A five-axis printing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a five -axis printing device, including the frame is cage type frame structure and bears the body weight, Z axis lifting assembly sets up in the both sides of frame and is located frame close bottom's position, C axis rotation subassembly is through C axis mounting panel and is set up between two Z axis lifting devices, and is located two Z axis lifting device's top surface, and C axis rotation subassembly's output is provided with work platform, Y axis transverse shift subassembly sets up in the both sides of frame close top's position, X axis transverse shift subassembly is through X axis mounting panel and is set up between two Y axis transverse shift device and is located two Y axis transverse shift device's top surface, B axis inclination subassembly is through B axis angle code and is set up in X axis's top, and B axis inclination device's one side towards frame center is provided with printing head, can bear completely through with Z axis and C axis separation setting main stress direction, avoid single bearing body weight and also bear printing system weight and the weight of printing product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of printing technology, and more specifically, to a five-axis printing device. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printers, also known as three-dimensional printers, are a type of rapid prototyping equipment.

[0003] Five-axis printing equipment adds two rotary axes, B and C, to the traditional three linear axes of X, Y, and Z.

[0004] The B-axis and C-axis rotate around the X-axis and Y-axis respectively, enabling the print head or print bed to achieve more complex movements and postures in space, thus allowing for multi-angle and omnidirectional printing of workpieces.

[0005] The current five-axis printing equipment was designed to handle high-precision small parts. However, each axis is not strong enough to support the weight, making it unable to print large products. This deficiency stems from the original design intent of the five-axis printing equipment. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a five-axis printing device, a five-axis printing device that can adapt to heavy loads.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a five-axis printing device, comprising a frame in the form of a cage frame structure to support the weight of the machine body, Z-axis lifting components disposed on both sides of the frame and located near the bottom of the frame, C-axis rotation component disposed between the two Z-axis lifting devices via a C-axis mounting plate and located on the top surface of the two Z-axis lifting devices, a work platform disposed at the output end of the C-axis rotation component, Y-axis transverse components disposed on both sides of the frame near the top, X-axis transverse components disposed between the two Y-axis transverse components via an X-axis mounting plate and located on the top surface of the two Y-axis transverse components, B-axis tilting component disposed on the top of the X-axis via a B-axis angle bracket, and a print head disposed on the side of the B-axis tilting device facing the center of the frame.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the frame includes feet, four vertical Z-axis guide columns set on the top surface of the feet, a Y-axis angle bracket is set at the end of the Z-axis guide column away from the feet, a Y-axis guide column is set between two Y-axis angle brackets located on both sides of the frame, and a transverse fixing column is set between two Y-axis angle brackets located on the back side of the frame.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that: the Y-axis transverse component includes two Y-axis angle brackets disposed on the same side of the frame and a Y-axis slider slidably sleeved on the Y-axis guide post. Each of the two Y-axis angle brackets is provided with a corresponding Y-axis pulley. A Y-axis belt is sleeved between the two Y-axis pulleys and at least one side of the Y-axis belt is close to the Y-axis slider. The side of the Y-axis belt close to the Y-axis slider is fixed to the Y-axis slider by at least one Y-axis fixing block.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the X-axis transverse component includes an X-axis mounting plate installed between the Y-axis sliders located on both sides of the frame. X-axis angle brackets are provided on both sides of the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate. An X-axis guide rail is also provided on the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate and located between the two X-axis angle brackets. An X-axis slider is slidably mounted on the X-axis guide rail. A B-axis angle bracket is provided on the top surface of the X-axis slider. Corresponding X-axis pulleys are provided on the two X-axis angle brackets. An X-axis belt is sleeved between the two X-axis pulleys, and at least one side of the X-axis belt is close to the B-axis angle bracket. The side of the X-axis belt close to the B-axis angle bracket is fixed to the B-axis angle bracket by at least one X-axis fixing block.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that: a B-axis rotary motor is fixedly installed on the side of the B-axis angle code away from the middle of the frame by a plurality of B-axis fixing columns, the output end of the B-axis rotary motor passes through the B-axis angle code at least partially, and a print head is provided on the output end of the B-axis rotary motor.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: Z-axis lifting assemblies are provided on both sides of the frame, the Z-axis lifting assembly includes a Z-axis motor mounting strip between two pads on the same side, a Z-axis lifting motor is provided on the bottom surface of the Z-axis motor mounting strip, the output end of the Z-axis lifting motor is provided with at least part of passing through the Z-axis mounting strip, and a Z-axis balance bar is slidably sleeved on two Z-axis guide columns located on the same side of the frame, wherein the output end of the Z-axis lifting motor passes through the middle of the Z-axis balance bar and is threadedly connected to each other.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that: Z-axis guide sleeves are provided at both ends of the Z-axis balance bar, and the Z-axis guide sleeves are fitted onto the Z-axis guide column.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that: a Z-axis screw is provided on the output end of the Z-axis lifting motor, and a Z-axis threaded sleeve is fixedly provided at the middle position of the Z-axis balance bar corresponding to the Z-axis screw.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that: the C-axis rotation assembly includes a C-axis mounting plate disposed between two Z-axis balance bars, a C-axis rotation motor is disposed on one side of the bottom surface of the middle part of the C-axis mounting plate through a plurality of C-axis fixing columns, the output end of the C-axis rotation motor passes through the C-axis mounting plate at least partially, and a working platform is fixedly disposed on the output end of the C-axis rotation motor.

