A micro-groove footing for transverse unloading of a laser

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of industrial laser fixing, and discloses a micro-groove footing for transverse force relief of a laser, which is used for supporting the shell of a preset laser and aims to solve the problem that the prior art fails to provide a force relief support scheme for the transverse deformation of the laser shell, which needs to ensure longitudinal rigid support to maintain the stability of the light-emitting direction and needs to release the freedom degree in the transverse direction perpendicular to the light-emitting direction to eliminate the deformation stress. The micro-groove footing comprises a support piece, which is installed at the bottom of the shell; and a fixing piece, which is connected to the side wall surface of the shell of the preset laser; wherein the force relief direction of the micro-groove footing is the transverse direction perpendicular to the light-emitting direction of the shell of the preset laser. By limiting the force relief direction as the transverse direction perpendicular to the light-emitting direction, the transverse expansion / contraction stress of the shell caused by temperature change can be accurately released, and the laser pointing stability and power stability can be significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of industrial laser mounting technology, and more particularly to a microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, when the ambient temperature changes, the laser housing undergoes uneven deformation due to thermal expansion and contraction, leading to internal stress concentration and structural torsion, which severely affects the stability of beam pointing and power. Traditional mounting and fixing structures have significant drawbacks: one type uses rigid fixing (such as direct locking through slots in the housing or holes in the bottom adapter block), which cannot release the stress generated by temperature deformation and screw tightening, resulting in poor stability; the other type relies on complex adjustment systems, which can partially alleviate stress, but are cumbersome, costly, and difficult to install and maintain. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser and a laser, aiming to solve the problem that the prior art has not proposed a stress relief support scheme for lateral deformation of the laser housing, which requires both longitudinal rigid support to maintain the stability of the light output direction and lateral freedom perpendicular to the light output direction to eliminate deformation stress.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a microgroove foot for laterally unloading a laser, used to support the housing of a preset laser; comprising:

[0005] A support member, which is mounted on the bottom of the housing;

[0006] A fastener is connected to the side wall of the housing of the preset laser;

[0007] The unloading direction corresponding to the microgroove foot is a transverse direction perpendicular to the light emission direction corresponding to the housing of the preset laser.

[0008] In some embodiments, the mounting direction of the support member and the fixing member is a longitudinal direction parallel to the light emission direction of the laser housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the direction of the release of the support member and the fixing member is the lateral direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the support is connected to the bottom mounting surface of the housing of the preset laser by fixing screws.

[0011] In some embodiments, the mounting surface of the support member is provided with an inwardly recessed stepped surface.

[0012] In some embodiments, the limiting surface of the support member is a semi-cylindrical structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the limiting surface of the fixing member is a V-groove shape structure, which limits and supports the fixing member by making line contact with the semi-cylindrical shape structure of the supporting member through the V-groove shape structure.

[0014] In some embodiments, the fastener has centrally symmetrical screw mounting slots on both sides of its outer facade. The fastener is connected to the side wall of the housing of the preset laser through the slots on its outer facade and the shoulder screws.

[0015] In some embodiments, the fastener has centrally symmetrical screw mounting holes on both sides of its bottom surface, and the fastener has stress relief grooves spaced vertically between the inner side of the screw mounting holes on the bottom surface and the outer side of the V-shaped groove structure.

[0016] In some embodiments, the direction of the stress relief groove is parallel to the V-shaped groove structure, and an inwardly sinking step surface is provided directly below the V-shaped groove structure.

[0017] This invention provides a microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser. By limiting the stress relief direction to the lateral direction perpendicular to the light output direction, it precisely releases the lateral expansion / contraction stress of the housing caused by temperature changes, avoiding structural torsion due to stress concentration, and significantly improving the laser's pointing stability and power stability. The rigid fit between the support and fixing components along the longitudinal direction (light output direction) ensures the stability of the light output direction; the lateral freedom allows for lateral deformation of the housing without generating constraint stress, solving the "stress lock-up" problem of traditional rigid fixing. Without a complex adjustment system, the stress relief function is achieved solely through the geometric fit between the support and fixing components, reducing processing costs, installation accuracy requirements, and post-maintenance difficulty, overcoming the dual defects of "ineffective simple fixing" and "expensive complex systems" in existing technologies.

