A bolt hardware wear-resistant detection experimental device
By using hydraulic drive and laser scanning technology, the problems of inaccurate positioning, loose clamping, and non-real-time detection in the wear resistance testing of bolts and hardware have been solved in the existing devices. Stable clamping and efficient detection of bolts have been achieved, generating high-resolution 3D topographic images and improving the accuracy of the test results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TIANJIN DEZHILUN ELECTRONIC TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing testing equipment for wear resistance of bolts and hardware cannot accurately position bolts of different specifications. The clamps are prone to loosening, the testing stability is poor, and there is a lack of real-time monitoring and intelligent analysis capabilities. Furthermore, it is difficult to reproduce the dynamic friction and wear of bolts under complex working conditions.
The auxiliary clamping assembly, which is hydraulically driven and linked to the motor, is equipped with a pressure sensor and a laser confocal scanner. Combined with a detachable friction plate and a vibration simulation device, it can achieve stable clamping of bolts, multi-directional friction simulation, and real-time detection.
It achieves stable fixing and precise positioning of bolts, enhances the stability and consistency of the testing process, and can monitor and generate high-resolution 3D topographic images in real time, thereby improving the scientific nature and reliability of the test results.
Smart Images
Figure CN224552875U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bolt hardware testing technology, specifically a test device for testing the wear resistance of bolt hardware. Background Technology
[0002] As is well known, in existing mechanical manufacturing and engineering applications, bolts are basic connecting parts, and their wear resistance is directly related to the service life and operational safety of equipment. Especially under high-frequency vibration, heavy-load friction or complex environmental conditions, wear between the bolt surface and the contact parts will accelerate thread failure and even lead to loosening or breakage of the connection. Therefore, testing devices that can simulate real working conditions and quantitatively evaluate the wear resistance characteristics of bolts are of great significance for optimizing bolt design, improving material performance and preventing engineering accidents.
[0003] However, existing testing equipment for wear resistance of bolts and hardware often uses fixed clamps or manually adjustable jaws, which cannot meet the precise positioning requirements of bolts of different specifications. Furthermore, the clamps are prone to loosening due to vibration or frictional reaction forces during the test, affecting the stability of the test. In addition, most devices only simulate wear through linear friction in one direction or static pressure loading, which is difficult to reproduce the multi-angle dynamic friction that bolts actually experience during service. This results in a large deviation between the test results and the actual working conditions. Moreover, the determination of wear amount mostly relies on manual disassembly measurement or offline analysis, lacking real-time monitoring and intelligent analysis capabilities, making it difficult to capture subtle changes in the dynamic wear process. Utility Model Content
[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a test device for testing the wear resistance of bolt hardware.
[0006] (II) Technical Solution
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a test device for testing the wear resistance of bolt hardware, comprising a test plate, an auxiliary clamping assembly provided at one end of the side wall of the test plate, a pressing plate provided on one side of the side wall of the test plate, and a friction plate assembly provided on the other side, a monitor provided at the front end of both the pressing plate and the friction plate assembly, a processor provided on the front side wall of the test plate, and a detector provided at the rear end of the processor, all of the above devices being signal-connected to the processor.
[0008] To achieve spatial position adjustment of the gripper, the present invention is improved as follows: the auxiliary gripping assembly includes an auxiliary motor, a rotating shaft, a hydraulic arm, and a hydraulic gripper. The auxiliary motor is located at the rear end of the side wall of the detection plate, the rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the motor, the hydraulic arm is located at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the hydraulic gripper is located at one end of the hydraulic arm.
[0009] To enable the friction plate to form a rotational frictional contact with the bolt surface, the present invention is improved as follows: the friction plate assembly includes a rotating motor, a rotating rod, and a support plate; the rotating motor is connected to the side wall of the detection plate; the rotating rod is located at the upper end of the rotating motor; and the support plate is located at the upper end of the rotating rod.
[0010] In order to monitor the pressure applied to the bolt by the clamping claw in real time, the present invention is improved by embedding a pressure sensor inside the hydraulic clamping claw.
[0011] To add periodic vibration to the pressing plate, the present invention is improved by connecting a miniature vibration motor to the bottom wall of the pressing plate, which can set the vibration frequency.
[0012] To facilitate quick replacement of different friction pads, this invention features the following improvement: the surface of the support plate can be detachably fitted with friction pads of various materials, including rubber, carbon steel, or ceramic, which can be quickly replaced via magnetic attraction.
[0013] To increase contact friction and prevent slippage, the present invention features the following improvement: the inner side of the hydraulic clamping claw is provided with contoured anti-slip texture to match the bolt thread.
[0014] To accurately locate the maximum wear depth and area, the present invention improves upon this feature by using a laser confocal scanner to generate a 3D topographic map of the wear area on the bolt surface and mark the maximum wear depth.