[0016] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: by setting the X-axis, Y-axis, and B-axis at the top of the frame and setting the print head, the range of motion of the print head can be further expanded, thereby improving printing accuracy. Furthermore, by setting the Z-axis and C-axis at the bottom of the frame, the work plate can be changed in two directions. By separating the Z-axis and C-axis, the main force direction can be fully borne, avoiding the need for a single bearing to bear the weight of its own weight while also bearing the weight of the printing system and the printed product. In this way, it is possible to print large-mass workpieces without worrying about damage to the axes. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a stereoscopic first-view perspective of the device in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a stereoscopic second perspective of the device in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a stereoscopic third-person perspective of the device in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B;

[0021] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B;

[0022] Figure 6 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C;

[0023] Figure 7 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point D;

[0024] Figure 8 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point E;

[0025] Figure 9 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 Enlarged view at point F;

[0026] Figure 10 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point G;

[0027] Figure 11 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point H;

[0028] Figure 12 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 3Enlarged view of point I.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] 1. Frame; 11. Horizontal fixing column; 12. Base plate; 13. Heightening block; 14. Base plate; 15. Foot pad;

[0031] 2. X-axis transverse component; 21. X-axis angle bracket; 22. X-axis guide rail; 23. X-axis mounting plate; 24. X-axis pulley; 25. X-axis belt; 26. X-axis transverse motor; 27. X-axis slider;

[0032] 3. Y-axis transverse component; 31. Y-axis belt; 32. Y-axis angle bracket; 33. Y-axis fixing block; 34. Y-axis slider; 35. Y-axis pulley; 36. Y-axis transverse motor; 37. Y-axis guide post;

[0033] 4. Z-axis lifting assembly; 41. Z-axis screw; 42. Z-axis threaded sleeve; 43. Z-axis balance bar; 44. Z-axis motor mounting bar; 45. Z-axis lifting motor; 46. Z-axis guide column; 47. Z-axis guide sleeve;

[0034] 5. B-axis rotating assembly; 51. B-axis angle bracket; 52. B-axis rotating motor; 53. B-axis fixing post;

[0035] 6. C-axis rotation assembly; 61. C-axis mounting plate; 62. C-axis fixing column; 63. C-axis rotation motor;

[0036] 7. Print head;

[0037] 8. Work platform. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Furthermore, in this utility model, the terms "installation," "setting," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "sleeving" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-12 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0042] Example

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, a five-axis printing device includes a frame, a Z-axis lifting assembly, a Y-axis traverse assembly, an X-axis traverse assembly, and a B-axis tilting assembly.

[0044] The frame is a cage-like frame structure that supports the weight of the fuselage. The frame is divided into top, bottom, sides, front, and back.

[0045] The frame includes feet, four vertical Z-axis guide columns set on the top surface of the feet, a Y-axis bracket set at the end of the Z-axis guide column away from the feet, a Y-axis guide column set between two Y-axis brackets on both sides of the frame, and a transverse fixing column set between two Y-axis brackets on the back side of the frame.

[0046] To increase installation space, a foot is installed at each of the four corners of the bottom surface of the base plate, and a riser block is installed at each of the four corners of the top surface of the base plate. A Z-axis guide column is installed at the center of the top surface of each riser block, perpendicular to its top surface. This space-saving and lightweight design provides both Z-axis guidance and support.

