A device for enriching and sampling pollutants in a river water body

Abstract

The utility model relates to water sample enrichment technical field discloses a kind of enrichment sampling device of river water body pollutant, including socket, detection frame and multiple enrichment devices.Detection frame adopts cylindrical support design, is connected recessed groove and can be axially rotated on socket top, and its outer periphery is equipped with multiple groups of installation clamping position for installing enrichment device.Spring is equipped with locating bead on socket, and cooperate with stepped limiting recess in the connecting recess of detection frame, reliable limiting and rotating positioning are realized.Equipment is ensured to sink steadily, and detection frame top is equipped with exhaust hole with exhaust valve.Enrichment device adopts modular DGT device, and quick installation and fixation are realized by clamping position groove and plug.This device makes each enrichment device bear water flow impact evenly by rotatable detection frame design, eliminates sampling deviation;Spring bead locking mechanism guarantees sampling stability;Modular design is convenient to operate;Exhaust system ensures sampling accuracy;Multiple sampling unit design improves sampling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water sample enrichment technology, and in particular to an enrichment sampling device for pollutants in river water. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industry and agriculture and the acceleration of urbanization, water pollution problems are showing a trend of increasingly complex pollutant types and continuously decreasing concentrations.

[0003] Water pollutant monitoring is a core task in environmental science. Heavy metals and nutrients, as typical persistent pollutants, pose risks of teratogenicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity. Traditional detection methods require collecting water samples at sampling points and performing complex pretreatment processes such as filtration, extraction, and concentration before concentration analysis. This process is cumbersome and prone to errors. The emergence of thin-film diffusion gradient (DGT) technology provides an efficient method for in-situ enrichment and detection. In particular, circular DGT devices can simultaneously enrich heavy metals, nutrients, and other substances, directly reflecting their bioavailability, and have been widely applied to pollutant monitoring in lakes.

[0004] In existing technologies, circular DGTs are commonly used to determine aquatic nutrients (nitrogen / phosphorus), heavy metals, nutrients, rare earth elements, and organic pollutants such as antibiotics, prohibited drugs, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, perfluorinated compounds, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, and endocrine disruptors, thereby revealing the bioavailability of these substances in aquatic bodies. Currently, DGT detection typically employs a device with multiple vertical detection surfaces installed on the outer wall of a PVC pipe and circular DGT probes mounted thereon. During use, the device is placed in surface water or sediment overlying water, allowing the target pollutants to be in-situ enriched through the DGT adsorption layer.

[0005] Although the above-mentioned testing device can complete the testing of DGT in surface water or overlying water, it has the following drawbacks: In areas with turbulent river flow, the direction and intensity of water flow impact on each vertical surface of the PVC pipe are uneven, which leads to differences in the DGT enrichment rate on different test surfaces, resulting in excessive error in the test results of different vertical test surfaces and inaccurate test results. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a sampling device for enriching pollutants in river water.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A sampling device for enriching pollutants in river water includes: an axially extending socket, a detection frame, and several enrichment devices;

[0009] The detection frame is fitted above the socket and can rotate along the socket axis. The detection frame is provided with multiple sets of mounting slots, and the enrichment device is detachably installed in the mounting slots.

[0010] The testing frame has a connecting groove at its bottom, a limiting recess is provided in the connecting groove, and a positioning bead is provided on the socket; the socket is fitted into the connecting groove of the testing frame and is limited by the positioning bead and the limiting recess.

[0011] Furthermore, the testing frame is a cylindrical support, the connecting groove is a cylindrical slot, and the cylindrical part of the testing frame is provided with multiple sets of mounting slots.

[0012] Furthermore, the limiting recess is a stepped groove, and the positioning bead is disposed above the stepped groove of the limiting recess.

[0013] Furthermore, the socket is provided with a socket groove, and the positioning bead is movably disposed within the socket groove.

[0014] Furthermore, a spring is provided inside the socket groove, and the positioning bead is movably disposed inside the socket groove by the spring.

[0015] Furthermore, the socket includes a tapered structure or a pin structure below it.