[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects
[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a test device for testing the wear resistance of bolt hardware, which has the following advantages: This bolt hardware wear resistance testing device is equipped with an auxiliary clamping assembly. Through a hydraulic drive and motor linkage design, the hydraulic arm can flexibly adjust its spatial angle with the rotation axis to adapt to the clamping requirements of bolts of different specifications. The hydraulic clamping claw integrates a pressure sensor to provide real-time feedback of clamping force data, avoiding damage to the test piece due to overload or test failure due to loose clamping. It achieves stable fixing and precise positioning of bolts, ensuring the uniformity and consistency of force during the test, and is especially suitable for repeatable wear resistance tests of bolts under complex working conditions.
[0017] Equipped with a friction plate assembly, the support plate is driven to rotate by a rotating motor to simulate the circumferential friction and wear between the bolt and the contact parts. At the same time, the micro vibration motor at the bottom of the pressing plate can be set with different vibration frequencies to apply dynamic loads in the vertical direction, which can reproduce the multi-directional wear of the bolt during mechanical operation, significantly improving the fit between the experimental environment and actual working conditions. In addition, the surface of the support plate can be quickly replaced with friction plates of different materials, expanding the device's ability to simulate sealing, insulation, or high-strength connection scenarios.
[0018] As the core detection unit, the laser confocal scanner can scan the bolt surface non-contactly and generate a high-resolution 3D morphology image, which intuitively presents the depth, area and morphological characteristics of the wear area, providing visual data support for material optimization or process improvement, and significantly improving the scientificity and reliability of the detection results. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a first-view schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a second-view schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a third-view schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a fourth-view schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.
[0020] In the diagram: 1. Detection plate; 2. Hydraulic arm; 3. Processor; 4. Detector; 5. Monitor; 6. Hydraulic gripper; 7. Pressing plate; 8. Auxiliary motor; 9. Rotating shaft; 10. Rotating motor; 11. Support plate; 12. Rotating rod. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0022] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.
[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0024] Please see Figure 1-4A wear resistance testing device for bolt hardware includes a testing plate 1. An auxiliary clamping assembly is provided at one end of the upper sidewall of the testing plate 1. A pressing plate 7 is provided on one side of the upper sidewall of the testing plate 1, and a friction plate assembly is provided on the other side. Monitors 5 are provided at the front ends of both the pressing plate 7 and the friction plate assembly. A processor 3 is provided on the front sidewall of the testing plate 1, and a detector 4 is provided at the rear end of the processor 3. All the above devices are signal-connected to the processor 3. The auxiliary clamping assembly includes an auxiliary motor 8, a rotating shaft 9, a hydraulic arm 2, and a hydraulic clamping claw 6. The auxiliary motor 8 is located at the rear end of the upper sidewall of the testing plate 1. The rotating shaft 9 is connected to the output end of the motor. The hydraulic arm 2 is on the upper end of the rotating shaft 9. The hydraulic clamping claw 6 is on one end of the hydraulic arm 2. The friction plate assembly includes a rotating motor 10, a rotating rod 12, and a support plate 11. The rotating motor 10 is connected to the upper side wall of the detection plate 1. The rotating rod 12 is on the upper end of the rotating motor 10. The support plate 11 is on the upper end of the rotating rod 12. The bottom wall of the pressing plate 7 is connected to a micro vibration motor, which can set the vibration frequency. The detector 4 is a laser confocal scanner that generates a 3D topographic map of the wear area on the bolt surface and marks the maximum wear depth.
