A soil-covered cultivation mushroom culture box and a modular culture assembly thereof

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of mushroom cultivation technology discloses a kind of soil cultivation mushroom culture box and its modular culture assembly, as the independent unit of soil cultivation mushroom fermentation, bacteria, mushroom, including the box body of open mouth and the aeration layer being arranged at the bottom of box body, and the inner air passage and inner waterway are embedded in box body, the aeration port is arranged in the aeration layer in the inner air passage in box body, the gas from aeration port into the aeration layer from the aperture of aeration layer surface enters the culture medium covered on aeration layer, the inner spout of inner waterway in box body is in the upper portion of culture medium with to the inner spray of culture solution in box body.Including a mobile platform of bearing several box bodies to form culture module, total air passage and total waterway are equipped in the lower part of mobile platform to supply gas and water for each other's box body, the utility model is produced by efficient automation or semi-automation substrate fermentation and mushroom cultivation with the modular system of culture box as culture main body, and yield is improved and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mushroom cultivation technology, specifically relating to a soil-covered mushroom cultivation box and its modular cultivation components. Background Technology

[0002] Mushrooms cultivated using soil covering are a type of mushroom variety that relies on the soil covering environment to complete mycelial nutrient transformation and fruiting body differentiation. Their traditional cultivation techniques can be categorized as follows, based on different substrate treatment methods and cultivation procedures:

[0003] The tunnel fermentation cultivation method requires four core steps: three fermentations plus fruiting. The substrate undergoes primary and secondary fermentation, followed by three inoculations for mycelial growth. Finally, the mature substrate is transferred to a greenhouse for covering with soil, or transported to shelves in a factory-style fruiting house for soil covering and fruiting. As a relatively advanced factory-style method, its advantages lie in its streamlined operation and precise control of various parameters, but it also has significant limitations. These limitations include the need for large-scale fermentation tunnels, large-scale material-distributing equipment, and conveyor lines to ensure even distribution of the substrate within the tunnel; otherwise, uneven material distribution can easily lead to fermentation failure. Furthermore, the fermentation and fruiting stages are separated, making the entire system suitable only for large-scale factories with initial investments reaching tens or even hundreds of millions of yuan, making distributed deployment difficult.

[0004] The composting fermentation cultivation method centers on the natural fermentation of the substrate. Through repeated turning of the compost pile, the fermentation process is regulated, achieving material maturation and preliminary sterilization. Subsequently, inoculum is mixed in and the mixture is covered with soil for mycelial growth until fruiting. Its advantage lies in lower initial investment. However, key technical parameters (such as temperature, humidity, oxygen content, and material permeability) depend on the natural environment or simple equipment for adjustment, resulting in poor controllability and susceptibility to external climate influences. This leads to significant fluctuations in yield and quality between different batches. Improper technical management can easily result in incomplete fermentation, localized overheating, or uneven maturation, severely impacting the nutritional effectiveness of the substrate.

[0005] The aforementioned technical methods suffer from several drawbacks. First, they rely on manual operation, which is labor-intensive and results in poor uniformity during the turning process, easily leading to insufficient fermentation or localized overheating, thus affecting the quality of the culture medium. Second, they require fixed sites and have low space utilization, as composting and fermentation require large areas of open or indoor space, making overlapping cultivation difficult and resulting in significant waste of land and space resources. Third, they employ extensive environmental control, with key parameters such as temperature, humidity, and aeration relying on natural conditions or simple equipment for adjustment, leading to poor stability and susceptibility to external climate influences, resulting in batch yield fluctuations. Fourth, the processes are fragmented, with fermentation, inoculation, and covering requiring separate steps in different locations, resulting in low efficiency and difficulty in achieving precise and standardized management, thus hindering the large-scale and efficient development of mushroom cultivation. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a soil-covered cultivation box for mushroom cultivation and its modular cultivation components. The aim is to achieve efficient and intelligent cultivation and production of soil-covered mushrooms through a modular system with the cultivation box as the main cultivation component, thereby increasing yield and reducing costs.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0008] In the first aspect, this utility model discloses a soil-covered mushroom cultivation box, which is used as an independent unit for the fermentation, mycelium cultivation, and fruiting of soil-covered mushrooms. It includes an open box body and an aeration layer set at the bottom of the box body. An internal air channel and an internal water channel are embedded in the box body. The internal air channel has an aeration port in the aeration layer inside the box body. Gas entering the aeration layer from the aeration port enters the culture medium covering the aeration layer through openings on the surface of the aeration layer. The internal water channel has an internal spray nozzle at the top of the box body above the culture medium for spraying culture liquid into the box body.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, this utility model provides a first embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the box body has an open structure with an upper air nozzle connected to the inner air channel and an upper water head connected to the inner water channel on the top end face, and a lower air nozzle connected to the inner air channel and a lower water head connected to the inner water channel on the bottom end face of the box body. When adjacent boxes are stacked, the upper air nozzle and the lower air nozzle are sealed and connected, and the upper water head and the lower water head are sealed and connected. Several boxes are stacked on top of each other and water and air are supplied from the bottom box upward through the upper and lower connected inner air channel and inner water channel.