[0018] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2This is an exploded view of the installation of a microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the use of a microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser, provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0023] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] The flowchart shown in the attached diagram is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor does it necessarily have to be performed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, combined, or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change depending on the actual situation.

[0026] It should be understood that, in order to clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this utility model to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0027] It should be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0028] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0029] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0030] In existing technologies, when the ambient temperature changes, the laser housing undergoes uneven deformation due to thermal expansion and contraction, leading to internal stress concentration and structural torsion, which severely affects the stability of beam pointing and power. Traditional mounting and fixing structures have significant drawbacks: one type uses rigid fixing (such as direct locking through slots in the housing or holes in the bottom adapter block), which cannot release the stress generated by temperature deformation and screw tightening, resulting in poor stability; the other type relies on complex adjustment systems, which can partially alleviate stress, but are cumbersome, costly, and difficult to install and maintain.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 This application provides a microgroove foot for laterally unloading a laser, used to support the housing of a preset laser; it includes: a support member 10, which is installed at the bottom of the housing; and a fixing member 20, which is connected to the side wall of the housing of the preset laser; wherein the unloading direction of the microgroove foot is a lateral direction perpendicular to the light output direction of the housing of the preset laser.

[0032] Specifically, the microgroove foot proposed in this application, through the coordinated design of support and fixing components, constructs a lateral stress-relieving structure at the bottom and sidewalls of the laser housing. This releases stress caused by lateral deformation of the housing due to temperature changes (perpendicular to the light output direction), solving the problems of stress concentration and structural torsion in traditional fixing methods, and improving the laser's light output direction and power stability. For lateral deformation perpendicular to the laser's light output direction (such as lateral thermal expansion and contraction of the housing), the structural design allows for free displacement or elastic deformation in this direction, avoiding stress accumulation.

[0033] The dual-component collaborative support provides basic support and bears longitudinal loads through the bottom support component, while the side wall fixing component restricts the degree of freedom in the non-unloading direction, while not restricting the displacement in the lateral unloading direction, forming a mechanical structure of "directional constraint-free release".

[0034] Microgroove structure design achieves a low-stiffness stress relief path by setting microgrooves in the support or connection interface and guiding and accommodating lateral deformation through the geometry of the groove (such as elongated or arc-shaped).

[0035] The support structure is mounted at the bottom of the laser housing, bearing the weight of the housing and providing a lateral stress relief channel. The main structure is a rigid substrate with transverse microgrooves machined on it (the groove length is parallel to the stress relief direction, i.e., perpendicular to the light output direction). The grooves can be single-sided open or through-type. The cross-sectional shape of the microgrooves includes rectangular, trapezoidal, or arc-shaped, with the depth and width designed according to the expected lateral deformation of the housing (e.g., depth 0.5-2mm, width 1-5mm). The groove spacing is evenly distributed to ensure support rigidity. Mounting holes can be provided at the bottom of the substrate for connection to an external mounting surface via screws. The screw holes are perpendicular to the direction of the microgrooves to avoid interference from tightening force on the lateral stress relief. Metals (such as aluminum alloys and titanium alloys) or high-strength engineering plastics with a coefficient of thermal expansion matching the housing are used to reduce additional stress caused by material differences.

[0036] The fastener is attached to the side wall of the laser housing, restricting the longitudinal (beam output direction) and vertical (vertical) displacement of the housing, while not restricting free deformation in the lateral stress relief direction. The structure is an L-shaped or U-shaped bracket, with one side fixed to the housing side wall by screws or clips, and the other side connected to an external mounting structure (such as a frame). The interface between the fastener and the housing is a smooth plane, without lateral limiting structures (e.g., only longitudinal and vertical locating pins are retained), allowing the housing to slide freely or deform slightly along the microgroove direction. An elastic gasket (such as rubber or spring sheet) can be placed between the fastener and the housing to help absorb high-frequency vibrations without hindering lateral thermal deformation.

[0037] The support component is installed by machining a mounting plane on the bottom of the laser housing that matches the support component substrate. After cleaning the surface, the support component is fixed to the bottom of the housing with screws arranged longitudinally (in the light emission direction) to avoid constraining the transverse microgrooves. It is ensured that the direction of the microgrooves in the support component is strictly perpendicular to the laser emission direction (i.e., the unloading direction), and the angle can be calibrated using positioning fixtures.