[0047] In this solution, the circuit board and controller are disposed between the base plate and the substrate. The circuit board and controller are not the inventive points of this solution and will not be described in detail.

[0048] The Y-axis traverse components are located on both sides of the frame near the top, with independent Y-axis traverse components on both sides of the frame.

[0049] The Y-axis transverse component includes two Y-axis corner brackets located on the same side of the frame and a Y-axis slider slidably sleeved on the Y-axis guide post. Y-axis pulleys are correspondingly provided on the two Y-axis corner brackets located on the same side of the frame. A Y-axis belt is sleeved between the two Y-axis pulleys, and at least one side of the Y-axis belt is close to the Y-axis slider. The side of the Y-axis belt close to the Y-axis slider is fixed to the Y-axis slider by at least one Y-axis fixing block.

[0050] A Y-axis transverse motor is installed on one of the Y-axis angle brackets. The Y-axis transverse motor is located on the side away from the Y-axis pulley, and its output end passes through the Y-axis angle bracket and is connected to the corresponding Y-axis pulley.

[0051] In this scheme, the Y-axis angle code is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, a strip-shaped opening for embedding the Y-axis pulley is also provided.

[0052] The X-axis transverse component is mounted between the two Y-axis transverse devices via an X-axis mounting plate and is located on the top surface of the two Y-axis transverse devices.

[0053] The X-axis traverse assembly includes an X-axis mounting plate installed between Y-axis sliders located on both sides of the frame. X-axis angle brackets are provided on both sides of the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate. An X-axis guide rail is also provided on the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate and located between the two X-axis angle brackets. An X-axis slider is slidably mounted on the X-axis guide rail. A B-axis angle bracket is provided on the top surface of the X-axis slider. Corresponding X-axis pulleys are provided on the two X-axis angle brackets. An X-axis belt is sleeved between the two X-axis pulleys, with at least one side of the X-axis belt close to the B-axis angle bracket. The side of the X-axis belt close to the B-axis angle bracket is fixed to the B-axis angle bracket by at least one X-axis fixing block.

[0054] An X-axis transverse motor is installed on one of the X-axis angle brackets. The X-axis transverse motor is located on the side away from the X-axis pulley, and its output end passes through the X-axis angle bracket and is connected to the corresponding X-axis pulley.

[0055] In this scheme, the X-axis corner code is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, a strip-shaped opening for embedding the X-axis pulley is also provided.

[0056] The B-axis tilting assembly is mounted on top of the X-axis via a B-axis angle bracket, and the printhead is located on the side of the B-axis tilting device facing the center of the frame.

[0057] A B-axis rotary motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the B-axis angle bracket away from the middle of the frame via several B-axis fixing columns. The output end of the B-axis rotary motor passes through the B-axis angle bracket at least partially, and a print head is mounted on the output end of the B-axis rotary motor.

[0058] The B-axis angle code has an L-shaped structure, such as Figure 11 As shown, the X-axis belt passes through the hollowed-out position formed by the B-axis fixing column.

[0059] The Z-axis lifting assembly is located on both sides of the frame, near the bottom. The C-axis rotation assembly is mounted between the two Z-axis lifting devices via a C-axis mounting plate, and is located on the top surface of the two Z-axis lifting devices. A work platform is provided at the output end of the C-axis rotation assembly.

[0060] Both sides of the frame are equipped with Z-axis lifting assemblies. The Z-axis lifting assembly includes a Z-axis motor mounting strip between two feet on the same side. A Z-axis lifting motor is installed on the bottom surface of the Z-axis motor mounting strip. The output end of the Z-axis lifting motor has at least a portion passing through the Z-axis mounting strip. Z-axis balance bars are slidably fitted on two Z-axis guide columns on the same side of the frame. The output end of the Z-axis lifting motor passes through the middle of the Z-axis balance bar and is threadedly connected to each other.

[0061] Z-axis guide sleeves are provided at both ends of the Z-axis balance bar, and the Z-axis guide sleeves are fitted onto the Z-axis guide column.

[0062] A Z-axis screw is installed on the output end of the Z-axis lifting motor, and a Z-axis threaded sleeve is fixedly installed at the middle position of the Z-axis balance bar corresponding to the Z-axis screw.