[0016] Furthermore, the top of the testing frame is also provided with an exhaust hole that connects to the internal connecting groove, and an exhaust valve is provided inside the exhaust hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the mounting slot is a slot in which several enrichment devices are engaged, and a capping plug for limiting the position is provided above the slot.

[0018] Furthermore, the pin structure includes a pin head and a pin seat, wherein the pin head and the pin seat are detachably abutted.

[0019] Furthermore, the enrichment device includes a DGT device, which comprises an adsorption membrane, a diffusion membrane, a filter membrane, a base, and a cover plate.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are:

[0021] ① By designing the detection frame as a cylindrical support that can be fitted onto the socket and rotate freely along its axis, the detection frame can automatically rotate in response to the dynamic water flow, continuously adjusting the orientation of each enrichment device, ensuring that the direction and intensity of the water flow impact experienced by all enrichment devices tend to be consistent during the sampling period. This effectively eliminates the influence of water flow exposure differences caused by fixed orientation on the pollutant diffusion and enrichment process, thereby significantly improving the comparability of sampling data from different orientations and the overall measurement accuracy.

[0022] ② This utility model adopts a socket structure combined with an innovative spring bead locking mechanism. Through the abutment of the positioning bead on the socket with the limiting recess of the detection frame, reliable limiting and rotational positioning of the detection frame are achieved, avoiding displacement caused by water flow impact during sampling. The spring-loaded positioning bead design further enhances the stability of the connection, ensuring that the enrichment device maintains its preset posture in complex water flow environments and improving the accuracy of sampling data.

[0023] ③ This utility model adopts a modular slot design, allowing the enrichment device to be easily inserted into or removed from the installation slot like a drawer. The cap plug above the slot provides reliable physical restraint, effectively preventing the enrichment device from accidentally loosening or shifting during equipment transportation, deployment, retrieval, and underwater operation (such as water flow impact or detection frame rotation).

[0024] ④ This utility model provides an exhaust hole and an exhaust valve with a connecting groove on the top of the testing frame; when the equipment sinks, the exhaust valve allows the internal air to be discharged smoothly, ensuring that the equipment can sink to the predetermined position quickly, smoothly and with the correct posture, and that the enrichment device can fully contact the target environmental medium (water or interstitial water), thereby improving the accuracy and representativeness of the sampling.

[0025] ⑤ This utility model has multiple sets of mounting slots for attaching enrichment devices on the outer periphery of the bracket, which enables the deployment of multiple enrichment devices in a single equipment deployment. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of the sampling equipment;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling equipment;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a front view of the sampling equipment;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the sampling equipment;

[0031] Figure 5 This is an enlarged diagram of A;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the testing frame;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the enrichment device;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a front view of the detection device installed underwater;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a top view of the detection device installed underwater;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 3.

[0037] The accompanying figure is labeled as follows:

[0038] 1. Socket; 101. Positioning bead; 102. Socket groove; 2. Testing frame; 201. Mounting slot; 202. Connecting groove; 203. Limiting recess; 3. Enrichment device; 4. Exhaust valve; 5. Plug; 6. Pin head; 7. Pin seat; 8. Adsorption membrane; 9. Diffusion membrane; 10. Filter membrane; 11. Base; 12. Cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment discloses an enrichment sampling device for pollutants in river water, including: an axially extending socket 1, a detection frame 2, and several enrichment devices 3;

[0043] The testing frame 2 is connected above the socket 1 and can rotate along the axis of the socket 1. The testing frame 2 is provided with multiple sets of mounting slots 201, and the enrichment device 3 is detachably installed in the mounting slots 201.

[0044] The test frame 2 has a connecting groove 202 at the bottom, and a limiting recess 203 is provided in the connecting groove 202. The socket 1 is provided with a positioning bead 101. The socket 1 is fitted into the connecting groove 202 of the test frame 2, and abuts against the limiting recess 203 through the positioning bead 101.