[0010] In conjunction with the first embodiment of the first aspect, this utility model provides a second embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the internal air passage and internal water passage of the box are both built into the inner wall of the corner in the height direction of the box.

[0011] In conjunction with the first embodiment of the first aspect, this utility model provides a third embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the side of the box is provided with an inlet for manually adding microbial culture medium into the box.

[0012] In conjunction with the first embodiment of the first aspect, this utility model provides a fourth embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the upper air nozzle and the lower air nozzle are male and female pipe head structures that are mutually inserted and mated, and a sealing ring is provided on the upper air nozzle and / or the lower air nozzle.

[0013] In conjunction with the first embodiment of the first aspect, this utility model provides a fifth embodiment of the first aspect, wherein a flange is provided on the inner wall of the box, and the aeration layer is a cavity formed by a perforated plate disposed on the flange and the bottom surface of the box.

[0014] In conjunction with the first embodiment of the first aspect, this utility model provides a sixth embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the aeration layer is a perforated shell embedded in the bottom of the box body, the top of the perforated shell is provided with a plurality of openings, and the side wall of the perforated shell is provided with openings corresponding to the aeration ports.

[0015] Secondly, this utility model provides a modular cultivation component equipped with a soil-covered mushroom cultivation box as described above, and also includes a mobile platform. The mobile platform is provided with a plurality of placement slots for placing the boxes. The placement slots are provided with bottom plate air nozzles that are sealed and connected to the corresponding lower air nozzles, and bottom plate water nozzles that are sealed and connected to the corresponding lower water nozzles. The mobile platform supplies water and air to the plurality of boxes stacked in the placement slots.

[0016] In conjunction with the second aspect, the present invention provides a first embodiment of the second aspect, wherein the mobile platform is provided with a main air duct and a main water duct;

[0017] The main air duct is connected in sequence to the branch air duct and the branch air duct, and the branch air duct is connected to the bottom plate air nozzle in the placement slot.

[0018] The main waterway is connected to the bottom plate water head in each placement tank through the connecting branch waterways;

[0019] The ports of the main air duct and the main water duct are both oriented towards the moving direction of the mobile platform. A plug-in sealing structure is provided at the ports of the main air duct and the main water duct of adjacent mobile platforms are respectively sealed and plugged in for connection.

[0020] The so-called plug-in sealing structure is a plug-in structure using male and female connectors. A mobile platform's main air duct has two ports, one male and one female. When not connected to the main air duct ports of other mobile platforms, the ports are in a closed state. Only when the ports are plugged in and connected in place can the two adjacent main air ducts be connected.

[0021] The so-called sealed plug-in connection between the ports of the main air duct and the main water duct refers to the port connection between adjacent main air ducts and the port connection between main water ducts.

[0022] In conjunction with the second aspect, this utility model provides a second embodiment of the second aspect, wherein the mobile platform is a track-moving structure, and the bottom of the mobile platform is provided with a wheel set that slides and cooperates with an external track.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0024] (1) This utility model has a culture box structure with built-in water channels and air channels and an aeration layer at the bottom, so as to realize quantitative and precise multiple fermentation of culture medium in each box as a culture unit system. At the same time, the aeration method can achieve the turning effect, which can not only effectively control the temperature of the culture medium during fermentation, but also supply nutrients through water channel spraying culture liquid, providing a suitable growth environment for mushrooms, reducing manual operation, improving efficiency and saving costs, and standardizing the cultivation conditions of mushrooms. Compared with the manual operation method, it can improve the yield and product quality, and the cultivation cycle can be reduced through the multiple aeration fermentation method.