[0063] The C-axis rotation assembly includes a C-axis mounting plate disposed between two Z-axis balance bars. A C-axis rotation motor is mounted on one side of the bottom surface of the C-axis mounting plate via several C-axis fixing columns. The output end of the C-axis rotation motor passes through the C-axis mounting plate at least partially, and a work platform is fixedly mounted on the output end of the C-axis rotation motor.

[0064] Motherboard model: MKS SKIPR, main control chip: STM32H743, communication protocol: EtherCBT, realizes multi-axis coordinated motion, temperature control, and safety monitoring to ensure stable operation of the equipment.

[0065] Component functions:

[0066] C-axis: The work platform rotates horizontally (360°) around the Z-axis.

[0067] B-axis oscillation: The printhead assembly rotates around the Z-axis (-45°→45°).

[0068] Working platform: Used to support the printed model and has a heating function to improve the adhesion of the first layer and the bonding strength between layers. Printhead assembly: Responsible for melting the consumables and precisely extruding them into shape.

[0069] Beneficial effects: By placing the X, Y, and B axes at the top of the frame and installing the print head, the range of motion of the print head can be further expanded, thereby improving printing accuracy. Placing the Z and C axes at the bottom of the frame allows the workpiece to change in two directions. Separating the Z and C axes allows the main stress directions to be fully borne, avoiding the need for a single bearing to support both its own weight and the weight of the printing system and the printed product. This enables the printing of large-mass workpieces without worrying about damage to the axes.

[0070] Functions of each component: X / Z axis assembly: linear motion axis

[0071] Work process:

[0072] Phase 1: Initialization (T=0~5s);

[0073] Power-on self-test:

[0074] Limit switch triggered (X / Y / Z return to zero, B axis swings back to 0°, C axis encoder clears to zero).

[0075] Nozzle heating starts (PWM duty cycle 80%, target 210°C).

[0076] Preheat the heated bed (SSR on, target 60°C).

[0077] Motion calibration:

[0078] B-axis: The servo motor slowly swings to -5°→+5°→0° to check encoder consistency.

[0079] C-axis: Direct drive motor rotates 360° to verify uninterrupted slip ring communication.

[0080] Phase 2: First layer printing (T=5~30s)

[0081] G-code: G1 X50 Y50 Z0.2 B0 C0 E0.5 F1200;

[0082] Action breakdown:

[0083] X / Y / Z Movement: The TMC5160 driver receives pulses (2000 pulses / mm), and the X / Y axes move synchronously to (50,50).

[0084] The Z-axis stepper motor microsteps (256 microsteps) have been reduced to Z=0.2mm.

[0085] Extrusion control: The extrusion motor (E-axis) feeds material at 0.5mm intervals, and the TMC5160 monitors the current (normal value 0.8B±0.1B).

[0086] Temperature maintenance: PT100 samples every 100ms, and PID adjusts the PWM duty cycle (e.g., from 205°C to 210°C, the duty cycle drops to 75%).

[0087] Phase 3: Printing of overhanging curved surfaces (T=30~60s)

[0088] G-code: G1 X60 Y60 Z0.5 B30 C15 E0.6 F800.

[0089] Five-axis coordination:

[0090] B-axis oscillation: The servo motor accelerates to 30° at 0.5° / ms, with real-time encoder feedback (position error <0.01°).

[0091] When the nozzle is tilted, the Z-axis automatically compensates by +0.3mm (to prevent scratches).

[0092] C-axis rotation: The direct drive motor rotates 15°, and the torque command (peak torque 2 N·m) is transmitted via the CBN bus.

[0093] Dynamic extrusion:

[0094] Extrusion amount correction: 0.6mm×cos(30°) = 0.52mm, dynamically adjusted by stepper motor microsteps.

[0095] Collision avoidance detection: Real-time calculation of nozzle tip coordinates: [X+10×sin(B),Y+10×cos(B),Z+5×cos(C)], to ensure no interference with the platform.

[0096] Phase 4:

[0097] Interlayer transition (T=60~61s);

[0098] C-axis rotation: +5° (starting angle of the next layer);

[0099] Z-axis lift: +0.2mm (to prevent scratching during rotation); B-axis swing: 30°→25° (to reduce inertial impact).

[0100] Phase 5: Printing complete (T=300s), B / C axis zeroing: Servo motor slowly returns to zero (B axis 0°, C axis 0°).