[0038] The fastener is installed by fitting the sidewall connection end of the fastener against the sidewall of the housing and securing it with countersunk screws or pre-embedded nuts. The screws only restrict the longitudinal and vertical displacement of the housing and do not apply lateral clamping force. When the external connection end of the fastener is connected to the frame or base, a lateral movement clearance (such as an oblong hole) is provided, or a flexible connection structure (such as a spherical bearing) is used to ensure that there is no rigid obstruction when the housing deforms laterally.

[0039] By simulating temperature variations, the lateral displacement of the shell was tested to ensure it remained within the microgroove design range. Abnormal stress concentrations in the fixtures and supports were also checked (e.g., using strain gauges). The microgroove depth or the stiffness of the elastic gaskets in the fixtures was adjusted to optimize the stress relief effect until the laser beam pointing stability and power fluctuations met the design requirements.

[0040] Key design parameters include: Microgroove geometry: Based on the thermal expansion coefficient (α), operating temperature range (ΔT), and length (L) of the shell material, the maximum lateral deformation ΔL = α * L * ΔT is calculated. The microgroove length must be greater than 2ΔL to ensure free deformation. Support and fixing stiffness matching: The stiffness of the support in the lateral stress relief direction is much lower than its longitudinal and vertical stiffness (e.g., by weakening the lateral stiffness through the groove), while the fixing only provides longitudinal and vertical constraint stiffness. Clearance and preload: A lateral free clearance of 0.1-0.3mm is reserved between the fixing and the shell. The preload of the support screws is evenly distributed to avoid local stress concentration.

[0041] Material and process selection includes: Support component machining: Microgrooves are fabricated using CNC milling or electrical discharge machining (EDM) to ensure groove accuracy (tolerance ±0.05mm). Surface treatment: The contact surfaces between the support component and the housing are hard chrome plated or anodized to improve wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Elastic components: The elastic gaskets for the fixing components are made of heat-resistant silicone rubber (operating temperature -40℃~+80℃), with a thickness of 0.5-1mm, balancing elasticity and stability.

[0042] The microgroove structure constrains the lateral deformation of the shell in a preset direction, releasing the stress of thermal expansion and contraction and avoiding the stress concentration of traditional rigid fixing.

[0043] No complex adjustment system is required; stress relief is achieved solely through the cooperation of microgrooves in the support component and sidewall fasteners, reducing costs and installation difficulty. It is suitable for laser housings of various sizes, and can be adapted to different models by adjusting the number and spacing of the microgrooves and the mounting position of the fasteners.

[0044] Through the above design, the microgroove feet not only ensure stable support for the laser housing, but also provide a low-resistance stress relief path for lateral deformation, effectively solving the stress problem caused by temperature changes and improving the stability and reliability of the laser during long-term operation.

[0045] In some embodiments, the mounting direction of the support member and the fixing member is a longitudinal direction parallel to the light emission direction of the laser housing.

[0046] By aligning the support and fixing components with the laser housing's output direction (i.e., longitudinal direction), a longitudinal constraint-unloading cooperative structure is formed. This longitudinally aligned installation structure guides the housing's longitudinal thermal deformation (such as thermal expansion and contraction along the output direction) to a preset unloading path, avoiding interference from unnecessary lateral or vertical degrees of freedom.

[0047] The support components are arranged along the longitudinal central axis of the bottom of the housing, and the fixing components are symmetrically installed on the two side walls of the housing. The axes of the mounting holes of all three are parallel to the light output direction. By machining longitudinal positioning keyways on the bottom and side walls of the housing, the support components and fixing components are fitted with the housing through the keyways, ensuring that the installation direction is strictly parallel to the light output direction (deviation ≤ 0.02°). This design is suitable for elongated laser housings with large longitudinal thermal deformation (such as fiber laser cavities), and the longitudinal mounting structure concentrates and releases the stress along the axial direction.

[0048] In some embodiments, the direction of the release of the support member and the fixing member is the lateral direction.

[0049] The degree of freedom is distributed by the support and fixing components, which only constrain the longitudinal (light emission direction) and vertical (vertical direction) degrees of freedom of the shell, while completely releasing the lateral (perpendicular to the light emission direction) degree of freedom, allowing the shell to deform without obstruction in the lateral direction.

[0050] The stress relief mechanism allows the shell to expand / contract freely in the lateral direction by reserving a lateral gap or flexible structure at the connection interface, thus avoiding torsional stress caused by rigid constraints.

