Reaction kettle pressure buffering and safety releasing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of reaction kettle pressure buffering and safety release device, it is related to reaction kettle technical field, including reaction kettle, top is equipped with connecting assembly;The beneficial effect of the utility model is that: through the collaborative cooperation of connecting assembly and buffer tank can be when the gas pressure in reaction kettle rises to abnormal state, transfer the expanded gas to buffer tank, and extrude stopper to generate first exhaust gap and second exhaust gap, excess gas is discharged quickly, avoid the pressure in reaction kettle to exceed equipment tolerance value, guarantee reaction device safe operation;In addition, first exhaust gap and second exhaust gap can continue to increase with stopper descending, until annular groove moves to with lower baffle ring coplanar, so that the discharge capacity of gas and the gas pressure value in reaction kettle are positively correlated, accelerate the gas discharge efficiency under high pressure state, to provide stable environment for hydration reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of reaction vessel technology, specifically to a reaction vessel pressure buffer and safety release device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of chemical production, the hydration reaction of 1,2-propylene glycol is a key process for the preparation of 1,2-propylene glycol. This reaction is usually carried out in a closed reactor. During the reaction, factors such as fluctuations in material ratio, deviations in temperature control, or sudden changes in reaction rate can cause a sudden increase in pressure inside the reactor.

[0003] Currently, reaction vessels are generally equipped with pressure relief devices to release gas when the pressure exceeds a set threshold, thereby maintaining stable pressure inside the vessel and ensuring production safety. However, in the actual operation of the 1,2-propylene glycol hydration reaction, existing equipment typically uses a single-layer sealing structure to block the venting channel. The media produced in the 1,2-propylene glycol hydration reaction are often corrosive, and after long-term use, the single-layer sealing structure is easily corroded and damaged, affecting the normal opening and closing of the venting channel. To compensate for the safety hazards of the single-layer sealing structure, some equipment adds a multi-layer sealing structure. However, while multi-layer sealing enhances corrosion resistance to some extent, it severely restricts the gap in the venting channel. When the gas pressure inside the vessel is high, the limited gap cannot meet the need for rapid discharge of large amounts of gas, making it difficult to reduce the pressure to a safe range in a short time. This not only interferes with the normal progress of the reaction, reducing product quality and production efficiency, but may also lead to serious safety accidents such as reactor overpressure explosions due to persistently high pressure, posing a significant threat to production equipment, operators, and the surrounding environment. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a pressure buffer and safety release device for a reaction vessel.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A pressure buffer and safety release device for a reaction vessel includes a reaction vessel with a connecting assembly on top;

[0007] A buffer tank is connected to a reaction vessel via a connecting assembly. Inside the buffer tank, there are upper and lower baffle rings with their inner walls inclined downwards. The buffer tank is equipped with elastic components and limiting components distributed along the axial direction of the buffer tank.

[0008] A blocking block, connected to the buffer tank via a limiting component and elastically connected to an elastic component, allows the blocking block to move towards the upper retaining ring. It includes:

[0009] The protrusion is located on the top of the outer wall of the block, and under the elastic force of the elastic component, it fits against the inner wall of the upper retaining ring to form the first sealing structure.

[0010] A frustum surface is located on the outer wall of the block, and under the elastic force of the elastic component, it fits against the inner wall of the lower retaining ring to form a second sealing structure.

[0011] An annular groove, formed between the frustum and the protrusion, is composed of a pair of opposing inclined surfaces.

[0012] When the internal gas pressure of the reactor rises and the expanding gas enters the buffer tank, the block is squeezed by the gas and moves against the elastic force of the elastic component, causing the protrusion to detach from the upper baffle ring to form the first exhaust gap, and the frustum surface to detach from the lower baffle ring to form the second exhaust gap. When the internal gas pressure of the reactor reaches the threshold, the block is displaced to the connection point of the two inclined surfaces of the annular groove and is coplanar with the lower baffle ring. At this time, each exhaust gap is maximized.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the lower retaining ring is provided with a rubber ring, and the lower retaining ring contacts the frustum surface through the rubber ring.