[0045] The testing frame 2 is a cylindrical support, the connecting groove 202 is a cylindrical slot, and the cylindrical part of the testing frame 2 is provided with multiple sets of mounting slots 201.

[0046] The limiting recess 203 is a stepped groove, and the positioning bead 101 is set above the stepped groove of the limiting recess 203.

[0047] When starting work, first insert multiple DGT enrichment devices 3 into the mounting slots 201 on the circumference of the detection frame 2 in sequence, and then cover and tighten the cap 5 to ensure that each enrichment device will not fall off under the impact of water flow.

[0048] Then fix the bottom of socket 1 to the bottom of the river or sampling platform, ensuring that socket 1 is stable and not loose; then install the equipment by inserting the bottom of socket 1 into the bottom sediment (such as mud or rock) of the lake or reservoir, ensuring that socket 1 is vertically fixed.

[0049] After the socket 1 is fixed, open the exhaust valve 4 on the top of the test frame 2 and slowly immerse the test frame 2 in water to allow the air in the connecting groove 202 to be discharged through the exhaust valve 4. At this time, the positioning bead 101 on the socket 1 is pressed into the socket groove 102 under the action of the spring. After the test frame 2 is pressed down into place, the positioning bead 101 pops out and is locked into the stepped groove of the limiting recess 203, so as to achieve reliable connection and limiting fixation of the two.

[0050] When water flows, the test frame 2 will rotate along the axis of the socket 1, and the lower groove of its positioning recess 203 will abut against the positioning bead 101, thereby preventing the test frame 2 from falling off the socket 1.

[0051] After all the bubbles have been expelled, close the exhaust valve 4 to ensure that the device is completely submerged. At this point, each DGT device will begin to enrich pollutants in the water using a gradient method.

[0052] Then, based on the target sampling water depth, the socket 1 is adjusted to be inserted into the appropriate position of the sediment to adapt to the sampling requirements of different water depths (such as shallow sediment interfaces or mid-water bodies) and improve the adjustment accuracy.

[0053] During the collection process, due to the abnormally turbulent water flow in the river, the detection frame 2 can dynamically rotate around the cylindrical socket 1 in response to the turbulent water flow, continuously adjusting the orientation of each enrichment device 3. This ensures that the direction and intensity of the water flow impact experienced by all enrichment devices 3 during the sampling period tend to be consistent, effectively eliminating the influence of water flow exposure differences caused by fixed orientation on the pollutant diffusion and enrichment process, thereby significantly improving the comparability of sampling data from different orientations and the overall measurement accuracy.

[0054] After a certain period of enrichment sampling, the detection frame 2 can be lifted directly upwards to disengage the positioning bead 101 from the limiting recess 203, thereby releasing the detection frame 2 from the socket 1. The enrichment device 3 can then be removed by inverting it and sent to the laboratory for analysis of pollutant concentration. Alternatively, a specific enrichment device 3 can be replaced separately, reinstalled, and monitoring can continue.

[0055] As one embodiment, the socket 1 is provided with a socket groove 102, and the positioning bead 101 is movably disposed in the socket groove 102.

[0056] A spring is provided inside the socket recess 102, and the positioning bead 101 is movably set inside the socket recess 102 by the spring.

[0057] When the device starts working, before the test frame 2 is connected to the socket 1, the positioning bead 101 protrudes out of the socket groove 102 under the action of the spring, and is in a ready-to-lock state. At this time, about 1 / 3 of the spherical surface of the positioning bead 101 is exposed, which facilitates subsequent engagement with the limiting recess 203 of the test frame.

[0058] When the connecting groove 202 of the test frame 2 is fitted downwards into the socket 1, the inner wall of the connecting groove 202 first contacts the protruding part of the positioning bead 101. As the pressure continues to fall, the positioning bead 101 is squeezed back into the socket groove 102, the spring is compressed and stores energy, and at this time the test frame 2 can move downwards smoothly.

[0059] When the testing frame 2 moves down to the position of the limiting recess 203, the spring pushes the positioning bead 101 outward and it gets into the upper groove of the limiting recess 203. At this time, the positioning bead 101 and the vertical surface of the stepped groove form a mechanical limit to prevent the testing frame 2 from moving down further or accidentally falling off.

