Stamping die self-lubricating guide structure

Abstract

This utility model discloses a self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies, belonging to the technical field of die guide pillars. It includes an upper die, a lower die, a lower guide sleeve, an upper guide sleeve, and guide pillars. The upper guide sleeve is divided into an upper section and a lower section, with an oil storage cavity formed between the upper section and the guide pillar. An upper retaining ring, a lower retaining ring, and an oil supply groove are provided on the outer periphery of the guide pillar. A compression spring is provided between the top cover and the guide pillar. When the die is closed, the upper guide sleeve moves downward, and the guide pillar slides upward due to resistance, connecting the oil supply groove and the oil storage cavity. Lubricating oil wets the mating surface along the oil supply groove. When the die is opened, the spring drives the guide pillar to reset, blocking the oil supply groove from the oil storage cavity. An oil level connecting pipe is provided on the stepped surface of the upper guide sleeve. Combined with a transparent observation tube and oil level indicator on the outside of the upper die, the oil level can be viewed in real time. The oil supply groove is a spiral groove with its lower end connected to a horizontal oil storage groove. A sealing ring is provided between the lower retaining ring and the stepped surface. This structure achieves automatic lubrication synchronized with the stamping action, improving lubrication reliability and die lifespan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mold guide pillar technology, and in particular to a self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies. Background Technology

[0002] The guiding structure of stamping dies (mainly the mating pair of guide rods and guide grooves) is key to ensuring die closing accuracy and reducing component wear. Its lubrication effect directly affects the service life of the die and the quality of the stamped parts. In various stamping dies, the mating of guide rods and guide grooves must maintain a stable clearance over a long period of time to avoid production failures caused by friction overheating and accuracy deviation. Current mainstream guidance structures face lubrication issues, specifically manifested as follows: First, manual lubrication is inefficient: In high-frequency stamping operations, manual timed oiling is difficult to accurately match lubrication needs, easily resulting in insufficient or excessive lubrication. Insufficient lubrication will lead to accelerated wear of the guide surface and a rapid decrease in precision; excessive lubrication will result in grease waste and may also contaminate the workpiece. Secondly, existing passive lubrication structures have defects. Although some molds have added passive lubrication structures such as oil reservoirs, iron filings generated during the stamping process tend to accumulate in them, mixing with the lubricating medium to form abrasive wear, which actually accelerates component failure. Moreover, the oil supply of such structures is fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the frequency and intensity of the stamping action, resulting in poor adaptability. Currently, most stamping dies still rely on manual intervention to maintain guiding lubrication, which is difficult to meet the demands of efficient and precise modern stamping production. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a guiding structure that can automatically complete lubrication synchronously with the stamping process. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies, thereby solving the problem of low efficiency caused by the reliance on manual intervention to maintain guide lubrication in the existing technology.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies includes an upper die and a lower die. The lower die has at least two upward-opening lower guide sleeves, and the upper die has a downward-opening upper guide sleeve at a corresponding position. A guide post that slides up and down is inserted inside the upper guide sleeve, and its lower end forms a sliding fit with the lower guide sleeve. The upper guide sleeve is divided into an upper section and a lower section along the axial direction. The inner diameter of the upper section is larger than the outer diameter of the guide post, and the lower section is clearance-fitted with the guide post. The inner wall of the upper section and the outer circumference of the guide post form an annular oil storage cavity. The outer circumferential surface of the guide post located in the oil storage cavity has an upper retaining ring and a lower retaining ring protruding at intervals along the axial direction. The upper end of the upper guide sleeve has a top cover, and a compressed spring is provided between the top cover and the guide post. The two ends of the spring abut against the top cover and the upper retaining ring, respectively. An oil supply groove is formed along the axial direction on the outer circumference of the guide post located below the lower retaining ring. The axial length of the lower section covers the length of the oil supply groove, ensuring that the oil supply groove is not exposed throughout. The clearance between the lower section and the guide post ensures that the oil supply groove is completely wrapped by the lower section, preventing iron filings from entering through the gap.