[0025] (2) This utility model provides corresponding air nozzles and water heads at the top and bottom of the box, which allows several box structures to be stacked in the same place in an overlapping manner. As the built-in water and air channels are used, only the bottom box needs to be supplied with air and water. Air and culture medium can be continuously introduced into the box from the bottom box through the internal air and water channels in a timely and quantitative manner, thereby realizing modular and large-scale cultivation. Each box can be docked and positioned after simple stacking through the provided sealed connection structure, and leakage is avoided. The operation is convenient and efficient, and the corresponding number and height of boxes can be set according to the cultivation needs and site conditions.

[0026] (3) The present invention can form a space at the bottom of the box through the provided aeration structure, which is used to arrange air, and the culture medium above the aeration layer can be periodically aerated through the perforated plate. The detachable structure design makes it easy to replace and clean, and the corresponding internal air channel achieves a better bottom aeration effect.

[0027] (4) This utility model uses a mobile platform to fix several boxes stacked together. At the same time, it uses a pipeline structure such as a main water channel and a main air channel to supply air and water to the boxes stacked on the mobile platform. It can also be automatically managed and controlled by an external control system.

[0028] (5) This utility model is designed for the characteristics of mobile platforms. It has plug-in sealed ports for the main air channel and the main water channel, which can directly connect adjacent mobile platforms when they are moving. Thus, water and air can be supplied to one mobile platform at the end, and water and air can be supplied to all adjacent mobile platforms connected in series. This makes it convenient to operate and easy to manage. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a side view of one unit of the modular culture component in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view of a unit of the modular culture component in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of one unit of the modular culture component in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a top view of one unit of the modular culture component in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a first isometric view of the culture box and the moving platform in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a second isometric schematic diagram of the culture box and the moving platform in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the culture box and harvesting tray placed on the mobile platform in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the cultivation box and harvesting tray placed on the mobile platform in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a front view of the culture box and harvesting tray placed on the mobile platform in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a side view of the culture box and harvesting tray placed on a mobile platform in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0039] In the diagram: 1-Mobile platform, 2-Box body, 3-Wheel set, 4-Main air duct, 5-Main water duct, 6-Branch water duct, 7-Branch air duct, 8-Grate plate, 9-Upper air nozzle, 10-Upper water head, 11-Placement slot, 12-Bottom plate air nozzle, 13-Bottom plate water head, 14-Lower water head, 15-Lower air nozzle, 16-Branch air duct, 17-Feed inlet, 18-Picking tray, 19-Air inlet valve, 20-Water duct solenoid valve, 21-Handle opening. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationships commonly used when the product is in use. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in the description of this application is only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" in the description of this application does not imply that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it may be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it may be slightly tilted.

[0046] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] This embodiment discloses a soil-covered mushroom cultivation box structure, which provides a space to place culture medium materials, and performs multiple fermentation operations on the culture medium through the culture box structure, before inoculation and soil covering, and realizes automated cultivation management by spraying culture solution.

[0049] It is worth noting that the so-called soil-covered cultivation of mushrooms includes, but is not limited to, bamboo fungus, gastrodia elata, morel mushrooms, and king oyster mushrooms. This cultivation box serves as an independent unit for fermentation, mycelium cultivation, and fruiting, and can be stacked. The interior of box 2 is divided into functional areas during cultivation, from bottom to top: an aeration layer, a substrate layer, and a harvesting layer. The aeration layer and the substrate layer are isolated from each other by an internal structure. The cultivation box contains embedded water and air channels that connect to the interior, achieving controlled aeration and water supply.

[0050] Specifically, the main body of the culture box is an open box 2 structure. The box 2 itself is made of lightweight polymer material and is conventionally a cubic structure with a rectangular bottom. The top is open, allowing operation to be performed on the inside from the top of the box 2.