[0060] When sampling is complete and disassembly is required, pull the test frame 2 upwards with force. The stepped surface of the limiting recess 203 will squeeze the positioning bead 101 back into the socket groove 102. The spring will be compressed again until the positioning bead 101 is completely separated from the limiting recess 203, thus separating the test frame 2 from the socket 1.

[0061] As one embodiment, the top of the testing frame 2 is also provided with an exhaust hole that communicates with the internal connecting groove 202, and an exhaust valve 4 is provided in the exhaust hole.

[0062] The mounting slot 201 is a slot in which several enrichment devices 3 are engaged. A cap 5 for limiting the position is also provided above the slot.

[0063] When installing the enrichment device 3, multiple enrichment devices 3 (such as DGT devices) are pushed laterally into the slot of the mounting slot 201, and then locked.

[0064] During the sinking installation, the socket 1 is inserted into the riverbed, the detection frame 2 is fitted on top of the socket 1, and then the exhaust valve 4 is opened. The air between the connecting groove 202 and the socket 1 is discharged through the exhaust hole, so that the detection frame 2 is stably fitted on the appropriate position above the socket 1, and the enrichment device 3 on the detection frame 2 is submerged in the lake water, thereby ensuring the overall measurement accuracy.

[0065] The enrichment device 3 is inserted horizontally into the locking groove, and the cap 5 is pressed down and locked to form a limit, which can effectively prevent the enrichment device 3 from falling out of the locking groove due to the surge of lake water.

[0066] As one embodiment, the pin structure includes a pin head 6 and a pin seat 7, which are detachably connected.

[0067] The enrichment device 3 includes a DGT device, which includes an adsorption membrane 8, a diffusion membrane 9, a filter membrane 10, a base 11, and a cover plate 12.

[0068] When assembling the enrichment device 3, first assemble the DGT device. Stack the adsorption membrane 8, diffusion membrane 9, and filter membrane 10 on the base 11 in sequence, and fix them with the cover plate 12 and the base 11 to ensure that each membrane layer is tightly attached without air bubbles. Then, push the assembled DGT device horizontally into the mounting slot 201 of the detection frame 2 for underwater enrichment sampling.

[0069] Water flows through the opening at the front end of the cover plate 12 of the DGT device, and sequentially penetrates the filter membrane 10 (filtering suspended solids and organisms) and the diffusion membrane 9 (controlling the diffusion rate of pollutants). Finally, the target pollutants are selectively enriched by the adsorption membrane 8. The diffusion membrane 9 forms a fixed diffusion gradient, so that the pollutants are captured by the adsorption membrane 8 at a steady-state rate according to the molecular weight / charge characteristics, thereby achieving sampling.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment discloses a sampling device for enriching pollutants in river water. When the riverbed is a "soft bottom" such as bottom mud and gravel, the socket 1 of this application has a conical structure below it.

[0072] During operation, the conical structure of socket 1 is vertically inserted into the riverbed (such as silt, sand or clay). The tip of the cone penetrates into the bottom mud by manual or mechanical pressure, and the cone surface contacts the bottom material to form a friction anchor.

[0073] At this point, the conical structure is completely submerged in the bottom mud, with only the top of socket 1 exposed. The conical tip of socket 1 is embedded in the cracks of the bottom mud and gravel, and its sidewalls adhere to the bottom material to enhance stability.

[0074] When water impacts the testing frame 2, the conical structure of the socket 1 can be firmly connected to the riverbed to prevent the river water from washing it away.

[0075] When the equipment needs to be recycled, the top of the conical structure is clamped and an upward pulling force is slowly applied. The inclination of the conical surface reduces the resistance to bottom sediment adsorption, thus achieving non-destructive recycling.