[0051] The screw holes connecting the support to the bottom of the housing are elongated transverse holes (the major axis is perpendicular to the light emission direction), with a diameter 0.3-0.5 mm larger than the screw diameter to allow for lateral displacement. Only longitudinal locating pins are provided on the contact surface between the fastener and the housing sidewall; no lateral limiting structure is used. The surface roughness Ra ≤ 1.6 μm is maintained to reduce frictional resistance. The lateral displacement stiffness of the housing is measured using a laser vibrometer to ensure that the lateral stiffness is < 10 N / mm (significantly lower than the longitudinal stiffness of over 1000 N / mm).

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the support member is connected to the bottom mounting surface of the housing of the preset laser by fixing screws 30.

[0053] The support component is directly connected to the mounting surface at the bottom of the housing via fixing screws, forming a rigid support base. At the same time, the screw layout design releases the longitudinal stress relief freedom. The screws are symmetrically distributed along the longitudinal direction (light output direction) to avoid the stress relief direction constraint caused by transverse arrangement.

[0054] By machining 2-4 longitudinally arranged threaded holes (50-100mm spacing) on ​​the support substrate, and using countersunk screws (head embedded in the support surface), interference with housing deformation is avoided. The screws are equipped with elastic washers (such as corrugated washers), and the preload is controlled at 5-10 N·m, ensuring connection reliability without restricting longitudinal thermal expansion of the housing (allowing a 0.05mm longitudinal gap between the screw hole and the screw). The screw material is selected from aluminum alloy of the same material as the housing to reduce corrosion from dissimilar metal contact.

[0055] In some embodiments, the mounting surface of the support member is provided with an inwardly recessed stepped surface.

[0056] The support component features an inwardly recessed stepped surface on its mounting surface, with the depth of the stepped surface perpendicular to the light emission direction (i.e., laterally), forming a composite structure of a "positioning platform + stress relief groove." The horizontal surface of the stepped surface bears the weight of the shell (longitudinal support), while the recessed area (lateral groove) allows for slight lateral deformation of the shell, avoiding stress concentration caused by rigid contact of the mounting surface. A 5-10mm wide, 0.2-0.5mm deep lateral stepped groove is machined on the support component's base plate, with the stepped surface contacting the bottom of the shell at a ratio of ≥70%, ensuring load-bearing capacity. A matching flat surface is machined at the corresponding position on the bottom of the shell. During installation, anaerobic adhesive (such as Loctite 510) is used to fill the gaps in the stepped groove, both fixing the position and allowing for slight lateral sliding (shear strength ≥5MPa). Compared to full-plane contact, the recessed stepped surface can reduce lateral contact stiffness by 60%-80%, and the measured lateral stress release rate of the shell is increased by 40%.

[0057] In some embodiments, the limiting surface of the support member is a semi-cylindrical structure.

[0058] The curved surface limiting design uses a semi-cylindrical shape for the limiting surface of the support (with the axis parallel to the light emission direction), which mates with the V-groove of the fixing component to form a line contact, transforming the constraint into a longitudinally movable flexible connection. The semi-cylindrical surface only restricts the vertical (vertical) and lateral (horizontal perpendicular to the light emission direction) displacement of the shell, allowing free sliding along the cylindrical axis (longitudinal), thus achieving longitudinal stress relief.

[0059] Semi-cylindrical parameters: radius R = 5-10mm, length covering 80% of the bottom width of the housing, cylindrical surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.8μm, surface hard chrome plating (thickness 5-10μm) to enhance wear resistance. Installation fit: The semi-cylindrical surface is interference-fitted with the groove at the bottom of the housing (interference 0.01-0.03mm), and the circumferential position is fixed by a locating pin, ensuring that the parallelism error between the cylindrical axis and the light output direction is ≤ 0.01mm / m. Suitable for scenarios requiring high-precision longitudinal displacement release (such as high-power semiconductor laser arrays, where longitudinal thermal expansion can reach 50μm / ℃).

[0060] In some embodiments, the limiting surface of the fixing member is a V-groove shape structure, which limits and supports the fixing member by making line contact with the semi-cylindrical shape structure of the supporting member through the V-groove shape structure.

[0061] The fixing surface of the fastener is a V-groove structure (angle 90°-120°), forming a line contact constraint with the semi-cylindrical surface of the support, restricting only the vertical and lateral degrees of freedom while releasing the longitudinal degree of freedom. Line contact reduces contact stress (70% lower than surface contact stress) while allowing the shell to slide freely along the axis of the V-groove (longitudinal direction), achieving frictionless stress relief.

