Electrochromic-based window film

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of based on electrochromic car window film, including the protective layer, light-adjusting layer and explosion-proof adhesive layer of sequentially laminated composite;The light-adjusting layer includes the first electrode layer, near-infrared barrier layer, electrolyte layer, electrochromic layer and second electrode layer of sequentially laminated, the first electrode layer with the protective layer contact;Wherein, the near-infrared barrier layer is by the light-transmitting transparent structure of the metal oxide film that covers in the surface of conductive substrate and, with the composition of conductive substrate.By near-infrared barrier layer and electrochromic layer, to respectively near-infrared light and visible light are blocked, realize two-stage control, can significantly reduce the heat radiation to car interior, to effectively reduce the refrigeration energy consumption of air conditioner in car, and can improve shading efficiency, improve driving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive electronics technology, and more specifically, to a car window film based on electrochromic properties. Background Technology

[0002] The solar spectrum mainly consists of ultraviolet, near-infrared, and visible light, with visible and near-infrared light being the primary energy sources. Electrochromism refers to the phenomenon where the optical properties (transmittance, absorptivity, reflectivity, etc.) of a material change reversibly under the influence of an applied electric field. Products manufactured using electrochromic technology will change color under an external voltage, enhancing the absorption of visible light.

[0003] Currently, most automotive window films use traditional metal or ceramic films, which can only block a portion of light in a fixed wavelength range. They cannot change according to environmental changes and cannot adapt to dynamic lighting environments. Furthermore, metal or ceramic films have high reflectivity, which can easily lead to a dark interior. In addition, they cannot effectively block near-infrared light, have poor heat insulation performance, and can easily cause the interior temperature to rise, greatly increasing the cooling energy consumption of the car's air conditioning. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an electrochromic car window film to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0006] An electrochromic window film includes a protective layer, a dimming layer, and an explosion-proof adhesive layer stacked sequentially. The dimming layer includes a first electrode layer, a near-infrared blocking layer, an electrolyte layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second electrode layer stacked sequentially, with the first electrode layer in contact with the protective layer. The near-infrared blocking layer is a light-transmitting transparent structure composed of a conductive substrate and a metal oxide film covering the surface of the conductive substrate.

[0007] In the above scheme, light enters the vehicle cabin after passing through the protective layer, dimming layer, and explosion-proof adhesive layer in sequence. The protective layer provides physical protection and absorbs some ultraviolet rays. The explosion-proof adhesive layer enhances the overall impact resistance and facilitates adhesion to the windows. The near-infrared blocking layer absorbs and blocks near-infrared light, preventing it from entering the vehicle and reducing heat radiation inside, thus lowering the interior temperature. In hot weather, this effectively reduces the cooling energy consumption of the vehicle's air conditioning. The first and second electrode layers are conductive. By applying voltage to the first and second electrode layers, the internal electrochromic layer changes color, altering its optical properties and reducing the transmittance of visible light. Under high light intensity, the electrochromic layer... The color-changing layer serves to block light, further reducing heat radiation inside the vehicle and lowering the temperature. It also reduces glare intensity, ensuring driving safety. Additionally, the near-infrared blocking layer is transparent with high visible light transmittance, allowing it to process different wavelengths of light independently, thus avoiding spectral interference between the two layers and ensuring processing efficiency. Furthermore, the near-infrared blocking layer consists of a conductive substrate and a metal oxide film covering it. The metal oxide film possesses excellent conductivity and chemical stability, effectively ensuring the overall chemical stability of the structure without affecting conductivity, thereby enhancing reliability and extending service life.

[0008] In one example of this invention, the near-infrared blocking layer is a core-shell structure composed of indium tin oxide and zinc oxide.

[0009] In the above scheme, indium tin oxide (ITO) serves as the core and zinc oxide as the shell, encapsulating ITO to form a core-shell structure. Zinc oxide protects the internal ITO from oxidation or corrosion, preventing it from directly contacting the electrolyte layer and improving the chemical stability and durability of the entire structure. The structure composed of ITO and zinc oxide can selectively block near-infrared light to achieve good heat insulation.

[0010] In one example of this invention, the protective layer is a PET film.

[0011] In the above scheme, PET film has good mechanical properties and can block most of the ultraviolet rays from passing through, thus providing good protection.

[0012] In one example of this invention, both the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are transparent structures that allow light to pass through.

[0013] In the above scheme, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are made into transparent structures to avoid interfering with the passage of light.

[0014] In one example of this invention, the first electrode layer is a mesh structure.

[0015] In the above scheme, the mesh-structured electrode has high porosity, allowing visible light to pass through directly, resulting in better light transmittance, as well as good conductivity and response speed.

[0016] In one example of this invention, the second electrode layer is any one of indium tin oxide film, fluorine-doped tin oxide film, or aluminum-doped zinc oxide film.

[0017] In one example of this invention, the electrolyte layer is a solid electrolyte and has a multi-layered gradient structure.