[0014] Preferably, the top surface of the upper baffle ring is provided with an outwardly inclined air guiding surface, and the top surface of the block is provided with an inwardly concave arc surface, and the outer edge of the inwardly concave arc surface and the edge of the air guiding surface are continuously and smoothly transitioned.

[0015] Preferably, the connection assembly includes a connecting pipe passing through the top of the reactor and the buffer tank, an electrically controlled valve, and a pressure sensor. The electrically controlled valve is installed on the connecting pipe and electrically connected to the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is located inside the reactor and is used to monitor the internal pressure of the reactor.

[0016] Preferably, the elastic component includes a hollow frame disposed inside the buffer tank, and a spring is elastically connected between the hollow frame and the bottom of the block.

[0017] Preferably, the limiting component includes multiple support plates disposed on the inner wall of the buffer tank. A sliding rod connected to the bottom of the block is slidably passed through the support plate, and a stop plate is provided on the sliding rod at the position above the support plate. When the stop plate moves with the block to abut the support plate, the connection between the two inclined surfaces of the annular groove and the lower retaining ring are on the same horizontal plane.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: through the coordinated cooperation of the connecting components and the buffer tank, when the gas pressure inside the reactor rises to an abnormal state, the expanding gas is transferred to the buffer tank, and the block is squeezed to generate the first exhaust gap and the second exhaust gap, which quickly discharges excess gas, prevents the pressure inside the reactor from exceeding the equipment's tolerance value, and ensures the safe operation of the reaction device; in addition, the first exhaust gap and the second exhaust gap can continue to increase as the block descends until the annular groove moves to be coplanar with the lower baffle ring, so that the gas discharge volume is positively correlated with the gas pressure value inside the reactor, accelerating the gas discharge efficiency under high pressure, thereby providing a stable environment for the hydration reaction. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The disclosure of this utility model is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts. Wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the relevant structure of the blocking block in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the blocking block fitting the upper and lower retaining rings in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the two inclined surfaces of the annular groove and the lower retaining ring in this utility model, which are on the same horizontal plane.

[0025] The diagram shows the following labels: 1. Reactor; 10. Connecting assembly; 100. Connecting pipe; 101. Electrically controlled valve; 102. Pressure sensor; 2. Buffer tank; 20. Upper baffle ring; 201. Gas guide surface; 21. Lower baffle ring; 210. Rubber ring; 22. Elastic component; 220. Hollow frame; 221. Spring; 23. Limiting component; 230. Support plate; 231. Slide rod; 232. Stop plate; 3. Block; 30. Frustum; 31. Annular groove; 32. Protrusion; 33. Concave arc surface. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this utility model, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of this utility model. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative descriptions of the technical solution of this utility model and should not be considered as the entirety of this utility model or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this utility model.

[0027] Example

[0028] like Figures 1-5As shown, a pressure buffer and safety release device for a reaction vessel includes a reaction vessel 1 with a connecting component 10 on top. In the hydration reaction of 1,2-propylene glycol, the reaction vessel 1 serves as the reaction site, and its internal pressure gradually increases due to the exothermic reaction. The pressure sensor 102 in the connecting component 10 can monitor this change in real time. When the pressure exceeds the normal reaction range, the electronically controlled valve 101 automatically opens the connecting pipe 100, allowing the expanding gas to enter the buffer tank 2 through the channel, thus preventing a sudden increase in the pressure inside the reaction vessel 1 from affecting the reaction efficiency or causing danger, and providing a stable pressure environment for the hydration reaction.

[0029] This application provides a specific embodiment of the connecting component 10, which includes a connecting pipe 100 passing through the top of the reactor 1 and the buffer tank 2, an electrically controlled valve 101, and a pressure sensor 102. The electrically controlled valve 101 is installed on the connecting pipe 100 and electrically connected to the pressure sensor 102. The pressure sensor 102 is located inside the reactor 1 and is used to monitor the internal pressure of the reactor 1. When the pressure is abnormal, the electrically controlled valve 101 is opened to allow the expanding gas in the reactor 1 to enter the buffer tank 2.