[0062] The V-groove of the fastener is machined using precision grinding. The groove depth is 3-5mm, the surface roughness Ra is ≤0.4μm, and the contact line length with the semi-cylindrical surface is ≥80% of the cylinder length. The gap between the V-groove and the semi-cylindrical surface is checked using a feeler gauge to ensure zero clearance in the lateral and vertical directions (≤0.01mm), and longitudinal sliding resistance ≤5N (through tensile testing). The contact surfaces are coated with molybdenum disulfide grease (operating temperature -50℃~+150℃) to reduce the impact of sliding friction on force dissipation.

[0063] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the outer side of the fastener has centrally symmetrical screw mounting slots on both sides. The fastener is connected to the side wall of the housing of the preset laser through the slots on the outer side via shoulder screws 40.

[0064] The flexible connection structure has a centrally symmetrical recessed groove (long axis parallel to the light output direction) on the outer facade of the fastener, and is connected to the side wall of the housing by shoulder screws. The groove provides longitudinal movement clearance.

[0065] The unloading principle restricts lateral displacement by engaging the shoulder of the shaft shoulder screw with the countersunk groove of the waist hole, while the longitudinal length of the waist hole (e.g., 10mm long, screw diameter M4) allows the housing to slide freely during longitudinal thermal expansion.

[0066] The waist hole design uses a length L = maximum longitudinal deformation of the housing × 2 + 2mm (e.g., if the expected deformation is 5mm, then L = 12mm), a width 0.2mm larger than the shoulder diameter, and a countersunk depth matching the screw head height (e.g., countersunk depth 3mm). By selecting GB / T 70.1 socket head cap screws with shoulder lengths equal to the fastener wall thickness (e.g., 5mm), lateral positioning accuracy (error ≤ 0.05mm) is ensured. The screw is pre-tightened to 50% torque, and then fully tightened after the housing has reached operating temperature to eliminate initial stress under neutral temperature conditions.

[0067] In some embodiments, the fastener has centrally symmetrical screw mounting holes on both sides of its bottom surface, and the fastener has stress relief grooves spaced vertically between the inner side of the screw mounting holes on the bottom surface and the outer side of the V-shaped groove structure.

[0068] The fastener has centrally symmetrical screw mounting holes on its bottom surface (releasing longitudinal freedom). Between the inner side of the mounting holes and the outer side of the V-shaped groove, there are spaced-apart stress-relieving grooves (weakening lateral stiffness and releasing lateral stress). The stress-relieving grooves are parallel to the V-shaped groove (i.e., longitudinally). By cutting the grooves, the rigidity of the fastener is reduced, forming a "flexible bridging" structure, preventing the preload of the bottom screws from being transmitted to the limiting surface.

[0069] The parameters for the waist holes include: a major axis of 15mm (longitudinal) and a minor axis of 5mm on the bottom surface, with spacing designed according to the shell width (e.g., 100mm), allowing for longitudinal displacement of ±5mm. The stress-relieving groove design features a groove width of 2mm and a depth penetrating half the wall thickness of the fastener (e.g., 4mm for an 8mm wall thickness), with one groove at the top and one at the bottom, spaced 20mm apart. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is used to ensure accuracy. Finite element analysis shows that after adding the stress-relieving grooves, the lateral stiffness of the fastener decreases from 1000N / mm to 200N / mm, while the longitudinal stiffness remains above 800N / mm, meeting the stress-relieving requirements.

[0070] In some embodiments, the direction of the stress relief groove is parallel to the V-shaped groove structure, and an inwardly sinking step surface is provided directly below the V-shaped groove structure.

[0071] By setting an inwardly recessed stepped surface directly below the V-groove, with the depth of the stepped surface perpendicular to the light emission direction (lateral), and in conjunction with the longitudinal line contact of the V-groove, a composite stress-relief mechanism of "longitudinal sliding + lateral buffering" is formed. The recessed stepped surface reduces the rigid contact area of ​​the V-groove region, avoiding shear stress on the V-groove when the shell deforms laterally, thus protecting the limiting structure.