[0018] In the above scheme, the electrolyte layer uses a solid electrolyte. Compared with liquid electrolyte, solid electrolyte can effectively avoid low-temperature failure and enhance applicability and reliability. In addition, the solid electrolyte has a multi-layered gradient structure, which can be adjusted to have a variety of different properties, thereby enhancing the reliability of use.

[0019] In one example of this invention, the electrolyte layer includes a conductive layer, a buffer layer, and an anti-ultraviolet layer arranged sequentially.

[0020] In the above scheme, the conductive layer has high ionic conductivity to allow ions to pass through quickly, the buffer layer has good flexibility to absorb the expansion generated by the positive and negative electrodes during the discharge process, thereby absorbing the mechanical stress generated inside and playing a buffering role to prevent electrode cracking or interface delamination caused by excessive internal stress, thus enhancing the reliability of use, and the UV-resistant layer is used to block ultraviolet rays to prevent the electrochromic layer from degrading.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention uses a layered near-infrared blocking layer and an electrochromic layer to block near-infrared light and visible light respectively, achieving dual-level regulation. This can significantly reduce heat radiation inside the vehicle, lower the temperature, and thus effectively reduce the cooling energy consumption of the vehicle's air conditioning. Furthermore, when the light intensity is strong, the electrochromic layer can change color to improve the light-blocking efficiency, reduce the glare intensity of the light, avoid affecting the driver, and improve safety. The near-infrared blocking layer of this invention has high visible light transmittance and does not affect the passage of light in the visible light band. This allows the near-infrared blocking layer and the electrochromic layer to process light in different bands respectively, which can prevent spectral interference and improve processing efficiency. The near-infrared blocking layer of this invention is a composite structure consisting of a conductive substrate and an oxide film attached to the surface of the conductive substrate. While not affecting conductivity, it can effectively ensure the chemical stability of the overall structure, thereby enhancing reliability and extending service life. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a car window film according to one embodiment.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrolyte layer in this utility model.

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1-Protective layer; 2-Dimming layer; 21-First electrode layer; 22-Near-infrared blocking layer; 23-Electrolyte layer; 231-Conductive layer; 232-Buffer layer; 233-Anti-ultraviolet layer; 24-Electrochromic layer; 25-Second electrode layer; 3-Explosion-proof adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To facilitate understanding of this invention, a more comprehensive description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. However, this invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electrochromic car window film is provided, comprising a protective layer 1, a dimming layer 2, and an explosion-proof adhesive layer 3 stacked sequentially. The dimming layer 2 comprises a first electrode layer 21, a near-infrared blocking layer 22, an electrolyte layer 23, an electrochromic layer 24, and a second electrode layer 25 stacked sequentially. The first electrode layer 21 is in contact with the protective layer 1. The near-infrared blocking layer 22 is a light-transmitting transparent structure composed of a conductive substrate and a metal oxide film covering the surface of the conductive substrate.

[0028] Specifically, the explosion-proof adhesive layer 3 is installed on the vehicle window. Light passes through the protective layer 1, the dimming layer 2, and the explosion-proof adhesive layer 3 in sequence before entering the vehicle cabin. The protective layer 1 provides physical protection and absorbs some ultraviolet rays. The explosion-proof adhesive layer 3 enhances the overall impact resistance and is easy to install on the vehicle window. The near-infrared blocking layer 22 absorbs and blocks near-infrared light to prevent it from entering the vehicle, thereby reducing heat radiation and lowering the interior temperature. In hot weather, this effectively reduces the cooling energy consumption of the vehicle's air conditioning. The first electrode layer 21 and the second electrode layer 25 are conductive. By applying voltage to the first electrode layer 21 and the second electrode layer 25, the internal electrochromic layer 24 changes color, altering its optical properties and reducing the transmittance of visible light. When the irradiance is high, the electrochromic layer 24 changes color to block light, further reducing heat radiation inside the vehicle and lowering the temperature. It also reduces glare intensity, ensuring driving safety. In addition, the near-infrared blocking layer 22 has high visible light transmittance and does not affect the passage of visible light. This allows the near-infrared blocking layer 22 and the electrochromic layer 24 to process light of different wavelengths separately, avoiding spectral interference between the two layers and thus preventing any impact on processing efficiency. Furthermore, the near-infrared blocking layer 22 is composed of a conductive substrate and a metal oxide film covering the surface of the conductive substrate. The metal oxide film has good conductivity and chemical stability, effectively ensuring the chemical stability of the overall structure without affecting conductivity, thereby enhancing reliability and extending service life.

[0029] Understandably, the vehicle is equipped with a light intensity sensor, which can detect the lighting environment outside the vehicle to control the voltage applied to the first electrode layer 21 and the second electrode layer 25, so that the electrochromic layer 24 changes color.

[0030] Preferably, the protective layer 1 is a PET film with a thickness of 50 μm. PET film has good mechanical properties, is easy to obtain, and can block most of the ultraviolet rays from passing through, thus providing good protection.