[0030] The buffer tank 2 is connected to the reactor 1 via the connecting component 10. Inside the buffer tank 2, there are upper baffle rings 20 and lower baffle rings 21 with their inner walls sloping downwards. The gas produced by the hydration reaction of 1,2-propylene glycol may carry a small amount of liquid reactants or products. The structure of the upper baffle rings 20 and lower baffle rings 21 with their inner walls sloping downwards in the buffer tank 2 can block the entrained droplets when the gas enters, causing them to flow back along the inclined surface, thereby reducing material loss and residual corrosion.

[0031] In addition, the bottom of the buffer tank 2 is equipped with an exhaust pipe for continuous waste gas treatment equipment to prevent the discharged waste gas from having an adverse impact on the environment.

[0032] The buffer tank 2 is equipped with an elastic component 22 and a limiting component 23 distributed along the axial direction of the buffer tank 2.

[0033] This application provides a specific embodiment of the elastic component 22, including a hollow frame 220 disposed in the buffer tank 2, and a spring 221 elastically connected between the hollow frame 220 and the bottom of the block 3; during the stable stage of the 1,2-propylene glycol hydration reaction, the gas pressure in the reactor 1 is low, and the spring 221 of the elastic component 22 applies an upward elastic force to the block 3 through the hollow frame 220, so that the block 3 remains in a sealed state; when the exothermic reaction intensifies and causes the gas pressure to rise, the block 3 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 221 and moves downward, opening the first exhaust gap and the second exhaust gap to exhaust gas.

[0034] This application provides a specific embodiment of the limiting component 23, including multiple support plates 230 disposed on the inner wall of the buffer tank 2. A sliding rod 231 connected to the bottom of the block 3 is slidably passed through the support plate 230. A stop plate 232 is provided above the support plate 230 on the sliding rod 231. When the stop plate 232 moves with the block 3 to abut the support plate 230, the connection between the two inclined surfaces of the annular groove 31 and the lower retaining ring 21 are at the same horizontal plane. The limiting component 23 can prevent the block 3 from deflecting during the sliding process. In addition, through the coordinated cooperation of the stop plate 232 and the support plate 230, the maximum displacement distance of the block 3 is limited, so that when it moves to the maximum value, the connection between the two inclined surfaces of the annular groove 31 and the lower retaining ring 21 are at the same horizontal plane, and the first exhaust gap and the second exhaust gap are at their maximum values.

[0035] Block 3 is connected to buffer tank 2 via limiting component 23 and elastically connected to elastic component 22 to move block 3 toward upper baffle ring 20. It includes a protrusion 32 located on the top of the outer wall of block 3. Under the elastic force of elastic component 22, it fits against the inner wall of upper baffle ring 20 to form a first sealing structure.

[0036] The frustum surface 30 is located on the outer wall of the block 3. Under the elastic force of the elastic component 22, it fits against the inner wall of the lower retaining ring 21. The inner wall of the lower retaining ring 21 is provided with a rubber ring 210, and the lower retaining ring 21 contacts the frustum surface 30 through the rubber ring 210 to form a second sealing structure.

[0037] An annular groove 31 is formed between the frustum 30 and the protrusion 32, and is composed of a pair of opposing inclined surfaces.

[0038] The top surface of the upper baffle ring 20 is provided with an outwardly inclined air guide surface 201, and the top surface of the block 3 is provided with an inwardly concave arc surface 33. The outer edge of the inwardly concave arc surface 33 and the edge of the air guide surface 201 are continuously and smoothly transitioned. The smooth transition design between the air guide surface 201 and the inwardly concave arc surface 33 of the block 3 can reduce the turbulence when the gas enters the buffer tank 2, make the gas flow more orderly, and increase the squeezing force on the block 3.