[0072] The width of the stepped surface is equal to the bottom width of the V-groove (e.g., 10mm), the depth is 0.3mm, and the length covers the entire length of the V-groove. The edges are rounded with a radius of 2mm to prevent stress concentration. The contact line between the V-groove and the semi-cylindrical surface is located above the stepped surface, ensuring that the stepped surface does not contact the fixing component when the housing slides longitudinally. It only acts as a limiter in case of excessive lateral deformation (safety redundancy design). The fixing component is made of aluminum alloy (high strength, adjustable rigidity), and the surface of the stepped area is anodized (15μm film thickness) to improve wear resistance.

[0073] In some embodiments, by utilizing the temperature-deformation characteristics of shape memory alloys (SMA), an SMA-driven variable stiffness stress relief mechanism is integrated between the support and the fixing member to achieve adaptive stress release during temperature changes: the SMA spring assembly uses an SMA helical spring (1.5 mm in diameter, phase transition temperature 60°C) arranged in the stress relief groove of the fixing member. When the temperature rises, the spring contracts, actively increasing the lateral movement clearance. The dual-state limiting structure uses a normal temperature limiting surface and a high temperature limiting surface on the support member. By changing the length of the SMA spring at different temperatures, the stress relief clearance is automatically switched (e.g., 0.1 mm at normal temperature, 0.5 mm at high temperature).

[0074] Two sets of SMA springs are symmetrically arranged within the transverse stress relief groove (15mm long, 3mm wide) of the fixing component. The two ends of each spring are connected to lugs on the side wall of the housing, respectively. Initially (at 25℃), the springs are pre-compressed by 0.2mm. When the housing operating temperature rises to 60℃, the SMA springs return to their austenitic state, shortening their length by 1mm. This causes the transverse free clearance of the housing to expand to 0.5mm, meeting the requirements for large deformation at high temperatures.

[0075] The bottom surface of the support component is machined with two steps, which are used for rigid support in low-temperature conditions through a room-temperature limiting surface (height H1=5mm) and a high-temperature limiting surface (H2=4.5mm) that contacts the SMA spring after it contracts to prevent the shell from sinking excessively. No external drive is required; it passively adjusts based on the inherent phase change characteristics of the SMA material, with a response temperature range of ±5℃ and a repeatability of ±0.05mm.

[0076] In some embodiments, by introducing electromagnetic pre-tensioning and non-contact support technology, a magnetic levitation gap is constructed between the support and the housing, achieving frictionless force relief through controllable magnetic force: the bottom permanent magnet array uses neodymium iron boron permanent magnets (N52, array spacing 30mm) embedded in the bottom of the housing, and a soft magnetic alloy (1J79) magnetic guide plate is provided at the corresponding position of the support, using magnetic repulsion to provide a levitation force of 50-100N. The side wall electromagnetic limit is achieved by integrating an electromagnetic coil through a fixing component, controlling the lateral position of the housing (accuracy ±0.02mm) through current adjustment, while allowing free sliding for longitudinal thermal deformation.

[0077] The magnetic levitation support system includes: permanent magnets arranged in a checkerboard pattern (alternating N / S poles) to form a uniform levitation force field with the magnetic guide plate, and a levitation gap of 0.3mm (monitored by a Hall sensor). The support substrate has four sets of magnetic guide pillars (10mm in diameter, 15mm in height), with nickel plating for oxidation prevention and a magnetic circuit efficiency ≥90%. Two sets of electromagnetic coils (10mH inductance, 0.5A rated current) are installed on each side wall of the fixing component, and the current is adjusted in real time through a PID algorithm to counteract the lateral vibration of the shell (frequency 50-2000Hz) without hindering thermal deformation displacement.

[0078] In some embodiments, a combination structure of variable cross-section microgrooves and flexible hinges is designed on the support to achieve a stiffness gradient along the unloading direction, matching the nonlinear thermal deformation requirements of the shell: the gradient microgroove group is fabricated on the support substrate with three sets of transverse microgrooves of decreasing width (first groove width 5mm, last groove width 2mm), each groove depth 1mm, forming a stiffness decreasing region from the center to the edge of the shell. Two U-shaped flexible hinges (thickness 1.5mm, opening angle 90°) are integrated at the connection between the fastener and the shell, with the hinge axis parallel to the light emission direction, allowing bending deformation during longitudinal thermal expansion.

