A bored pile hole-forming device suitable for karst geology

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of bored pile hole-forming equipment suitable for karst geology, it is related to technical engineering construction equipment field, including grouting drill rod, the lower part of grouting drill rod is provided with hole-forming drill bit, the hole-forming drill bit is composed of sliding block, upper support plate, lower support plate and four groups of middle support plate, the sliding block, upper support plate and lower support plate are all transversely arranged in the periphery of grouting drill rod, the side of upper support plate is respectively connected with four groups of upper connecting rod, the side of lower support plate is respectively connected with four groups of lower connecting rod, the upper connecting rod and lower connecting rod are respectively connected with the upper surface and lower surface of corresponding middle support plate. The utility model is equipped with hole-forming drill bit, the function of preventing sticking is realized, so that drill bit is contracted when encountering sticking risk, reduce the outside diameter of drill tool to make it pass through smoothly, reduce the occurrence of drill bit drop phenomenon, improve the passability and safety of equipment in karst formation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering construction equipment technology, specifically to a drilling equipment for cast-in-place piles suitable for karst geology. Background Technology

[0002] In karst geological areas, cast-in-place piles are often used as the foundation form for the construction of bridges and high-rise buildings. However, karst geological conditions are complex, with numerous unfavorable geological phenomena such as caves, fissures, stalagmites, slip surfaces, and uneven rock masses.

[0003] When traditional rotary drilling rigs, impact drilling rigs, and slewing drilling rigs drill in this type of stratum, the drill bit is prone to deflection and jamming when passing through caves or fissures, or even falling off completely, causing equipment damage and project delays. At the same time, caves and fissures cause the mud wall protection effect to fail, the mud to leak out rapidly, and the pressure inside the hole cannot be maintained, leading to the collapse of the hole wall and posing a safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drilling equipment for cast-in-place piles suitable for karst geology, so as to solve the technical problem of mud loss mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a grouting pile drilling device suitable for karst geology, comprising a grouting drill rod, wherein a drilling bit is provided at the lower part of the grouting drill rod, the drilling bit being composed of a sliding block, an upper support plate, a lower support plate, and four sets of middle support plates. The sliding block, upper support plate, and lower support plate are all horizontally arranged around the grouting drill rod and are vertically penetrated by it. The middle support plates are all vertically arranged between the upper support plate and the lower support plate. Four sets of upper connecting rods are respectively connected to the side of the upper support plate, and four sets of lower connecting rods are respectively connected to the side of the lower support plate. The upper connecting rods and lower connecting rods are respectively connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the corresponding middle support plates.

[0006] Preferably, the sliding block is disposed on the grouting drill rod between the upper support plate and the lower support plate. Four sets of hydraulic cylinders are fixedly installed on the side of the sliding block. The output end of each hydraulic cylinder is connected to a support rod. The end of the support rod away from the hydraulic cylinder is rigidly connected to the side of the middle support plate near the grouting drill rod.

[0007] Preferably, the grouting drill rod has symmetrically arranged slide rails on its outer side wall, and the sliding block and the upper support plate are equipped with sliders adapted to the slide rails, and the lower support plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the grouting drill rod.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the grouting drill rod is provided with a drive motor, the inside of the grouting drill rod is provided with a central grouting channel, the inlet of the central grouting channel located below the drive motor is provided with a rotary interface, the side of the rotary interface is connected to a high-pressure grouting pump through a grouting pipeline, and the high-pressure grouting pump is connected to a grout storage tank through a grouting pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the grouting drill rod is provided with a guide drill bit, which has a conical structure. A ring of grout outlets is opened at the bottom of the grouting drill rod around the guide drill bit. The grout outlets are connected to the central grouting channel and a grout outlet valve is provided inside them. A navigation and anti-deviation module is also provided on the outer wall of the grouting drill rod.

[0010] Preferably, the lower surface of the lower connecting rod is provided with a cutting tooth assembly, which is distributed vertically downward at equal intervals. The lowest end of the cutting tooth assembly is flush with the central guide drill bit, and the outermost end of the cutting tooth assembly is flush with the middle support plate.

