14, and a switch 15. The observation window 13 is located in the upper middle part of the sealing door 12, the display screen 14 is located below the observation window 13, and the switch 15 is located in the lower right corner of the sealing door 12. Both the display screen 14 and the switch 15 are electrically connected to the controller. The display screen 14 is a touch screen, allowing users to set various parameters. In this patented technical solution, the temperature and humidity sensor, CO2 concentration sensor, ventilation fan, semiconductor cooler, humidifier, timer, and display screen technologies are all existing technologies and not the key improvements of this utility model; therefore, they will not be elaborated upon here.
[0039] Specifically, the breeding box 1 has a rectangular structure: 80cm long × 60cm wide × 100cm high, with an outer layer of 5cm thick polystyrene board and an inner layer of 2mm thick polylactic acid film. The pull-out tray 2 is a 3-layer polypropylene tray, with 24 seedling troughs 22 in each layer. The seedling trough 22 is a frustum-shaped cone with an upper diameter of 8cm, a lower diameter of 4cm, and a depth of 10cm. The bottom of the trough has 6 0.8mm ventilation holes 221.
[0040] The top wall light 31 is a 30cm×60cm LED light panel with a power of 30W; there are a total of 6 side wall lights 32, divided into three groups. The two side wall lights 32 in each group are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the breeding box 1 above the pull-out seedling unit 2, respectively. The angle can be adjusted from 0 to 45° through the rotating shaft. The side wall lights 32 are 10cm×50cm LED light strips with a power of 15W; the bottom light 33 is rotatably connected to the bottom layer of the breeding box 1. The angle can be adjusted from 0 to 45° through the rotating shaft. The bottom light 33 is a 20cm×60cm LED light strip with a power of 20W.
[0041] The temperature and humidity sensor 41, model SHT30, is installed at the center of the top of the enclosure; the controller, model STM32F103, is fixed inside the enclosure; the semiconductor cooler 43 has three 50W units, each fixedly connected to the rear wall of the breeding box 1 above the pull-out seedling unit 2; the humidifier 44 is an ultrasonic humidifier with a capacity of 1L; there are a total of six ventilation fans 42, divided into three groups, with two fans in each group slidably connected to the left and right side walls of the breeding box 1 above the pull-out seedling unit 2, each with an airflow of 100m³ / h. 3 / h. The airflow channel 52 is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 5cm. The miniature air pump model is ACO-001, and the timer controls the operating frequency of the air pump.
[0042] When using, sow pear seeds into the substrate in the seedling trough 22 and adjust according to the growth stage: seedling stage (0-30 days) turn on full spectrum, side wall lamp 32 horizontal, temperature controlled at 20-25℃, humidity 60-70%, air pump ventilates for 5 minutes per hour; mature seedling stage (30-90 days) switch to red light mode, side wall lamp 32 angle 45°, temperature controlled at 25-28℃, humidity 50-60%, air pump ventilates for 8 minutes per hour.
[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A breeding device for pear tree cultivation, characterized in that: It includes a breeding box (1), a pull-out seedling unit (2), a multi-directional adjustable light component (3), a temperature and humidity linkage adjustment module (4), and a root system aeration and circulation structure (5). The pull-out seedling unit (2) includes multiple seedling trays (21), and a seedling trough (22) is fixedly connected to the seedling tray (21). The bottom of the seedling trough (22) is provided with ventilation holes (221). The multi-directional dimmable component (3) includes a top wall light (31), side wall lights (32) and a bottom light (33); the top wall light (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the breeding box (1), the multiple sets of side wall lights (32) are rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the breeding box (1) respectively, and the bottom light (33) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the breeding box (1) near the bottom layer; The temperature and humidity linkage adjustment module (4) includes a temperature and humidity sensor (41), a ventilation fan (42), a semiconductor cooler (43), and a humidifier (44); the temperature and humidity sensor (41) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the breeding box (1), multiple sets of ventilation fans (42) are slidably connected to the left and right side walls of the breeding box (1), multiple sets of semiconductor coolers (43) are fixedly connected to the rear side wall of the breeding box (1); the humidifier (44) is fixedly connected to the bottom layer of the breeding box (1). The root system aeration and circulation structure (5) includes an aeration hole (221) at the bottom of the seedling trough (22), the aeration hole (221) is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe (51), the connecting pipe (51) is fixedly connected to the horizontal airflow channel, the horizontal airflow channel is detachably connected to the vertical airflow channel, and the vertical airflow channel is fixedly connected to the bottom aeration chamber (53); a micro air pump is provided in the airflow channel (52), and the micro air pump is electrically connected to the timer; The temperature and humidity sensor (41), ventilation fan (42), semiconductor cooler (43), humidifier (44) and timer are all electrically connected to the controller installed inside the breeding box (1).
2. The breeding device for pear tree planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breeding box (1) is hollow inside and open at the front. Multiple U-shaped grooves (11) are provided in the vertical direction inside the breeding box (1). A sealing door (12) is hinged on the box wall near the opening side of the breeding box (1). An observation window (13), a display screen (14) and a switch button (15) are provided on the sealing door (12). The observation window (13) is located in the upper middle part of the sealing door (12). The display screen (14) is located below the observation window (13). The switch button (15) is located in the lower right corner of the sealing door (12). The display screen (14) and the switch button (15) are both electrically connected to the controller.
3. The breeding device for pear tree planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling tray (21) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the breeding box (1); the edge of the seedling tray (21) is provided with a water guide groove (23), and the water guide groove (23) is provided with a water guide hole (24) at the axial end of the extension along the rear side wall of the breeding box (1). The two vertical water guide holes (24) are connected by a water collection pipe (25). The water collection pipe (25) is fixedly connected to a water collection box (26) located near the bottom of the breeding box (1). The water collection box (26) is connected to a waste liquid recovery box (27) on the outer side wall of the breeding box (1) through a pipe.
4. The breeding device for pear tree planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the seedling trough (22) is provided with spiral guide strips, the height of which is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the trough depth, and the surface of the strips is coated with a water-retaining gel layer.
5. The breeding device for pear tree planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spectral wavelengths of the top wall light (31), side wall light (32) and bottom light (33) are adjustable in the range of 380-780nm, and the illuminance is adjustable in the range of 5000-20000lux.
6. The breeding device for pear tree planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity linkage adjustment module (4) also includes a CO2 concentration sensor located on the top of the box.
7. The breeding device for pear tree planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water collection box (26) is equipped with a liquid level sensor, and the waste liquid recovery box (27) is equipped with a filter layer on top.