[0005] The guide post slides up and down to control the connection or disconnection between the oil supply groove and the oil storage cavity. When the mold is closed, the upper mold drives the upper guide sleeve to move downward, and the lower end of the guide post contacts the lower guide sleeve and slides upward under the resistance force, compressing the spring. At this time, the oil supply groove on the guide post extends from the lower section of the upper guide sleeve into the oil storage cavity. The lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity flows into the groove through the opening at the top of the oil supply groove and wets the mating surface of the guide post and the lower guide sleeve downward along the groove. When the mold is opened, the upper mold drives the upper guide sleeve to move upward, the resistance force on the guide post disappears, and it resets downward under the action of the spring force. The lower retaining ring tightly abuts against the axial connection between the upper and lower sections to form an annular stepped surface to complete the limit. The oil supply groove enters the lower section of the upper guide sleeve from the oil storage cavity, and the oil supply groove is blocked from the oil storage cavity.

[0006] Furthermore, the axial connection between the upper and lower sections forms an annular stepped surface. An oil level connecting pipe extending vertically downwards is provided on the stepped surface, one end of which connects to the oil storage cavity, and the other end penetrates the upper mold and extends to the outside. A transparent observation tube is provided vertically on the outer wall of the upper mold. Its lower end is sealed to the oil level connecting pipe via a pagoda connector (equipped with a rubber sealing ring), and its upper end is equipped with a breathable dust cap to balance air pressure. The height of the upper end of the observation tube is greater than the height of the oil storage cavity. Based on the principle of communicating vessels, the oil level inside the tube is consistent with the oil level in the oil storage cavity in real time. Oil level markings are provided on the outer wall of the upper mold along the length of the observation tube, indicating the minimum and maximum oil level lines.

[0007] Furthermore, an annular sealing ring is provided between the lower retaining ring and the lower end face of the oil storage cavity (i.e., the stepped surface connecting the upper and lower sections). The sealing ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide post and located above the top of the oil supply groove. When the mold is opened and the guide post is reset to the blocking state, the lower retaining ring tightly abuts against the stepped surface, and the sealing ring is axially compressed and tightly adheres to the stepped surface and the end face of the lower retaining ring, forming an annular sealing band to block the gap between the oil storage cavity and the guide post, ensuring reliable oil circuit closure under the blocking state.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper mold is provided with at least two through holes, the upper guide sleeve passes through the through holes and fits against the inner wall of the through holes; the upper section of the through hole is provided with an internal thread, the outer periphery of the top cover is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread, the top cover is screwed into the upper section of the through hole by the thread, and the upper guide sleeve is pressed and fixed along the axial direction. Furthermore, a cylindrical spring mounting guide post is protruding from the lower end face of the top cover, with its axis coaxial with the guide post, used for radial positioning of the spring. The spring is located on the outer periphery of the spring mounting guide post, with its two ends abutting against the lower end face of the top cover and the upper end face of the upper retaining ring, respectively. An oil injection port and a two-way exhaust valve are spaced apart on the end face of the top cover outside the spring mounting guide post. A dust cover is screwed into the oil injection port. The two-way exhaust valve discharges air from the oil storage cavity during oil injection (to avoid air resistance affecting oil injection) and balances the internal and external air pressure when the volume of the oil storage cavity changes slightly due to mold closing / opening (to prevent negative pressure from hindering the flow of lubricating oil), ensuring the stability of the self-lubricating system pressure.