[0011] Preferably, both ends of the upper and lower connecting rods are provided with hinge shafts, which are respectively connected to the upper support plate, the lower support plate, and the middle support plate through the hinge shafts.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] 1. This utility model, by installing a drilling bit, achieves the function of preventing drill bit jamming. When the drill bit encounters the risk of jamming, it retracts the drill bit, reduces the outer diameter of the drill bit, and allows it to pass smoothly, reducing the occurrence of drill bit falling off and improving the passability and safety of the equipment in karst formations.

[0014] 2. This utility model, by installing a grouting drill rod, realizes the function of grouting while drilling. The high-pressure grouting channel can accurately seal the cracks with high-viscosity mud or quick-setting grout in a timely manner, consolidate the broken rock mass, fill the karst caves, effectively prevent mud loss, maintain the stability of the borehole wall, and avoid the collapse of the borehole wall. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front structural diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the protective drill bit of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the protective drill bit of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting drill rod structure of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Grouting drill rod; 2. Hole-forming drill bit; 3. Drive motor; 4. Rotary interface; 5. Grout storage tank; 6. High-pressure grouting pump; 7. Grouting pipeline; 8. Central grouting channel; 9. Sliding block; 10. Hydraulic cylinder; 11. Support rod; 12. Upper support plate; 13. Lower support plate; 14. Upper connecting rod; 15. Middle support plate; 16. Lower connecting rod; 17. Guide drill bit; 18. Cutting gear assembly; 19. Slide rail; 20. Grout outlet; 21. Navigation and anti-deviation module. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A grouting pile drilling device suitable for karst geology includes a grouting drill rod 1. A drilling bit 2 is provided at the lower part of the grouting drill rod 1. The drilling bit 2 is composed of a sliding block 9, an upper support plate 12, a lower support plate 13, and four sets of middle support plates 15. The sliding block 9, the upper support plate 12, and the lower support plate 13 are all arranged horizontally around the grouting drill rod 1 and are vertically penetrated by it. The middle support plates 15 are all vertically arranged between the upper support plate 12 and the lower support plate 13. Four sets of upper connecting rods 14 are respectively connected to the side of the upper support plate 12, and four sets of lower connecting rods 16 are respectively connected to the side of the lower support plate 13. The upper connecting rods 14 and the lower connecting rods 16 are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the corresponding middle support plate 15.

[0024] The sliding block 9 is set on the grouting drill rod 1 between the upper support plate 12 and the lower support plate 13. Four sets of hydraulic cylinders 10 are fixedly installed on the side of the sliding block 9. The output end of each hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected to a support rod 11. The end of the support rod 11 away from the hydraulic cylinder 10 is rigidly connected to the side of the middle support plate 15 near the grouting drill rod 1.

[0025] The grouting drill rod 1 has symmetrical slide rails 19 on its outer side wall, and the sliding block 9 and the upper support plate 12 are equipped with sliders that are adapted to the slide rails 19. The lower support plate 13 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the grouting drill rod 1.

[0026] Both ends of the upper connecting rod 14 and the lower connecting rod 16 are provided with hinge shafts, and are respectively connected to the upper support plate 12, the lower support plate 13 and the middle support plate 15 through the hinge shafts.

[0027] Furthermore, the drilling equipment of this utility model demonstrates excellent adaptability and reliability when constructing cast-in-place piles in karst geology. The drilling bit 2 assembled at the lower part of the grouting drill rod 1 is the key mechanism for achieving the anti-jamming function. The drilling bit 2 is composed of a sliding block 9, an upper support plate 12, a lower support plate 13, and four sets of middle support plates 15. These plate-shaped components are all arranged laterally around the grouting drill rod 1 as the central axis and are all vertically penetrated by the grouting drill rod 1. The sliding block 9 and the upper support plate 12 can move up and down within the slide rail 19 set on the outer wall of the grouting drill rod 1. The lower support plate 13... It is fixedly installed at the bottom of the grouting drill rod 1 to provide stable bottom support for the entire hole-forming drill bit 2. The middle support plate 15 is connected to the upper connecting rod 14 and the lower connecting rod 16 by hinges. The other ends of the upper connecting rod 14 and the lower connecting rod 16 are respectively hinged to the sides of the upper support plate 12 and the lower support plate 13, forming a cage structure with dynamically adjustable diameter. This multi-link hinge design gives the hole-forming drill bit 2 a certain elasticity and adjustable range in the radial direction. Combined with the lateral restraint of the slide rail 19, the radial extension and retraction adjustment of the hole-forming drill bit 2 is more linear and controllable.