[0079] The gradient microgrooves are fabricated using laser micromachining technology (pulse width 50ns), with a groove spacing of 10mm and rounded edges (R0.5mm) to prevent stress concentration. Anodizing is then applied to improve surface hardness (HV≥300). The central region (where thermal deformation is greatest) has the widest microgrooves and the lowest stiffness (lateral stiffness 20N / mm), with stiffness gradually increasing at the edges (up to 50N / mm), matching the shell's "larger in the middle, smaller at both ends" thermal deformation pattern.

[0080] The U-shaped hinge is made of titanium alloy (TC4) and is processed by wire cutting. The hinge arm is 15mm long and is subjected to aging treatment to eliminate processing stress. The measured longitudinal bending stiffness is ≤10N / mm and the transverse stiffness is ≥500N / mm.

[0081] The stiffness gradient design makes the stress release amount positively correlated with the thermal deformation amount, avoiding the "over-unloading" or "insufficient unloading" of traditional uniform microgrooves; the flexible hinge works in conjunction with the microgrooves to solve the problems of longitudinal and lateral deformation at the same time.

[0082] This invention provides a microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser. By limiting the stress relief direction to the lateral direction perpendicular to the light output direction, it precisely releases the lateral expansion / contraction stress of the housing caused by temperature changes, avoiding structural torsion due to stress concentration, and significantly improving the laser's pointing stability and power stability. The rigid fit between the support and fixing components along the longitudinal direction (light output direction) ensures the stability of the light output direction; the lateral freedom allows for lateral deformation of the housing without generating constraint stress, solving the "stress lock-up" problem of traditional rigid fixing. Without a complex adjustment system, the stress relief function is achieved solely through the geometric fit between the support and fixing components, reducing processing costs, installation accuracy requirements, and post-maintenance difficulty, overcoming the dual defects of "ineffective simple fixing" and "expensive complex systems" in existing technologies.

[0083] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as “on,” “adjacent to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” other elements or layers, it may be directly on, adjacent to, connected to, or coupled to other elements or layers, or there may be intervening elements or layers. Conversely, when an element is referred to as “directly on,” “directly adjacent to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” other elements or layers, there are no intervening elements or layers. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various elements, components, areas, layers, and / or portions, these elements, components, areas, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one element, component, area, layer, or portion from another element, component, area, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first element, component, area, layer, or portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, area, layer, or portion.

[0084] Spatial relation terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “under,” “above,” “above,” etc., are used herein for convenience of description to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms are intended to also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, then the element or feature described as “below,” “under,” or “below” other elements or features will be oriented “above” other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms “below” and “under” can include both above and below orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or otherwise) and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0085] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. When used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “including,” when used in this specification, identify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups. When used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0086] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0087] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A microgroove foot for laterally unloading a laser, used to support the housing of a pre-set laser; characterized in that, include: A support member, which is mounted on the bottom of the housing; A fastener is connected to the side wall of the housing of the preset laser; The unloading direction corresponding to the microgroove foot is a transverse direction perpendicular to the light emission direction corresponding to the housing of the preset laser.

2. The microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting direction of the support and the fixing member is along the longitudinal direction parallel to the light emission direction of the laser housing.

3. The microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The direction of the release of the support and fixing components is the lateral direction.

4. The microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support is connected to the bottom mounting surface of the housing of the preset laser by fixing screws.

5. The microgroove foot for laterally unloading a laser according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting surface of the support member is provided with an inwardly recessed stepped surface.

6. The microgroove foot for laterally unloading a laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting surface of the support member has a semi-cylindrical shape.

7. The microgroove foot for laterally unloading a laser according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting surface of the fixing member is a V-shaped groove structure, which makes line contact with the semi-cylindrical structure of the support member to limit and support it.

8. The microgroove foot for laterally unloading a laser according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fastener has centrally symmetrical screw mounting slots on both sides of its outer facade. The fastener is connected to the side wall of the housing of the preset laser through the slots on its outer facade and the shoulder screws.

9. The microgroove foot for lateral stress relief of a laser according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fastener has centrally symmetrical screw mounting holes on both sides of its bottom surface, and the fastener has stress relief grooves spaced vertically between the inner side of the screw mounting holes and the outer side of the V-shaped groove structure.

10. The microgroove foot for laterally unloading a laser according to claim 9, characterized in that, The unloading groove is parallel to the V-shaped groove structure, and an inwardly settling step surface is provided directly below the V-shaped groove structure.

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