A loess slope meteorological geological disaster comprehensive experiment simulation platform

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of loess side slope meteorological geological disaster comprehensive experiment simulation platform, including angle steel frame, be equipped with side slope model in angle steel frame, distributed optical fiber sensor is arranged in side slope model, the bottom front side of side slope model is supported by adjusting bottom plate, the bottom rear side of side slope model is supported by filter water tank, angle cylinder is connected in adjusting bottom plate lower part, vibrator is set in adjusting bottom plate upper part, the loading plate driven by loading cylinder is equipped with in the top of side slope model, the top of loading plate is equipped with spray plate, still include the PLC control box for controlling experimental electrical element, PLC control box is electrically connected computer terminal. The stability of the side slope can be studied by multiple factors in the present application, including simulating rainfall, loading, vibration, base angle change, simple structure, easy operation, guarantee the reliability of loess side slope model experiment, while using PLC control box, distributed optical fiber sensor, optical fiber collector, high-definition camera and the like control record model experiment whole process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of the influence of simulated precipitation, slope load changes, seismic waves, blasting vibration waves, and changes in the base angle of loess slopes on the stability of loess slopes. Specifically, it relates to a comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Northwest my country is rich in mineral resources and has a thick layer of loess deposits, containing numerous natural and artificial slopes. Extreme weather and mining operations can trigger landslides, making the study of factors influencing slope stability of significant scientific and engineering importance. Because of the numerous uncontrollable and uncertain factors in the field, experimental operations are complex and difficult. Therefore, indoor model experiments are a more effective method, providing a more direct view of the observed conditions, which is crucial for slope stability research. Previous slope model experiments mostly only analyzed one or two stability-influencing factors, failing to provide a comprehensive multi-factor study of slope stability. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems in related technologies, this utility model provides a comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes, which can solve the above problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] A comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes includes an angle steel frame, within which a slope model is housed. Distributed fiber optic sensors are arranged within the slope model. The front bottom of the slope model is supported by an adjustable base plate, and the rear bottom of the slope model is supported by a water filter tank. An angle cylinder is connected to the lower part of the adjustable base plate, and a vibrator is installed on the upper part of the adjustable base plate. A loading plate driven by a loading cylinder is installed above the slope model, and a spray plate is installed above the loading plate. The platform also includes a PLC control box for controlling the experimental electrical components, and the PLC control box is electrically connected to a computer terminal.

[0006] Furthermore, the distributed optical fiber sensor is electrically connected to the optical fiber data acquisition unit, and the optical fiber data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the PLC control box.

[0007] Furthermore, the water filter tank is connected to the water storage tank via a circulation pipe, and a circulation pump is installed on the circulation pipe. The circulation pump is electrically connected to the PLC control box.

[0008] Furthermore, the vibrator is electrically connected to the frequency converter, and the frequency converter is electrically connected to the PLC control box.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle cylinder is connected to an air pump via an air supply pipe, and an air regulating valve is provided at the input end of the angle cylinder. An angle sensor is provided at the connection between the adjusting base plate and the water filter box. The air pump, the air regulating valve, and the angle sensor are all electrically connected to the PLC control box.

[0010] Furthermore, the loading cylinder is connected above the loading plate, and the loading cylinder is connected to the air pump through an air supply pipe. The input end of the loading cylinder is equipped with an air regulating valve. The loading plate is equipped with a pressure sensor. The air pump, the air regulating valve, and the pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the PLC control box.

[0011] Furthermore, the spray plate is connected to a water storage tank via an inlet pipe, and a spray pump is installed on the inlet pipe. A water flow regulating valve and a return pipe are installed at the outlet of the spray pump. The end of the return pipe extends into the water storage tank. Both the spray pump and the water flow regulating valve are electrically connected to the PLC control box.

[0012] Furthermore, a high-definition camera is installed at one corner of the upper part of the angle steel frame, and the high-definition camera is electrically connected to the computer terminal.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This application can conduct multi-factor comprehensive research on slope stability, including simulating rainfall, loading, vibration, and base angle changes. It has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and ensures the reliability of model experiments on loess slopes. At the same time, it uses a PLC control box, distributed fiber optic sensors, fiber optic data acquisition devices, and high-definition cameras to control and record the entire process of model experiments, resulting in a high degree of automation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes, as described in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of a comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes, as described in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] In the picture:

[0019] 1. Angle steel frame; 2. Sprayer plate; 3. Water inlet pipe; 4. Water flow regulating valve; 5. Spray pump; 6. Circulation pump; 7. Water storage tank; 8. Water filter tank; 9. Circulation pipe; 10. Return pipe; 11. PLC control box; 12. Computer terminal; 13. Slope model; 14. Distributed fiber optic sensor; 15. Vibrator; 16. Adjustment base plate; 17. Air pump; 18. Air supply pipe 1; 19. Loading plate; 20. Loading cylinder; 21. Air regulating valve 1; 22. Pressure sensor; 23. Frequency converter; 24. Angle cylinder; 25. Angle sensor; 26. Power supply; 27. High-definition camera; 28. Fiber optic data acquisition device. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] like Figure 1-2 As shown, this utility model discloses a comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes, which uses multi-system linkage to simulate the complex action mechanism of real slope disasters.