[0031] Preferably, the electrochromic layer 24 is made of WO3-MoO3, wherein the doping amount of MoO3 is 8-12%, and the thickness of the electrochromic layer 24 is 200nm. WO3-MoO3 is an inorganic material, which is not prone to yellowing and aging, and has a longer service life than organic electrochromic materials.

[0032] It should be noted that the color-changing principle of electrochromic materials is common knowledge in this field and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0033] Preferably, the explosion-proof adhesive layer 3 is made of polyurethane + nano-silicon carbide.

[0034] In this embodiment, the near-infrared blocking layer 22 is a core-shell structure composed of indium tin oxide (ITO) and zinc oxide (ZnO). Indium tin oxide serves as the core, and zinc oxide acts as the shell, encapsulating the indium tin oxide to form a core-shell structure. Both ITO and ZnO are conductive. ZnO prevents ITO from directly contacting the electrolyte layer 23, protecting it from oxidation or corrosion and improving the overall chemical stability and durability of the structure. Furthermore, ZnO has a relatively suitable refractive index, which helps to regulate the light scattering characteristics of the ITO nanoparticles and optimize their light transmittance. The structure composed of ITO and ZnO selectively blocks near-infrared light, and in conjunction with the color change of the electrochromic layer 24, it achieves a good heat insulation effect.

[0035] Specifically, the near-infrared blocking layer 22 is obtained by sputtering deposition, which blocks infrared rays in the range of 780-2500nm through surface plasmon resonance effect.

[0036] In this embodiment, both the first electrode layer 21 and the second electrode layer 25 are transparent structures that allow light to pass through. By setting the first electrode layer 21 and the second electrode layer 25 as transparent structures, interference with the passage of light is avoided.

[0037] Preferably, the first electrode layer 21 is a silver nanowire mesh electrode. The mesh structure of the electrode has high porosity, allowing visible light to pass through directly, resulting in better light transmittance. Furthermore, silver has good electrical conductivity and a fast response speed.

[0038] Preferably, the second electrode layer 25 is an indium tin oxide thin film.

[0039] In this embodiment, the electrolyte layer 23 is a solid electrolyte. Compared with liquid electrolyte, solid electrolyte can effectively avoid low-temperature failure and enhance applicability and reliability.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 The electrolyte layer 23 is a three-layer gradient solid electrolyte, comprising a conductive layer 231, a buffer layer 232, and an anti-ultraviolet layer 233 arranged sequentially. The conductive layer 231 has high ionic conductivity to allow ions to pass through quickly. The buffer layer 232 has good flexibility and can absorb the expansion generated by the positive and negative electrodes during discharge, thereby absorbing the mechanical stress generated internally and playing a buffering role to prevent electrode cracking or interface delamination due to excessive internal stress, thus enhancing reliability. The anti-ultraviolet layer 233 is used to block ultraviolet rays to prevent the electrochromic layer 24 from degrading. The conductive layer 231 is located on the side close to the near-infrared blocking layer 22.

[0041] It should be noted that the PET film of protective layer 1 can absorb most of the ultraviolet rays. The remaining ultraviolet rays are absorbed by the anti-ultraviolet layer 233. Through double anti-slip, the electrochromic layer 24 can be effectively prevented from being degraded by ultraviolet radiation, thus extending its service life.

[0042] Preferably, the conductive layer 231 is made of LiAlF4-SiO2, the buffer layer 232 is made of Li3PO4-Ta2O5, and the UV-resistant layer 233 is made of LiNbO3-ZrO2.

[0043] Specifically, the electrolyte layer 23 is obtained by electrostatic atomization deposition, and the interlayer is annealed.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0045] Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The various embodiments can be combined as needed, and the same or similar parts can be referred to each other.

[0047] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A car window film based on electrochromic properties, characterized in that, It includes a protective layer, a dimming layer, and an explosion-proof adhesive layer that are layered and stacked in sequence; The dimming layer comprises a first electrode layer, a near-infrared blocking layer, an electrolyte layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second electrode layer stacked sequentially, wherein the first electrode layer is in contact with the protective layer. The near-infrared blocking layer is a transparent structure composed of a conductive substrate and a metal oxide film covering the surface of the conductive substrate.

2. The electrochromic window film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The near-infrared blocking layer has a core-shell structure composed of indium tin oxide and zinc oxide.

3. The electrochromic window film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective layer is a PET film.

4. The electrochromic window film according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are transparent structures that allow light to pass through.

5. The electrochromic window film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electrode layer has a mesh-like structure.

6. The electrochromic window film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second electrode layer is any one of indium tin oxide film, fluorine-doped tin oxide film, or aluminum-doped zinc oxide film.

7. The electrochromic window film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolyte layer is a solid electrolyte and has a multi-layered gradient structure.

8. The electrochromic window film according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electrolyte layer comprises a conductive layer, a buffer layer, and an anti-ultraviolet layer arranged sequentially.

Images