[0025] During use, the operator places the bolt to be tested inside the hydraulic clamping jaw 6, starts the auxiliary motor 8 to drive the rotating shaft 9, and adjusts the hydraulic arm 2 to the optimal clamping angle. The hydraulic system automatically controls the clamping jaw to close, ensuring the bolt is securely clamped without overload damage. Test parameters, including vibration frequency (micro vibration motor of the pressing plate 7), friction speed (rotating motor 10 driving support plate 11), test duration, and pressure threshold (pressure applied by the hydraulic arm 2), are input through the control screen integrated in the processor 3. The processor 3 synchronously stores and sends instructions to each execution unit. The auxiliary motor 8 outputs to drive the hydraulic arm 2 to rotate the bolt directly under the pressing plate 7. The hydraulic arm 2 applies a constant vertical pressure to the bolt according to the preset pressure value. At the same time, the micro vibration motor at the bottom of the pressing plate 7 starts, generating periodic vibrations at a set frequency to simulate the dynamic wear scenario of the bolt in a mechanical vibration environment (such as an engine or rail equipment). The monitor 5 (such as a high-definition camera) at the front end of the pressing plate 7 captures the displacement changes, vibration amplitude, and surface deformation of the contact area between the bolt and the pressing plate 7 throughout the process. The data is transmitted to the processor 3 in real time for dynamic analysis to ensure accurate measurement. Under the same test conditions and preset parameters, the hydraulic arm 2 moves the bolt above the support plate 11 of the friction plate assembly. Friction plates are installed on the surface of the support plate 11. The rotating motor 10 starts the drive rod 12 to rotate the support plate 11 at a constant speed, so that circumferential sliding friction is formed between the bolt and the friction plate. If complex loads need to be simulated, the hydraulic arm 2 can be combined to apply lateral pressure to the bolt, while the support plate 11 rotates and rubs, to reproduce the multi-directional wear state of the bolt in the flange connection or gear transmission. The monitor 5 at the front end of the friction plate assembly collects the temperature change, torque fluctuation and contact surface state change during the friction process. The data is synchronously transmitted back to the processor 3 for evaluation of friction stability and abnormal warning. After the test is completed, the hydraulic arm 2 moves the bolt to the detection area of the laser confocal scanner. The scanner emits a high-precision laser beam to scan the bolt surface point by point. The 3D morphology of the thread wear area is reconstructed by the reflected light signal. The processor 3 automatically marks the maximum depth, wear area and morphological features (such as pits and scratches) of the wear area based on the scan data. Combined with the test parameters (vibration frequency, friction speed, etc.), quantitative indicators such as wear rate and material loss volume are generated.
[0026] In actual use, it is necessary to monitor the pressure applied to the bolt by the clamping claw in real time. In order to meet the above requirements, in this embodiment, the hydraulic clamping claw 6 is embedded with a pressure sensor.
[0027] In actual use, it is necessary to quickly replace different friction plates to simulate the contact wear between bolts and sealing rings, metal flanges or insulating gaskets, etc. In order to meet the above requirements, in this embodiment, the surface of the support plate 11 can be detachably installed with friction plates of various materials, including rubber, carbon steel or ceramic plates, and can be quickly replaced by magnetic attraction.
[0028] In actual use, it is necessary to increase the contact friction to avoid slippage. In order to meet the above requirements, in this embodiment, the hydraulic clamping claw 6 is provided with a contoured anti-slip texture on the inner side, which matches the bolt thread.
[0029] To illustrate the possible application scenarios, technical principles, implementable specific solutions, and achievable objectives and effects of this application in detail, the following description, in conjunction with the listed specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, provides a detailed explanation. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.
[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A test apparatus for testing the wear resistance of bolt hardware, comprising a test plate (1), characterized in that: An auxiliary clamping assembly is provided at one end of the upper sidewall of the detection plate (1). A pressing plate (7) is provided on one side of the upper sidewall of the detection plate (1), and a friction plate assembly is provided on the other side. A monitor (5) is provided at the front end of both the pressing plate (7) and the friction plate assembly. A processor (3) is provided on the front sidewall of the detection plate (1), and a detector (4) is provided at the rear end of the processor (3). All of the above devices are connected to the processor (3) via signals.
2. The test apparatus for testing the wear resistance of bolt hardware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary clamping assembly includes an auxiliary motor (8), a rotating shaft (9), a hydraulic arm (2), and a hydraulic clamping claw (6). The auxiliary motor (8) is located at the rear end of the upper side wall of the detection plate (1). The rotating shaft (9) is connected to the output end of the auxiliary motor. The hydraulic arm (2) is located at the upper end of the rotating shaft (9). The hydraulic clamping claw (6) is located at one end of the hydraulic arm (2).
3. The wear resistance testing apparatus for bolt hardware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction plate assembly includes a rotating motor (10), a rotating rod (12), and a support plate (11). The rotating motor (10) is connected to the upper side wall of the detection plate (1). The rotating rod (12) is located at the upper end of the rotating motor (10), and the support plate (11) is located at the upper end of the rotating rod (12).
4. The wear resistance testing device for bolt hardware according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic gripper (6) has a pressure sensor embedded inside.
5. The wear resistance testing device for bolt hardware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the pressing plate (7) is connected to a micro vibration motor, and the vibration frequency can be set.
6. The wear resistance testing device for bolt hardware according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the support plate (11) can be detachably fitted with friction plates of various materials, including rubber, carbon steel or ceramic plates, which can be quickly replaced by magnetic attraction.
7. The wear resistance testing device for bolt hardware according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic clamping claw (6) has a contoured anti-slip texture on its inner side, which matches the bolt thread.
8. The wear resistance testing apparatus for bolt hardware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detector (4) is a laser confocal scanner that generates a 3D topographic map of the wear area on the bolt surface and marks the maximum wear depth.