[0028] When the drilling bit 2 encounters cracks, the edge of a karst cave, or a narrow section with a risk of stuck drill bit during drilling, the four sets of hydraulic cylinders 10 integrated on the side of the sliding block 9 can act synchronously. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 10 pushes the support rod 11, and the other end of the support rod 11 is rigidly connected to the inner side of the middle support plate 15, thereby applying radial inward or outward force. When it is necessary to avoid the risk of stuck drill bit, the hydraulic system controls the hydraulic cylinder 10 to retract, and pulls the middle support plate 15 toward the central axis of the grouting drill rod 1 through the support rod 11. During the retraction process, the upper support plate 12 and the sliding block 9 are pushed upward in the slide rail 19 through the upper connecting rod 14 and the lower connecting rod 16, so that the working outer diameter of the entire drilling bit 2 is reduced, so that the drill bit can pass through the narrow section smoothly, greatly reducing the risk of stuck drill bit, drill bit burial, or even drill bit falling off.

[0029] Through this active contraction mechanism, the drilling equipment for cast-in-place piles significantly improves its passability and safety when facing extremely complex and variable karst geological conditions.

[0030] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 A grouting pile drilling device suitable for karst geology includes a grouting drill rod 1, a drive motor 3 is provided at the top of the grouting drill rod 1, a central grouting channel 8 is provided inside the grouting drill rod 1, a rotary interface 4 is provided at the inlet of the central grouting channel 8 located below the drive motor 3, and the side of the rotary interface 4 is connected to a high-pressure grouting pump 6 through a grouting pipe 7. The high-pressure grouting pump 6 is connected to a grout storage tank 5 through the grouting pipe 7.

[0031] The bottom of the grouting drill rod 1 is provided with a guide drill bit 17, which has a conical structure. A ring of grout outlets 20 is opened at the bottom of the grouting drill rod 1 around the guide drill bit 17. The grout outlets 20 are connected to the central grouting channel 8 and a grout outlet valve is provided inside them.

[0032] Furthermore, the grouting pile drilling equipment of this utility model also realizes efficient grouting while drilling. The grouting drill rod 1 has a central grouting channel 8 arranged axially inside. The upper end of the central grouting channel 8 is connected to the external static grouting pipeline 7 through a special rotating interface 4. The high-pressure grouting pump 6 draws pre-prepared high-viscosity mud or chemical quick-setting grout from the grout storage tank 5 and pumps it into the central grouting channel 8 through the grouting pipeline 7 and the rotating interface 4. The rotating interface 4 ensures that the high-pressure grout can still be continuously and stably pumped into the central grouting channel 8 when the grouting drill rod 1 is rotating at high speed. The grout is finally ejected from the grout outlet 20 opened at the bottom of the grouting drill rod 1 around the guide drill bit 17. The grout outlet 20 is equipped with a controllable valve, which can adjust the grouting pressure and flow rate as needed.

[0033] During the drilling process, the high-pressure grouting pump 6 instantly increases its output pressure according to the command, and injects a large amount of high-viscosity filling grout or fast-setting special grout through the central grouting channel 8 and the bottom grout outlet 20 into the cavity in front. The grouting valve is fully opened to ensure that the grout can quickly fill the cavity space at the maximum flow rate. This high-pressure grout not only plays a filling role, but its impact force also helps to break up any loose deposits that may exist in the cavity. The grout flows, penetrates and begins to solidify in the cavity, aiming to form an artificial solidified body composed of solidified grout in the shortest possible time, providing temporary but sufficient support for the subsequent drilling and pile pouring.

[0034] When encountering karst geology, high-pressure grout is immediately injected into the fissures and cavities around the drilled borehole wall, rapidly filling voids, cementing broken and loose rock masses, thereby effectively sealing seepage paths, preventing rapid leakage of the wall-protecting mud, and maintaining hydrostatic pressure within the borehole. This plays a crucial role in stabilizing the borehole wall and preventing collapse. If large cavities are encountered, the process switches to a "grouting-filling-curing-drilling" cycle. This process, which involves drilling and grouting consolidation simultaneously, is particularly suitable for treating highly developed underground seepage channels in karst areas, ensuring the continuity of the borehole formation process and the quality of the final pile foundation.