[0051] The box body 2 itself has a certain thickness, and its inner wall contains at least two types of pipes: an internal water channel and an internal air channel. An aeration layer is located at the bottom of the box body 2, with its height ranging from 10% to 30% of the box body 2's internal height. In this embodiment, the aeration layer is a space located at the bottom of the box body 2, formed by a partition, with several openings on the partition for gas to pass through. Inside the aeration layer, the internal air channel within the box body 2 has an aeration port, through which gas is injected into the aeration layer. The gas in the aeration layer then enters the box body 2 through several openings at the top.

[0052] During cultivation, a culture medium composed of straw, manure, and other auxiliary materials is placed on the aeration layer. Then, a certain amount of liquid is sprayed through the internal water channel opening on the inner wall of the box 2, which is higher than the aeration layer, to carry out composting and fermentation. The aeration time and aeration amount are determined by external detection or internal temperature monitoring, so that the temperature is always kept within a good fermentation temperature range through aeration control.

[0053] After one fermentation, sterilization is performed, followed by at least two more fermentations. Then, the fermented culture medium is inoculated with microorganisms and covered with soil, thus achieving the effects of culture medium fermentation and mushroom cultivation.

[0054] The boxes 2 are stacked during use, with several boxes 2 stacked and fixed with their openings facing upwards. The bottom of the upper box 2 abuts the opening of the lower box 2. To facilitate the inoculation of mushrooms after the culture medium in the box 2 has fermented, a feeding port 17 is provided on the side of the box 2. When several boxes 2 are stacked, the feeding port 17 on the side is exposed, forming a channel that allows external access into the box 2. After the culture medium in the box 2 has fermented, the operator can manually inoculate the mushrooms into the culture medium in the box 2 from the side of the stacked boxes 2. At the same time, soil is also added to the surface of the culture medium inoculated with mushrooms in the box 2 through the feeding port 17 on the side.

[0055] Meanwhile, in order to facilitate the movement of each box 1 in this embodiment, a handle opening 21 is provided on two adjacent sides of the feed inlet 17 of the box 1. The handle opening 21 has an edge at the top, which makes it convenient to hold and lift the box 1.

[0056] In this embodiment, a single container 2 serves as an independent culture container. Although it can fulfill the functions of culture medium fermentation and mushroom cultivation, its volume is limited. Typically, several containers 2 are used together for cultivation. To achieve unified water and gas supply control for several containers 2, the structure of each container 2 is optimized.

[0057] In some embodiments, the upper air nozzle 9 and lower air nozzle 15, and the upper water head 10 and lower water head 14, adopt the same port structure design, and a rubber ring is provided at each port to provide a sealing effect. In this way, the weight of the housing 2 itself provides a certain pressure, causing the rubber ring between the two air nozzles and the two water heads to deform and achieve a certain sealing effect. To improve the sealing effect, a counterweight can also be provided inside the housing 2, which can further improve the connection stability. This setting can also further improve the assembly and disassembly efficiency; simply aligning the two housings 2 allows for a sealed connection between the two ports to be achieved by their own gravity.

[0058] In some embodiments, the boxes 2 are stacked one on top of the other, with an upper air nozzle 9 and an upper water head 10 on the open top end face of each box 2, and a lower air nozzle 15 and a lower water head 14 structure on the bottom of the box 2.

[0059] Among them, the upper air nozzle 9 and the lower air nozzle 15 are two port structures on the surface of the box body 2 of the same internal air channel. Moreover, the upper air nozzle 9 and the lower air nozzle 15 on the same box body 2 are designed with a male and female head structure, that is, one of the air nozzles is male and can be inserted into the adjacent corresponding air nozzle to achieve communication. Similarly, the upper water head 10 and the lower water head 14 on the box body 2 are also male and female head structures, which can achieve the effect of plug-in communication.

[0060] When two boxes 2 are stacked, a certain downward pressure is applied to the upper box 2, causing its lower air nozzle 15 and water head 14 to be inserted and fixed to the upper air nozzle 9 and water head 10 of the lower box 2. To achieve a sealing effect, a sealing ring is provided on the upper air nozzle 9 and water head 10 or the lower air nozzle 15 and water head 14 of each box 2. That is, the gap at the insertion is blocked by the compression and deformation of the sealing ring to form a sealed connection. By setting appropriate male and female connection stroke and size, when the two boxes 2 are stacked and connected in place, the connection gap between the inner air channel and the inner water channel can withstand the maximum air pressure and hydraulic pressure without leakage. Due to this cultivation method inside the box 2, the air pressure and hydraulic pressure are relatively small, which meets the sealing requirements.