[0022] The experimental platform consists of an external angle steel frame 1, with a spray plate 2 mounted on top. The spray plate 2, along with a spray pump 5, a circulation pump 6, a water flow regulating valve 4, a water storage tank 7, and a filter tank 8, forms a rainfall system to simulate the impact of rainfall on the stability of loess slopes under different rainfall conditions. Specifically, the water storage tank 7 is connected to the spray pump 5 via an inlet pipe 3. The outlet of the spray pump 5 is equipped with a water flow regulating valve 4 and a return pipe 10, which is finally connected to the spray plate 2 via the inlet pipe 3. The return pipe 10 can recover the water remaining in the inlet pipe 3 when the simulated rainfall stops. The spray pump 5 and the water flow regulating valve 4 are controlled by a PLC control box 11. The water flow data is then transmitted from the PLC control box 11 to a computer terminal 12 for real-time monitoring and control of rainfall intensity. The filter tank 8 filters the water that flows to the bottom of the model during simulated rainfall. The filter tank is connected to a circulation pipe 9, and the water in the filter tank 8 is recovered by the circulation pump 6 and returned to the water storage tank 7.

[0023] The upper part of the angle steel frame 1 is also equipped with a loading plate 19. The loading plate 19, together with the loading cylinder 20, air regulating valve 21, air pump 17, pressure sensor 22, etc., form a surcharge loading system to simulate the changes in slope surcharge. Specifically, the loading plate 19 is connected to the loading cylinder 20. The loading cylinder 20 transmits power to the air pump 17 through the air supply pipe 18. The power is controlled by the air regulating valve 21, thereby controlling the pressure of the loading plate 19 on the slope surface. The loading plate 19 is equipped with a pressure sensor 22, which monitors the pressure on the slope surface during the loading process. It, along with the air pump 17 and air regulating valve 21, is controlled by a PLC control box 11, and the PLC control box 11 transmits the data to the computer terminal 12 for real-time monitoring and control of the surcharge loading intensity.

[0024] The bottom of the slope model 13 is equipped with a vibrator 15. The vibrator 15, together with the frequency converter 23 and the power supply 26, forms a vibration loading system to simulate the impact of loads such as seismic waves and blasting vibration waves on the stability of the loess slope. Specifically, the vibrator 15 and the frequency converter 23 are installed on the upper part of the base plate 16. The two are connected to the PLC control box 11 and the computer terminal 12. Power is provided by the power supply 26, and the frequency converter 23 is controlled by the computer terminal 12. The frequency converter 23 controls the vibrator 15 to simulate the impact of loads such as seismic waves and blasting vibration waves on the stability of the loess slope.

[0025] The slope model 13 is equipped with components such as an angle cylinder 24, an angle sensor 25, and an adjusting base plate 16 at its lower part. These components are used to simulate changes in the base angle of a loess slope and to analyze the stability of loess slopes located on ancient landslides or on rocky bases. Specifically, the angle steel frame 1 has an angle cylinder 24 connected to the lower part, which is connected to the adjusting base plate 16 to correct the angle of the adjusting base plate 16 and simulate loess slope bases at different angles. The angle cylinder 24 is connected to an air pump 17, with an air regulating valve in between. The entire system is controlled by a PLC control box 11. An angle sensor 25 is installed at the connection between the adjusting base plate 16 and the water filter tank 8 to monitor changes in the slope angle. The adjusting base plate 16 is designed to be telescopic, allowing its length to be adjusted according to changes in the angle.

[0026] In a specific embodiment of this application, the external structure of the experimental platform is an angle steel frame 1 with dimensions of 500mm × 800mm × 1000mm. Based on the physical simulation similarity conditions and model size ratio, the geometric similarity ratio of the model is determined to be within the range of 100-20, and the bulk density similarity ratio is 1. A base plate is set at the bottom of the experimental platform frame, on which similar material models can be laid. The similar materials include river sand, clay, gypsum, borax, white powder, cork chips, etc. The similar material mix is ​​designed according to the mechanical parameters of loess. The range of physical and mechanical parameters such as density, compressive strength, cohesion, internal friction angle, elastic modulus, and Poisson's ratio of the similar materials are obtained through weighing, uniaxial compression test, Brazilian splitting test, and direct shear test. The ratio law of the physical and mechanical parameters of the similar materials is determined by empirical equation regression model.

[0027] In a specific embodiment of this application, the nozzles of the spray plate 2 are arranged in an equidistant array to simulate real rainfall as much as possible; the spray pump 5 and the spray plate 2 serve to pump water and simulate rainfall, and the intensity of the simulated rainfall can be controlled by the water flow regulating valve 4. The circulating pump 6 then pumps the rainwater from the filter tank 8 for recycling.