[0035] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A drilling equipment for cast-in-place piles suitable for karst geology includes a grouting drill rod 1. Slide rails 19 are symmetrically provided on the outer side wall of the grouting drill rod 1. Sliding blocks 9 and upper support plates 12 are provided with sliders adapted to the slide rails 19. Lower support plates 13 are fixedly installed at the lower end of the grouting drill rod 1.

[0036] The top of the grouting drill rod 1 is equipped with a drive motor 3, and the bottom of the grouting drill rod 1 is equipped with a guide drill bit 17. The guide drill bit 17 has a conical structure. A ring of grout outlets 20 is opened at the bottom of the grouting drill rod 1 around the guide drill bit 17. The grout outlets 20 are connected to the central grouting channel 8 and a grout outlet valve is set inside them. A navigation anti-deviation module 21 is also set on the outer wall of the grouting drill rod 1.

[0037] The lower surface of the lower connecting rod 16 is provided with a cutting tooth group 18. The cutting tooth group 18 is distributed vertically downward at equal intervals. The lowest end of the cutting tooth group 18 is flush with the guide drill bit 17, and the outermost end of the cutting tooth group 18 is flush with the middle support plate 15.

[0038] Furthermore, the grouting pile drilling equipment of this invention can effectively address the common problems of borehole inclination and off-center drilling in karst formations. The telescopic function of the drilling bit 2 not only prevents stuck drill bits, but its adjustment process itself also plays a positive role in maintaining the verticality of the borehole. The slide rail 19 provides accurate guidance, ensuring the stability of the movement of the upper support plate 12, the sliding block 9, and the hydraulic actuators on them. The grouting drill rod 1 obtains stable and strong rotational power through the drive motor 3 connected to the top. This drive motor 3 adopts frequency conversion control technology, which can intelligently adjust the output torque and speed according to the actual stratum resistance, thereby effectively addressing the uneven hardness of karst formations. As the rock mass changes, the guide drill bit 17 installed at the bottom of the grouting drill rod 1 is made of high-strength cemented carbide. Its front end has an optimized conical structure, which can cut into the rock layer in the early stage of drilling, play a role in centering and preliminary crushing, and guide the entire hole-forming drill bit 2 to move forward along the predetermined trajectory. The cutting tooth assembly 18 arranged around the guide drill bit 17 is installed on the lower surface of the lower connecting rod 16. The cutting tooth assembly 18 uses multiple diamond composite plates or cemented carbide teeth arranged vertically at a certain interval. Its lowest point is flush with the tip of the guide drill bit 17, and its outermost point is flush with the outer edge of the fully unfolded middle support plate 15, ensuring that the bottom section of the borehole is flat and the diameter is uniform.

[0039] A navigation and anti-deviation module 21 is integrated and installed on the outer wall of the grouting drill pipe 1. The navigation and anti-deviation module 21 includes a high-precision tilt sensor, which can monitor the tilt angle and azimuth angle of the drill pipe in real time and transmit the data to the surface control system. Once the system detects through algorithm analysis that the drill bit trajectory deviates from the design axis by more than the allowable threshold, it will issue an early warning and intervene in two ways: First, adjust the construction parameters such as the feed pressure or rotation speed of the wellhead drilling rig; second, activate the drill bit's own deviation correction capability. By controlling the differential action of the hydraulic cylinder 10 at a specific position, the extension amount of the corresponding side support plate 15 can be finely adjusted, thereby applying an asymmetrical lateral force to the drilling drill bit 2 to counteract the deviation force brought by the formation and gradually correct the drilling trajectory back to the correct direction.

[0040] Compared with the traditional method that relies solely on the rigidity of the drill bit and operating experience, this active anti-deviation mechanism greatly improves accuracy and reliability. At the same time, the grouting function of the grouting drill rod 1 also provides assistance for deviation correction. By temporarily increasing the grouting pressure and grout volume on the deviated side, the softer strata can be locally reinforced, providing stronger lateral support and helping the drill bit return to the correct direction, thus efficiently drilling high-quality vertical pile holes.