[0061] Based on the above method of using male and female connectors, referring to... Figure 5 and Figure 6 The box 2 structure shown is a cube-like structure with an outer wall made of a thin-walled polymer material. Multiple reinforcing ribs along the height direction are provided on the exterior to enhance its structural strength. To facilitate the installation of internal water channels and air channels, thickened areas are provided at the four corners of the box 2 along the height direction. Internal air channels are located in three of these thickened areas, and internal water channels are located in one of the thickened areas.

[0062] The top of the box 2 is provided with an annular widened end face, and a semi-circular widened area is provided for the thickened area. Each semi-circular widened area is provided with an upper water head 10 for the inner water channel and an upper air nozzle 9 for the inner air channel, wherein the size of the upper air nozzle 9 is larger than the size of the upper water head 10.

[0063] At the four corners of the bottom of the box 2, there are recessed drain heads 14 and air nozzles 15, respectively. (Refer to...) Figure 5 Both the upper water head 10 and the upper air nozzle 9 have a raised annular port structure, which can be inserted into the lower water head 14 and the lower air nozzle 15 of the adjacent box 2 to achieve docking. The box 2 itself has an annular groove at the bottom, which corresponds to the end face of the top of the box 2. When the two boxes 2 overlap, the end faces are aligned by restricting the bottom groove, and the upper water head 10 and the lower water head 14, and the upper air nozzle 9 and the lower air nozzle 15 are naturally aligned and inserted for fixation.

[0064] Furthermore, the aeration layer at the bottom of the box 2 can be configured in two ways, one of which is as described above. Figure 5 One approach involves using a perforated grid plate 8 with an annular flange inside the box body 2. By placing the grid plate 8 on the annular flange, the bottom of the box body 2 is divided to form an aeration layer. Another approach is to directly use a container structure that conforms to the bottom of the box body 2, fitting snugly against the inner side wall of the box body 2. The container has several small holes at its top, which also provides aeration support.

[0065] An aeration port is provided in the thickened area near the four corners of the box 2 at the bottom of the aeration layer, which connects to each internal air channel. The gas in the internal air channel enters the aeration layer from the aeration port and enters the box 2 from several openings at the top of the aeration layer, so as to achieve the aeration effect on the culture medium above the aeration layer.

[0066] In some embodiments, several sets of stacked boxes 2 are placed at equal intervals in a fixed, insulated location. Each set of boxes 2 has several layers in the height direction, and the bottom of the bottom box 2 is connected to the air nozzle 15 and the water head 14 through a pipe. Gas and culture medium are supplied through external pipes, but each box 2 is not equipped with a valve. Instead, the supply is controlled by a timed and quantitative supply from the supply end.

[0067] In another embodiment, this embodiment also provides a mobile platform 1, which is used as a carrier for stacking several boxes 2.

[0068] The mobile platform 1 has a plate and rollers set at the bottom of the plate. Several placement slots 11 are set at equal intervals above the plate. The size of the placement slots 11 is adapted to the outer dimensions of the bottom of the box 2, that is, the box 2 can be placed in the placement slots 11 and achieve a certain limiting and fixing effect.

[0069] The placement trough 11 is equipped with a bottom plate air nozzle 12 that is sealed and connected to the corresponding lower air nozzle 15, and a bottom plate water head 13 that is sealed and connected to the corresponding lower water head 14. The mobile platform 1 supplies water and air to the several boxes 2 stacked in the placement trough 11.

[0070] Furthermore, in order to meet the water and gas supply functions on mobile platform 1, refer to Figures 1-6 In this embodiment, the mobile platform 1 is provided with a main air duct 4 and a main water duct 5; the main air duct 4 is connected in sequence with a branch air duct 7 and a branch air duct 16, and the branch air duct 16 is connected to the bottom plate air nozzle 12 in the placement slot 11; the main water duct 5 is connected to the bottom plate water head 13 in each placement slot 11 through the connected branch water duct 6; the ports of the main air duct 4 and the main water duct 5 are both arranged facing the moving direction of the mobile platform 1, and a plug-in sealing structure is provided at the ports of the main air duct 4 and the main water duct 5, and the ports of the main air duct 4 and the main water duct 5 of adjacent mobile platforms 1 are respectively sealed and plugged in for connection.