[0009] Furthermore, the oil supply groove is a spiral groove extending spirally along the outer circumference of the guide post. The lower end of the spiral groove is connected to a horizontal oil storage groove opened circumferentially along the outer circumference of the guide post. When the mold is closed and oil is supplied, the lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity flows in through the top of the spiral groove and then evenly wets the surface of the guide post along the spiral path, eventually flowing into the horizontal oil storage groove. The horizontal oil storage groove can evenly disperse the lubricating oil along the circumference of the guide post, ensuring that the mating surface between the guide post and the lower guide sleeve is fully lubricated around the entire circumference, avoiding wear caused by local lack of oil. At the same time, the spiral structure can slow down the flow rate of the lubricating oil and extend the effective lubrication time of a single oil supply.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model automatically controls the connection or blockage of the oil supply groove and the oil storage cavity by sliding the guide post up and down with the stamping mold closing / opening. The lubrication action is completely synchronized with the stamping process, and the oil is precisely supplied only when the mold is closed and lubrication is required. This avoids the waste of lubricating oil in non-working state and prevents the risk of workpiece contamination caused by excessive oil supply.

[0011] 2. The axial length of the lower section of the upper guide sleeve of this utility model completely covers the oil supply groove, and maintains a clearance fit with the guide post so that the oil supply groove is completely wrapped. This can prevent iron filings generated by stamping from entering the oil supply groove and reduce abrasive wear caused by the mixture of lubricating medium and iron filings.

[0012] 3. This utility model relies on the communication device design of the oil level connecting pipe and the transparent observation pipe, which allows for real-time viewing of the oil level in the oil storage chamber without disassembling the mold. Combined with the oil level indicator set along the observation pipe on the outside of the mold, it can quickly determine whether the lubricating oil is within the normal range, greatly reducing the operational difficulty and time cost of oil level inspection.

[0013] 4. The spiral oil supply groove on the outer circumference of the guide post of this utility model can slow down the flow speed of lubricating oil and extend the effective lubrication cycle of a single oil supply; the horizontal oil storage groove connected to its lower end can evenly disperse the lubricating oil along the circumference of the guide post, ensuring that the mating surface between the guide post and the lower guide sleeve can be adequately lubricated throughout the entire circumference, avoiding excessive wear caused by local lack of oil. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an upper guide sleeve, a top cover, and an upper mold in this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a disassembly diagram of an upper guide sleeve, top cover, and guide post in this utility model.

[0017] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Upper mold; 2. Lower mold; 3. Upper guide sleeve; 3-1. Oil storage cavity; 3-2. Oil level connecting pipe; 4. Guide post; 4-1. Upper retaining ring; 4-2. Lower retaining ring; 4-3. Oil supply groove; 4-3.1. Spiral groove; 4-3.2. Horizontal oil storage groove; 5. Top cover; 5-1. Dust cover; 5-2. Two-way exhaust valve; 6. Spring; 7. Observation tube; 8. Sealing ring; 9. Lower guide sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a self-lubricating guide structure for a stamping die includes an upper die 1 and a lower die 2. The lower die 2 is provided with four upward-opening lower guide sleeves 9, and the upper die 1 is provided with downward-opening upper guide sleeves 3 at corresponding positions. Each upper guide sleeve 3 has a sliding guide post 4 that slides vertically, with its lower end slidingly engaging with the lower guide sleeve 9. The upper guide sleeve 3 is divided into an upper section and a lower section along the axial direction. The inner diameter of the upper section is larger than the outer diameter of the guide post 4, and the lower section has a clearance fit with the guide post 4. The inner wall of the upper section and the outer circumference of the guide post 4 form an annular oil storage cavity 3-1. The guide post 4 is located within the oil storage cavity 3-1. On the outer circumference, an upper retaining ring 4-1 and a lower retaining ring 4-2 are convexly arranged at intervals along the axial direction; a top cover 5 is provided at the upper end of the upper guide sleeve 3, and a compressed spring 6 is provided between the top cover 5 and the guide post 4. The two ends of the spring 6 abut against the top cover 5 and the upper retaining ring 4-1 respectively; an oil supply groove 4-3 is provided on the outer circumference of the guide post 4 located below the lower retaining ring 4-2 along the axial direction. The axial length of the lower section covers the length of the oil supply groove 4-3, ensuring that the oil supply groove 4-3 is not exposed throughout, and the fit clearance between the lower section and the guide post 4 ensures that the oil supply groove 4-3 is completely wrapped by the lower section, and iron filings cannot enter through the gap.