[0101] Cooling process: Turn off heating, turn on cooling fan (PWM 100%); move nozzle to safe position (X0 Y0 Z50).

[0102] It should be noted that all features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all methods or processes disclosed, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0103] Furthermore, the specific embodiments described above are exemplary. Those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this utility model, and these solutions all fall within the scope of this utility model and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model specification and its drawings are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A five-axis printing device, characterized in that, include: The frame, in the form of a cage-like frame structure, bears the weight of the fuselage. The Z-axis lifting assembly is located on both sides of the frame and near the bottom of the frame; The C-axis rotary assembly is mounted between the two Z-axis lifting assemblies via a C-axis mounting plate and is located on the top surface of the two Z-axis lifting assemblies. The output end of the C-axis rotary assembly is equipped with a working platform. The Y-axis transverse translation components are located on both sides of the rack near the top. The X-axis transverse component is mounted between the two Y-axis transverse devices via an X-axis mounting plate and is located on the top surface of the two Y-axis transverse devices. The B-axis tilting assembly is set at the top of the X-axis via a B-axis angle bracket, and the printhead is located on the side of the B-axis tilting assembly facing the center of the frame.

2. The five-axis printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame includes feet, four vertical Z-axis guide columns set on the top surface of the feet, a Y-axis bracket set at the end of the Z-axis guide column away from the feet, a Y-axis guide column set between two Y-axis brackets on both sides of the frame, and a transverse fixing column set between two Y-axis brackets on the back side of the frame.

3. A five-axis printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Y-axis transverse component includes two Y-axis angle brackets arranged on the same side of the frame and a Y-axis slider slidably sleeved on the Y-axis guide post. Each of the two Y-axis angle brackets is provided with a corresponding Y-axis pulley. A Y-axis belt is sleeved between the two Y-axis pulleys, and at least one side of the Y-axis belt is close to the Y-axis slider. The side of the Y-axis belt close to the Y-axis slider is fixed to the Y-axis slider by at least one Y-axis fixing block.

4. A five-axis printing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The X-axis traverse assembly includes an X-axis mounting plate installed between Y-axis sliders located on both sides of the frame. X-axis angle brackets are provided on both sides of the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate. An X-axis guide rail is also provided on the top surface of the X-axis mounting plate and located between the two X-axis angle brackets. An X-axis slider is slidably mounted on the X-axis guide rail. A B-axis angle bracket is provided on the top surface of the X-axis slider. Corresponding X-axis pulleys are provided on the two X-axis angle brackets. An X-axis belt is sleeved between the two X-axis pulleys, with at least one side of the X-axis belt close to the B-axis angle bracket. The side of the X-axis belt close to the B-axis angle bracket is fixed to the B-axis angle bracket by at least one X-axis fixing block.

5. A five-axis printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A B-axis rotary motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the B-axis angle bracket away from the middle of the frame via several B-axis fixing columns. The output end of the B-axis rotary motor passes through the B-axis angle bracket at least partially, and a print head is mounted on the output end of the B-axis rotary motor.

6. A five-axis printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both sides of the frame are equipped with Z-axis lifting assemblies. The Z-axis lifting assembly includes a Z-axis motor mounting strip between two feet on the same side. A Z-axis lifting motor is installed on the bottom surface of the Z-axis motor mounting strip. The output end of the Z-axis lifting motor has at least a portion passing through the Z-axis mounting strip. Z-axis balance bars are slidably fitted on two Z-axis guide columns on the same side of the frame. The output end of the Z-axis lifting motor passes through the middle of the Z-axis balance bar and is threadedly connected to each other.

7. A five-axis printing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Z-axis guide sleeves are provided at both ends of the Z-axis balance bar, and the Z-axis guide sleeves are fitted onto the Z-axis guide column.

8. A five-axis printing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A Z-axis screw is installed on the output end of the Z-axis lifting motor, and a Z-axis threaded sleeve is fixedly installed at the middle position of the Z-axis balance bar corresponding to the Z-axis screw.

9. A five-axis printing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The C-axis rotation assembly includes a C-axis mounting plate disposed between two Z-axis balance bars. A C-axis rotation motor is mounted on one side of the bottom surface of the C-axis mounting plate via several C-axis fixing columns. The output end of the C-axis rotation motor passes through the C-axis mounting plate at least partially, and a work platform is fixedly mounted on the output end of the C-axis rotation motor.

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