[0071] Furthermore, Figure 1-6 Both the main water channel 5 and the main air channel 4 shown are open-type designs. The so-called plug-in sealing structure is similar to a port structure with a sealing valve. When the port of an adjacent main water channel 5 is inserted into the port of another main water channel 5, it can open the sealed valve and form a connection. At the same time, due to the plug-in connection, the internal sealing valve of the port of the main water channel 5 inserted on one side can also be opened. However, at the ports of the main water channel 5 and the main air channel 4 that are not connected to other ports, due to the presence of the sealing valve, even if there is a certain amount of hydraulic or air pressure inside, they cannot be opened from the inside to the outside, which can be regarded as a one-way valve structure.

[0072] In some embodiments, the mobile platform 1 in this embodiment is a track-type mobile mechanism, as shown in the reference. Figure 6 Four wheel sets 3 are provided at the bottom of the mobile platform 1, and each wheel set 3 contains a gear, so as to realize the synchronous rolling of the two wheel sets 3 in the forward and backward directions.

[0073] Furthermore, referring to Figures 7-10This embodiment provides another method for mounting the boxes 2 on the mobile platform 1. Six rows of stacked boxes 2 are placed on a single mobile platform 1, with the inlet 17 of each box 2 facing outwards, thus preventing the inlet 17 from being blocked and affecting the inoculation and covering of the mushrooms. A harvesting tray 18 is also provided on the mobile platform 1. During harvesting, the mobile trolley is moved outdoors or to the harvesting area, and the mushrooms are manually picked from the boxes 2 and placed in the adjacent harvesting tray 18. Then, the mushrooms in the harvesting tray 18 can be transferred as a whole.

[0074] Furthermore, Figure 7 As can be seen, similar to the scheme in the above embodiments, the bottom of the mobile platform 1 is provided with several pipes for supplying water and gas to the several rows of boxes 2 stacked on the mobile platform 1.

[0075] The thickened areas at the four corners of each box 2 include two internal water channels and two internal air channels. The aeration ports of the two internal air channels are located inside the aeration layer for aeration from the bottom up.

[0076] Then, the openings of the two internal water channels are positioned differently. One opening is located at the top of box 2 and is used to spray liquid into box 2. This spraying opening can replenish and humidify the middle layer of substrate, inject fermentation agent during fermentation, and inject pH regulator and nutrient solution to adjust the substrate during the fruiting period.

[0077] Another opening is located at the bottom of the grid plate 8 to collect excess liquid. When there is excessive moisture in the box 2, such as excess moisture during fermentation or mushroom growth, it can be discharged into the inner water channel through the opening in the aeration layer. Two main water channels 5 equipped with water channel solenoid valves 20 are provided on the moving platform 1; one is the inlet channel and the other is the outlet channel. The water inlet and outlet of each moving platform 1 are controlled by the water channel solenoid valves 20. An air inlet valve 19 is also provided in the main air channel 4. Since the airflow direction of the main air channel 4 is fixed—from the outside to the moving platform 1 and then to the inside of each box 2—only one air inlet valve 19 is needed for air intake control.

[0078] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 7 The diagram only shows a single mobile platform 1, where the solenoid valves for the main air duct 4 and the main water duct 5 are located at the ends. When multiple mobile platforms 1 are docked to form a culture assembly, the positions of the solenoid valves will be adjusted, that is, adjusted to the connection points between the main air duct 4 and the branch air duct 7, and between the main water duct 5 and the branch water duct 6 on each mobile platform 1, and connected to the main control via cable or wireless control.

[0079] When several mobile platforms 1 are docked, docking is achieved through manual pushing or automatic equipment movement. Specifically, two mobile platforms 1 approach and come abut against each other on the track. Upon contact, the ports of the main water channel 5 and the main air channel 4 align. Each main air channel 4 and main water channel 5 has a docking structure at its end, namely a rubber sealing structure with the aforementioned one-way valve. Because the mobile platform 1 is a track-based moving structure, the restriction of track movement ensures that the ends of the main water channel 5 and main air channel 4 can align and interlock when they approach each other, thus achieving a sealing effect.