[0076] This embodiment solves the technical problem of poor stability and easy overturning of traditional sampling equipment in riverbeds with sediment and gravel by optimizing the mechanical properties of the conical structure and designing for environmental adaptability. It provides a highly reliable hardware foundation for monitoring pollutant flux at the inlet and outlet of lakes and reservoirs.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] like Figure 1-10 As shown, this embodiment discloses an enrichment sampling device for pollutants in river water. When the riverbed is a "hard bottom" such as a stone bottom or a concrete bottom, the socket 1 of this application has a pin structure below it.

[0079] As one embodiment, the socket 1 has a pin structure below it; the pin structure includes a pin head 6 and a pin seat 7, and the pin head 6 and the pin seat 7 are detachably connected.

[0080] During operation, a hole is drilled on the surface of a hard substrate (such as rock or concrete), with the hole diameter matching the outer diameter of the pin seat 7. The pin seat 7 is then embedded into the drilled hole, and an anchoring agent (such as epoxy resin) is injected to fix it. After curing, a permanent anchoring point is formed. The top of the pin seat 7 protrudes from the surface of the substrate and has an internal thread or slot interface. The pin seat 7 is permanently anchored to the hard substrate, and the same anchor point can be repeatedly connected to the connection socket 1, reducing the cost of multi-point monitoring.

[0081] During installation, align the pin 6 at the bottom of socket 1 with the pin seat 7, and lock it by screwing or snapping to complete the detachable connection between socket 1 and the hard base.

[0082] Specifically, a rubber sealing ring is installed at the interface between pin head 6 and pin seat 7 to prevent water seepage and corrosion, and to ensure connection stability during long-term monitoring.

[0083] Specifically, multiple pin seats 7 can be deployed on the rigid substrate, supporting the array arrangement of sockets 1 to simultaneously monitor the spatial distribution gradient of pollutants.

[0084] Specifically, pin head 6 and pin seat 7 are made of duplex stainless steel, which can reduce the corrosion rate in brackish water environments.

[0085] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating this utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A sampling device for enriching pollutants in river water, characterized in that, include: An axially extending socket (1), a detection frame (2), and several enrichment devices (3); The detection frame (2) is sleeved above the socket (1) and can rotate along the axial direction of the socket (1). The detection frame (2) is provided with multiple sets of mounting slots (201). The enrichment device (3) is detachably installed in the mounting slots (201). The testing frame (2) has a connecting groove (202) below it, and a limiting recess (203) is provided in the connecting groove (202). The socket (1) is provided with a positioning bead (101). The socket (1) is fitted into the connecting groove (202) of the testing frame (2), and is limited by the positioning bead (101) abutting against the limiting recess (203).

2. The river water pollutant enrichment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing frame (2) is a cylindrical support, the connecting groove (202) is a cylindrical slot, and the cylindrical part of the testing frame (2) is provided with multiple sets of mounting slots (201).

3. The river water pollutant enrichment sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting recess (203) is a stepped groove, and the positioning bead (101) is disposed above the stepped groove of the limiting recess (203).

4. The river water pollutant enrichment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The socket (1) is provided with a socket groove (102), and the positioning bead (101) is movably disposed in the socket groove (102).

5. The river water pollutant enrichment sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A spring is provided inside the socket groove (102), and the positioning bead (101) is movably disposed inside the socket groove (102) by means of the spring.

6. The river water pollutant enrichment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The socket (1) includes a tapered structure or a pin structure below it.

7. The river water pollutant enrichment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the testing frame (2) is also provided with an exhaust hole that connects to the internal connecting groove (202), and an exhaust valve (4) is provided in the exhaust hole.

8. The river water pollutant enrichment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting slot (201) is a slot groove, and several enrichment devices (3) are engaged in the slot groove. A cap (5) for limiting the position is also provided above the slot groove.

9. The river water pollutant enrichment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin structure includes a pin head (6) and a pin seat (7), wherein the pin head (6) and the pin seat (7) are detachably abutted.

10. The river water pollutant enrichment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enrichment device (3) includes a DGT device, which includes an adsorption membrane (8), a diffusion membrane (9), a filter membrane (10), a base (11), and a cover plate (12).

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