[0020] The guide post 4 slides up and down to control the connection or blockage between the oil supply groove 4-3 and the oil storage cavity 3-1. When the mold is closed, the upper mold 1 drives the upper guide sleeve 3 to move downward. The lower end of the guide post 4 contacts the lower guide sleeve 9 and slides upward under the resistance force, compressing the spring 6. At this time, the oil supply groove 4-3 on the guide post 4 extends into the oil storage cavity 3-1 from the lower section of the upper guide sleeve 3. The lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity 3-1 flows into the groove through the top opening of the oil supply groove 4-3 and wets the mating surface of the guide post 4 and the lower guide sleeve 9 along the groove. When the mold is opened, the upper mold 1 drives the upper guide sleeve 3 to move upward. The resistance force on the guide post 4 disappears, and it resets downward under the action of the spring force 6. The lower retaining ring 4-2 tightly abuts against the axial connection between the upper and lower sections to form an annular stepped surface to complete the limit. The oil supply groove 4-3 enters the lower section of the upper guide sleeve 3 from the oil storage cavity 3-1, and the oil supply groove 4-3 is blocked in the oil storage cavity 3-1.

[0021] Furthermore, the axial connection between the upper and lower sections forms an annular stepped surface. An oil level connecting pipe 3-2 extending vertically downwards is provided on this stepped surface. One end of the pipe connects to the oil storage chamber 3-1, and the other end passes through the upper mold 1 and extends to the outside. A transparent observation pipe 7 is provided vertically on the outer wall of the upper mold 1. Its lower end is sealed to the oil level connecting pipe 3-2 via a pagoda connector (equipped with a rubber sealing ring), and its upper end is equipped with a breathable dust cap to balance air pressure. The height of the upper end of the observation pipe 7 is greater than the height of the oil storage chamber 3-1. According to the principle of communicating vessels, the oil level inside the pipe is consistent with the oil level in the oil storage chamber 3-1 in real time. Oil level markings are provided on the outer wall of the upper mold 1 along the length of the observation pipe 7, indicating the minimum and maximum oil level lines.

[0022] Furthermore, an annular sealing ring 8 is provided between the lower retaining ring 4-2 and the lower end face of the oil storage cavity 3-1 (i.e., the stepped surface connecting the upper and lower sections). The sealing ring 8 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide post 4 and located above the top of the oil supply groove 4-3. When the mold is opened and the guide post 4 is reset to the blocking state, the lower retaining ring 4-2 tightly abuts against the stepped surface, and the sealing ring 8 is axially compressed and tightly adheres to the stepped surface and the end face of the lower retaining ring 4-2, forming an annular sealing band to block the gap between the oil storage cavity 3-1 and the guide post 4, ensuring reliable oil circuit closure under the blocking state.

[0023] Furthermore, the upper mold 1 is provided with at least two through holes, the upper guide sleeve 3 is inserted into the through holes and fits against the inner wall of the through holes; the upper section of the through holes is provided with internal threads, the outer periphery of the top cover 5 is provided with external threads that are compatible with the internal threads, the top cover 5 is screwed into the upper section of the through holes by the threads, and the upper guide sleeve 3 is pressed and fixed along the axial direction.

[0024] Furthermore, a cylindrical spring mounting guide post is protruding from the lower end face of the top cover 5, with its axis coaxial with the guide post 4, used for radial positioning of the spring 6. The spring 6 is located on the outer periphery of the spring mounting guide post, with its two ends abutting against the lower end face of the top cover 5 and the upper end face of the upper retaining ring 4-1, respectively. An oil injection port and a two-way exhaust valve 5-2 are spaced apart on the end face of the top cover 5 outside the spring mounting guide post. A dust cover 5-1 is screwed into the oil injection port. The two-way exhaust valve 5-2 discharges air from the oil storage chamber 3-1 during oil injection (to avoid air resistance affecting oil injection), and balances the internal and external air pressure when the volume of the oil storage chamber 3-1 changes slightly due to mold closing / opening (to prevent negative pressure from hindering the flow of lubricating oil), ensuring the stability of the self-lubricating system pressure.