[0028] In one specific embodiment of this application, the loading plate 19 is connected to the loading cylinder 20, and the loading intensity is controlled by adjusting the air pump 17 through the air regulating valve 21. A pressure sensor 22 is also installed to detect the actual pressure on the slope surface. Vibration loading can be superimposed on the entire process of rainfall, surcharge, and angle adjustment. A frequency converter 23 is used to precisely control the vibration frequency and amplitude, taking into account both seismic wave and blasting vibration simulations, thus enhancing the research capability for slope response under various complex working conditions.

[0029] In one specific embodiment of this application, an adjustment base plate 16, an angle sensor 25, an angle cylinder 24, and an air regulating valve 2 are provided below the angle steel frame 1. A closed-loop control system using a cylinder-driven + angle sensor is employed, and a variable angle base plate combined with a pneumatic control mechanism is designed. This allows for dynamic adjustment of the slope base inclination angle and real-time angle adjustment during loading, simulating the landslide-collapse evolution process in a natural environment, thus improving the realism and operability of the experiment.

[0030] In one specific embodiment of this application, a distributed fiber optic sensor 14 is arranged inside the slope model 13 to collect fiber optic sensor signals, thereby realizing synchronous full-domain monitoring of multiple parameters such as stress, strain, temperature, humidity, and acceleration inside the slope. Combined with a high-definition camera and a PLC system, the data fusion analysis of the entire process of slope instability evolution is realized.

[0031] The simulation platform described in this application includes the following steps in its actual use:

[0032] 1. First, before the experiment, fill the water tank 7 with water, connect the power supply 26, and start the PLC control box 11 and the computer terminal 12 used for the experiment.

[0033] 2. Based on the slope base angle required for the experiment, use the computer terminal 12 and PLC control box 11 to control the air pump 17, air regulating valve 2, and angle cylinder 24 according to the data from the angle sensor 25, and set up the adjustment base plate 16.

[0034] 3. Prepare the slope test soil according to the required proportions, dry the model in a drying room, monitor the moisture content of the material, and ensure that it meets the experimental requirements.

[0035] 4. Build the experimental slope model 13, and lay out the distributed optical fiber sensors 14 and connect the optical fiber data acquisition device 28 according to the experimental requirements.

[0036] 5. Control the rainfall system, stacking loading system and vibration loading system as needed through the computer terminal 12 and PLC control box 11, start the high-definition camera 27, monitor and record the data of each sensor and save the video data of the high-definition camera 27.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes, characterized in that, The system includes an angle steel frame (1), a slope model (13) inside the angle steel frame (1), a distributed fiber optic sensor (14) inside the slope model (13), the bottom front side of the slope model (13) is supported by an adjusting base plate (16), the bottom rear side of the slope model (13) is supported by a water filter box (8), an angle cylinder (24) is connected to the lower part of the adjusting base plate (16), a vibrator (15) is provided on the upper part of the adjusting base plate (16), a loading plate (19) driven by a loading cylinder (20) is provided above the slope model (13), a spray plate (2) is provided above the loading plate (19), and a PLC control box (11) for controlling experimental electrical components is also included. The PLC control box (11) is electrically connected to a computer terminal (12).

2. The comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed optical fiber sensor (14) is electrically connected to the optical fiber collector (28), and the optical fiber collector (28) is electrically connected to the PLC control box (11).

3. The comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter tank (8) is connected to the storage tank (7) through the circulation pipe (9). The circulation pipe (9) is equipped with a circulation pump (6), which is electrically connected to the PLC control box (11).

4. The comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrator (15) is electrically connected to the frequency converter (23), and the frequency converter (23) is electrically connected to the PLC control box (11).

5. The comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle cylinder (24) is connected to the air pump (17) through the second air supply pipe. The input end of the angle cylinder (24) is provided with the second air regulating valve. An angle sensor (25) is provided at the connection between the adjustment base plate (16) and the water filter box (8). The air pump (17), the second air regulating valve and the angle sensor (25) are all electrically connected to the PLC control box (11).

6. The comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading cylinder (20) is connected above the loading plate (19). The loading cylinder (20) is connected to the air pump (17) through the air supply pipe (18). The input end of the loading cylinder (20) is provided with an air regulating valve (21). The loading plate (19) is equipped with a pressure sensor (22). The air pump (17), the air regulating valve (21), and the pressure sensor (22) are all electrically connected to the PLC control box (11).

7. The comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray plate (2) is connected to the water storage tank (7) through the water inlet pipe (3). The water inlet pipe (3) is equipped with a spray pump (5). The outlet of the spray pump (5) is equipped with a water flow regulating valve (4) and a return pipe (10). The end of the return pipe (10) extends into the water storage tank (7). The spray pump (5) and the water flow regulating valve (4) are both electrically connected to the PLC control box (11).

8. The comprehensive experimental simulation platform for meteorological and geological disasters on loess slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A high-definition camera (27) is installed at one corner of the upper part of the angle steel frame (1), and the high-definition camera (27) is electrically connected to the computer terminal (12).

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