[0039] When the internal pressure of the reactor 1 rises and the expanding gas enters the buffer tank 2, the block 3 is squeezed by the gas and moves against the elastic force of the elastic component 22, causing the protrusion 32 to disengage from the upper baffle ring 20 to form the first exhaust gap, and the frustum surface 30 to disengage from the lower baffle ring 21 to form the second exhaust gap. When the internal pressure of the reactor 1 reaches the threshold, the block 3 is displaced to the connection point of the two inclined surfaces of the annular groove 31 and is coplanar with the lower baffle ring 21. At this time, each exhaust gap is maximized.

[0040] In summary, during the hydration reaction of 1,2-propylene glycol, when the pressure inside the reactor 1 rises to an abnormal range due to exothermic reaction, the expanding gas enters the buffer tank 2 through the connecting component 10 and squeezes the block 3 to create a first exhaust gap and a second exhaust gap, quickly discharging excess gas and preventing the pressure inside the reactor 1 from exceeding the equipment's tolerance value, thus ensuring the safe operation of the reaction device.

[0041] In addition, the first exhaust gap and the second exhaust gap can continuously increase as the plug 3 descends until the annular groove 31 moves to be coplanar with the lower baffle ring 21, so that the gas discharge is positively correlated with the gas pressure inside the reactor 1, accelerating the gas discharge efficiency under high pressure, thereby providing a stable environment for the hydration reaction.

[0042] The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this utility model, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pressure buffer and safety release device for a reaction vessel, characterized in that, include: The reactor vessel is equipped with a connection assembly at the top; A buffer tank is connected to a reaction vessel via a connecting assembly. Inside the buffer tank, there are upper and lower baffle rings with their inner walls inclined downwards. The buffer tank is equipped with elastic components and limiting components distributed along the axial direction of the buffer tank. A blocking block, connected to the buffer tank via a limiting component and elastically connected to an elastic component, allows the blocking block to move towards the upper retaining ring. It includes: The protrusion is located on the top of the outer wall of the block, and under the elastic force of the elastic component, it fits against the inner wall of the upper retaining ring to form the first sealing structure. A frustum surface is located on the outer wall of the block, and under the elastic force of the elastic component, it fits against the inner wall of the lower retaining ring to form a second sealing structure. An annular groove, formed between the frustum and the protrusion, is composed of a pair of opposing inclined surfaces. When the internal gas pressure of the reactor rises and the expanding gas enters the buffer tank, the block is squeezed by the gas and moves against the elastic force of the elastic component, causing the protrusion to detach from the upper baffle ring to form the first exhaust gap, and the frustum surface to detach from the lower baffle ring to form the second exhaust gap. When the internal gas pressure of the reactor reaches the threshold, the block is displaced to the connection point of the two inclined surfaces of the annular groove and is coplanar with the lower baffle ring. At this time, each exhaust gap is maximized.

2. The pressure buffer and safety release device for a reaction vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower retaining ring has a rubber ring on its inner wall, and the lower retaining ring contacts the frustum surface through the rubber ring.

3. The pressure buffer and safety release device for a reaction vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the upper baffle ring is provided with an outwardly inclined air guide surface, and the top surface of the block is provided with an inwardly concave arc surface, and the outer edge of the inwardly concave arc surface and the edge of the air guide surface are continuously and smoothly transitioned.

4. The pressure buffer and safety release device for a reaction vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection assembly includes a connecting pipe passing through the top of the reactor and the buffer tank, an electrically controlled valve, and a pressure sensor. The electrically controlled valve is installed on the connecting pipe and is electrically connected to the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is located inside the reactor and is used to monitor the internal pressure of the reactor.

5. The pressure buffer and safety release device for a reaction vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component includes a hollow frame disposed inside the buffer tank, and a spring is elastically connected between the hollow frame and the bottom of the block.

6. The reactor pressure buffer and safety release device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component includes multiple support plates disposed on the inner wall of the buffer tank. A sliding rod connected to the bottom of the block is slidably passed through the support plate, and a stop plate is provided on the sliding rod at the position above the support plate. When the stop plate moves with the block to abut the support plate, the connection between the two inclined surfaces of the annular groove and the lower retaining ring are on the same horizontal plane.

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