[0025] Furthermore, the oil supply groove 4-3 is a spiral groove 4-3.1 extending spirally along the outer periphery of the guide post 4. The lower end of the spiral groove 4-3.1 is connected to a horizontal oil storage groove 4-3.2 opened circumferentially along the outer periphery of the guide post 4. When the mold is closed and oil is supplied, the lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity 3-1 flows in through the top of the spiral groove 4-3.1 and then evenly wets the surface of the guide post 4 along the spiral path, and finally flows into the horizontal oil storage groove 4-3.2. The horizontal oil storage groove 4-3.2 can evenly disperse the lubricating oil along the circumference of the guide post 4, ensuring that the mating surface between the guide post 4 and the lower guide sleeve 9 is fully lubricated around the entire circumference, avoiding wear caused by local lack of oil. At the same time, the spiral structure can slow down the flow rate of the lubricating oil and extend the effective lubrication time of a single oil supply.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies, comprising an upper die and a lower die, characterized in that, The lower mold is provided with at least two upward-opening lower guide sleeves, and the upper mold is provided with a downward-opening upper guide sleeve at the corresponding position. A guide post that slides up and down is inserted inside the upper guide sleeve, and its lower end forms a sliding fit with the lower guide sleeve. The upper guide sleeve is divided into an upper section and a lower section along the axial direction. The inner diameter of the upper section is larger than the outer diameter of the guide post. The lower section is clearance-fitted with the guide post. The inner wall of the upper section and the outer circumference of the guide post form an annular oil storage cavity. The guide post is located on the outer peripheral surface of the oil storage cavity, and an upper retaining ring and a lower retaining ring are provided at intervals along the axial direction. The upper guide sleeve is provided with a top cover at its upper end, and a compressed spring is provided between the top cover and the guide post. The two ends of the spring abut against the top cover and the upper retaining ring, respectively. The guide post is located on the outer periphery below the lower baffle ring and has an oil supply groove along its axial direction. The axial length of the lower section covers the length of the oil supply groove. The guide post slides up and down to control the oil supply groove to communicate with or block the oil storage cavity.

2. The self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial connection between the upper and lower sections forms an annular stepped surface. An oil level connecting pipe extending downward in the vertical direction is provided on the stepped surface. One end of the oil level connecting pipe is connected to the oil storage cavity, and the other end passes through the upper mold and extends to its outer side. A transparent observation tube is provided on the outer side wall of the upper mold along the vertical direction, and the observation tube is connected to the oil level connecting pipe.

3. The self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the upper end of the observation tube is greater than the height of the oil storage chamber, and the lower end of the observation tube is sealed to the oil level connecting pipe through a pagoda connector.

4. The self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the upper mold is provided with an oil level indicator, which is set along the length of the observation tube.

5. The self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular sealing ring is provided between the lower baffle ring and the lower end face of the oil storage chamber. The sealing ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide post and located above the top of the oil supply groove.

6. The self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper mold is provided with at least two through holes, and the upper guide sleeve passes through the through holes and fits against the inner wall of the through holes; The upper section of the through hole is provided with an internal thread, and the outer periphery of the top cover is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread. The top cover is screwed into the upper section of the through hole by the thread and is pressed and fixed along the axial direction to the upper guide sleeve.

7. The self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end face of the top cover is provided with a spring mounting guide post. The spring is located on the outer periphery of the spring mounting guide post. An oil inlet and a two-way exhaust valve are spaced apart on the top cover end face outside the spring mounting guide post. A dust cover is provided in the oil inlet.

8. The self-lubricating guide structure for stamping dies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil supply groove is a spiral groove that extends spirally along the outer periphery of the guide post, and the lower end of the spiral groove is connected to a horizontal oil storage groove that is opened circumferentially along the outer periphery of the guide post.

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