[0080] To improve connection stability, each mobile platform 1 has an electrically controlled magnetic attraction structure at a corresponding position on its plate. For automatic control, each mobile platform 1 can be powered and control signals transmitted via a wired connection, or a battery and control module can be installed on each mobile platform 1 to achieve automatic control. In the standard setup, when two mobile platforms 1 approach and dock, operators manually set the latches to secure them together. Separation is also done manually. In the automated control method, two adjacent mobile platforms 1 are attracted and fixed together via a magnetic attraction structure, and separation is automatically achieved through a mechanical mechanism within the magnetic attraction structure.

[0081] This utility model is not limited to the optional embodiments described above, and anyone can derive other various forms of products under the guidance of this utility model. The specific embodiments described above should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model shall be determined by the claims, and the description can be used to interpret the claims.

Claims

1. A substrate cultivation box for mushroom cultivation, used as an independent unit for fermentation, mycelium cultivation, and fruiting of mushrooms cultivated in substrate, characterized in that: It includes an open box (2) and an aeration layer set at the bottom of the box (2). An internal air channel and an internal water channel are embedded in the box (2). The internal air channel has an aeration port in the aeration layer inside the box (2). Gas entering the aeration layer from the aeration port enters the culture medium covering the aeration layer through the openings on the surface of the aeration layer. The internal water channel has an internal spray nozzle at the top of the box (2) above the culture medium to spray the culture medium into the box (2).

2. The mushroom cultivation box with soil covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box (2) has an open structure with an upper air nozzle (9) connected to the inner air channel and an upper water head (10) connected to the inner water channel on the top end face. The box (2) has a lower air nozzle (15) connected to the inner air channel and a lower water head (14) connected to the inner water channel on the bottom end face. When adjacent boxes (2) are stacked, the upper air nozzle (9) and the lower air nozzle (15) are sealed and connected, and the upper water head (10) and the lower water head (14) are sealed and connected. Several boxes (2) are stacked on top of each other and water and air are supplied from the bottom box (2) upward through the upper and lower connected inner air channel and inner water channel.

3. The mushroom cultivation box with soil covering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The internal air passage and internal water passage of the box (2) are both built into the inner wall of the corner in the height direction of the box (2).

4. The mushroom cultivation box with soil covering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the box (2) is provided with an inlet (17) for manually adding the culture medium into the box (2).

5. The mushroom cultivation box with soil covering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper air nozzle (9) and the lower air nozzle (15) are male and female pipe head structures that are plugged into each other, and a sealing ring is provided on the upper air nozzle (9) and / or the lower air nozzle (15).

6. The mushroom cultivation box with soil covering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the box (2) is provided with a flange, and the aeration layer is a cavity formed by a perforated grid plate (8) set on the flange and the inner bottom surface of the box (2).

7. The mushroom cultivation box with soil covering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aeration layer is a perforated shell embedded at the bottom of the box (2). The top of the perforated shell has several openings, and the side wall of the perforated shell has openings corresponding to the aeration ports.

8. A modular culture component, characterized in that: The mushroom cultivation box with soil covering according to any one of claims 2-7 further includes a mobile platform (1), the mobile platform (1) is provided with a plurality of placement slots (11) for placing the box body (1), the placement slot (11) is provided with a bottom plate air nozzle (12) corresponding to the lower air nozzle (15) and a bottom plate water head (13) corresponding to the lower water head (14) and the mobile platform (1) supplies water and air to the plurality of box bodies (1) stacked in the placement slot (11).

9. A modular culture component according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mobile platform (1) is provided with a main air duct (4) and a main water duct (5); The main air duct (4) is connected in sequence to the branch air duct (7) and the branch air duct (16), and the branch air duct (16) is connected to the bottom plate air nozzle (12) in the placement slot (11). The main waterway (5) is connected to the bottom plate water head (13) in each placement tank (11) through the connected branch waterway (6); The ports of the main air duct (4) and the main water duct (5) are both oriented toward the moving direction of the mobile platform (1). A plug-in sealing structure is provided at the ports of the main air duct (4) and the main water duct (5). The ports of the main air duct (4) and the main water duct (5) of adjacent mobile platforms (1) are respectively sealed and plugged in for connection.

10. A modular culture component according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mobile platform (1) is a track-moving structure, and the bottom of the mobile platform (1) is provided with a wheel set (3) that slides with the external track.

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