[0041] Working principle: The drive motor 3 at the top of the grouting drill rod 1 provides rotational power, driving the bottom drilling drill bit 2 and guide drill bit 17 to cut the rock layer. The navigation and anti-deviation module 21 integrated on the outer wall of the grouting drill rod 1 monitors the drilling trajectory in real time. By adjusting the drilling parameters or fine-tuning the attitude of the drilling drill bit 2, it actively corrects the deviation to ensure that the hole is vertical. The high-pressure grouting pump 6 pumps the grout from the storage tank 5 into the central grouting channel 8 through the rotary interface 4, and finally ejects it from the bottom grout outlet 20. It immediately fills the cracks around the hole, seals the leakage path and consolidates the broken rock mass, effectively preventing mud loss and hole wall collapse, and creating a stable environment for drilling.

[0042] When encountering the risk of stuck drill bit or narrow section, the hydraulic cylinder 10 on the sliding block 9 retracts the support rod 11, pulls the central support plate 15 to retract centripetally, and reduces the working diameter of the entire drilling drill bit 2 through the hinged linkage mechanism. After successfully passing through the risk section, it returns to its original state, and finally completes the construction of high-quality cast-in-place pile holes in complex karst strata.

[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A drilling equipment for cast-in-place piles suitable for karst geology, characterized in that: The grouting drill rod (1) is provided with a hole-forming drill bit (2) at its lower part. The hole-forming drill bit (2) is composed of a sliding block (9), an upper support plate (12), a lower support plate (13), and four sets of middle support plates (15). The sliding block (9), the upper support plate (12), and the lower support plate (13) are all arranged horizontally around the grouting drill rod (1) and are vertically penetrated by it. The middle support plates (15) are all vertically arranged between the upper support plate (12) and the lower support plate (13). The sides of the upper support plate (12) are respectively connected to four sets of upper connecting rods (14), and the sides of the lower support plate (13) are respectively connected to four sets of lower connecting rods (16). The upper connecting rods (14) and the lower connecting rods (16) are respectively connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the corresponding middle support plate (15).

2. The drilling equipment for cast-in-place piles suitable for karst geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding block (9) is set on the grouting drill rod (1) between the upper support plate (12) and the lower support plate (13). Four sets of hydraulic cylinders (10) are fixedly installed on the side of the sliding block (9). The output end of each hydraulic cylinder (10) is connected to a support rod (11). The end of the support rod (11) away from the hydraulic cylinder (10) is rigidly connected to the side of the middle support plate (15) near the grouting drill rod (1).

3. The bored pile drilling equipment suitable for karst geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting drill rod (1) has symmetrical slide rails (19) on its outer side wall. The sliding block (9) and the upper support plate (12) are equipped with sliders that are compatible with the slide rails (19). The lower support plate (13) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the grouting drill rod (1).

4. The drilling equipment for cast-in-place piles suitable for karst geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the grouting drill rod (1) is equipped with a drive motor (3), and the interior of the grouting drill rod (1) is provided with a central grouting channel (8). The inlet of the central grouting channel (8) located below the drive motor (3) is provided with a rotary interface (4). The side of the rotary interface (4) is connected to the high-pressure grouting pump (6) through the grouting pipeline (7). The high-pressure grouting pump (6) is connected to the grout storage tank (5) through the grouting pipeline (7).

5. The drilling equipment for cast-in-place piles suitable for karst geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the grouting drill rod (1) is provided with a guide drill bit (17), which is a conical structure. A ring of grout outlets (20) is opened at the bottom of the grouting drill rod (1) around the guide drill bit (17). The grout outlets (20) are connected to the central grouting channel (8) and a grout outlet valve is provided inside it. A navigation anti-deviation module (21) is also provided on the outer wall of the grouting drill rod (1).

6. The drilling equipment for cast-in-place piles suitable for karst geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the lower connecting rod (16) is provided with a cutting tooth group (18). The cutting tooth group (18) is distributed vertically downward at equal intervals. The lowest end of the cutting tooth group (18) is flush with the guide drill bit (17), and the outermost end of the cutting tooth group (18) is flush with the middle support plate (15).

7. The drilling equipment for cast-in-place piles suitable for karst geology according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the upper connecting rod (14) and the lower connecting rod (16) are provided with hinge shafts, and are respectively connected to the upper support plate (12), the lower support plate (13) and the middle support plate (15) through the hinge shafts.

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